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Cao Y, Xu B, Li B, Fu H. Advanced Design of Soft Robots with Artificial Intelligence. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:214. [PMID: 38869734 PMCID: PMC11176285 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01423-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive review focused on the whole systems of the soft robotics with artificial intelligence, which can feel, think, react and interact with humans, is presented. The design strategies concerning about various aspects of the soft robotics, like component materials, device structures, prepared technologies, integrated method, and potential applications, are summarized. A broad outlook on the future considerations for the soft robots is proposed. In recent years, breakthrough has been made in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), which has also revolutionized the industry of robotics. Soft robots featured with high-level safety, less weight, lower power consumption have always been one of the research hotspots. Recently, multifunctional sensors for perception of soft robotics have been rapidly developed, while more algorithms and models of machine learning with high accuracy have been optimized and proposed. Designs of soft robots with AI have also been advanced ranging from multimodal sensing, human–machine interaction to effective actuation in robotic systems. Nonetheless, comprehensive reviews concerning the new developments and strategies for the ingenious design of the soft robotic systems equipped with AI are rare. Here, the new development is systematically reviewed in the field of soft robots with AI. First, background and mechanisms of soft robotic systems are briefed, after which development focused on how to endow the soft robots with AI, including the aspects of feeling, thought and reaction, is illustrated. Next, applications of soft robots with AI are systematically summarized and discussed together with advanced strategies proposed for performance enhancement. Design thoughts for future intelligent soft robotics are pointed out. Finally, some perspectives are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cao
- Nanotechnology Center, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingang Xu
- Nanotechnology Center, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Fu
- Department of Mathematics and Information Technology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang R, Zheng X, Zhu S, Li W, Zhang H, Liu Z, Zhou X. Recent Advances in Functional Polyurethane Chemistry: From Structural Design to Applications. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rijia Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Wenyao Li
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
| | - Xing Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 China
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Polypyrrole-functionalized g-C3N4 for rheological, combustion and self-healing properties of thermoplastic polyurethane. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kim YJ, Kim DH, Choi JS, Yim JH. A multi-functional ammonia gas and strain sensor with 3D-printed thermoplastic polyurethane-polypyrrole composites. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Abstract
In contrast to conventional hard actuators, soft actuators offer many vivid advantages, such as improved flexibility, adaptability, and reconfigurability, which are intrinsic to living systems. These properties make them particularly promising for different applications, including soft electronics, surgery, drug delivery, artificial organs, or prosthesis. The additional degree of freedom for soft actuatoric devices can be provided through the use of intelligent materials, which are able to change their structure, macroscopic properties, and shape under the influence of external signals. The use of such intelligent materials allows a substantial reduction of a device's size, which enables a number of applications that cannot be realized by externally powered systems. This review aims to provide an overview of the properties of intelligent synthetic and living/natural materials used for the fabrication of soft robotic devices. We discuss basic physical/chemical properties of the main kinds of materials (elastomers, gels, shape memory polymers and gels, liquid crystalline elastomers, semicrystalline ferroelectric polymers, gels and hydrogels, other swelling polymers, materials with volume change during melting/crystallization, materials with tunable mechanical properties, and living and naturally derived materials), how they are related to actuation and soft robotic application, and effects of micro/macro structures on shape transformation, fabrication methods, and we highlight selected applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indra Apsite
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Department of Biofabrication, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Str. 36A, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sahar Salehi
- Department of Biomaterials, Center of Energy Technology und Materials Science, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Straße 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Leonid Ionov
- Faculty of Engineering Science, Department of Biofabrication, University of Bayreuth, Ludwig Thoma Str. 36A, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.,Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Ha YM, Kim YN, Jung YC. Rapid and Local Self-Healing Ability of Polyurethane Nanocomposites Using Photothermal Polydopamine-Coated Graphene Oxide Triggered by Near-Infrared Laser. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1274. [PMID: 33919935 PMCID: PMC8070893 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the self-healing ability of polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites based on the photothermal effect of polydopamine-coated graphene oxide (PDA-rGO). Polydopamine (PDA) was coated on the graphene oxide (GO) surface, while simultaneously reducing GO by the oxidation of dopamine hydrochloride in an alkaline aqueous solution. The PDA-rGO was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. PDA-rGO/PU nanocomposites with nanofiller contents of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt% were prepared by ex situ mixing method. The photothermal effect of the PDA-rGO in the PU matrix was investigated at 0.1 W/cm2 using an 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser. The photothermal properties of the PDA-rGO/PU nanocomposites were superior to those of the GO/PU nanocomposites, owing to an increase in the local surface plasmon resonance effect by coating with PDA. Subsequently, the self-healing efficiency was confirmed by recovering the tensile stress of the damaged nanocomposites using the thermal energy generated by the NIR laser.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yong Chae Jung
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-Do 55324, Korea; (Y.-M.H.); (Y.N.K.)
