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Graczyk F, Gębalski J, Makuch-Kocka A, Gawenda-Kempczyńska D, Ptaszyńska AA, Grzyb S, Bogucka-Kocka A, Załuski D. Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant, Anti-Enzymatic and Cytotoxic Activity of the Fruits and Roots of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim. Molecules 2022; 27:5579. [PMID: 36080343 PMCID: PMC9457789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim. is well-known for its adaptogenic properties in traditional Eastern medicine. It has been categorized as an endangered species due to the over-exploitation of the roots. As a result, alternatives must be found, including the usage of renewable aerial parts such as fruits. The goal of this research was to determine the phenolic compounds and the enzymatic, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of the intractum gained from the E. senticosus fruits and the mixture of chloroform-methanol roots extract with naringenin (3:7:5). The obtained results showed, that the intractum contained 1.02 mg/g ext. of polyphenols, 0.30 mg/g ext. of flavonoids, and 0.19 mg/g ext. of phenolic acids. In turn, the mixture of chloroform-methanol roots extract with naringenin (3:7:5) contained 159.27 mg/g ext. of polyphenols, 137.47 mg/g ext. of flavonoids, and 79.99 mg/g ext. of phenolic acids. Regarding the anti-enzymatic assay, the IC50 values for tyrosinase and hyaluronidase were equal to 586.83 and 217.44 [μg/mL] for the intractum, and 162.56 and 44.80 [μg/mL] for the mixture, respectively. Both preparations have possessed significant antioxidant activity in the ABTS, DPPH, and ferrozine tests. No cytotoxic effect on the FaDu and HEP G2 cancer cell lines was observed. Our findings support the traditional use of fruits and roots. Moreover, the results indicate also that adaptogens are rather nontoxic for normal and cancer cells, which corresponds with some hypotheses on adaptogens activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Graczyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Marie Curie-Skłodowska 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jakub Gębalski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Marie Curie-Skłodowska 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Makuch-Kocka
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dorota Gawenda-Kempczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Marie Curie-Skłodowska 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aneta A. Ptaszyńska
- Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 Str., 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Grzyb
- College of Engineering and Health in Warsaw, Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 r. 18 Str., 02-366 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bogucka-Kocka
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniel Załuski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Marie Curie-Skłodowska 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Zhou HC, Pellerin RJ, Waminal NE, Yang TJ, Kim HH. Pre-labelled oligo probe-FISH karyotype analyses of four Araliaceae species using rDNA and telomeric repeat. Genes Genomics 2019; 41:839-847. [PMID: 30903554 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-019-00786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The family Araliaceae contains many medicinal species including ginseng of which the whole genome sequencing analyses have been going on these days. OBJECTIVE To characterize the chromosomal distribution of 5S and 45S rDNAs and telomeric repeat in four ginseng related species of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem., Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév., Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus (Rupr. Et Maxim.) Seem., Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb. ex A.Murr.) Koidz. METHOD Pre-labelled oligoprobe (PLOP)-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was carried out. RESULTS The chromosome number of A. elata was 2n = 24, whereas that of the other three species of D. morbiferus, E. sessiliflorus, and K. septemlobus was 2n = 48, corresponding to diploid and tetraploid, respectively, based on the basic chromosome number x = 12 in Araliaceae. In all four species, one pair of 5S signals were detected in the proximal regions of the short arms of chromosome 3, whereas in K. septemlobus, the 5S rDNA signals localized in the subtelomeric region of short arm of chromosome 3, while all the 45S rDNA signals localized at the paracentromeric region of the short arm of chromosome 1. And the telomeric repeat signals were detected at the telomeric region of both short and long arms of most chromosomes. CONCLUSION The PLOP-FISH was very effective compared with conventional FISH method. These results provide useful comparative cytogenetic information to better understand the genome structure of each species and will be useful to trace the history of ginseng genomic constitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chao Zhou
- Department of Life Sciences, Chromosome Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Remnyl Joyce Pellerin
- Department of Life Sciences, Chromosome Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Nomar Espinosa Waminal
- Department of Life Sciences, Chromosome Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Yang
- Department of Plant Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Hee Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Chromosome Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea.
