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Enzymatic Synthesis of Ascorbyl Palmitate in a Rotating Bed Reactor. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020644. [PMID: 36677702 PMCID: PMC9864738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbyl palmitate, an ascorbic acid ester, is an important amphipathic antioxidant that has several applications in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The enzymatic synthesis of ascorbyl palmitate is very attractive, but few efforts have been made to address its process scale-up and implementation. This study aimed at evaluating the enzymatic synthesis of ascorbyl palmitate in a rotating basket reactor operated in sequential batches. Different commercial immobilized lipases were tested, and the most suitable reaction conditions were established. Among those lipases studied were Amano Lipase PS, Lipozyme® TL IM, Lipozyme® Novo 40086, Lipozyme® RM IM and Lipozyme® 435. Initially, the enzymes were screened based on previously defined synthesis conditions, showing clear differences in behavior. Lipozyme® 435 proved to be the best catalyst, reaching the highest values of initial reaction rate and yield. Therefore, it was selected for the following studies. Among the solvents assayed, 2-methyl-2-butanol and acetone showed the highest yields, but the operational stability of the catalyst was better in 2-methyl-2-butanol. The tests in a basket reactor showed great potential for large-scale application. Yields remained over 80% after four sequential batches, and the basket allowed for easy catalyst recycling. The results obtained in basket reactor are certainly a contribution to the enzymatic synthesis of ascorbyl palmitate as a competitive alternative to chemical synthesis. This may inspire future cost-effectiveness studies of the process to assess its potential as a viable alternative to be implemented.
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Mardani M, Badakné K, Farmani J, Shahidi F. Enzymatic lipophilization of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4977-4994. [PMID: 36419380 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2147268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Food products contain bioactive compounds such as phenolic and polyphenolic compounds and vitamins, resulting in a myriad of biological characteristics such as antimicrobial, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant activities. However, their application is often restricted because of their relatively low solubility and stability in emulsions and oil-based products. Therefore, chemical, enzymatic, or chemoenzymatic lipophilization of these compounds can be achieved by grafting a non-polar moiety onto their polar structures. Among different methods, enzymatic modification is considered environmentally friendly and may require only minor downstream processing and purification steps. In recent years, different systems have been suggested to design the synthetic reaction of these novel products. This review presents the new trends in this area by summarizing the essential enzymatic modifications in the last decade that led to the synthesis of bioactive compounds with attractive antioxidative properties for the food industry by emphasizing on optimization of the reaction conditions to maximize the production yields. Lastly, recent developments regarding characterization, potential applications, emerging research areas, and needs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mardani
- Department of Cereal and Industrial Plant Processing, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Badakné
- Department of Cereal and Industrial Plant Processing, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jamshid Farmani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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3
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Baek Y, Lee S, Son J, Lee T, Oh JM, Lee SH, Kim HU, Seo SW, Park SJ, Yoo HY, Park C. Efficient Production of Naringin Acetate with Different Acyl Donors via Enzymatic Transesterification by Lipases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052972. [PMID: 35270665 PMCID: PMC8910296 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Naringin, one of the citrus flavonoids and known as a natural antioxidant, has limited bioavailability owing to its low stability and solubility. However, naringin esters formed via acylation have recently been reported to possess improved physical and chemical properties. The development of these compounds has a great potential in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, but low conversion and productivity are barriers to industrial applications. This study aimed to improve the conversion of naringin acetate, which is formed via the enzymatic reaction between naringin and an acyl donor. An optimal reaction condition was determined by evaluating the effect of various variables (enzyme type, enzyme concentration, acyl donor, molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature, and solvent) on the synthesis of naringin acetate. The optimal condition was as follows: 3 g/L of Lipozyme TL IM, molar ratio of 1:5 (naringin:acyl donor), reaction temperature of 40 °C, and acetonitrile as the reaction solvent. Under this condition, the maximum conversion to naringin acetate from acetic anhydride and vinyl acetate was achieved at approximately 98.5% (8 h) and 97.5% (24 h), respectively. Compared to the previously reported values, a high conversion was achieved within a short time, confirming the commercial potential of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesol Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (Y.B.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Seungmee Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (Y.B.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Jemin Son
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (Y.B.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Taek Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (Y.B.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Jong-Min Oh
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea;
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea;
| | - Hyun Uk Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Sang Woo Seo
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Si Jae Park
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.J.P.); (H.Y.Y.); (C.P.)
| | - Hah Young Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (Y.B.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (T.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.J.P.); (H.Y.Y.); (C.P.)
