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Abstract
The merging of click chemistry with discrete photochemical processes has led to the creation of a new class of click reactions, collectively known as photoclick chemistry. These light-triggered click reactions allow the synthesis of diverse organic structures in a rapid and precise manner under mild conditions. Because light offers unparalleled spatiotemporal control over the generation of the reactive intermediates, photoclick chemistry has become an indispensable tool for a wide range of spatially addressable applications including surface functionalization, polymer conjugation and cross-linking, and biomolecular labeling in the native cellular environment. Over the past decade, a growing number of photoclick reactions have been developed, especially those based on the 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions and Diels-Alder reactions owing to their excellent reaction kinetics, selectivity, and biocompatibility. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of photoclick reactions and their applications in chemical biology and materials science. A particular emphasis is placed on the historical contexts and mechanistic insights into each of the selected reactions. The in-depth discussion presented here should stimulate further development of the field, including the design of new photoactivation modalities, the continuous expansion of λ-orthogonal tandem photoclick chemistry, and the innovative use of these unique tools in bioconjugation and nanomaterial synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangam Srikanth Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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Cervera-Procas R, Serrano JL, Omenat A. A Highly Versatile Polymer Network Based on Liquid Crystalline Dendrimers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115740. [PMID: 34072169 PMCID: PMC8198346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly functional macromolecules with a well-defined architecture are the key to designing efficient and smart materials, and these polymeric systems can be tailored for specific applications in a diverse range of fields. Herein, the formation of a new liquid crystalline polymeric network based on the crosslinking of dendrimeric entities by the CuI-catalyzed variant of the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azides and alkynes to afford 1,2,3-triazoles is reported. The polymeric material obtained in this way is easy to process and exhibits a variety of properties, which include mesomorphism, viscoelastic behavior, and thermal contraction. The porous microstructure of the polymer network determines its capability to absorb solvent molecules and to encapsulate small molecules, like organic dyes, which can be released easily afterwards. Moreover, all these properties may be easily tuned by modifying the chemical structure of the constituent dendrimers, which makes this system a very interesting one for a number of applications.
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Wang X, Hernandez JJ, Gao G, Stansbury JW, Bowman CN. Poly(triazole) Glassy Networks via Thiol-Norbornene Photopolymerization: Structure–Property Relationships and Implementation in 3D Printing. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiance Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Juan J. Hernandez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Guangzhe Gao
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Jeffrey W. Stansbury
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Christopher N. Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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Click chemistry strategies for the accelerated synthesis of functional macromolecules. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Konuray O, Fernández-Francos X, De la Flor S, Ramis X, Serra À. The Use of Click-Type Reactions in the Preparation of Thermosets. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1084. [PMID: 32397509 PMCID: PMC7285069 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Click chemistry has emerged as an effective polymerization method to obtain thermosets with enhanced properties for advanced applications. In this article, commonly used click reactions have been reviewed, highlighting their advantages in obtaining homogeneous polymer networks. The basic concepts necessary to understand network formation via click reactions, together with their main characteristics, are explained comprehensively. Some of the advanced applications of thermosets obtained by this methodology are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Konuray
- Thermodynamics Laboratory, ETSEIB Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (O.K.); (X.F.-F.); (X.R.)
| | - Xavier Fernández-Francos
- Thermodynamics Laboratory, ETSEIB Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (O.K.); (X.F.-F.); (X.R.)
| | - Silvia De la Flor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Xavier Ramis
- Thermodynamics Laboratory, ETSEIB Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (O.K.); (X.F.-F.); (X.R.)
