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Zhou R, Zhang L, Zeng B, Zhou Y, Jin W, Zhang G. A novel self-purified auxiliary protein enhances the lichenase activity towards lichenan for biomass degradation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12608-y. [PMID: 37272940 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complex composition of lichenan, lichenase alone cannot always hydrolyze it efficiently. Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) have been confirmed to increase the hydrolysis efficiency of lichenases. However, their practical application was hampered by the complex and costly preparation procedure, as well as the poor stability of LPMOs. Herein, we discovered a novel and stable auxiliary protein named SCE to boost the hydrolysis efficiency. SCE was composed of SpyCatcher (SC) and elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) and could be easily and cheaply prepared. Under the optimal conditions, the boosting degree for SCE/lichenase was 1.45, and the reducing sugar yield improved by nearly 45%. The results of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) indicated that SCE had no influence on the hydrolysis pattern of lichenase. Through the experimental verification and bioinformatics analysis, we proposed the role of SCE in promoting the interaction between the lichenase and substrates. These findings endow SC with a novel function in binding to insoluble lichenan, paving the way for biomass degradation and biorefinery. KEY POINTS: • A novel self-purification auxiliary protein that could boost the hydrolysis efficiency of lichenase has been identified. • The protein is highly produced, simple to prepare, well stable, and does not require any external electron donor. • The novel function of SpyCatcher in binding to insoluble lichenan was first demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhi Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zeng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Jin
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangya Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Singhal S, Agarwal S, Singhal N. Chemical recycling of waste clothes: a smarter approach to sustainable development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54448-54469. [PMID: 36973625 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Amount of fabric waste has increased many folds in the past few years due to increasing population and rapidly changing fashiosn trends. Its larger portion being dumped in the landfills is creating a lot of problem in its management. This is causing problems to environmental components of earth, viz., air, water, and land. Chemically, cotton-based fabrics are made up of mainly cellulose with small components of other chemicals and contribute to a big segment of overall textiles. Along with donating the cloths for various purposes, scientific solutions are also feasible for valorizing waste fabrics to value-added products. This review article focuses on important strategies for addressing fabric waste for their possible conversion to significant products of varied applications. It emphasizes on chemical routes suitable for this purpose for producing cellulose, sugar, composites, etc. This will provide an insight to the readers for understanding the chemical significance of waste fabric and exploring the best possible ways for its efficient management, ensuring a step ahead towards sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailey Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster of Applied Science, School of Engineering, UPES, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, 248007, Dehradun, India
| | - Shilpi Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster of Applied Science, School of Engineering, UPES, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, 248007, Dehradun, India.
| | - Naveen Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, DIT University, Dehradun, 248009, Uttarakhand, India
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Characterization of a New Glucose-Tolerant GH1 β-Glycosidase from Aspergillus fumigatus with Transglycosylation Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054489. [PMID: 36901919 PMCID: PMC10003650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Concern over environmental impacts has spurred many efforts to replace fossil fuels with biofuels such as ethanol. However, for this to be possible, it is necessary to invest in other production technologies, such as second generation (2G) ethanol, in order to raise the levels of this product and meet the growing demand. Currently, this type of production is not yet economically feasible, due to the high costs of the enzyme cocktails used in saccharification stage of lignocellulosic biomass. In order to optimize these cocktails, the search for enzymes with superior activities has been the goal of several research groups. For this end, we have characterized the new β-glycosidase AfBgl1.3 from A. fumigatus after expression and purification in Pichia pastoris X-33. Structural analysis by circular dichroism revealed that increasing temperature destructured the enzyme; the apparent Tm value was 48.5 °C. The percentages of α-helix (36.3%) and β-sheet (12.4%) secondary structures at 25 °C were predicted. Biochemical characterization suggested that the optimal conditions for AfBgl1.3 were pH 6.0 and temperature of 40 °C. At 30 and 40 °C, the enzyme was stable and retained about 90% and 50% of its activity, respectively, after pre-incubation for 24 h. In addition, the enzyme was highly stable at pH between 5 and 8, retaining over 65% of its activity after pre-incubation for 48 h. AfBgl1.3 co-stimulation with 50-250 mM glucose enhanced its specific activity by 1.4-fold and revealed its high tolerance to glucose (IC50 = 2042 mM). The enzyme was active toward the substrates salicin (495.0 ± 49.0 U mg-1), pNPG (340.5 ± 18.6 U mg-1), cellobiose (89.3 ± 5.1 U mg-1), and lactose (45.1 ± 0.5 U mg-1), so it had broad specificity. The Vmax values were 656.0 ± 17.5, 706.5 ± 23.8, and 132.6 ± 7.1 U mg-1 toward p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG), D-(-)-salicin, and cellobiose, respectively. AfBgl1.3 displayed transglycosylation activity, forming cellotriose from cellobiose. The addition of AfBgl1.3 as a supplement at 0.9 FPU/g of cocktail Celluclast® 1.5L increased carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) conversion to reducing sugars (g L-1) by about 26% after 12 h. Moreover, AfBgl1.3 acted synergistically with other Aspergillus fumigatus cellulases already characterized by our research group-CMC and sugarcane delignified bagasse were degraded, releasing more reducing sugars compared to the control. These results are important in the search for new cellulases and in the optimization of enzyme cocktails for saccharification.
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Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass-Challenges and Solutions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248717. [PMID: 36557852 PMCID: PMC9785513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regarding the limited resources for fossil fuels and increasing global energy demands, greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change, there is a need to find alternative energy sources that are sustainable, environmentally friendly, renewable, and economically viable. In the last several decades, interest in second-generation bioethanol production from non-food lignocellulosic biomass in the form of organic residues rapidly increased because of its abundance, renewability, and low cost. Bioethanol production fits into the strategy of a circular economy and zero waste plans, and using ethanol as an alternative fuel gives the world economy a chance to become independent of the petrochemical industry, providing energy security and environmental safety. However, the conversion of biomass into ethanol is a challenging and multi-stage process because of the variation in the biochemical composition of biomass and the recalcitrance of lignin, the aromatic component of lignocellulose. Therefore, the commercial production of cellulosic ethanol has not yet become well-received commercially, being hampered by high research and production costs, and substantial effort is needed to make it more widespread and profitable. This review summarises the state of the art in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass, highlights the most challenging steps of the process, including pretreatment stages required to fragment biomass components and further enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation, presents the most recent technological advances to overcome the challenges and high costs, and discusses future perspectives of second-generation biorefineries.
