1
|
Wei J, Abdurexit A, Jamal R, Abdiryim T, You J, Li Z, Shang J, Cheng Q. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Recycled Polypropylene/Polyolefin Elastomer Composites with High Mechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:972. [PMID: 38611230 PMCID: PMC11013364 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of waste plastics has gradually become a hot topic in the current scientific community. In response to the needs for high-impact performance R-PP-based composites, carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced polyolefin elastomer (POE)/recycled polypropylene (R-PP) composite (CF/POE/R-PP) was prepared by the mechanical blending method, and its mechanical and thermal properties were systematically studied. It was found that the CF could effectively improve the bending and notch impact strength as well as enhance the thermal stability of POE/R-PP. Furthermore, a stable and dispersed composite interface formed by the combination of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) with the surface of CF and the fusion alkyl chains in R-PP and POE further enhanced the CF's reinforcing effect. As a result, the addition of 9 wt.% CF successfully improved the heat resistance of the composite material, and the residual carbon content increased by 97.84% after sintering. The composite toughening of POE and CF effectively improved the impact strength of the composite material, with a maximum increase of over 1000%. This study ultimately resulted in a high-impact-resistant composite material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (J.W.); (J.Y.); (J.S.); (Q.C.)
| | - Abdukeyum Abdurexit
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Chemical Engineering Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (A.A.); (R.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ruxangul Jamal
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Chemical Engineering Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (A.A.); (R.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Tursun Abdiryim
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (J.W.); (J.Y.); (J.S.); (Q.C.)
| | - Jiangan You
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (J.W.); (J.Y.); (J.S.); (Q.C.)
| | - Zhiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Chemical Engineering Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (A.A.); (R.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jin Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (J.W.); (J.Y.); (J.S.); (Q.C.)
| | - Qian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (J.W.); (J.Y.); (J.S.); (Q.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu B, Zheng X, Xu W, Ren Y, Leng H, Liang L, Zheng D, Chen J, Jiang H. β-Nucleated Polypropylene: Preparation, Nucleating Efficiency, Composite, and Future Prospects. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3107. [PMID: 37514497 PMCID: PMC10383444 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-crystals of polypropylene have a metastable crystal form. The formation of β-crystals can improve the toughness and heat resistance of a material. The introduction of a β-nucleating agent, over many other methods, is undoubtedly the most reliable method through which to obtain β-PP. Furthermore, in this study, certain newly developed β-nucleating agents and their compounds in recent years are listed in detail, including the less-mentioned polymer β-nucleating agents and their nucleation characteristics. In addition, the various influencing factors of β-nucleation efficiency, including the polymer matrix and processing conditions, are analyzed in detail and the corresponding improvement measures are summarized. Finally, the composites and synergistic toughening effects are discussed, and three potential future research directions are speculated upon based on previous research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Winner New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Gaoming District, Foshan 528521, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xian Zheng
- Guangdong Winner New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Gaoming District, Foshan 528521, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yanwei Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Haiqiang Leng
- Guangdong Winner New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Gaoming District, Foshan 528521, China
| | - Linzhi Liang
- Guangdong Winner New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Gaoming District, Foshan 528521, China
| | - De Zheng
- Guangdong Winner New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Gaoming District, Foshan 528521, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Guangdong Winner New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Gaoming District, Foshan 528521, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lei G, Weilong X, Yanhui C, Zhenguo L. Ultrahigh low-temperature toughness of polypropylene composites with low ductile-brittle transition temperature by introducing traces of needle-like wollastonite. J MACROMOL SCI B 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2022.2145751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gong Lei
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xia Weilong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chen Yanhui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Liu Zhenguo
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shi W, Xu Y, Qin J, Li X, Lv Q, Chen X, Yu J, Chen M. Isothermal crystallization behaviors of isotactic polypropylene with ultrasonically‐modified calcium sulfate whisker as
β
‐nucleating agent. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Shi
- Shangyu District Environmental Monitoring Station Shaoxing China
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Yong Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Jun Qin
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials Guiyang China
| | - Xing Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Qing Lv
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Xiaolang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technology Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China
| | - Jie Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials Guiyang China
| | - Mengyu Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education Guizhou University Guiyang China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ji H, Wang Y, Zhu H, Ni H, Ma Y, Xie L. Research on a strengthening method and mechanism of expanding polypropylene pipe. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huajian Ji
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Huihao Zhu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Hui Ni
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yulu Ma
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Linsheng Xie
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
An effective nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene (iPP): Zinc bis- (nadic anhydride) double-decker silsesquioxanes. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
7
|
Tranchida D, Kandioller G, Schwarz P, Schaffer W, Gahleitner M. Novel characterization of the β → α crystalline phase transition of isotactic polypropylene through high‐temperature atomic force microscopy imaging and nanoindentation. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philipp Schwarz
- Borealis Polyolefine GmbH Innovation Headquarters Linz Austria
| | - Walter Schaffer
- Borealis Polyolefine GmbH Innovation Headquarters Linz Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Henglun Cheng, Shang M, He Y, Shentu B, Gao Z. Synthesis and Effect of N,N'-Diphenylterephthalamide on Crystallization of Isotactic Polypropylene. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090420050036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
9
|
Zhang X, Zhao S, Meng X, Xin Z. The mechanical properties, crystallization and rheological behavior of isotactic polypropylene with nucleating agent supported on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02260-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
10
|
Dependence of β-crystal formation of isotactic polypropylene on crystallization conditions. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02241-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
11
|
Effect of entanglement upon branching on dispersibility, β-nucleating and mechanically strengthening ability of polystyrene in isotactic polypropylene. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
12
|
Deformation-Induced Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene Sheets Containing a β-Nucleating Agent under Solid-State Stretching. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061258. [PMID: 32486274 PMCID: PMC7362179 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The deformation-induced crystallization of an isotactic polypropylene (iPP) sheet containing a β-nucleating agent was evaluated. The phase transformation of the β-modifications was investigated and the crystal morphology was observed at room temperature after stretching at different temperatures. The results showed that the crystallinity increased after solid-state stretching. When the stretching temperature was below the initial crystallization temperature, stretching deformation promoted the orientation of amorphous molecular chains. When the deformation temperature exceeded the crystallization temperature, part of the β-modifications underwent a phase transformation process and was stretched into a shish-kebab structure. However, once the stretching temperature was close to the melting point, the β-modifications melted and recrystallized, and the shish-kebab structure underwent stress relaxation due to poor thermal stability, transforming into α-modifications. It was revealed that the crystal phase transformation mechanism of the β-modifications was based on the orientation of the molecular chains between the adjacent lamellae. In addition, the shish-kebab cylindrite structure played an important role in modifying the tensile and impact properties of the iPP sheet. The tensile and impact strengths increased by as much as 34% and 126%, respectively.
Collapse
|
13
|
Yue Y, Yi J, Wang L, Feng J. Toward a More Comprehensive Understanding on the Structure Evolution and Assembly Formation of a Bisamide Nucleating Agent in Polypropylene Melt. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Yi
- Institution of Petrochemical Technology, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Institution of Petrochemical Technology, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jiachun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ding C, Wu GG, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Yin B, Yang MB. Effect of surfactant assisted β-nucleating agent self-assembly on the crystallization of polypropylene. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Yue Y, Feng J. Structure evolution upon heating and cooling and its effects on nucleation performance: A review on aromatic amide β‐nucleating agents for isotactic polypropylene. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan University Shanghai China
| | - Jiachun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan University Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|