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea; (Y.B.); (S.L.); (J.S.); (T.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.J.P.); (H.Y.Y.); (C.P.)
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Zhu S, Meng N, Chen S, Li Y. Study of acetylated EGCG synthesis by enzymatic transesterification in organic media. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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5
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Milivojević A, Ćorović M, Simović M, Banjanac K, Bezbradica D. Flavonoid esters synthesis using novel biocatalytic systems - CAL B immobilized onto LifeTech™ ECR supports. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Xin X, Zhang M, Li XF, Zhao G. Biocatalytic Synthesis of Lipophilic Baicalin Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11684-11693. [PMID: 31564105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic acylation is commonly used to increase the lipophilicity of flavonoids. However, the absence of primary hydroxyl groups makes it challenging to acylate baicalin using traditional acylation methods. In this study, an enzymatic esterification strategy was developed to introduce fatty-acid chains into baicalin at its carboxyl group, hence successfully synthesizing a new series of baicalin ester derivatives in nonaqueous media. Under the optimal reaction conditions, up to 95% conversion of baicalin was achieved. Antimicrobial evaluation of the baicalin ester derivatives indicated a corresponding increase to that of C log P values, with a cutoff effect at C log P = 5.2. Baicalin ester derivatives with C log P values of 4.9-5.2 exhibited the most potent antimicrobial activity. Interestingly, the introduction of medium-length fatty alcohol chains not only increased lipophilicity but also endowed them with membrane-disrupting properties. This study, therefore, provides an understanding of the esterification of flavonoid glycosides and a prospective application of the ester derivatives.
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An HJ, Lee Y, Liu L, Lee S, Lee JD, Yi Y. Physical and Chemical Stability of Formulations Loaded with Taxifolin Tetra-octanoate. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:985-991. [PMID: 31270295 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemically stable ester derivatives of taxifolin have become a focus of interest for their role in the satisfactory effects on human health. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical stability of different formulations containing 0.02% taxifolin tetra-octanoate, which was proved to possess higher inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity compared with taxifolin in a cell-free system. In the studies of physical stability, a Brookfield viscometer was used to determine rheological behavior of formulations containing taxifolin tetra-octanoate, and a portable pH meter was used to determine pH change. Moreover, chemical stability was determined by HPLC with UV detection. Formulations were evaluated for 12 weeks stored at 25 and 40°C. Results showed that storage time had no significant influence on viscosity of the formulations containing taxifolin tetra-octanoate, and pH value was relatively stable, which was within the limits of normal skin pH range. In the chemical stability studies, taxifolin tetra-octanoate in the essence formulation was most unstable at 40°C with about 81% degradation in 12 weeks of storage, however, the percentage of remaining taxifolin tetra-octanoate in cream formulation stored for 12 weeks at 25°C was the highest, about 93%. The results in this study may contribute to the development of more stable formulations containing taxifolin tetra-octanoate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yonghwa Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University
| | - Lichao Liu
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Seulbi Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University
| | | | - Yongsub Yi
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Hoseo University
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8
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Milivojević AD, Ćorović MM, Simović MB, Banjanac KM, Blagojević SN, Pjanović RV, Bezbradica DI. Novel Approach for Flavonoid Esters Production: Statistically Optimized Enzymatic Synthesis Using Natural Oils and Application in Cosmetics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b06113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stevan N. Blagojević
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Céliz G, Díaz R, Daz M. Obtaining hesperetin 7-O-glucosyl 6′′-O-laurate, a high lipophilic flavonoid ester, from Citrus waste. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Ning Y, Chen F, Xu X, Jin Y, Wang Z, Yang K, Jia Y. Biosynthesis of Neokestose Laurate Catalyzed by Candida antarctica Lipase B and Its Antimicrobial Activity against Food Pathogenic and Spoilage Bacteria. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:11092-11099. [PMID: 29185745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To increase the functionality and broaden the potential application of neokestose, neokestose laurate was biosynthesized using Candida antarctica lipase B as biocatalyst, for which a mixture of 20% DMSO in 2-methyl-2-butanol (v/v) was chosen as the reaction medium. The optimum conditions for biosynthesis were as follows: a molar ratio of vinyl laurate to neokestose of 12, a temperature of 50 °C, molecular sieves of 100 g/L, and enzyme loading of 10 g/L. Under the optimal conditions, the conversion rate was achieved over 80%. The synthesized chemical 6'-O-lauroylneokestose confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) exhibited good emulsification with critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 352 μM and broad antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus. Conclusively, 6'-O-lauroylneokestose was evidenced to be a dual-functional agent with emulsification and antibacterial activity, showing promising application potential in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Ning
- School of Biological Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, China
