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Zhu Y, Liu T, Wang Y, Chen G, Fang X, Zhou G, Wang J. ChsA, a Class Ⅱ Chitin Synthase, Contributes to Asexual Conidiation, Mycelial Morphology, Cell Wall Integrity, and the Production of Enzymes and Organic Acids in Aspergillus niger. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:801. [PMID: 37623572 PMCID: PMC10455844 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin synthases (CHSs) are vital enzymes for the synthesis of chitin and play important and differential roles in fungal development, cell wall integrity, environmental adaptation, virulence, and metabolism in fungi. However, except for ChsC, a class III CHS, little is known about the functions of CHSs in Aspergillus niger, an important fungus that is widely applied in the fermentation industry and food processing, as well as a spoilage fungus of food and a human pathogen. This study showed the important functions of ChsA, a class II CHS, in A. niger using multi-phenotypic and transcriptional analyses under various conditions. The deletion of chsA led to severe defects in conidiation on different media and resulted in the formation of smaller and less compact pellets with less septa in hyphal cells during submerged fermentation. Compared with the WT, the ΔchsA mutants exhibited less chitin content, reduced growth under the stresses of cell wall-disturbing and oxidative agents, more released protoplasts, a thicker conidial wall, decreased production of amylases, pectinases, cellulases, and malic acid, and increased citric acid production. However, ΔchsA mutants displayed insignificant changes in their sensitivity to osmotic agents and infection ability on apple. These findings concurred with the alteration in the transcript levels and enzymatic activities of some phenotype-related genes. Conclusively, ChsA is important for cell wall integrity and mycelial morphology, and acts as a positive regulator of conidiation, cellular responses to oxidative stresses, and the production of malic acid and some enzymes, but negatively regulates the citric acid production in A. niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqi Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (G.C.); (X.F.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China;
| | - Tong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (G.C.); (X.F.)
| | - Yingsi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China;
| | - Guojun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (G.C.); (X.F.)
| | - Xiang Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (G.C.); (X.F.)
| | - Gang Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China;
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (T.L.); (G.C.); (X.F.)
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Efficient aerobic fermentation of gluconic acid by high tension oxygen supply strategy with reusable Gluconobacter oxydans HG19 cells. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1849-1855. [PMID: 36149483 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02791-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Gluconic acid is a widely used food and beverage additive, but its production suffers from low efficiency and high cost. In this study, a preferable gluconic acid biosynthesis method without repeated seed culture was proposed and developed using the superior performance of Gluconobacter oxydans. A high oxygen atmosphere satisfying the demand of bio-oxidation increased the productivity of gluconic acid up to ~ 32 g/L/h and the accumulation up to ~ 420 g/L within 24 h of fed-batch fermentation. However, the productivity remarkably decreased when the gluconic acid content was over 350 g/L. Therefore, a continuous fermentation was designed, which in combination with 5 runs of fed-batch fermentation resulted in the final production of 1700 g gluconic acid from 1750 g glucose within 60 h in a 3 L bioreactor. The results suggest that the validity of this model and can enable cost-competitive gluconic acid production in the industry.
