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Montazerian H, Davoodi E, Baidya A, Badv M, Haghniaz R, Dalili A, Milani AS, Hoorfar M, Annabi N, Khademhosseini A, Weiss PS. Bio-macromolecular design roadmap towards tough bioadhesives. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9127-9173. [PMID: 36269075 PMCID: PMC9810209 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00618a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging sutureless wound-closure techniques have led to paradigm shifts in wound management. State-of-the-art biomaterials offer biocompatible and biodegradable platforms enabling high cohesion (toughness) and adhesion for rapid bleeding control as well as robust attachment of implantable devices. Tough bioadhesion stems from the synergistic contributions of cohesive and adhesive interactions. This Review provides a biomacromolecular design roadmap for the development of tough adhesive surgical sealants. We discuss a library of materials and methods to introduce toughness and adhesion to biomaterials. Intrinsically tough and elastic polymers are leveraged primarily by introducing strong but dynamic inter- and intramolecular interactions either through polymer chain design or using crosslink regulating additives. In addition, many efforts have been made to promote underwater adhesion via covalent/noncovalent bonds, or through micro/macro-interlock mechanisms at the tissue interfaces. The materials settings and functional additives for this purpose and the related characterization methods are reviewed. Measurements and reporting needs for fair comparisons of different materials and their properties are discussed. Finally, future directions and further research opportunities for developing tough bioadhesive surgical sealants are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Montazerian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
| | - Elham Davoodi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing Lab, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Avijit Baidya
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
| | - Maryam Badv
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
| | - Arash Dalili
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Abbas S Milani
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 3E6, Canada
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
| | - Paul S Weiss
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Xiao Z, Zhao Q, Niu Y, Zhao D. Adhesion advances: from nanomaterials to biomimetic adhesion and applications. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3447-3464. [PMID: 35470362 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00265e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The field of adhesion has revealed a significant impact on numerous applications such as wound healing, drug delivery, electrically conductive adhesive, dental adhesive, and wood industry. Nanotechnology has continued to be the primary means to achieve adhesion. Among them, biological systems based on the unique structure of the nano-levels have developed excellent adhesion capabilities after billions of years of evolution and natural selection. Therefore, the research on bionic adhesion inspired by biological systems has gradually emerged. This review firstly focuses on the mechanism of adhesion, and secondly reports the effects of different nanomaterials on adhesion properties. Then based on the structure of mussels, geckos, tree frogs, octopuses, and other organisms, the research progress of biomimetic nanotechnology to achieve adhesion is summarized. Finally, the applications, challenges, and future directions of nanotechnology in new adhesive materials are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuobing Xiao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qixuan Zhao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Yunwei Niu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
| | - Di Zhao
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China.
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbing Mu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Wan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials and Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, P. R. China
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4
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Gon M, Chujo Y, Zolotarskaya O, Wynne KJ. Nonmonotonic dependence of intramolecular charge-transfer sidechain interactions for triazole containing phenylene-ethynylene grafted Co-Polyoxetane brushes. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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5
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Xiong G, Xiong W, Dai S, Lin M, Xia G, Wan X, Mu Y. Fast-Curing Mussel-Inspired Adhesive Derived from Vegetable Oil. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1360-1368. [PMID: 35014487 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of functional materials based on renewable resources is of great significance in today's resource shortage. Here, we present an effective way to synthesize a mussel-inspired adhesive from acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), a renewable and commercially available small molecular material with a molecular weight around 1200 Da, by a one-step esterification reaction with the affordable 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHA). By taking advantages of both the double bond and the catechol moiety presented in this small molecular adhesive, a short curing time was achieved with UV irradiation. An average bonding strength around 1.4 MPa at a curing time of only around 10 min on a glass substrate was observed, which reached 3.1 MPa (average 2.8 MPa) at a curing time of 2 h under ambient conditions. The curing time is much shorter, and the bonding strength is obviously stronger than the conditions where conventional oxidation agents such as IO4- or oxidation/coordination agents such as Fe3+ are used as the curing agent. Furthermore, the AESO-g-DHA can be used as an underwater adhesive, and an appreciable bonding strength up to 0.64 MPa was observed, which is superior than most of currently known commercialized glues. Given that the adhesive could be synthesized from low-cost renewable resources in one step, it might be a potential candidate for large-scale practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P.R. China
| | - Siwen Dai
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P.R. China
| | - Mei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P.R. China
| | - Guozheng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Wan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P.R. China
| | - Youbing Mu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, P.R. China
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6
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Star-shaped polycaprolactone bearing mussel-inspired catechol end-groups as a promising bio-adhesive. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Parzuchowski P, Mamiński MŁ. Poly-(3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyl)oxetanes-Synthesis and Adhesive Interactions with Polar Substrates. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010222. [PMID: 31963171 PMCID: PMC7023514 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperbranched polyoxetanes are a relatively new class of polymers. These are branched polyethers that are synthesized from oxetanes—four-member cyclic ethers bearing hydroxymethyl groups—via ring-opening polymerization. Four series of polyoxetanes were synthesized from 3-ethyl-3-(hydroxymethyl)oxetane and 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)propane as a core molecule. Reagents ratios ranged from 1:5 to 1:50, theoretical molar mass ranged from 714 g/mol to 5942 g/mol, and dispersities ranged from 1.77 to 3.75. The morphology of the macromolecules was investigated by a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight technique. The polyoxetanes’ adhesive interactions with polar materials were analyzed and provided results as follows: the work of adhesion was 101–105 mJ/m2, the bond-line tensile shear strengths were 0.39–1.32 MPa, and there was a brittle fracture mode within the polymer. The findings confirmed a good adhesion to polar substrates, but further research on polyoxetane modifications toward a reduction of brittleness is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Parzuchowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego St., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Ł. Mamiński