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Xueming Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Zhixin Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Biological Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology , Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Yingmin Jia
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University , Beijing 100048, China
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11
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Milivojević A, Ćorović M, Carević M, Banjanac K, Vujisić L, Veličković D, Bezbradica D. Highly efficient enzymatic acetylation of flavonoids: Development of solvent-free process and kinetic evaluation. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Sorboyl-Polydatin Prodrug in Biomass-Derived 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran and Antiradical Activity of the Unsaturated Acylated Derivatives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:4357052. [PMID: 27668253 PMCID: PMC5030401 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4357052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and highly regioselective synthesis of the potential 6′′-O-sorboyl-polydatin prodrug in biomass-derived 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) was achieved using Candida antarctica lipase B for the first time. Under the optimal conditions, the initial reaction rate, maximum substrate conversion, and 6′′-regioselectivity were as high as 8.65 mM/h, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Kinetic and operational stability investigations evidently demonstrated excellent enzyme compatibility of the 2-MeTHF compared to the traditional organic solvents. With respect to the antioxidant properties, three unsaturated ester derivatives showed slightly lower DPPH radical scavenging activities than the parent agent. Interestingly, further studies also revealed that the antiradical capacities of the acylates decreased with the elongation of the unsaturated aliphatic chain length from C4 to C11. The reason might be attributed to the increased steric hindrance derived from the acyl residues in derivatives.
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13
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Zafar S, Ahmed R, Khan R. Biotransformation: a green and efficient way of antioxidant synthesis. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:939-48. [PMID: 27383446 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1209745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidant compounds play a vital role in human physiology. They prevent the oxidation of biomolecules by scavenging free radicals produced during physiochemical processes and/or as a result of several pathological states. A balance between the reactive oxygen species (free radicals) and antioxidants is essential for proper physiological conditions. Excessive free radicals cause oxidative stress which can lead to several human diseases. Therefore, synthesis of the effective antioxidants is crucial in managing the oxidative stress. Biotransformation has evolved as an effective technique for the production of structurally diverse molecules with a wide range of biological activities. This methodology surpasses the conventional chemical synthesis due to the fact that enzymes, being specific in nature, catalyze reactions affording products with excellent regio- and stereoselectivities. Structural transformation of various classes of compounds such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, and terpenes has been carried out through this technique. Several bioactive molecules, especially those having antioxidant potential have also been synthesized by using different biotransformation techniques and enzymes. Hydroxylated, glycosylated, and acylated derivatives of phenols, flavonoids, cinnamates, and other molecules have proven abilities as potential antioxidants. A critical review of the biotransformation of these compounds into potent antioxidant metabolites is presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Zafar
- a Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Rida Ahmed
- b Department of Basic Sciences , DHA Suffa University, DG-78, Off Khayaban-e-Tufail, Phase VII Ext. Defence Housing Authority , Karachi , Pakistan
| | - Rasool Khan
- a Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
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Hattori H, Tsutsuki H, Nakazawa M, Ueda M, Ihara H, Sakamoto T. Naringin lauroyl ester inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of nuclear factor κB signaling in macrophages. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:1403-9. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1156477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Naringin (Nar) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It was recently reported that enzymatic modification of Nar enhanced its functions. Here, we acylated Nar with fatty acids of different sizes (C2–C18) using immobilized lipase from Rhizomucor miehei and investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of these molecules. Treatment of murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells with Nar alkyl esters inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, with Nar lauroyl ester (Nar-C12) showing the strongest effect. Furthermore, Nar-C12 suppressed the LPS-induced expression of inducible NO synthase by blocking the phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)-κB-α as well as the nuclear translocation of NF-κB subunit p65 in macrophage cells. Analysis of Nar-C12 uptake in macrophage cells revealed that Nar-C12 ester bond was partially degraded in the cell membrane and free Nar was translocated to the cytosol. These results indicate that Nar released from Nar-C12 exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Hattori
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Tsutsuki
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Masami Nakazawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Sakamoto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
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15