| | - Àngels Serra
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili, c/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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Huang D, Liu Y, Qin A, Tang BZ. Structure–Property Relationship of Regioregular Polytriazoles Produced by Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergent Ru(II)-Catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Click Polymerization. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Die Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anjun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Jennah O, Beniazza R, Lozach C, Jardel D, Molton F, Duboc C, Buffeteau T, El Kadib A, Lastécouères D, Lahcini M, Vincent JM. Photoredox Catalysis at Copper(II) on Chitosan: Application to Photolatent CuAAC. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oumayma Jennah
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies; Cadi Ayyad University; Av. A. Elkhattabi, B.P. 549 40000 Marrakech Morocco
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; Univ. Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
| | - Redouane Beniazza
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; Univ. Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, UM6P; 43150 Ben Guerir Morocco
| | - Cédric Lozach
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; Univ. Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
| | - Damien Jardel
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; Univ. Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
| | - Florian Molton
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR-CNRS 5250, F-; 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Carole Duboc
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR-CNRS 5250, F-; 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Thierry Buffeteau
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; Univ. Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
| | - Abdelkrim El Kadib
- Euro-Med Research Center, Engineering Division; Euro-Med University of Fes (UEMF).; Route de Meknès. Rond-Point de Bensouda. 30070 Fès Morocco
| | | | - Mohammed Lahcini
- Faculty of Sciences and Technologies; Cadi Ayyad University; Av. A. Elkhattabi, B.P. 549 40000 Marrakech Morocco
- Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, UM6P; 43150 Ben Guerir Morocco
| | - Jean-Marc Vincent
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255; Univ. Bordeaux; 33405 Talence France
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El-Zaatari BM, Cole SM, Bischoff DJ, Kloxin CJ. Copper Ligand and Anion Effects: Controlling the Kinetics of the Photoinitiated Copper(I) Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Polymerization. Polym Chem 2018; 9:4772-4780. [PMID: 31031838 PMCID: PMC6483394 DOI: 10.1039/c8py01004h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of photoinduced copper(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) polymerizations were assessed as a function of copper(II) amine-based ligands. Copper(II) bromide ligated with 1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethylenetetramine (HMTETA) exhibited the fastest kinetics in both Norrish type(I) and type(II) photoinitiating systems. A characteristic induction period is observed with these polymerizations and is manipulated by adding an external tertiary amine in Norrish Type(II) photoinitating systems or by changing the anion of the copper(II) salt. Halides, specifically bromide and chloride, exhibit the fastest kinetics with the smallest induction period in comparison with organic anions, such as bistriflimide and triflate. The temporal control of the photo-CuAAC polymerization is affected by pre-ligation of the copper catalyst, by the presence of certain anions such as acetate, and by specific ligands such as tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassil M. El-Zaatari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Shea M. Cole
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Derek J. Bischoff
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Christopher J. Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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McBride MK, Podgorski M, Chatani S, Worrell BT, Bowman CN. Thermoreversible Folding as a Route to the Unique Shape-Memory Character in Ductile Polymer Networks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:22739-22745. [PMID: 29882403 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ductile, cross-linked films were folded as a means to program temporary shapes without the need for complex heating cycles or specialized equipment. Certain cross-linked polymer networks, formed here with the thiol-isocyanate reaction, possessed the ability to be pseudoplastically deformed below the glass transition, and the original shape was recovered during heating through the glass transition. To circumvent the large forces required to plastically deform a glassy polymer network, we have utilized folding, which localizes the deformation in small creases, and achieved large dimensional changes with simple programming procedures. In addition to dimension changes, three-dimensional objects such as swans and airplanes were developed to demonstrate applying origami principles to shape memory. We explored the fundamental mechanical properties that are required to fold polymer sheets and observed that a yield point that does not correspond to catastrophic failure is required. Unfolding occurred during heating through the glass transition, indicating the vitrification of the network that maintained the temporary, folded shape. Folding was demonstrated as a powerful tool to simply and effectively program ductile shape-memory polymers without the need for thermal cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K McBride
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado Boulder , 596 UCB , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Maciej Podgorski
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado Boulder , 596 UCB , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer Chemistry , MCS University, Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej , Lublin 20-031 , Poland (M.P.)