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Wen Y, Liao B, Yan X, Wu Z, Tian X. Temperature-responsive regulation of the fermentation of hypocrellin A by Shiraia bambusicola (GDMCC 60438). Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:135. [PMID: 35787717 PMCID: PMC9254528 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01862-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypocrellin A (HA) is a perylene quinone pigment with high medicinal value that is produced by Shiraia bambusicola Henn. (S. bambusicola) and Hypocrella bambusae (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. (Ascomycetes) with great potential in clinical photodynamic therapy. Submerged cultivation of S. bambusicola is a popular technique for HA production. However, there is not much research on how temperature changes lead to differential yields of HA production. RESULTS The temperature regulation of submerged fermentation is an efficient approach to promote HA productivity. After a 32 °C fermentation, the HA content in the mycelia S. bambusicola (GDMCC 60438) was increased by more than three- and fivefold when compared to that at 28 °C and 26 °C, respectively. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis showed that the regulation of the expression of transcription factors and genes essential for HA biosynthesis could be induced by high temperature. Among the 496 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) explicitly expressed at 32 °C, the hub genes MH01c06g0046321 and MH01c11g0073001 in the coexpression network may affect HA biosynthesis and cytoarchitecture, respectively. Moreover, five genes, i.e., MH01c01g0006641, MH01c03g0017691, MH01c04g0029531, MH01c04g0030701 and MH01c22g0111101, potentially related to HA synthesis also exhibited significantly higher expression levels. Morphological observation showed that the autolysis inside the mycelial pellets tightly composted intertwined mycelia without apparent holes. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results provide an effective strategy in the submerged fermentation of S. bambusicola for improved HA production and reveal an alternative regulatory network responsive to the biosynthesis metabolism of HA in response to environmental signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdi Wen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation & Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Baosheng Liao
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 232 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yan
- Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, South China University of Technology, 8 Fushan Road, Fushan Industrial Park, Zhuhai, 519100, China
| | - Zhenqiang Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation & Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaofei Tian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation & Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Out Loop, University Park, Guangzhou, 510006, China. .,Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, South China University of Technology, 8 Fushan Road, Fushan Industrial Park, Zhuhai, 519100, China.
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4
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Ma Y, Li B, Zhang X, Wang C, Chen W. Production of Gluconic Acid and Its Derivatives by Microbial Fermentation: Process Improvement Based on Integrated Routes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:864787. [PMID: 35651548 PMCID: PMC9149244 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.864787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gluconic acid (GA) and its derivatives, as multifunctional biological chassis compounds, have been widely used in the food, medicine, textile, beverage and construction industries. For the past few decades, the favored production means of GA and its derivatives are microbial fermentation using various carbon sources containing glucose hydrolysates due to high-yield GA production and mature fermentation processes. Advancements in improving fermentation process are thriving which enable more efficient and economical industrial fermentation to produce GA and its derivatives, such as the replacement of carbon sources with agro-industrial byproducts and integrated routes involving genetically modified strains, cascade hydrolysis or micro- and nanofiltration in a membrane unit. These efforts pave the way for cheaper industrial fermentation process of GA and its derivatives, which would expand the application and widen the market of them. This review summarizes the recent advances, points out the existing challenges and provides an outlook on future development regarding the production of GA and its derivatives by microbial fermentation, aiming to promote the combination of innovative production of GA and its derivatives with industrial fermentation in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Wei Chen,
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Chao Wang, ; Wei Chen,
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5
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Zheng X, Cairns TC, Ni X, Zhang L, Zhai H, Meyer V, Zheng P, Sun J. Comprehensively dissecting the hub regulation of PkaC on high-productivity and pellet macromorphology in citric acid producing Aspergillus niger. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:1867-1882. [PMID: 35213792 PMCID: PMC9151341 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus niger, an important industrial workhorse for citric acid production, is characterized by polar hyphal growth with complex pelleted, clumped or dispersed macromorphologies in submerged culture. Although organic acid titres are dramatically impacted by these growth types, studies that assess productivity and macromorphological changes are limited. Herein, we functionally analysed the role of the protein kinase A (PKA)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling cascade during fermentation by disrupting and conditionally expressing the pkaC gene. pkaC played multiple roles during hyphal, colony and conidiophore growth. By overexpressing pkaC, we could concomitantly modify hyphal growth at the pellet surface and improve citric acid titres up to 1.87‐fold. By quantitatively analysing hundreds of pellets during pilot fermentation experiments, we provide the first comprehensive correlation between A. niger pellet surface morphology and citric acid production. Finally, by intracellular metabolomics analysis and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) following titration of pkaC expression, we unveil the metabolomic and transcriptomic basis underpin hyperproductivity and pellet growth. Taken together, this study confirms pkaC as hub regulator linking submerged macromorphology and citric acid production and provides high‐priority genetic leads for future strain engineering programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Zheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Timothy C Cairns