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Getting Value from Pulp and Paper Industry Wastes: On the Way to Sustainability and Circular Economy. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15114105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry is recognized as a well-established sector, which throughout its process, generates a vast amount of waste streams with the capacity to be valorized. Typically, these residues are burned for energy purposes, but their use as substrates for biological processes could be a more efficient and sustainable alternative. With this aim, it is essential to identify and characterize each type of waste to determine its biotechnological potential. In this context, this research highlights possible alternatives with lower environmental impact and higher revenues. The bio-based pathway should be a promising alternative for the valorization of pulp and paper industry wastes, in particular for bioproduct production such as bioethanol, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and biogas. This article focuses on state of the art regarding the identification and characterization of these wastes, their main applied deconstruction technologies and the valorization pathways reported for the production of the abovementioned bioproducts.
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Sherpa KC, Kundu D, Banerjee S, Ghangrekar MM, Banerjee R. An integrated biorefinery approach for bioethanol production from sugarcane tops. JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Singhania RR, Patel AK, Singh A, Haldar D, Soam S, Chen CW, Tsai ML, Dong CD. Consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulosic biomass: Technological advances and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 354:127153. [PMID: 35421566 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) is characterized by a single-step production of value-added compounds directly from biomass in a single vessel. This strategy has the capacity to revolutionize the whole biorefinery concept as it can significantly reduce the infrastructure input and use of chemicals for various processing steps which can make it economically and environmentally benign. Although the proof of concept has been firmly established in the past, commercialization has been limited due to the low conversion efficiency of the technology. Either a native single microbe, genetically modified microbe or a consortium can be employed. The major challenge in developing a cost-effective and feasible CBP process is the recognition of bifunctional catalysts combining the capability to use the substrates and transform them into value-added products with high efficiency. This article presents an in-depth analysis of the current developments in CBP around the globe and the possibilities of advancements in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeta Rani Singhania
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India
| | - Anusuiya Singh
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Dibyajyoti Haldar
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641114, India
| | - Shveta Soam
- Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Tsai
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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Arnthong J, Ponjarat J, Bussadee P, Deenarn P, Prommana P, Phienluphon A, Charoensri S, Champreda V, Zhao XQ, Suwannarangsee S. Enhanced surface display efficiency of β-glucosidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by disruption of cell wall protein-encoding genes YGP1 and CWP2. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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9
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Zhu C, Jiang H, Chen Q. Rapid determination of process parameters during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of cassava based on molecular spectral fusion (MSF) features. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120245. [PMID: 34364037 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of cassava is one of the key steps in the production of fuel ethanol. In order to improve the monitoring efficiency of the ethanol production process and the product yield, this study puts forward a new idea for monitoring of the cassava SSF process based on the molecular spectroscopy fusion (MSF) technique. Savisky-Golay (SG) combined with standard normal variable (SNV) was used to preprocess the obtained Raman spectra and near-infrared (NIR) spectra. Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) was used to optimize the characteristic wavelengths of the preprocessed Raman spectra and the NIR spectra, and the optimized features were fused in the feature layer. The support vector machine (SVM) model of the process parameters during the cassava SSF based on the MSF features was established. The experimental results showed that compared with the best CARS-SVM model based on the single-molecule spectral features, the performance of the best CARS-SVM model based on fusion features has been significantly improved. For detection of the glucose content, the RMSEP, RP2 and RPD of the best CARS-SVM model were 5.398, 0.957 and 4.922, respectively. For detection of the ethanol content, the RMSEP, RP2 and RPD of the best CARS-SVM model were 4.394, 0.977 and 6.758, respectively. The obtained results reveal that the combination of MSF technique and appropriate chemometric methods can achieve high-precision quantitative detection of the process parameters during the cassava SSF. This study can provide technical basis and experimental reference for the development of portable spectrometer equipment for process monitoring of the cassava SSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun Zhu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, PR China
| | - Hui Jiang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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Cagnin L, Gronchi N, Basaglia M, Favaro L, Casella S. Selection of Superior Yeast Strains for the Fermentation of Lignocellulosic Steam-Exploded Residues. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:756032. [PMID: 34803979 PMCID: PMC8601721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.756032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of lignocellulosic ethanol calls for a robust fermentative yeast able to tolerate a wide range of toxic molecules that occur in the pre-treated lignocellulose. The concentration of inhibitors varies according to the composition of the lignocellulosic material and the harshness of the pre-treatment used. It follows that the versatility of the yeast should be considered when selecting a robust strain. This work aimed at the validation of seven natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, previously selected for their industrial fitness, for their application in the production of lignocellulosic bioethanol. Their inhibitor resistance and fermentative performances were compared to those of the benchmark industrial yeast S. cerevisiae Ethanol Red, currently utilized in the second-generation ethanol plants. The yeast strains were characterized for their tolerance using a synthetic inhibitor mixture formulated with increasing concentrations of weak acids and furans, as well as steam-exploded lignocellulosic pre-hydrolysates, generally containing the same inhibitors. The eight non-diluted liquors have been adopted to assess yeast ability to withstand bioethanol industrial conditions. The most tolerant S. cerevisiae Fm17 strain, together with the reference Ethanol Red, was evaluated for fermentative performances in two pre-hydrolysates obtained from cardoon and common reed, chosen for their large inhibitor concentrations. S. cerevisiae Fm17 outperformed the industrial strain Ethanol Red, producing up to 18 and 39 g/L ethanol from cardoon and common reed, respectively, with ethanol yields always higher than those of the benchmark strain. This natural strain exhibits great potential to be used as superior yeast in the lignocellulosic ethanol plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cagnin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Gronchi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marina Basaglia
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Favaro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Sergio Casella
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
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Damayanti D, Wulandari LA, Bagaskoro A, Rianjanu A, Wu HS. Possibility Routes for Textile Recycling Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3834. [PMID: 34771390 PMCID: PMC8588244 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The fashion industry contributes to a significant environmental issue due to the increasing production and needs of the industry. The proactive efforts toward developing a more sustainable process via textile recycling has become the preferable solution. This urgent and important need to develop cheap and efficient recycling methods for textile waste has led to the research community's development of various recycling methods. The textile waste recycling process can be categorized into chemical and mechanical recycling methods. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art regarding different types of textile recycling technologies along with their current challenges and limitations. The critical parameters determining recycling performance are summarized and discussed and focus on the current challenges in mechanical and chemical recycling (pyrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrothermal, ammonolysis, and glycolysis). Textile waste has been demonstrated to be re-spun into yarn (re-woven or knitted) by spinning carded yarn and mixed shoddy through mechanical recycling. On the other hand, it is difficult to recycle some textiles by means of enzymatic hydrolysis; high product yield has been shown under mild temperatures. Furthermore, the emergence of existing technology such as the internet of things (IoT) being implemented to enable efficient textile waste sorting and identification is also discussed. Moreover, we provide an outlook as to upcoming technological developments that will contribute to facilitating the circular economy, allowing for a more sustainable textile recycling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damayanti Damayanti
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia; (L.A.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Latasya Adelia Wulandari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia; (L.A.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Adhanto Bagaskoro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia; (L.A.W.); (A.B.)
