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Yang Y, Yao C, Huang WY, Liu CL, Zhang Y. Wearable Sensor Based on a Tough Conductive Gel for Real-Time and Remote Human Motion Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11957-11972. [PMID: 38393750 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The usage of a conductive hydrogel in wearable sensors has been thoroughly researched recently. Nonetheless, hydrogel-based sensors cannot simultaneously have excellent mechanical property, high sensitivity, comfortable wearability, and rapid self-healing performance, which result in poor durability and reusability. Herein, a robust conductive hydrogel derived from one-pot polymerization and subsequent solvent replacement is developed as a wearable sensor. Owing to the reversible hydrogen bonds cross-linked between polymer chains and clay nanosheets, the resulting conductive hydrogel-based sensor exhibits outstanding flexibility, self-repairing, and fatigue resistance performances. The embedding of graphene oxide nanosheets offers an enhanced hydrogel network and easy release of wearable sensor from the target position through remote irradiation, while Li+ ions incorporated by solvent replacement endow the wearable sensor with low detection limit (sensing strain: 1%), high conductivity (4.3 S m-1) and sensitivity (gauge factor: 3.04), good freezing resistance, and water retention. Therefore, the fabricated wearable sensor is suitable to monitor small and large human motions on the site and remotely under subzero (-54 °C) or room temperature, indicating lots of promising applications in human-motion monitoring, information encryption and identification, and electronic skins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ling Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P. R. China
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Zhong L, Zhang Y, Liu F, Wang L, Feng Q, Chen C, Xu Z. Muscle-inspired anisotropic carboxymethyl cellulose-based double-network conductive hydrogels for flexible strain sensors. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125973. [PMID: 37495000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels are considered one of the most promising materials for preparing flexible sensors due to their flexible and extensible properties. However, conventional hydrogels' weak mechanical and isotropic properties are greatly limited in practical applications. Here, the internal structure of the hydrogel was regulated by pre-stretching synergistic ion crosslinking to construct a carboxymethyl cellulose-based double network-oriented hydrogel similar to muscle. The introduction of pre-stretching increased the tensile strength of the double-network hydrogel from 1.45 MPa to 4.32 MPa, and its light transmittance increased from 67.3 % to 84.5 %. In addition, the hydrogel's thermal stability and electrical conductivity were improved to a certain extent. Its good mechanical properties and conductive properties can be converted into stable electrical signal output during deformation. The carboxymethyl cellulose-based double network oriented hydrogels were further assembled as flexible substrates into flexible sensor devices. The hydrogel sensors can monitor simple joint movements as well as complex spatial movements, which makes them have potential application value in the research field of intelligent response electronic devices such as flexible wearables, intelligent strain sensing, and soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Luzhen Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chuchu Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhaoyang Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Miao G, Xu L, Li F, Miao X, Hou Z, Xu T, Ren G, Yang X, Qiu J, Zhu X. Simple and Rapid Way to a Multifunctionally Conductive Hydrogel for Wearable Strain Sensors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:10530-10541. [PMID: 37460098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have gained increasing attention in the field of wearable smart devices. However, it remains a big challenge to develop a multifunctionally conductive hydrogel in a rapid and facile way. Herein, a conductive tannic acid-iron/poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel was synthesized within 30 s at ambient temperature by the tannic acid-iron (TA@Fe3+)-mediated dynamic catalytic system. The TA@Fe3+ dynamic redox autocatalytic pair could efficiently activate the ammonium persulfate to initiate the free-radical polymerization, allowing the gelation to occur easily and rapidly. The resulting hydrogel exhibited enhanced stretchability (3560%), conductivity (33.58 S/m), and strain sensitivity (gauge factor = 2.11). When damaged, it could be self-healed through the dynamic and reversible coordination bonds between the Fe3+ and COO- groups in the hydrogel network. Interestingly, the resulting hydrogel could act as a strain sensor to monitor various human motions including the huge movement of deformations (knuckle, wrist) and subtle motions (smiling, breathing) in real time due to its enhanced self-adhesion, good conductivity, and improved strain sensitivity. Also, the obtained hydrogel exhibited efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance with an EMI shielding effectiveness value of 24.5 dB in the X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz). Additionally, it displayed antibacterial properties, with the help of the activity of TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Miao
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Lide Xu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Fangchao Li
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Xiao Miao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hou
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Ting Xu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Guina Ren
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Xiaoyang Yang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Jianxun Qiu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264405, China
- Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264006, China
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Liu CH, Krueger S, Nieh MP. Synthesis of Polymer Nanoweb via a Lipid Template. ACS Macro Lett 2023:993-998. [PMID: 37406157 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a generalized platform for synthesizing a polymer nanoweb with a high specific surface area via a bicellar template, composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-dihexanoyl phosphocholine (DHPC), and 1,2-dipalmitoyl phosphoglycerol (DPPG). The pristine bicelle (in the absence of monomer or polymer) yields a variety of well-defined structures, including disc, vesicle, and perforated lamella. The addition of styrene monomers in the mixture causes bicelles to transform into lamellae. Monomers are miscible with DPPC and DPPG initially, while polymerization drives polymers to the DHPC-rich domain, resulting in a polymer nanoweb supported by the outcomes of small angle neutron scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hao Liu
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Susan Krueger
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standard and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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Hu X, Yu X, Xiong X, Li S, Jin T, Chen Y. Enhancing anti‐thermal hysteresis ability, response stability and sensitivity of polymer humidity sensor by in‐situ crosslinking curing method. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuqi Hu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Testing Technical Services (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd. Guangzhou China
| | - Xueting Yu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Testing Technical Services (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd. Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaoyan Xiong
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Testing Technical Services (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd. Guangzhou China
- New Materials Research Institute of CASCHEM (Chongqing) Co., Ltd. Chongqing China
| | - Siyi Li
- CAS Testing Technical Services (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd. Guangzhou China
| | - Tao Jin
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Testing Technical Services (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd. Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
| | - Yufang Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Testing Technical Services (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd. Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics Guangzhou China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China
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