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Institute of Biotechnology, Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, 13355, Germany
| | - Xiaomei Ni
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhai
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Vera Meyer
- Institute of Biotechnology, Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, 13355, Germany
| | - Ping Zheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jibin Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin, 300308, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
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6
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Jin S, Sun F, Hu Z, Liu L, Li J, Du G, Li Y, Shi G, Chen J. Improving Aspergillus niger seed preparation and citric acid production by morphology controlling-based semicontinuous cultivation. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Intasian P, Prakinee K, Phintha A, Trisrivirat D, Weeranoppanant N, Wongnate T, Chaiyen P. Enzymes, In Vivo Biocatalysis, and Metabolic Engineering for Enabling a Circular Economy and Sustainability. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10367-10451. [PMID: 34228428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the industrial revolution, the rapid growth and development of global industries have depended largely upon the utilization of coal-derived chemicals, and more recently, the utilization of petroleum-based chemicals. These developments have followed a linear economy model (produce, consume, and dispose). As the world is facing a serious threat from the climate change crisis, a more sustainable solution for manufacturing, i.e., circular economy in which waste from the same or different industries can be used as feedstocks or resources for production offers an attractive industrial/business model. In nature, biological systems, i.e., microorganisms routinely use their enzymes and metabolic pathways to convert organic and inorganic wastes to synthesize biochemicals and energy required for their growth. Therefore, an understanding of how selected enzymes convert biobased feedstocks into special (bio)chemicals serves as an important basis from which to build on for applications in biocatalysis, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology to enable biobased processes that are greener and cleaner for the environment. This review article highlights the current state of knowledge regarding the enzymatic reactions used in converting biobased wastes (lignocellulosic biomass, sugar, phenolic acid, triglyceride, fatty acid, and glycerol) and greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) into value-added products and discusses the current progress made in their metabolic engineering. The commercial aspects and life cycle assessment of products from enzymatic and metabolic engineering are also discussed. Continued development in the field of metabolic engineering would offer diversified solutions which are sustainable and renewable for manufacturing valuable chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattarawan Intasian
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Kridsadakorn Prakinee
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Aisaraphon Phintha
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangthip Trisrivirat
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Nopphon Weeranoppanant
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University, 169, Long-hard Bangsaen, Saensook, Muang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Thanyaporn Wongnate
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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8
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Sandu MP, Kovtunov MA, Baturin VS, Oganov AR, Kurzina IA. Influence of the Pd : Bi ratio on Pd-Bi/Al 2O 3 catalysts: structure, surface and activity in glucose oxidation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14889-14897. [PMID: 34223584 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01305j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pd-Bi nanoparticles show high efficiency in catalyzing gluconic acid production by the glucose oxidation reaction. Although this type of catalyst was studied for some time, the correlation between bismuth content and catalytic activity is still unclear. Moreover, there is little information on the principles of the formation of Pd-Bi nanoparticles. In this work, the relation between bismuth content and the activity and selectivity of the PdxBiy/Al2O3 catalyst in the glucose oxidation process was studied. The catalytic samples were prepared by co-impregnation of the alumina support utilizing the metal-organic precursors of Pd and Bi. The samples obtained were tested in the glucose oxidation reaction and were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray fluorescence analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and BET adsorption. It has been found that the Pd3 : Bi1 atomic ratio grants the highest catalytic efficiency for the studied samples. To explain this, we predicted stable Pd-Bi nanoparticles using ab initio evolutionary algorithm USPEX. The calculations demonstrate that nanoparticles tend to form Pd(core)-Bi(shell) structures turning to a crown-jewel morphology at lower Bi concentration, thus exposing the active Pd centers while maintaining the promoting effect of Bi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya P Sandu
- National Research Tomsk State University, Prospekt Lenina, 36, 634050, Tomsk, Russia. and Siberian State Medical University, Moskovsky Tract, 2, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Kovtunov
- National Research Tomsk State University, Prospekt Lenina, 36, 634050, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Vladimir S Baturin
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina, 19, Moscow, 119991, Russia and I. E. Tamm Theory Department, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prospekt, 53, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Artem R Oganov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard, 30, Building 1, 121205, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina A Kurzina
- National Research Tomsk State University, Prospekt Lenina, 36, 634050, Tomsk, Russia.