| | - Aditya Rianjanu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jl. Terusan Ryacudu, Way Huwi, Kec. Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia;
| | - Ho-Shing Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan;
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12
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Hoffman SM, Alvarez M, Alfassi G, Rein DM, Garcia-Echauri S, Cohen Y, Avalos JL. Cellulosic biofuel production using emulsified simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (eSSF) with conventional and thermotolerant yeasts. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:157. [PMID: 34274018 PMCID: PMC8285809 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Future expansion of corn-derived ethanol raises concerns of sustainability and competition with the food industry. Therefore, cellulosic biofuels derived from agricultural waste and dedicated energy crops are necessary. To date, slow and incomplete saccharification as well as high enzyme costs have hindered the economic viability of cellulosic biofuels, and while approaches like simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and the use of thermotolerant microorganisms can enhance production, further improvements are needed. Cellulosic emulsions have been shown to enhance saccharification by increasing enzyme contact with cellulose fibers. In this study, we use these emulsions to develop an emulsified SSF (eSSF) process for rapid and efficient cellulosic biofuel production and make a direct three-way comparison of ethanol production between S. cerevisiae, O. polymorpha, and K. marxianus in glucose and cellulosic media at different temperatures. RESULTS In this work, we show that cellulosic emulsions hydrolyze rapidly at temperatures tolerable to yeast, reaching up to 40-fold higher conversion in the first hour compared to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). To evaluate suitable conditions for the eSSF process, we explored the upper temperature limits for the thermotolerant yeasts Kluyveromyces marxianus and Ogataea polymorpha, as well as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and observed robust fermentation at up to 46, 50, and 42 °C for each yeast, respectively. We show that the eSSF process reaches high ethanol titers in short processing times, and produces close to theoretical yields at temperatures as low as 30 °C. Finally, we demonstrate the transferability of the eSSF technology to other products by producing the advanced biofuel isobutanol in a light-controlled eSSF using optogenetic regulators, resulting in up to fourfold higher titers relative to MCC SSF. CONCLUSIONS The eSSF process addresses the main challenges of cellulosic biofuel production by increasing saccharification rate at temperatures tolerable to yeast. The rapid hydrolysis of these emulsions at low temperatures permits fermentation using non-thermotolerant yeasts, short processing times, low enzyme loads, and makes it possible to extend the process to chemicals other than ethanol, such as isobutanol. This transferability establishes the eSSF process as a platform for the sustainable production of biofuels and chemicals as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Hoffman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hoyt Laboratory, Princeton University, 101 Hoyt Laboratory, William Street, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Maria Alvarez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hoyt Laboratory, Princeton University, 101 Hoyt Laboratory, William Street, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Gilad Alfassi
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, ORT Braude College, Karmiel, Israel
| | - Dmitry M Rein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sergio Garcia-Echauri
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hoyt Laboratory, Princeton University, 101 Hoyt Laboratory, William Street, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Yachin Cohen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - José L Avalos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hoyt Laboratory, Princeton University, 101 Hoyt Laboratory, William Street, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
- The Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
- Princeton Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
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13
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Efficient bioethanol production from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) sap by a newly isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae X19G2. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Strategies towards Reduction of Cellulases Consumption: Debottlenecking the Economics of Lignocellulosics Valorization Processes. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides2020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic residues have been receiving growing interest as a promising source of polysaccharides, which can be converted into a variety of compounds, ranging from biofuels to bioplastics. Most of these can replace equivalent products traditionally originated from petroleum, hence representing an important environmental advantage. Lignocellulosic materials are theoretically unlimited, cheaper and may not compete with food crops. However, the conversion of these materials to simpler sugars usually requires cellulolytic enzymes. Being still associated with a high cost of production, cellulases are commonly considered as one of the main obstacles in the economic valorization of lignocellulosics. This work provides a brief overview of some of the most studied strategies that can allow an important reduction of cellulases consumption, hence improving the economy of lignocellulosics conversion. Cellulases recycling is initially discussed regarding the main processes to recover active enzymes and the most important factors that may affect enzyme recyclability. Similarly, the potential of enzyme immobilization is analyzed with a special focus on the contributions that some elements of the process can offer for prolonged times of operation and improved enzyme stability and robustness. Finally, the emergent concept of consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) is also described in the particular context of a potential reduction of cellulases consumption.
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Gutmann F, Jann C, Pereira F, Johansson A, Steinmetz LM, Patil KR. CRISPRi screens reveal genes modulating yeast growth in lignocellulose hydrolysate. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:41. [PMID: 33568224 PMCID: PMC7874482 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baker's yeast is a widely used eukaryotic cell factory, producing a diverse range of compounds including biofuels and fine chemicals. The use of lignocellulose as feedstock offers the opportunity to run these processes in an environmentally sustainable way. However, the required hydrolysis pretreatment of lignocellulosic material releases toxic compounds that hamper yeast growth and consequently productivity. RESULTS Here, we employ CRISPR interference in S. cerevisiae to identify genes modulating fermentative growth in plant hydrolysate and in presence of lignocellulosic toxins. We find that at least one-third of hydrolysate-associated gene functions are explained by effects of known toxic compounds, such as the decreased growth of YAP1 or HAA1, or increased growth of DOT6 knock-down strains in hydrolysate. CONCLUSION Our study confirms previously known genetic elements and uncovers new targets towards designing more robust yeast strains for the utilization of lignocellulose hydrolysate as sustainable feedstock, and, more broadly, paves the way for applying CRISPRi screens to improve industrial fermentation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Gutmann
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Cell Biology Unit, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cosimo Jann
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Filipa Pereira
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Cell Biology Unit, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Johansson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lars M Steinmetz
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Kiran R Patil
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Cell Biology Unit, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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16
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Cellulosic Ethanol: Improving Cost Efficiency by Coupling Semi-Continuous Fermentation and Simultaneous Saccharification Strategies. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8111459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel approach to improve ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse is proposed. Biomass was pretreated with sodium hydroxide, sulfuric, oxalic, and maleic acids (1% w/v) at different temperatures (130–170 °C) and times (10–30 min). The pretreatment with NaOH at 160 °C for 20 min was found to be the most efficient for further enzymatic saccharification. A semi-continuous fermentation system coupled with a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation strategy was used, attaining fermented liquor every 24 h. The amount of enzymes needed for saccharification was optimized, as well as the production time and ethanol concentration. The process occurred with near to complete depletion of glucose, obtaining ethanol concentrations ranging from 8.36 to 10.79% (v/v). The whole system, at bench scale, showed stability over 30 days, and ease of management and control. This strategy may improve cost efficiency in the production of cellulosic ethanol at industrial scale.