- Institute of Wood Science and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-593-8527
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8
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The Chemistry behind Catechol-Based Adhesion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:696-714. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Saiz-Poseu J, Mancebo-Aracil J, Nador F, Busqué F, Ruiz-Molina D. Die chemischen Grundlagen der Adhäsion von Catechol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Saiz-Poseu
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST; Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spanien
| | - J. Mancebo-Aracil
- Instituto de Química del Sur-INQUISUR (UNS-CONICET); Universidad Nacional del Sur; Av. Alem 1253 8000 Bahía Blanca Buenos Aires Argentinien
| | - F. Nador
- Instituto de Química del Sur-INQUISUR (UNS-CONICET); Universidad Nacional del Sur; Av. Alem 1253 8000 Bahía Blanca Buenos Aires Argentinien
| | - F. Busqué
- Dpto. de Química (Unidad Química Orgánica); UniversidadAutónoma de Barcelona, Edificio C-Facultad de Ciencias; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona Spanien
| | - D. Ruiz-Molina
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST; Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spanien
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10
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Meng F, Qiao Z, Yao Y, Luo J. Synthesis of polyurethanes with pendant azide groups attached on the soft segments and the surface modification with mPEG by click chemistry for antifouling applications. RSC Adv 2018; 8:19642-19650. [PMID: 35540978 PMCID: PMC9080695 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02912a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane with pendant azide groups on the soft segment (PU-GAP) was prepared in this study to further increase the content of reactive azide groups and improve their surfaces enrichment for further functionalization. Polymer diols with pendant azide groups (GAP) were prepared by transforming the pendant chlorine groups at polyepichlorohydrin (PECH) into azide groups with sodium azide. The prepared PECH, GAP and PU-GAP was characterized by GPC, 1H NMR and FTIR. Propargylic mPEG (mPEG-alkyne) was used as model surface modification reagents which was grafted on the prepared azido containing polyurethane films via click chemistry. The surface morphology, chemical composition and wettabilities were studied by SEM, XPS and water contact angle (WCA) analysis, respectively. SEM results demonstrated different surface topologies between mPEG modified PU surface and original PU surface. XPS and WCA analysis proved the successful grafting of mPEG on the pendant azide groups of PUs. The mPEG modified PU surfaces demonstrated good antifouling activities against model bacteria and mPEG with larger molecular weights modified surfaces showed better resistance efficiency to attachment of bacteria. Therefore, the surface reactive polyurethane we prepared can be a universal platform for further functionalization according actual applications. Polyurethane with pendant azide groups on the soft segment which can be an universal platform for further functionalization according actual applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fancui Meng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering
- Southwest Minzu University
- 610041 Chengdu
- China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering
- Southwest Minzu University
- 610041 Chengdu
- China
| | - Yan Yao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering
- Southwest Minzu University
- 610041 Chengdu
- China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering
- Southwest Minzu University
- 610041 Chengdu
- China
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11
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Mu Y, Wu X, Pei D, Wu Z, Zhang C, Zhou D, Wan X. Contribution of the Polarity of Mussel-Inspired Adhesives in the Realization of Strong Underwater Bonding. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:3133-3140. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youbing Mu
- The
Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling
Road, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wu
- The
Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling
Road, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Pei
- The
Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling
Road, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Zelin Wu
- The
Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling
Road, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210093, P. R. China
| | - Dongshan Zhou
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Wan
- The
Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling
Road, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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12
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Wu Z, Li L, Mu Y, Wan X. Synthesis and Adhesive Property Study of a Mussel-Inspired Adhesive Based on Poly(vinyl alcohol) Backbone. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430073 P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430073 P. R. China
| | - Youbing Mu
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaobo Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
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13
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Subramanian AS, Tey JN, Zhang L, Ng BH, Roy S, Wei J, Hu X‘M. Synergistic bond strengthening in epoxy adhesives using polydopamine/MWCNT hybrids. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Direct azidation of allylic/benzylic alcohols and ethers followed by the click reaction: one-pot synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles and 1,2,3-triazole moiety embedded macrocycles. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.06.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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15
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Li A, Mu Y, Jiang W, Wan X. A mussel-inspired adhesive with stronger bonding strength under underwater conditions than under dry conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9117-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00101c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Catechol was grafted onto a polyvinylpyrrolidone backbone to mimic mussel adhesive proteins which showed stronger bonding strength underwater than under dry conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Youbing Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Organic Pollution Control and Resource Reuse
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution and Resource Reuse
- School of the Environment
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Xiaobo Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
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16
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Li A, Jia M, Mu Y, Jiang W, Wan X. Humid Bonding with a Water-Soluble Adhesive Inspired by Mussels and Sandcastle Worms. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ailei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 189 Songling Road Qingdao Shandong Province 266101 PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 19A Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 PR China
| | - Mingchen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 189 Songling Road Qingdao Shandong Province 266101 PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 19A Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 PR China
| | - Youbing Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 189 Songling Road Qingdao Shandong Province 266101 PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Organic Pollution Control and Resource Reuse; State Key Laboratory of Pollution and Resource Reuse; School of the Environment; Nanjing University; 22 Hankou Road Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210093 PR China
| | - Xiaobo Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 189 Songling Road Qingdao Shandong Province 266101 PR China
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