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9
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Liu P, Wang S, Li C, Zhuang Y, Xia J, Noorman H. Dynamic response of Aspergillus niger to periodical glucose pulse stimuli in chemostat cultures. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:2265-2282. [PMID: 33666237 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In industrial large-scale bioreactors, microorganisms encounter heterogeneous substrate concentration conditions, which can impact growth or product formation. Here we carried out an extended (12 h) experiment of repeated glucose pulsing with a 10-min period to simulate fluctuating glucose concentrations with Aspergillus niger producing glucoamylase, and investigated its dynamic response by rapid sampling and quantitative metabolomics. The 10-min period represents worst-case conditions, as in industrial bioreactors the average cycling duration is usually in the order of 1 min. We found that cell growth and the glucoamylase productivity were not significantly affected, despite striking metabolomic dynamics. Periodical dynamic responses were found across all central carbon metabolism pathways, with different time scales, and the frequently reported ATP paradox was confirmed for this A. niger strain under the dynamic conditions. A thermodynamics analysis revealed that several reactions of the central carbon metabolism remained in equilibrium even under periodical dynamic conditions. The dynamic response profiles of the intracellular metabolites did not change during the pulse exposure, showing no significant adaptation of the strain to the more than 60 perturbation cycles applied. The apparent high tolerance of the glucoamylase producing A. niger strain for extreme variations in the glucose availability presents valuable information for the design of robust industrial microbial hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianye Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Henk Noorman
- DSM Biotechnology Center, Delft, The Netherlands
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10
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Yang L, Henriksen MM, Hansen RS, Lübeck M, Vang J, Andersen JE, Bille S, Lübeck PS. Metabolic engineering of Aspergillus niger via ribonucleoprotein-based CRISPR-Cas9 system for succinic acid production from renewable biomass. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:206. [PMID: 33317620 PMCID: PMC7737382 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01850-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Succinic acid has great potential to be a new bio-based building block for deriving a number of value-added chemicals in industry. Bio-based succinic acid production from renewable biomass can provide a feasible approach to partially alleviate the dependence of global manufacturing on petroleum refinery. To improve the economics of biological processes, we attempted to explore possible solutions with a fungal cell platform. In this study, Aspergillus niger, a well-known industrial production organism for bio-based organic acids, was exploited for its potential for succinic acid production. RESULTS With a ribonucleoprotein (RNP)-based CRISPR-Cas9 system, consecutive genetic manipulations were realized in engineering of the citric acid-producing strain A. niger ATCC 1015. Two genes involved in production of two byproducts, gluconic acid and oxalic acid, were disrupted. In addition, an efficient C4-dicarboxylate transporter and a soluble NADH-dependent fumarate reductase were overexpressed. The resulting strain SAP-3 produced 17 g/L succinic acid while there was no succinic acid detected at a measurable level in the wild-type strain using a synthetic substrate. Furthermore, two cultivation parameters, temperature and pH, were investigated for their effects on succinic acid production. The highest amount of succinic acid was obtained at 35 °C after 3 days, and low culture pH had inhibitory effects on succinic acid production. Two types of renewable biomass were explored as substrates for succinic acid production. After 6 days, the SAP-3 strain was capable of producing 23 g/L and 9 g/L succinic acid from sugar beet molasses and wheat straw hydrolysate, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we have successfully applied the RNP-based CRISPR-Cas9 system in genetic engineering of A. niger and significantly improved the succinic acid production in the engineered strain. The studies on cultivation parameters revealed the impacts of pH and temperature on succinic acid production and the future challenges in strain development. The feasibility of using renewable biomass for succinic acid production by A. niger has been demonstrated with molasses and wheat straw hydrolysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel Møller Henriksen
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Syrach Hansen
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Mette Lübeck
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Jesper Vang
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark
- Disease Data Intelligence, Department of Health Technology Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark, Bldg. 208, 2800, KemitorvetKgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Julie Egelund Andersen