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Sharma B, Larroche C, Dussap CG. Comprehensive assessment of 2G bioethanol production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123630. [PMID: 32561105 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The advancements in second-generation bioethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass, such as crops residues, woody crops or energy grasses are gaining momentum. Though, they are still representing less than 3% of total bioethanol production, the GHG reduction potential is higher than for 1G-bioethanol. The environmental impacts of bioethanol production are totally dependent on feedstock availability and conversion technology. The biochemical conversion route must overcome several technological and economical challenges such as pre-treatment, fermentation, hydrolysis process and separation. A completely mature technology is still to be developed and must adapted to the nature of the feedstock. Nevertheless, using process simulation software, Life Cycle Assessment and integrating the different steps of bioresource harvesting and treatment processes, including the energy balances and the water requirements, it is shown that 2G bioethanol production will reduce environmental impacts provided the evaluation addresses a long-time perspective, including all conversion steps and the regeneration of the bioresource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Sharma
- Institut Pascal, UMR Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, 4 avenue Blaise Pascal, BP 206, 63178 Aubière cedex, France
| | - Christian Larroche
- Institut Pascal, UMR Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, 4 avenue Blaise Pascal, BP 206, 63178 Aubière cedex, France
| | - Claude-Gilles Dussap
- Institut Pascal, UMR Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, 4 avenue Blaise Pascal, BP 206, 63178 Aubière cedex, France.
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18
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Chen H, Li J, Wan C, Fang Q, Bai F, Zhao X. Improvement of inhibitor tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by overexpression of the quinone oxidoreductase family gene YCR102C. FEMS Yeast Res 2020; 19:5543220. [PMID: 31374572 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foz055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used for lignocellulosic biorefinery. However, its fermentation efficiency is challenged by various inhibitors (e.g. weak acids, furfural) in the lignocellulosic hydrolysate, and acetic acid is commonly present as a major inhibitor. The effects of oxidoreductases on the inhibitor tolerance of S. cerevisiae have mainly focused on furfural and vanillin, whereas the influence of quinone oxidoreductase on acetic acid tolerance is still unknown. In this study, we show that overexpression of a quinone oxidoreductase-encoding gene, YCR102C, in S. cerevisiae, significantly enhanced ethanol production under acetic acid stress as well as in the inhibitor mixture, and also improved resistance to simultaneous stress of 40°C and 3.6 g/L acetic acid. Increased catalase activities, NADH/NAD+ ratio and contents of several metals, especially potassium, were observed by YCR102C overexpression under acetic acid stress. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the quinone oxidoreductase family protein is related to acid stress tolerance. Our study provides a novel strategy to increase lignocellulosic biorefinery efficiency using yeast cell factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqi Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chun Wan
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing Fang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fengwu Bai
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinqing Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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19
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Enzymatic degradation of algal 1,3-xylan: from synergism of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases with β-1,3-xylanases to their intelligent immobilization on biomimetic silica nanoparticles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:5347-5360. [PMID: 32318768 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10624-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) with synergistic effect on polysaccharide hydrolase represent a revolution in biotechnology, which may accelerate the conversion of biomass to the second-generation biofuels. Discovering more hydrolases that have synergism with LPMOs will considerably expand the knowledge and application of biomass degradation. The LPMOs named CgAA9 were verified to exhibit 1.52-fold synergism when incubated with β-1,3-xylanase at a molar ratio of 3:1. The ion chromatography results proved that CgAA9 did not alter the endogenous hydrolysis mode of β-1,3-xylanase. Meanwhile, to decrease the operational cost of enzymes, a novel strategy for immobilizing LPMOs and β-1,3-xylanases based on the biomimetic silica nanoparticles was developed. It enabled preparation of immobilized enzymes directly from the cell lysate. The immobilization efficiency and activity recovery reached 84.6 and 81.4%. They showed excellent reusability for 12 cycles by retaining 68% of initial activity. The optimum temperature for both free and immobilized biocatalyst were 40 and 37 °C, indicating they were ideal candidates for typical simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) in ethanol production from algea biomass. This was the first report on the synergy between LPMOs and β-1,3-xylanase, and the strategy for enzyme self-immobilization was simple, timesaving, and efficient, which might have great potentials in algae biomass hydrolysis. KEY POINTS: • The lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) from Chaetomium globosum were firstly verified to boost the hydrolysis of β-1,3-xylanases for β-1,3-xylan. • A novel strategy for simple preparation of SpyCather-modifed silica nanopartilcles and intelligent immobilization of target enzymes from the cell lysate was proposed. • The immobilized LPMOs and β-1,3-xylanases could be reasonable alternatives for typical simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) in manipulation of algae biomass.
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20
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Ndukwe JK, Aliyu GO, Onwosi CO, Chukwu KO, Ezugworie FN. Mechanisms of weak acid-induced stress tolerance in yeasts: Prospects for improved bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Bioethanol production from microalgae polysaccharides. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 64:627-644. [PMID: 31352666 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-019-00732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide growing demand for energy permanently increases the pressure on industrial and scientific community to introduce new alternative biofuels on the global energy market. Besides the leading role of biodiesel and biogas, bioethanol receives more and more attention as first- and second-generation biofuel in the sustainable energy industry. Lately, microalgae (green algae and cyanobacteria) biomass has also remarkable potential as a feedstock for the third-generation biofuel production due to their high lipid and carbohydrate content. The third-generation bioethanol production technology can be divided into three major processing ways: (i) fermentation of pre-treated microalgae biomass, (ii) dark fermentation of reserved carbohydrates and (iii) direct "photo-fermentation" from carbon dioxide to bioethanol using light energy. All three technologies provide possible solutions, but from a practical point of view, traditional fermentation technology from microalgae biomass receives currently the most attention. This study mainly focusses on the latest advances in traditional fermentation processes including the steps of enhanced carbohydrate accumulation, biomass pre-treatment, starch and glycogen downstream processing and various fermentation approaches.