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Liu D, Cai S, Luan F, Wang Q. Synthesis of long chain fatty acids acylated coumarin glycoside esters with lipase as catalyst. Chem Res Chin Univ 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-015-5048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Liu L, Pang M, Zhang Y. Lipase-catalyzed regioselective synthesis of flavone C-glucosides esters and high-efficiency oil-soluble antioxidant of bamboo leaves (eAOB-o). EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Meirong Pang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition; School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang, P. R. China
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Ibarguren C, Céliz G, Díaz AS, Bertuzzi MA, Daz M, Audisio MC. Gelatine based films added with bacteriocins and a flavonoid ester active against food-borne pathogens. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Wang Z, Hwang SH, Lim SS. Lipophilization of phenolic acids with phytosterols by a chemoenzymatic method to improve their antioxidant activities. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Aging and HealthCare; Hallym University; Chuncheon Gangwon-do Korea
- Institute of Korean Nutrition; Hallym University Medical School; Chuncheon Gangwon-do Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Aging and HealthCare; Hallym University; Chuncheon Gangwon-do Korea
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Center for Aging and HealthCare; Hallym University; Chuncheon Gangwon-do Korea
- Institute of Korean Nutrition; Hallym University Medical School; Chuncheon Gangwon-do Korea
- Institute of Natural Medicine; Hallym University Medical School; Chuncheon Gangwon-do Korea
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19
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Wang Z, Hwang SH, Lim SS. Chemoenzymatically synthesized policosanyl phenolates as autoxidation inhibitors. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonGangwon‐doKorea
- Institute of Natural MedicineHallym UniversityChuncheonGangwon‐doKorea
| | - Seung Hwan Hwang
- Department of Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonGangwon‐doKorea
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonGangwon‐doKorea
- Institute of Natural MedicineHallym UniversityChuncheonGangwon‐doKorea
- Department of Center for Aging and Health CareHallym UniversityChuncheonGangwon‐doKorea
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20
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Liu L, Jin C, Zhang Y. Lipophilic phenolic compounds (Lipo-PCs): emerging antioxidants applied in lipid systems. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44792h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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21
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Optimization of lipase-catalyzed synthesis of acetylated EGCG by response surface methodology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Prunin- and hesperetin glucoside-alkyl (C4–C18) esters interaction with Jurkat cells plasma membrane: Consequences on membrane physical properties and antioxidant capacity. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 55:411-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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23
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Gupta A, Kagliwal LD, Singhal RS. Biotransformation of polyphenols for improved bioavailability and processing stability. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2013; 69:183-217. [PMID: 23522797 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-410540-9.00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Research on the functions and effects of polyphenols has gained considerable momentum in recent times. This is attributed to their bioactivities, ranging from antioxidant to anticancer activities. But their potential is seldom fully realized since their solubility and stability is quite low and their bioavailability is hampered due to extensive metabolism in the body. Biotransformation of polyphenols using enzymes, whole cell microbes, or plant cell cultures may provide an effective solution by modifying their structure while maintaining their original bioactivity. Lipase, protease, cellulase, and transferases are commonly used enzymes, with lipase being the most popular for carrying out acylation reactions. Among the whole cell microbes, Aspergillus, Bacillus, and Streptomyces sp. are the most widely used, while Eucalyptus perriniana and Capsicum frutescens are the plant cell cultures used for the production of secondary metabolites. This chapter emphasizes the development of green solvents and identification of different sources/approaches to maximize polyphenol transformation for varied applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Gupta
- Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, India
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Kinetic study of the alkyl flavonoid ester prunin 6″-O-laurate synthesis in acetone catalysed by immobilised Candida antarctica lipase B. Biochem Eng J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Salas MP, Reynoso CM, Céliz G, Daz M, Resnik SL. Efficacy of flavanones obtained from citrus residues to prevent patulin contamination. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Lipophilization of flavonoids for their food, therapeutic and cosmetic applications. ACTA CHIMICA SLOVACA 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/v10188-012-0010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Lipophilization of flavonoids for their food, therapeutic and cosmetic applicationsFlavonoids represent large group of plant pigments. These polyphenolic compounds may be found in the nature as active components of fruits, vegetables and other plants and derived products. Due to established biological effects they are attractive substances for many areas of human life. Many flavonoids are nowadays used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food preparations. Their practical applications are in most cases limited by low solubility and stability in lipophilic media. Chemical or enzymatic lipophilization of flavonoid skeleton may not only increase their solubility and stability in lipophilic environment but also their biological properties. This review summarizes current knowledge in this field.