| | - Shunsuke Chatani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado Boulder , 596 UCB , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Brady T Worrell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado Boulder , 596 UCB , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
| | - Christopher N Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , University of Colorado Boulder , 596 UCB , Boulder , Colorado 80309 , United States
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Beil A, Müller G, Käser D, Hattendorf B, Li Z, Krumeich F, Rosenthal A, Rana VK, Schönberg H, Benkő Z, Grützmacher H. Bismesitoylphosphinic Acid (BAPO-OH): A Ligand for Copper Complexes and Four-Electron Photoreductant for the Preparation of Copper Nanomaterials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7697-7702. [PMID: 29768706 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bismesitoylphosphinic acid, (HO)PO(COMes)2 (BAPO-OH), is an efficient photoinitiator for free-radical polymerizations of olefins in aqueous phase. Described here are the structures of various copper(II) and copper(I) complexes with BAPO-OH as the ligand. The complex CuII (BAPO-O)2 (H2 O)2 is photoactive, and under irradiation with UV light in aqueous phase, it serves as a source of metallic copper in high purity and yield (>80 %). Simultaneously, the radical polymerization of acrylates can be initiated and allows the preparation of nanoparticle/polymer nanocomposites in which the metallic Cu nanoparticles are protected against oxidation. The determination of the stoichiometry of the photoreductions suggests an almost quantitative conversion from CuII into Cu0 with half an equivalent of BAPO-OH, which serves as a four-electron photoreductant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Beil
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Georgina Müller
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Debora Käser
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bodo Hattendorf
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zhongshu Li
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.,Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Amos Rosenthal
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Vijay Kumar Rana
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Schönberg
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.,Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
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Beil A, Müller G, Käser D, Hattendorf B, Li Z, Krumeich F, Rosenthal A, Rana VK, Schönberg H, Benkő Z, Grützmacher H. Bismesitoylphosphinic Acid (BAPO-OH): A Ligand for Copper Complexes and Four-Electron Photoreductant for the Preparation of Copper Nanomaterials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Beil
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Georgina Müller
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Debora Käser
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Bodo Hattendorf
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Zhongshu Li
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | | | - Amos Rosenthal
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Vijay Kumar Rana
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Schönberg
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie; ETH Zürich; 8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics; 1111 Budapest Hungary
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Shete AU, El-Zaatari BM, French JM, Kloxin CJ. Blue-light activated rapid polymerization for defect-free bulk Cu(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) crosslinked networks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:10574-7. [PMID: 27499057 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05095f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light (470 nm wavelength) sensitive Type II photoinitiator system is developed for bulk Cu(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions in crosslinked networks. The accelerated photopolymerization eliminates UV-mediated azide decomposition allowing for the formation of defect-free glassy networks which exhibit a narrow glass transition temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek U Shete
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Bassil M El-Zaatari
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jonathan M French
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA. and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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Abstract
The recent progress in alkyne-based click polymerizations and their application in the preparation of new functional polymers are summarized. The challenges and opportunities in this area are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Anjun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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Alzahrani AA, Saed M, Yakacki CM, Song HB, Sowan N, Walston JJ, Shah PK, McBride MK, Stansbury JW, Bowman CN. Fully recoverable rigid shape memory foam based on copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) using a salt leaching technique. Polym Chem 2017; 9:121-130. [PMID: 29276541 DOI: 10.1039/c7py01121k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study is the first to employ the use of the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) polymerization to form a tough and stiff, porous material from a well-defined network possessing a high glass transition temperature. The effect of the network linkages formed as a product of the CuAAC reaction, i.e., the triazoles, on the mechanical behavior at high strain was evaluated by comparing the CuAAC foam to an epoxy-amine-based foam, which consisted of monomers with similar backbone structures and mechanical properties (i.e., Tg of 115 °C and a rubbery modulus of 1.0 MPa for the CuAAC foam, Tg of 125 °C and a rubbery modulus of 1.2 MPa for the epoxy-amine foam). When each foam was compressed uniformly to 80% strain at ambient temperature, the epoxy-amine foam was severely damaged after only reaching 70% strain in the first compression cycle with a toughness of 300 MJ/m3. In contrast, the CuAAC foam exhibited pronounced ductile behavior in the glassy state with three times higher toughness of 850 MJ/m3 after the first cycle of compression to 80% strain. Additionally, when the CuAAC foam was heated above Tg after each of five compression cycles to 80% strain at ambient temperature, the foam completely recovered its original shape while exhibiting a gradual decrease in mechanical performance over the multiple compression cycles. The foam demonstrated almost complete shape fixity and recovery ratios even through five successive cycles, indicative of "reversible plasticity", making it highly desirable as a glassy shape memory foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A Alzahrani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Mohand Saed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO