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Rong J, Zhong J, Yan W, Liu M, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, Fu C, Gao F, Shen L, He H. Study on waterborne self-healing polyurethane with dual dynamic units of quadruple hydrogen bonding and disulfide bonds. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Meng Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
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Wu H, Liu X, Sheng D, Zhou Y, Xu S, Xie H, Tian X, Sun Y, Shi B, Yang Y. High performance and near body temperature induced self-healing thermoplastic polyurethane based on dynamic disulfide and hydrogen bonds. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Cui S, Mao J, Rouabhia M, Elkoun S, Zhang Z. A biocompatible polypyrrole membrane for biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:16996-17006. [PMID: 35479716 PMCID: PMC9031619 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01338f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Polypyrrole (PPy) is the most widely investigated electrically conductive biomaterial. However, because of its intrinsic rigidity, PPy has only been used either in the form of a composite or a thin coating. This work presents a pure and soft PPy membrane that is synergically reinforced with the electrospun polyurethane (PU) and poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) fibers. This particular reinforcement not only renders the originally rather fragile PPy membrane easy to manipulate, it also prevents the membrane from deformation in an aqueous environment. Peel and mechanical tests confirmed the strong adhesion of the fibers and the significantly increased tensile strength of the reinforced membrane. Surface electrical conductivity and long-term electrical stability were tested, showing that these properties were not affected by the reinforcement. Surface morphology and chemistry were analyzed with scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Material thermal stability was investigated with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Finally, the adhesion and proliferation of human skin keratinocytes on the membrane were assessed by Hoechst staining and the methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In conclusion, this membrane proves to be the first PPy-based soft conductive biomaterial that can be practically used. Its electrical conductivity and cytocompatibility promise a wide range of biomedical applications. A reinforced soft polypyrrole membrane.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Cui
- Research Group on Oral Ecology
- Faculty of Dentistry
- Université Laval
- Québec (QC)
- Canada
| | - Jifu Mao
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education and College of Textiles
- Donghua University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Mahmoud Rouabhia
- Research Group on Oral Ecology
- Faculty of Dentistry
- Université Laval
- Québec (QC)
- Canada
| | - Saïd Elkoun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke (QC)
- Canada
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Surgery
- Faculty of Medicine
- Université Laval
- Québec (QC)
- Canada
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Madduma‐Bandarage USK, Madihally SV. Synthetic hydrogels: Synthesis, novel trends, and applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Dzhardimalieva GI, Yadav BC, Kudaibergenov SE, Uflyand IE. Basic Approaches to the Design of Intrinsic Self-Healing Polymers for Triboelectric Nanogenerators. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2594. [PMID: 33158271 PMCID: PMC7694280 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as a revolutionary system for harvesting mechanical energy have demonstrated high vitality and great advantage, which open up great prospects for their application in various areas of the society of the future. The past few years have seen exponential growth in many new classes of self-healing polymers (SHPs) for TENGs. This review presents and evaluates the SHP range for TENGs, and also attempts to assess the impact of modern polymer chemistry on the development of advanced materials for TENGs. Among the most widely used SHPs for TENGs, the analysis of non-covalent (hydrogen bond, metal-ligand bond), covalent (imine bond, disulfide bond, borate bond) and multiple bond-based SHPs in TENGs has been performed. Particular attention is paid to the use of SHPs with shape memory as components of TENGs. Finally, the problems and prospects for the development of SHPs for TENGs are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzhian I. Dzhardimalieva
- Laboratory of Metallopolymers, The Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia;
- Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Bal C. Yadav
- Nanomaterials and Sensors Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India;
| | - Sarkyt E. Kudaibergenov
- Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty 050019, Kazakhstan;
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Igor E. Uflyand
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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