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Rather MY, Mishra S, Verma V, Chand S. Biotransformation of methyl-β-D-glucopyranoside to higher chain alkyl glucosides by cell bound β-glucosidase of Pichia etchellsii. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 107:287-294. [PMID: 22225608 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we have investigated the use of Pichia etchellsii whole cells for synthesis of long-chain alkyl glucosides. Methyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (MG) was used in reaction with fatty alcohols, n-hexanol, n-octanol, n-decanol and n-dodecanol to synthesize the respective alkyl glucosides. The initial reaction conditions were first optimized at 2.5 ml scale for synthesis of octyl glucoside (OG) and were 8% water content, 100mM MG and 6h of reaction time and this resulted in ≈ 53% yield. A maximum transglucosylation/hydrolysis ratio of 2.79 was obtained at 100mM MG favoring high product yield. Based on the optimized conditions, a reactor was operated at 50 ml level which resulted in ≈ 60% conversion of MG to OG. A simple high performance liquid chromatography method was developed for quantitation of higher chain glucosides using a refractive index detector. A maximum of 27% and 13% yield was obtained for decyl-, and dodecyl-β-d-glucopyranoside, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Younis Rather
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz-Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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28
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Céliz G, Daz M, Audisio MC. Antibacterial activity of naringin derivatives against pathogenic strains. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 111:731-8. [PMID: 21672094 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To study the antimicrobial activity of naringin (NAR), a flavonoid extracted from citrus industry waste, and NAR derivatives [naringenin (NGE), prunin and alkyl prunin esters] against pathogenic bacteria such as L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7 and S. aureus. The relationship between the structure of the chemical compounds and their antagonistic effect was also analysed. METHODS AND RESULTS The agar dilution technique and direct contact assaying were applied. NGE, prunin and NAR showed no antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 0.25 mmol l(-1). Similarly, fatty acids with a chain length between C2 and C18 showed no antimicrobial activity at the same concentration. However, prunin-6″-O-acyl esters presented high antibacterial activity, mainly against Gram-positive strains. This activity increased with increasing chain length (up to 10-12 carbon atoms). Alkyl prunin esters with 10-12 carbon atoms diminished viability of L. monocytogenes by about 3 log orders and S. aureus by 6 log orders after 2 h of contact at 37°C and at a concentration of 0.25 mmol l(-1). The compounds examined were not effective against any of the Gram-negative strains assayed, even at the highest concentration. CONCLUSIONS Addition of sugars to the aglycone did not enhance its antimicrobial activity. Attachment of a saturated aliphatic chain with 10-12 carbon atoms to the A ring of the flavonoid (or to sugars attached to this ring), seems to be the most promising modification. In conclusion, alkyl prunin esters with a chain length of C10-C12 have promising features as antimicrobial agents because of their high antilisterial and antistaphylococcal activity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study shows that it is possible to obtain NAR derivatives with important antimicrobial activity, especially against Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. It also provides guidelines on the structural modifications in similar molecules to enhance the antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Céliz
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
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