| | | | - Han Byul Song
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Nancy Sowan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO
| | - Joshua J Walston
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Parag K Shah
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Matthew K McBride
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Jeffrey W Stansbury
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO.,Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Christopher N Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO.,Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO
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Shete AU, Kloxin CJ. One-pot blue-light triggered tough interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) using CuAAC and methacrylate reactions. Polym Chem 2017; 8:3668-3673. [PMID: 29057012 PMCID: PMC5646837 DOI: 10.1039/c7py00623c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) is formed in a one-pot blue-light activated scheme, where the step- and chain- growth polymerizations of the CuAAC and methacrylate reactions, respectively, are simultaneously triggered but proceed sequentially. The glassy IPN is polymerized under ambient conditions and is able to withstand high strain before failure owing to its significantly enhanced toughness. Additionally, this material exhibits shape memory attributes with readily tunable mechanical properties at high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek U Shete
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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Blasco E, Wegener M, Barner-Kowollik C. Photochemically Driven Polymeric Network Formation: Synthesis and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 28075059 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric networks have been intensely investigated and a large number of applications have been found in areas ranging from biomedicine to materials science. Network fabrication via light-induced reactions is a particularly powerful tool, since light provides ready access to temporal and spatial control, opening an array of synthetic access routes for structuring the network geometry as well as functionality. Herein, the most recent light-induced modular reactions and their use in the formation of precision polymeric networks are collated. The synthetic strategies including photoinduced thiol-based reactions, Diels-Alder systems, and photogenerated reactive dipoles, as well as photodimerizations, are discussed in detail. Importantly, applications of the fabricated networks via the aforementioned reactions are highlighted with selected examples. Concomitantly, we provide future directions for the field, emphasizing the most critically required advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Blasco
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Martin Wegener
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
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Uysal N, Acik G, Tasdelen MA. Soybean oil based thermoset networks via photoinduced CuAAC click chemistry. POLYM INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naci Uysal
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Yalova University; Yalova Turkey
| | - Gokhan Acik
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Yalova University; Yalova Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Letters; Piri Reis University; Tuzla Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering; Yalova University; Yalova Turkey
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20
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Xue W, Wang J, Wen M, Chen G, Zhang W. Integration of CuAAC Polymerization and Controlled Radical Polymerization into Electron Transfer Mediated “Click-Radical” Concurrent Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Xue
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ming Wen
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Gaojian Chen
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research; Soochow University; Suzhou 215006 P. R. China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
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21
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Al Mousawi A, Kermagoret A, Versace DL, Toufaily J, Hamieh T, Graff B, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Copper photoredox catalysts for polymerization upon near UV or visible light: structure/reactivity/efficiency relationships and use in LED projector 3D printing resins. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01958g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Copper complexes are synthesized and evaluated as new photoredox catalysts/photoinitiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assi Al Mousawi
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
- Laboratoire de Matériaux
- Catalyse
| | - Anthony Kermagoret
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR)
- UMR 7273
- 13397 Marseille
| | - Davy-Louis Versace
- Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) – ICMPE UMR CNRS 7182
- 94010 Créteil cedex
- France
| | - Joumana Toufaily
- Laboratoire de Matériaux
- Catalyse
- Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI)
- EDST
- Université Libanaise
| | - Tayssir Hamieh
- Laboratoire de Matériaux
- Catalyse
- Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI)
- EDST
- Université Libanaise
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Frederic Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR)
- UMR 7273
- 13397 Marseille
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR)
- UMR 7273
- 13397 Marseille
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M – UMR CNRS 7361 – UHA
- 68057 Mulhouse Cedex
- France
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22
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Zhu HZ, Wang G, Wei HL, Chu HJ, Zhu J. Click synthesis of hydrogels by metal-free 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between maleimide and azide functionalized polymers. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-016-4120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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23