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22
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Sakihama Y, Hidese R, Hasunuma T, Kondo A. Increased flux in acetyl-CoA synthetic pathway and TCA cycle of Kluyveromyces marxianus under respiratory conditions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5319. [PMID: 30926897 PMCID: PMC6440987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41863-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeasts are extremely useful, not only for fermentation but also for a wide spectrum of fuel and chemical productions. We analyzed the overall metabolic turnover and transcript dynamics in glycolysis and the TCA cycle, revealing the difference in adaptive pyruvate metabolic response between a Crabtree-negative species, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and a Crabtree-positive species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, during aerobic growth. Pyruvate metabolism was inclined toward ethanol production under aerobic conditions in S. cerevisiae, while increased transcript abundances of the genes involved in ethanol metabolism and those encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase were seen in K. marxianus, indicating the augmentation of acetyl-CoA synthesis. Furthermore, different metabolic turnover in the TCA cycle was observed in the two species: malate and fumarate production in S. cerevisiae was higher than in K. marxianus, irrespective of aeration; however, fluxes of both the reductive and oxidative TCA cycles were enhanced in K. marxianus by aeration, implying both the cycles contribute to efficient electron flux without producing ethanol. Additionally, decreased hexokinase activity under aerobic conditions is expected to be important for maintenance of suitable carbon flux. These findings demonstrate differences in the key metabolic trait of yeasts employing respiration or fermentation, and provide important insight into the metabolic engineering of yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Sakihama
- Graduate School of Innovation, Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Ryota Hidese
- Graduate School of Innovation, Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Graduate School of Innovation, Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Innovation, Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
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23
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Zhao M, Shi D, Lu X, Zong H, Zhuge B, Ji H. Ethanol fermentation from non-detoxified lignocellulose hydrolysate by a multi-stress tolerant yeast Candida glycerinogenes mutant. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 273:634-640. [PMID: 30502643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study ethanol fermentation properties of the robust mutant Candida glycerinogenes UG21 from non-detoxified lignocellulose hydrolysate. C. glycerinogenes UG21 with high tolerance to elevated temperature, acetic acid, and furfural was obtained and applied in lignocellulose-based ethanol production. C. glycerinogenes UG21 exhibited highly-efficient degradation ability to furfural. High levels of acetic acid and furfural inhibited cell growths and ethanol production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ZWA46 and industrial Angel yeast but had a slight impact on biomass and ethanol titer of C. glycerinogenes UG21. Using non-detoxified sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate, C. glycerinogenes UG21 reached 1.24 g/L/h of ethanol productivity at 40 °C but ethanol production of S. cerevisiae ZWA46 and Angel yeast was inhibited. Further, C. glycerinogenes UG-21 exhibited 2.42-fold and 1.58-fold higher productivity than S. cerevisiae ZWA46 and Angel yeast under low-toxicity hydrolysate. Therefore, C. glycerinogenes UG-21 could be an excellent candidate for low-cost lignocelluloses ethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingchang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhuge
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China; Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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24
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The production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass by Kluyveromyces marxianus CICC 1727-5 and Spathaspora passalidarum ATCC MYA-4345. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:2845-2855. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Recent Advancements in Mycodegradation of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioethanol Production. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23834-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Andreeßen C, Steinbüchel A. Recent developments in non-biodegradable biopolymers: Precursors, production processes, and future perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:143-157. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Escherichia coli as a host for metabolic engineering. Metab Eng 2018; 50:16-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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28
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Dey P, Pal P, Kevin JD, Das DB. Lignocellulosic bioethanol production: prospects of emerging membrane technologies to improve the process – a critical review. REV CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2018-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To meet the worldwide rapid growth of industrialization and population, the demand for the production of bioethanol as an alternative green biofuel is gaining significant prominence. The bioethanol production process is still considered one of the largest energy-consuming processes and is challenging due to the limited effectiveness of conventional pretreatment processes, saccharification processes, and extreme use of electricity in common fermentation and purification processes. Thus, it became necessary to improve the bioethanol production process through reduced energy requirements. Membrane-based separation technologies have already gained attention due to their reduced energy requirements, investment in lower labor costs, lower space requirements, and wide flexibility in operations. For the selective conversion of biomasses to bioethanol, membrane bioreactors are specifically well suited. Advanced membrane-integrated processes can effectively contribute to different stages of bioethanol production processes, including enzymatic saccharification, concentrating feed solutions for fermentation, improving pretreatment processes, and finally purification processes. Advanced membrane-integrated simultaneous saccharification, filtration, and fermentation strategies consisting of ultrafiltration-based enzyme recycle system with nanofiltration-based high-density cell recycle fermentation system or the combination of high-density cell recycle fermentation system with membrane pervaporation or distillation can definitely contribute to the development of the most efficient and economically sustainable second-generation bioethanol production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Dey
- Department of Biotechnology , Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences , Karunya Nagar Coimbatore 641114 , India
| | - Parimal Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering , National Institute of Technology , Durgapur , India
| | - Joseph Dilip Kevin
- Department of Biotechnology , Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences , Coimbatore , India
| | - Diganta Bhusan Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of AACME , Loughborough University , Loughborough, Leicestershire , UK
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29
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Marine algal carbohydrates as carbon sources for the production of biochemicals and biomaterials. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:798-817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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30
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Den W, Sharma VK, Lee M, Nadadur G, Varma RS. Lignocellulosic Biomass Transformations via Greener Oxidative Pretreatment Processes: Access to Energy and Value-Added Chemicals. Front Chem 2018; 6:141. [PMID: 29755972 PMCID: PMC5934431 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change, principally induced by the large volume of carbon dioxide emission from the global economy driven by fossil fuels, has been observed and scientifically proven as a major threat to civilization. Meanwhile, fossil fuel depletion has been identified as a future challenge. Lignocellulosic biomass in the form of organic residues appears to be the most promising option as renewable feedstock for the generation of energy and platform chemicals. As of today, relatively little bioenergy comes from lignocellulosic biomass as compared to feedstock such as starch and sugarcane, primarily due to high cost of production involving pretreatment steps required to fragment biomass components via disruption of the natural recalcitrant structure of these rigid polymers; low efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of refractory feedstock presents a major challenge. The valorization of lignin and cellulose into energy products or chemical products is contingent on the effectiveness of selective depolymerization of the pretreatment regime which typically involve harsh pyrolytic and solvothermal processes assisted by corrosive acids or alkaline reagents. These unselective methods decompose lignin into many products that may not be energetically or chemically valuable, or even biologically inhibitory. Exploring milder, selective and greener processes, therefore, has become a critical subject of study for the valorization of these materials in the last decade. Efficient alternative activation processes such as microwave- and ultrasound irradiation are being explored as replacements for pyrolysis and hydrothermolysis, while milder options such as advanced oxidative and catalytic processes should be considered as choices to harsher acid and alkaline processes. Herein, we critically abridge the research on chemical oxidative techniques for the pretreatment of lignocellulosics with the explicit aim to rationalize the objectives of the biomass pretreatment step and the problems associated with the conventional processes. The mechanisms of reaction pathways, selectivity and efficiency of end-products obtained using greener processes such as ozonolysis, photocatalysis, oxidative catalysis, electrochemical oxidation, and Fenton or Fenton-like reactions, as applied to depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass are summarized with deliberation on future prospects of biorefineries with greener pretreatment processes in the context of the life cycle assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Den