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Espejel-Nava JA, Vega-Avila E, Alarcon-Aguilar F, Contreras-Ramos A, Díaz-Rosas G, Trejo-Aguilar G, Ortega-Camarillo C. A Phenolic Fraction from Catharanthus roseus L. Stems Decreases Glycemia and Stimulates Insulin Secretion. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:7191035. [PMID: 30534178 PMCID: PMC6252199 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7191035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. (C. roseus) is a medicinal plant used traditionally for diabetes mellitus control. Several compounds of an alkaloidal nature have been proposed as hypoglycemic principles. However, little attention has been paid to other compounds in this plant that could also participate in this hypoglycemic activity. This study aimed to analyze the hypoglycemic effect of a polyphenolic fraction from C. roseus, as well as its action on insulin secretion and expression in RINm5F cells. Methods. An alkaloid-free aqueous extract was obtained from C. roseus stems. The hypoglycemic effect of different doses of this extract was evaluated in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. This extract was fractionated by bipartition, and the resultant fractions were assessed by their hypoglycemic effects. Subsequently, the fraction with the greater hypoglycemic activity was added to the RINm5F cells, and the expression and secretion of insulin were analyzed. The antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method and through chromatographic analysis of the most active fraction by HPLC, using an Econosphere C18 column. Results. The aqueous alkaloid-free extract of C. roseus stems significantly reduced blood glucose in normal and diabetic mice. The fractionation of this extract provided three fractions, one of which (a precipitate) showed significant reductions in glycemia at 6 h (48.1 and 64.5% in normal and diabetic mice, respectively). This precipitate contained phenolic compounds and saponins. Its chromatographic analysis showed that it is formed by several phenolic compounds; gallic acid (0.053%) and chlorogenic acid (0.216%) were identified and quantified. Conclusion. The phenolic fraction of C. roseus containing gallic acid and chlorogenic acid had a hypoglycemic effect that may be explained by an increase in insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Alejandra Espejel-Nava
- Posgraduate Program in Experimental Biology, DCBS, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Del. Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Elisa Vega-Avila
- Experimental Hematology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Del. Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Francisco Alarcon-Aguilar
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences. Autonomous Metropolitan University, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Del. Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Contreras-Ramos
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology Research and Experimental Teratogenicity, Children Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez (HIMFG). Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col. Doctores, CP 06720, Delegación: Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Díaz-Rosas
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology Research and Experimental Teratogenicity, Children Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez (HIMFG). Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col. Doctores, CP 06720, Delegación: Cuauhtémoc, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Gloria Trejo-Aguilar
- Instrumental Analysis Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Autonomous Metropolitan University, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, CP 09340, Del. Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Clara Ortega-Camarillo
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Del. Cuauhtémoc, CP 06720, CDMX, Mexico
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Phytoconstituents and Nutritional Properties of the Fruits of Eleutherococcus divaricatus and Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus: A Study of Non-European Species Cultivated in Poland. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8374295. [PMID: 28182104 PMCID: PMC5274665 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8374295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Eleutherococcus fruits have been consumed in Russia and Asia throughout the centuries. Currently, there is an increasing interest in these products by the community of Western Europe. Many people suffer from micronutrient deficiencies, known as malnutrition, which consequently influences body condition. The aim of this study was to investigate pharmaconutrition, proximate, mineral, and fatty acid composition, total phenolics content, and total flavonoids content of Eleutherococcus divaricatus and Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus fruits cultivated in Poland. Eleutherococcus divaricatus and E. sessiliflorus contain a high amount of protein and fibres (16.70% and 12.28%; 61.41% and 45.63%, resp.). The fruits were generally high in K (21 g/kg) and low in sodium (0.001 g/kg). In terms of fatty acid composition, both species had a high amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (54.84–57.95%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (36.22–37.0%). Using LC-ESI-MS/MS, protocatechuic acid has been identified as the most abundant compound, ranging from 260 to 810 μg/100 g DE. Among flavonoids, hyperoside was found to be in the highest amount (120–780 μg/100 g DE). Considering a rich chemical composition of the fruits, a better understanding of their health benefits is important in order to increase their utility and to enrich dietary sources of health promoting compounds. Because of a high amount of protein and a low calorific value, the fruits should be considered food for vegans or vegetarians.