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Song HB, Sowan N, Shah PK, Baranek A, Flores A, Stansbury JW, Bowman CN. Reduced shrinkage stress via photo-initiated copper(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition polymerizations of azide-alkyne resins. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1332-1342. [PMID: 27524230 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polymerization shrinkage stress and factors involved in the stress development such as volumetric shrinkage and modulus were investigated in photo-CuAAC (photo-initiated copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition) polymerization and compared with conventional BisGMA-based methacrylate polymerization for their use as alternative dental resins. METHODS Tri-functional alkyne and di-functional azide monomers were synthesized for photo-CuAAC polymerization. Conversion kinetics, stress development and polymerization shrinkage were determined with FTIR spectroscopy, tensometery, and with a linometer, respectively, for CuAAC and BisGMA-based monomer mixtures using a camphorquinone/amine visible light photoinitiator system. Thermo-mechanical properties for the cured polymer matrices were characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis and in three-point bending on a universal testing machine. Polymerization kinetics, polymerization shrinkage stress, dynamic volumetric shrinkage, glass transition temperature (Tg), flexural modulus, flexural strength, and flexural toughness were compared between the two different resin systems. RESULTS A glassy CuAAC polymer (Tg=62°C) exhibited 15-25% lower flexural modulus of 2.5±0.2GPa and flexural strength of 117±8MPa compared to BisGMA-based polymer (Tg=160°C) but showed considerably higher energy absorption around 7.1MJ×m-3 without fracture when strained to 11% via three-point bend compared to the flexural toughness of 2.7MJ×m-3 obtained from BisGMA-based polymer. In contrast to BisGMA-based polymers at 75% functional group conversion, the CuAAC polymerization developed approximately three times lower shrinkage stress with the potential to achieve quantitative conversion under ambient temperature photocuring conditions. Moreover, relatively equivalent dynamic volumetric shrinkage of around 6-7% was observed via both CuAAC and dimethacrylate polymerization, suggesting that the low shrinkage stress of CuAAC polymerization was due to delayed gelation along with slower rate of polymerization and the formation of a more compliant network structure. SIGNIFICANCE CuAAC crosslinked networks possessed high toughness and low polymerization shrinkage stress with quantitative conversion, which eliminated obstacles associated with BisGMA-based dental resins including limited conversion, unreacted extractable moieties, brittle failure, and high shrinkage stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Byul Song
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Nancy Sowan
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Parag K Shah
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Austin Baranek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Alexander Flores
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Jeffrey W Stansbury
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christopher N Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, 596 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States.
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24
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Jones GR, Whitfield R, Anastasaki A, Haddleton DM. Aqueous Copper(II) Photoinduced Polymerization of Acrylates: Low Copper Concentration and the Importance of Sodium Halide Salts. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:7346-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Glen R. Jones
- Chemistry
Department, University of Warwick, Library Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Whitfield
- Chemistry
Department, University of Warwick, Library Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Chemistry
Department, University of Warwick, Library Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3152, Australia
| | - David M. Haddleton
- Chemistry
Department, University of Warwick, Library Road, CV4 7AL Coventry, United Kingdom
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology,
Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3152, Australia
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25
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Wang C, Ikhlef D, Kahlal S, Saillard JY, Astruc D. Metal-catalyzed azide-alkyne “click” reactions: Mechanistic overview and recent trends. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Tasdelen MA, Taskin OS, Celik C. Orthogonal Synthesis of Block Copolymer via Photoinduced CuAAC and Ketene Chemistries. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:521-6. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen
- Department of Polymer Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Yalova University; 77100 Yalova Turkey
| | - Omer Suat Taskin
- Department of Chemistry; Kirklareli University; Merkez Kirklareli Turkey
| | - Cumali Celik
- Yalova Community College; Yalova University; 77200 Yalova Turkey
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27
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Dadashi-Silab S, Doran S, Yagci Y. Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions for Macromolecular Syntheses. Chem Rev 2016; 116:10212-75. [PMID: 26745441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 546] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical reactions, particularly those involving photoinduced electron transfer processes, establish a substantial contribution to the modern synthetic chemistry, and the polymer community has been increasingly interested in exploiting and developing novel photochemical strategies. These reactions are efficiently utilized in almost every aspect of macromolecular architecture synthesis, involving initiation, control of the reaction kinetics and molecular structures, functionalization, and decoration, etc. Merging with polymerization techniques, photochemistry has opened up new intriguing and powerful avenues for macromolecular synthesis. Construction of various polymers with incredibly complex structures and specific control over the chain topology, as well as providing the opportunity to manipulate the reaction course through spatiotemporal control, are one of the unique abilities of such photochemical reactions. This review paper provides a comprehensive account of the fundamentals and applications of photoinduced electron transfer reactions in polymer synthesis. Besides traditional photopolymerization methods, namely free radical and cationic polymerizations, step-growth polymerizations involving electron transfer processes are included. In addition, controlled radical polymerization and "Click Chemistry" methods have significantly evolved over the last few decades allowing access to narrow molecular weight distributions, efficient regulation of the molecular weight and the monomer sequence and incredibly complex architectures, and polymer modifications and surface patterning are covered. Potential applications including synthesis of block and graft copolymers, polymer-metal nanocomposites, various hybrid materials and bioconjugates, and sequence defined polymers through photoinduced electron transfer reactions are also investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Dadashi-Silab