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Virender K. Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Mengshan Lee
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Govind Nadadur
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
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31
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Guo H, Chang Y, Lee DJ. Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biorefinery: Research focuses. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 252:198-215. [PMID: 29329774 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To realize lignocellulosic biorefinery is of global interest, with enzymatic saccharification presenting an essential stage to convert polymeric sugars to mono-sugars for fermentation use. This mini-review summarizes qualitatively the research focuses discussed the review articles presented in the past 22 months and other relevant papers. The research focuses on pretreatment with improved efficiency, enhanced enzyme production with high yields and high extreme tolerance, feasible combined saccharification and fermentation processes, detailed mechanisms corresponding to the enzymatic saccharification in lignocellulosic biorefinery, and the costs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Guo
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yingju Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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32
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Aikawa S, Inokuma K, Wakai S, Sasaki K, Ogino C, Chang JS, Hasunuma T, Kondo A. Direct and highly productive conversion of cyanobacteria Arthrospira platensis to ethanol with CaCl 2 addition. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:50. [PMID: 29492105 PMCID: PMC5828149 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1050-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis shows promise as a carbohydrate feedstock for biofuel production. The glycogen accumulated in A. platensis can be extracted by lysozyme-degrading the peptidoglycan layer of the bacterial cell walls. The extracted glycogen can be converted to ethanol through hydrolysis by amylolytic enzymes and fermentation by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Thus, in the presence of lysozyme, a recombinant yeast expressing α-amylase and glucoamylase can convert A. platensis directly to ethanol, which would simplify the procedure for ethanol production. However, the ethanol titer and productivity in this process are lower than in ethanol production from cyanobacteria and green algae in previous reports. RESULTS To increase the ethanol titer, a high concentration of A. platensis biomass was employed as the carbon source for the ethanol production using a recombinant amylase-expressing yeast. The addition of lysozyme to the fermentation medium increased the ethanol titer, but not the ethanol productivity. The addition of CaCl2 increased both the ethanol titer and productivity by causing the delamination of polysaccharide layer on the cell surface of A. platensis. In the presence of lysozyme and CaCl2, ethanol titer, yield, and productivity improved to 48 g L-1, 93% of theoretical yield, and 1.0 g L-1 h-1 from A. platensis, corresponding to 90 g L-1 of glycogen. CONCLUSIONS We developed an ethanol conversion process using a recombinant amylase-expressing yeast from A. platensis with a high titer, yield, and productivity by adding both lysozyme and CaCl2. The direct and highly productive conversion process from A. platensis via yeast fermentation could be applied to multiple industrial bulk chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Aikawa
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0075 Japan
- Present Address: Biological Resources and Post-Harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686 Japan
| | - Kentaro Inokuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Satoshi Wakai
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Kengo Sasaki
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
- Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
- Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0075 Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501 Japan
- Biomass Engineering Program, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
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Xu K, Yu L, Bai W, Xiao B, Liu Y, Lv B, Li J, Li C. Construction of thermo-tolerant yeast based on an artificial protein quality control system (APQC) to improve the production of bio-ethanol. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Laluce C, Igbojionu LI, Dussán KJ. Fungal Enzymes Applied to Industrial Processes for Bioethanol Production. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90379-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kawaguchi H, Ogino C, Kondo A. Microbial conversion of biomass into bio-based polymers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:1664-1673. [PMID: 28688739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide market for plastics is rapidly growing, and plastics polymers are typically produced from petroleum-based chemicals. The overdependence on petroleum-based chemicals for polymer production raises economic and environmental sustainability concerns. Recent progress in metabolic engineering has expanded fermentation products from existing aliphatic acids or alcohols to include aromatic compounds. This diversity provides an opportunity to expand the development and industrial uses of high-performance bio-based polymers. However, most of the biomonomers are produced from edible sugars or starches that compete directly with food and feed uses. The present review focuses on recent progress in the microbial conversion of biomass into bio-based polymers, in which fermentative products from renewable feedstocks serve as biomonomers for the synthesis of bio-based polymers. In particular, the production of biomonomers from inedible lignocellulosic feedstocks by metabolically engineered microorganisms and the synthesis of bio-based engineered plastics from the biological resources are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Chiaki Ogino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Turumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
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Ali SS, Wu J, Xie R, Zhou F, Sun J, Huang M. Screening and characterizing of xylanolytic and xylose-fermenting yeasts isolated from the wood-feeding termite, Reticulitermes chinensis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181141. [PMID: 28704553 PMCID: PMC5509302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective fermentation of xylose remains an intractable challenge in bioethanol industry. The relevant xylanase enzyme is also in a high demand from industry for several biotechnological applications that inevitably in recent times led to many efforts for screening some novel microorganisms for better xylanase production and fermentation performance. Recently, it seems that wood-feeding termites can truly be considered as highly efficient natural bioreactors. The highly specialized gut systems of such insects are not yet fully realized, particularly, in xylose fermentation and xylanase production to advance industrial bioethanol technology as well as industrial applications of xylanases. A total of 92 strains from 18 yeast species were successfully isolated and identified from the gut of wood-feeding termite, Reticulitermes chinensis. Of these yeasts and strains, seven were identified for new species: Candida gotoi, Candida pseudorhagii, Hamamotoa lignophila, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Sugiyamaella sp.1, Sugiyamaella sp. 2, and Sugiyamaella sp.3. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic characterization, the type strain of C. pseudorhagii sp. nov., which was originally designated strain SSA-1542T, was the most frequently occurred yeast from termite gut samples, showed the highly xylanolytic activity as well as D-xylose fermentation. The highest xylanase activity was recorded as 1.73 and 0.98 U/mL with xylan or D-xylose substrate, respectively, from SSA-1542T. Among xylanase-producing yeasts, four novel species were identified as D-xylose-fermenting yeasts, where the yeast, C. pseudorhagii SSA-1542T, showed the highest ethanol yield (0.31 g/g), ethanol productivity (0.31 g/L·h), and its fermentation efficiency (60.7%) in 48 h. Clearly, the symbiotic yeasts isolated from termite guts have demonstrated a competitive capability to produce xylanase and ferment xylose, suggesting that the wood-feeding termite gut is a promising reservoir for novel xylanases-producing and xylose-fermenting yeasts that are potentially valued for biorefinery industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Samir Ali