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Phytochemical Content and Pharma-Nutrition Study on Eleutherococcus senticosus Fruits Intractum. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9270691. [PMID: 27843534 PMCID: PMC5098108 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9270691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades public interest in herbal products has increased significantly in Europe, especially in the plant-based products from non-European traditions. Eleutherococcus senticosus has been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, anemia, and rheumatoid arthritis. The Eleutherococcus senticosus fruits intractum was examined for the content of phenolic acids (LC-ESI-MS/MS), minerals (AAS), TPC, and TFC (spectrophotometric assay). The antioxidant activity was determined using free radical scavenging assay and TLC-DB-DPPH∗ dot-blot test. An anti-Hyal activity was evaluated by the spectrophotometric assay method. Cytotoxicity towards HL-60, HL-60/MX1, HL-60/MX2, CEM/C1, and CCRF/CEM leukemic cell lines was done using trypan blue test. Among eight phenolic acids, trans-caffeic acid was found in the largest amount (41.2 mg/g DE). The intractum presented a high amount of macroelements (Ca, Mg, K; 1750, 1300, and 21000 mg/kg) and microelements (Fe, Mn; 32.7, 54.3 mg/kg), respectively. The content of TPC and TFC was 130 and 92 mg/g DE, respectively. The intractum showed anti-Hyal activity (2.16-60%) and an antioxidant capacity (EC50; 52 μg/mL). The intractum most strongly inhibited the growth of HL-60, HL-60/MX1, and CCRF/CEM. A better understanding of the intractum health benefits is important in order to increase its utility and enrich dietary sources of health promoting compounds.
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Ali M, Abbasi BH, Ahmad N, Ali SS, Ali S, Ali GS. Sucrose-enhanced biosynthesis of medicinally important antioxidant secondary metabolites in cell suspension cultures of Artemisia absinthium L. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 39:1945-1954. [PMID: 27515537 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1668-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural products are gaining tremendous importance in pharmaceutical industry and attention has been focused on the applications of in vitro technologies to enhance yield and productivity of such products. In this study, we investigated the accumulation of biomass and antioxidant secondary metabolites in response to different carbohydrate sources (sucrose, maltose, fructose and glucose) and sucrose concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 %). Moreover, the effects of 3 % repeated sucrose feeding (day-12, -18 and -24) were also investigated. The results showed the superiority of disaccharides over monosaccharides for maximum biomass and secondary metabolites accumulation. Comparable profiles for maximum biomass were observed in response to sucrose and maltose and initial sucrose concentrations of 3 and 5 %. Maximum total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were displayed by cultures treated with sucrose and maltose; however, initial sucrose concentrations of 5 and 7 % were optimum for both classes of metabolites, respectively. Following 3 % extra sucrose feeding, cultures fed on day-24 (late-log phase) showed higher biomass, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents as compared to control cultures. Highest antioxidant activity was exhibited by maltose-treated cultures. Moreover, sucrose-treated cultures displayed positive correlation of antioxidant activity with total phenolics and total flavonoids production. This work describes the stimulatory role of disaccharides and sucrose feeding strategy for higher accumulation of phenolics and flavonoids, which could be potentially scaled up to bioreactor level for the bulk production of these metabolites in suspension cultures of A. absinthium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.,Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Nisar Ahmad
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Syed Shujait Ali
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ali
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan
| | - Gul Shad Ali
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center and Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 2725 Binion Rd, Apopka, FL, 32703, USA