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sean Doran
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University , 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.,Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR) and Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University , 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Ramdas MR, Kumar KSS, Nair CPR. Heat and solvent responsive polytriazole: shape recovery properties in different solvents. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11776g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Shape memory polytriazole actuatable by both heat and solvents is presented. Hydrogen bonding solvents exhibit strong influence on shape recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ragin Ramdas
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division
- Propellants and Special Chemicals Group
- Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
- Thiruvananthapuram-695022
- India
| | - K. S. Santhosh Kumar
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division
- Propellants and Special Chemicals Group
- Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
- Thiruvananthapuram-695022
- India
| | - C. P. Reghunadhan Nair
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division
- Propellants and Special Chemicals Group
- Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
- Thiruvananthapuram-695022
- India
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Arslan I, Tasdelen MA. POSS-based hybrid thermosets via photoinduced copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry. Des Monomers Polym 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2015.1124323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Irem Arslan
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering, Yalova University, Yalova, Turkey
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31
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Effect of the Network Structure and Programming Temperature on the Shape-Memory Response of Thiol-Epoxy “Click” Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/polym7101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Beniazza R, Bayo N, Molton F, Duboc C, Massip S, McClenaghan N, Lastécouères D, Vincent JM. Effective ascorbate-free and photolatent click reactions in water using a photoreducible copper(II)-ethylenediamine precatalyst. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1950-9. [PMID: 26664615 PMCID: PMC4661010 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for copper catalysts able to perform effectively click reactions in water in the absence of sodium ascorbate is an active area of current research with strong potential for applications in bioconjugation. The water-soluble and photoreducible copper(II)-EDA (EDA = ethylenediamine) complex 1, which has two 4-benzoylbenzoates acting as both counterion and photosensitizer, has been synthesized and characterized by different techniques including single crystal X-ray diffraction. Highly efficient photoreduction was demonstrated when solutions of 1 in hydrogen atom donating solvents, such as THF or MeOH, were exposed to UVA radiation (350-400 nm) provided by a low pressure mercury lamp (type TLC = thin-layer chromatography, 365 nm), or by a 23 W fluorescent bulb, or by ambient/sunlight. In water, a much poorer hydrogen atom donating solvent, the photoreduction of 1 proved inefficient. Interestingly, EPR studies revealed that complex 1 could nonetheless be effectively photoreduced in water when alkynes were present in solution. The catalytic activity of 1 for click reactions involving a range of water-soluble alkynes and azides, in particular saccharides, was tested under various illumination conditions. Complex 1 was found to exhibit a photolatent character, the photogenerated copper(I) being very reactive. On irradiating aqueous reaction mixtures containing 1 mol % of 1 at 365 nm (TLC lamp) for 1 h, click reactions were shown to proceed to full conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redouane Beniazza
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR-CNRS 5255, 351 Crs de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Natalia Bayo
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR-CNRS 5255, 351 Crs de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Florian Molton
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR-CNRS 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Carole Duboc
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR-CNRS 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Massip
- Univ. Bordeaux, IECB, UMS 3033/US 001, 2 rue Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France ; CNRS, IECB, UMS 3033, 33600 Pessac, France ; INSERM, IECB, US 001, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Nathan McClenaghan
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR-CNRS 5255, 351 Crs de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Dominique Lastécouères
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR-CNRS 5255, 351 Crs de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
| | - Jean-Marc Vincent
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR-CNRS 5255, 351 Crs de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France
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Xiao P, Zhang J, Campolo D, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Fouassier JP, Lalevée J. Copper and iron complexes as visible-light-sensitive photoinitiators of polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xiao
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361; UHA 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361; UHA 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Damien Campolo
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273F-13397 Marseille; France
| | - Frederic Dumur
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273F-13397 Marseille; France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273F-13397 Marseille; France
| | - Jean Pierre Fouassier
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361; UHA 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, UMR CNRS 7361; UHA 15, rue Jean Starcky 68057 Mulhouse Cedex France
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