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Jian Wu
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Rongrong Xie
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Miao Huang
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Makhuvele R, Ncube I, Jansen van Rensburg EL, La Grange DC. Isolation of fungi from dung of wild herbivores for application in bioethanol production. Braz J Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28629967 PMCID: PMC5628305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Producing biofuels such as ethanol from non-food plant material has the potential to meet transportation fuel requirements in many African countries without impacting directly on food security. The current shortcomings in biomass processing are inefficient fermentation of plant sugars, such as xylose, especially at high temperatures, lack of fermenting microbes that are able to resist inhibitors associated with pre-treated plant material and lack of effective lignocellulolytic enzymes for complete hydrolysis of plant polysaccharides. Due to the presence of residual partially degraded lignocellulose in the gut, the dung of herbivores can be considered as a natural source of pre-treated lignocellulose. A total of 101 fungi were isolated (36 yeast and 65 mould isolates). Six yeast isolates produced ethanol during growth on xylose while three were able to grow at 42 °C. This is a desirable growth temperature as it is closer to that which is used during the cellulose hydrolysis process. From the yeast isolates, six isolates were able to tolerate 2 g/L acetic acid and one tolerated 2 g/L furfural in the growth media. These inhibitors are normally generated during the pre-treatment step. When grown on pre-treated thatch grass, Aspergillus species were dominant in secretion of endo-glucanase, xylanase and mannanase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhulani Makhuvele
- University of Limpopo, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Ignatious Ncube
- University of Limpopo, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Sovenga, South Africa
| | | | - Daniël Coenrad La Grange
- Unit of Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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Yuan SF, Guo GL, Hwang WS. Ethanol production from dilute-acid steam exploded lignocellulosic feedstocks using an isolated multistress-tolerant Pichia kudriavzevii strain. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 10:1581-1590. [PMID: 28474425 PMCID: PMC5658621 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Renewable and low‐cost lignocellulosic wastes have attractive applications in bioethanol production. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most widely used ethanol‐producing microbe; however, its fermentation temperature (30–35°C) is not optimum (40–50°C) for enzymatic hydrolysis in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process. In this study, we successfully performed an SSF process at 42°C from a high solid loading of 20% (w/v) acid‐impregnated steam explosion (AISE)‐treated rice straw with low inhibitor concentrations (furfural 0.19 g l−1 and acetic acid 0.95 g l−1) using an isolate Pichia kudriavzevii SI, where the ethanol titre obtained (33.4 gp l−1) was nearly 39% greater than that produced by conventional S. cerevisiae BCRC20270 at 30°C (24.1 gp l−1). In addition, P. kudriavzevii SI exhibited a high conversion efficiency of > 91% from enzyme‐saccharified hydrolysates of AISE‐treated plywood chips and sugarcane bagasse, although high concentrations of furaldehydes, such as furfural 1.07–1.21 g l−1, 5‐hydroxymethyl furfural 0.20−0.72 g l−1 and acetic acid 4.80–7.65 g l−1, were present. This is the first report of ethanol fermentation by P. kudriavzevii using various acid‐treated lignocellulosic feedstocks without detoxification or added nutrients. The multistress‐tolerant strain SI has greater potential than the conventional S. cerevisiae for use in the cellulosic ethanol industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Fu Yuan
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.,Chemistry Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Committee, Executive Yuan, No. 1000 Wenhua Rd. Jiaan Village, Longtan District, Taoyuan City, 32546, Taiwan
| | - Gia-Luen Guo
- Chemistry Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Committee, Executive Yuan, No. 1000 Wenhua Rd. Jiaan Village, Longtan District, Taoyuan City, 32546, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Song Hwang
- Chemistry Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Committee, Executive Yuan, No. 1000 Wenhua Rd. Jiaan Village, Longtan District, Taoyuan City, 32546, Taiwan
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40
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Sun H, Jia H, Li J, Feng X, Liu Y, Zhou X, Li C. Rational synthetic combination genetic devices boosting high temperature ethanol fermentation. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2017; 2:121-129. [PMID: 29062969 PMCID: PMC5636948 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and production of yeast in the industrial fermentation are seriously restrained by heat stress and exacerbated by heat induced oxidative stress. In this study, a novel synthetic biology approach was developed to globally boost the viability and production ability of S. cerevisiae at high temperature through rationally designing and combing heat shock protein (HSP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genetic devices to ultimately synergistically alleviate both heat stress and oxidative stress. HSP and SOD from extremophiles were constructed to be different genetic devices and they were preliminary screened by heat resistant experiments and anti-oxidative experiments, respectively. Then in order to customize and further improve thermotolerance of S. cerevisiae, the HSP genetic device and SOD genetic device were rationally combined. The results show the simply assemble of the same function genetic devices to solve heat stress or oxidative stress could not enhance the thermotolerance considerably. Only S. cerevisiae with the combination genetic device (FBA1p-sod-MB4-FBA1p-shsp-HB8) solving both stress showed 250% better thermotolerance than the control and displayed further 55% enhanced cell density compared with the strains with single FBA1p-sod-MB4 or FBA1p-shsp-HB8 at 42 °C. Then the most excellent combination genetic device was introduced into lab S. cerevisiae and industrial S. cerevisiae for ethanol fermentation. The ethanol yields of the two strains were increased by 20.6% and 26.3% compared with the control under high temperature, respectively. These results indicate synergistically defensing both heat stress and oxidative stress is absolutely necessary to enhance the thermotolerance and production of S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Sun
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haiyang Jia
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Papapetridis I, van Dijk M, van Maris AJA, Pronk JT. Metabolic engineering strategies for optimizing acetate reduction, ethanol yield and osmotolerance in S accharomyces cerevisiae. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:107. [PMID: 28450888 PMCID: PMC5406903 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0791-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycerol, whose formation contributes to cellular redox balancing and osmoregulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is an important by-product of yeast-based bioethanol production. Replacing the glycerol pathway by an engineered pathway for NAD+-dependent acetate reduction has been shown to improve ethanol yields and contribute to detoxification of acetate-containing media. However, the osmosensitivity of glycerol non-producing strains limits their applicability in high-osmolarity industrial processes. This study explores engineering strategies for minimizing glycerol production by acetate-reducing strains, while retaining osmotolerance. RESULTS GPD2 encodes one of two S. cerevisiae isoenzymes of NAD+-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH). Its deletion in an acetate-reducing strain yielded a fourfold lower glycerol production in anaerobic, low-osmolarity cultures but hardly affected glycerol production at high osmolarity. Replacement of both native G3PDHs by an archaeal NADP+-preferring enzyme, combined with deletion of ALD6, yielded an acetate-reducing strain the phenotype of which resembled that of a glycerol-negative gpd1Δ gpd2Δ strain in low-osmolarity cultures. This strain grew anaerobically at high osmolarity (1 mol L-1 glucose), while consuming acetate and producing virtually no extracellular glycerol. Its ethanol yield in high-osmolarity cultures was 13% higher than that of an acetate-reducing strain expressing the native glycerol pathway. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of GPD2 provides an attractive strategy for improving product yields of acetate-reducing S. cerevisiae strains in low, but not in high-osmolarity media. Replacement of the native yeast G3PDHs by a heterologous NADP+-preferring enzyme, combined with deletion of ALD6, virtually eliminated glycerol production in high-osmolarity cultures while enabling efficient reduction of acetate to ethanol. After further optimization of growth kinetics, this strategy for uncoupling the roles of glycerol formation in redox homeostasis and osmotolerance can be applicable for improving performance of industrial strains in high-gravity acetate-containing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Papapetridis