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Park SY, Do GM, Lee S, Lim Y, Shin JH, Kwon O. Acanthopanax divaricatus var. chiisanensis reduces blood pressure via the endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway in the spontaneously hypertensive rat model. Nutr Res 2014; 34:797-806. [PMID: 25241331 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the antihypertensive effects of Acanthopanax divaricatus var. chiisanensis extract (AE) and its active compound, acanthoside D (AD), on arterial blood pressure (BP) in vivo and endothelial function in vitro. We hypothesized that AE has antihypertensive effects, which is attributed to enhancement of endothelial function via the improvement of nitric oxide synthesis or the angiotensin II (Ang II) response. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs) were randomly divided into 7 groups and then fed the following diets for 14 weeks: WKY fed a normal diet (WN); SHR fed a normal diet (SN); SHR fed a high-cholesterol (HC) diet (SH); SHR fed a HC diet with AE of 150, 300, 600 mg/kg body weight (SH-L, SH-M, SH-H); and SHR fed an HC diet with AD of 600 μg/kg body weight (SH-D). Blood pressure was significantly reduced in the SH-H compared with the SH from week 10 until week 14; BP was also significantly decreased in the SHR fed a HC diet with AE of 300 at week 14. Aortic wall thickness showed a tendency to decrease by AE and AD treatment. The SH-H showed increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in the intima and media, compared with the SH. Furthermore, a significant increase in intracellular nitric oxide production was induced by AE and AD treatment in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. A significant increase of phospho-eNOS was found with a high dose of AE in human umbilical vein endothelial cells but not with AD. These results suggest that AE can regulate BP and improve endothelial function via eNOS-dependent vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong-Min Do
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Sena Lee
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeni Lim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, 553, Sanseong-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Oran Kwon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-750, Republic of Korea.
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Biotechnological production of eleutherosides: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:7319-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Yang L, Ge H, Wang W, Zu Y, Yang F, Zhao C, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Development of sample preparation method for eleutheroside B and E analysis in Acanthopanax senticosus by ionic liquids-ultrasound based extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography detection. Food Chem 2013; 141:2426-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Morkunas I, Formela M, Floryszak-Wieczorek J, Marczak Ł, Narożna D, Nowak W, Bednarski W. Cross-talk interactions of exogenous nitric oxide and sucrose modulates phenylpropanoid metabolism in yellow lupine embryo axes infected with Fusarium oxysporum. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 211:102-121. [PMID: 23987816 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine cross-talk of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) and sucrose in the mechanisms of synthesis and accumulation of isoflavonoids in embryo axes of Lupinus luteus L. cv. Juno. It was verified whether the interaction of these molecules can modulate the defense response of axes to infection and development of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini. Sucrose alone strongly stimulated a high level of genistein glucoside in axes pretreated with exogenous nitric oxide (SNP or GSNO) and non-pretreated axes. As a result of amplification of the signal coming from sucrose and GSNO, high isoflavonoids accumulation was observed (+Sn+GSNO). It needs to be stressed that infection in tissues pretreated with SNP/GSNO and cultured on the medium with sucrose (+Si+SNP/+Si+GSNO) very strongly enhances the accumulation of free isoflavone aglycones. In +Si+SNP axes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity was high up to 72h. As early as at 12h in +Si+SNP axes an increase was recorded in gene expression level of the specific isoflavonoid synthesis pathway. At 24h in +Si+SNP axes a very high total antioxidant capacity dependent on the pool of fast antioxidants was noted. Post-infection generation of semiquinone radicals was lower in axes with a high level of sucrose than with a deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, Poznań, Poland.
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Optimization of immersion frequency and medium substitution on microtuberization of Chlorophytum borivilianum in RITA system on production of saponins. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gabriela GC, Javier AAF, Elisa VA, Gonzalo VP, Herlinda BJ. Antidepressant-Like Effect of Tagetes lucida Cav. Extract in Rats: Involvement of the Serotonergic System. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 40:753-68. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x12500565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the decoction of the aerial parts of Tagetes lucida Cav. produces an antidepressant effect during the forced swimming test (FST) in rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different organic extracts and one aqueous extract of the aerial parts of T. lucida on the FST. In addition, the possible involvement of the serotonergic system in the antidepressant-like effect of T. lucida in the FST was evaluated, as was its potential toxicological effect. The different extracts of T. lucida (methanol, hexane, dichloromethane and aqueous, 10 and 50 mg/kg), as well as fluoxetine (FLX, 5 mg/kg), were administered per os (p.o.) to rats for 14 days. All animals were subjected to the FST. Only the aqueous extract of T. lucida at a dose of 50 mg/kg significantly reduced immobility behavior and increased swimming in the FST, similar to FLX. Later, the aqueous extract of T. lucida (50mg/kg) was administered for 1, 7 and 14 days. An antidepressant effect was observed after 7 days of treatment. To evaluate the participation of the serotoninergic system, the animals were pretreated with PCPA, an inhibitor of serotonin synthesis (100 mg/kg/day for 4 consecutive days). The animals were treated with the aqueous extract of T. lucida (50 mg/kg) and FLX (5 mg/kg) 24 h after the final injection and were then subjected to the FST. Pretreatment with PCPA inhibited the antidepressant effect of both T. lucida and FLX. Finally, T. lucida was administered p.o. and intraperitoneal route to evaluate its acute toxicological effect. The aqueous extract of T. lucida, administered p.o., did not produce lethality or any significant changes in behavior. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of T. lucida manifested an antidepressant-like effect in the FST mediated by the serotonergic system, with no adverse effects when administered p.o.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadarrama-Cruz Gabriela
- Experimental Biology Posgrade, Department of Biology of Reproduction, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, México, D.F., C.P. 09340, México
| | - Alarcón-Aguilar Francisco Javier
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Biology of Reproduction, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, México, D.F., C.P. 09340, México
| | - Vega-Avila Elisa
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Health Sciences, Department of Biology of Reproduction, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, México, D.F., C.P. 09340, México
| | - Vázquez-Palacios Gonzalo
- Academy of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México-San Lorenzo Tezonco, México D.F., C.P. 09790, México
| | - Bonilla-Jaime Herlinda
- Behavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biology of Reproduction, D.C.B.S., Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, México, D.F., C.P. 09340, México
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Sepulveda- G, Reyna-Aqui C, Chaires-Ma L, Bermudez-T K, Rodriguez- M. Antioxidant Activity and Content of Phenolic Compounds and Flavonoids from Justicia spicigera. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2009.629.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Liu CZ, Cheng XY. Enhancement of phenylethanoid glycosides biosynthesis in cell cultures of Cistanche deserticola by osmotic stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2008; 27:357-62. [PMID: 17874242 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-007-0443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2007] [Revised: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The effect of osmotic stress on cell growth and phenylethanoid glycosides (PeGs) biosynthesis was investigated in cell suspension cultures of Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma, a desert medicinal plant grown in west region of China. Various initial sucrose concentrations significantly affected cell growth and PeGs biosynthesis in the suspension cultures, and the highest dry weight and PeGs accumulation reached 15.9 g l(-1)-DW and 20.7 mg g(-1)-DW respectively at the initial osmotic stress of 300 mOsm kg(-1) where the sucrose concentration was 175.3 mM. Stoichiometric analysis with different combinations of sucrose and non-metabolic sugar (mannitol) or non-sugar osmotic agents (PEG and NaCl) revealed that osmotic stress itself was an important factor for enhancing PeGs biosynthesis in cell suspension cultures of C. deserticola. The maximum PeGs contents of 26.9 and 23.8 mg g(-1)-DW were obtained after 21 days at the combinations of 87.6 mM sucrose with 164.7 mM mannitol (303 mOsm kg(-1)) or 20 mM PEG respectively, which was higher than that of C. deserticola cell cultures grown under an initial sucrose concentration of 175.3 mM after 30 days. The stimulated PeGs accumulation in the cell suspension cultures was correlated to the increase of phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) activity induced by osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Zhao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China.
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