- Industrial Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marlous van Dijk
- Industrial Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonius J. A. van Maris
- Industrial Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Division of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Centre, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jack T. Pronk
- Industrial Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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42
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Waters JC, Nixon A, Dwyer M, Biffinger JC, Lee K. Developing elite Neurospora crassa strains for cellulosic ethanol production using fungal breeding. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 44:1137-1144. [PMID: 28429154 PMCID: PMC5511601 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The demand for renewable and sustainable energy has generated considerable interest in the conversion of cellulosic biomass into liquid fuels such as ethanol using a filamentous fungus. While attempts have been made to study cellulose metabolism through the use of knock-out mutants, there have been no systematic effort to characterize natural variation for cellulose metabolism in ecotypes adapted to different habitats. Here, we characterized natural variation in saccharification of cellulose and fermentation in 73 ecotypes and 89 laboratory strains of the model fungus Neurospora crassa. We observed significant variation in both traits among natural and laboratory generated populations, with some elite strains performing better than the reference strain. In the F1 population N345, 15% of the population outperformed both parents with the top performing strain having 10% improvement in ethanol production. These results suggest that natural alleles can be exploited through fungal breeding for developing elite industrial strains for bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Waters
- Department of Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Andrew Nixon
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Morgan Dwyer
- Department of Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Justin C Biffinger
- Chemistry Department, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C., 20375, USA
| | - Kwangwon Lee
- Department of Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA.
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA.
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Characterization of four endophytic fungi as potential consolidated bioprocessing hosts for conversion of lignocellulose into advanced biofuels. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:2603-2618. [PMID: 28078400 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, several endophytic fungi have been demonstrated to produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with properties similar to fossil fuels, called "mycodiesel," while growing on lignocellulosic plant and agricultural residues. The fact that endophytes are plant symbionts suggests that some may be able to produce lignocellulolytic enzymes, making them capable of both deconstructing lignocellulose and converting it into mycodiesel, two properties that indicate that these strains may be useful consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) hosts for the biofuel production. In this study, four endophytes Hypoxylon sp. CI4A, Hypoxylon sp. EC38, Hypoxylon sp. CO27, and Daldinia eschscholzii EC12 were selected and evaluated for their CBP potential. Analysis of their genomes indicates that these endophytes have a rich reservoir of biomass-deconstructing carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZys), which includes enzymes active on both polysaccharides and lignin, as well as terpene synthases (TPSs), enzymes that may produce fuel-like molecules, suggesting that they do indeed have CBP potential. GC-MS analyses of their VOCs when grown on four representative lignocellulosic feedstocks revealed that these endophytes produce a wide spectrum of hydrocarbons, the majority of which are monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, including some known biofuel candidates. Analysis of their cellulase activity when grown under the same conditions revealed that these endophytes actively produce endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases. The richness of CAZymes as well as terpene synthases identified in these four endophytic fungi suggests that they are great candidates to pursue for development into platform CBP organisms.
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Fischer J, Lopes VS, Cardoso SL, Coutinho Filho U, Cardoso VL. MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO LIGNOCELLULOSIC ETHANOL IN SIMULTANEOUS HYDROLYSIS AND FERMENTATION. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20170341s20150475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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45
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Ábrego U, Chen Z, Wan C. Consolidated Bioprocessing Systems for Cellulosic Biofuel Production. ADVANCES IN BIOENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aibe.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Duwe A, Tippkötter N, Ulber R. Lignocellulose-Biorefinery: Ethanol-Focused. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 166:177-215. [PMID: 29071401 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The development prospects of the world markets for petroleum and other liquid fuels are diverse and partly contradictory. However, comprehensive changes for the energy supply of the future are essential. Notwithstanding the fact that there are still very large deposits of energy resources from a geological point of view, the finite nature of conventional oil reserves is indisputable. To reduce our dependence on oil, the EU, the USA, and other major economic zones rely on energy diversification. For this purpose, alternative materials and technologies are being sought, and is most obvious in the transport sector. The objective is to progressively replace fossil fuels with renewable and more sustainable fuels. In this respect, biofuels have a pre-eminent position in terms of their capability of blending with fossil fuels and being usable in existing cars without substantial modification. Ethanol can be considered as the primary renewable liquid fuel. In this chapter enzymes, micro-organisms, and processes for ethanol production based on renewable resources are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Duwe
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - N Tippkötter
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - R Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Forde GM, Rainey TJ, Speight R, Batchelor W, Pattenden LK. Matching the biomass to the bioproduct. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2016-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Basu A, Mutturi S, Prapulla SG. Production of isomaltooligosaccharides (IMO) using simultaneous saccharification and transglucosylation from starch and sustainable sources. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Loman AA, Ju LK. Soybean carbohydrate as fermentation feedstock for production of biofuels and value-added chemicals. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Zhang T, Zhu MJ. Enhancing enzymolysis and fermentation efficiency of sugarcane bagasse by synergistic pretreatment of Fenton reaction and sodium hydroxide extraction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:769-777. [PMID: 27213578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A study on the synergistic pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) using Fenton reaction and NaOH extraction was conducted. The optimized process conditions for Fenton pretreatment were 10% (w/w) of H2O2, 20mM of Fe(2+), pH 2.5, pretreatment time 6h, and pretreatment temperature 55°C. Sequential pretreatments were performed in combination with NaOH extraction (NaOH 1% (w/w), 80°C, 5% of solid loading, 1h). Among all the pretreatments, Fenton pretreatment followed by NaOH extraction had the highest efficiency of 64.7% and 108.3% for enzymolysis and simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) with an ethanol concentration of 17.44g/L. The analyses by the scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that Fenton pretreatment disrupts the structure of SCB to facilitate the degradation of lignin by NaOH. The overall data suggest that this combinatorial strategy is a promising process for SCB pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jun Zhu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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