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Bille
- Section of Cell and Neurobiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Stephensen Lübeck
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark
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11
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Niu K, Wu XP, Hu XL, Zou SP, Hu ZC, Liu ZQ, Zheng YG. Effects of methyl oleate and microparticle-enhanced cultivation on echinocandin B fermentation titer. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:2009-2015. [PMID: 32557175 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Echinocandin B (ECB) is a key precursor of antifungal agent Anidulafungin, which has demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with invasive candidiasis. In this study, the effects of microparticle-enhanced cultivation and methyl oleate on echinocandin B fermentation titer were investigated. The results showed that the titer was significantly influenced by the morphological type of mycelium, and mycelium pellet was beneficial to improve the titer of this secondary metabolism. First, different carbon sources were chosen for the fermentation, and methyl oleate achieved the highest echinocandin B titer of 2133 ± 50 mg/L, which was two times higher than that of the mannitol. The study further investigated the metabolic process of the fermentation, and the results showed that L-threonine concentration inside the cell could reach 275 mg/L at 168 h with methyl oleate, about 2.5 times higher than that of the mannitol. Therefore, L-threonine may be a key precursor of echinocandin B. In the end, a new method of adding microparticles for improving the mycelial morphology was used, and the addition of talcum powder (20 g/L, diameter of 45 µm) could make the maximum titer of echinocandin B reach 3148 ± 100 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Niu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Ping Wu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Hu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ping Zou
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Ce Hu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China
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12
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Chen X, Zhou J, Ding Q, Luo Q, Liu L. Morphology engineering ofAspergillus oryzaeforl‐malate production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:2662-2673. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiulai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Qiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Qiuling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Liming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of EducationJiangnan University Wuxi China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation TechnologyJiangnan University Wuxi China
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13
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Cai LN, Xu SN, Lu T, Lin DQ, Yao SJ. Directed expression of halophilic and acidophilic β-glucosidases by introducing homologous constitutive expression cassettes in marine Aspergillus niger. J Biotechnol 2019; 292:12-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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14
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Iyyappan J, Baskar G, Bharathiraja B, Saravanathamizhan R. Malic acid production from biodiesel derived crude glycerol using morphologically controlled Aspergillus niger in batch fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:393-399. [PMID: 30205264 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present investigation, the effects of crude glycerol concentration, spore inoculum concentration, yeast extract concentration and shaking frequency on seed morphology of Aspergillus niger PJR1 on malic acid production were investigated and dispersed fungal mycelium with higher biomass (20.25 ± 0.91 g/L) was obtained when A. niger PJR1 grow on crude glycerol. Dry cell weight under dispersed fermentation was 21.28% higher than usual pellet fermentation. The optimal crude glycerol, nitrogen source and nitrogen source concentration were found to be 160 g/L, yeast extract and 1.5 g/L, respectively. Batch fermentation in a shake flask culture containing 160 g/L crude glycerol resulted in the yield of malic acid 83.23 ± 1.86 g/L, after 192 h at 25 °C. Results revealed that morphological control of A. niger is an efficient method for increased malic acid production when crude glycerol derived from biodiesel production is used as feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Iyyappan
- Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai 600062, India
| | - G Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai 600119, India.
| | - B Bharathiraja
- Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai 600062, India
| | - R Saravanathamizhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, A. C. Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
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15
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Fang X, Zhao G, Dai J, Liu H, Wang P, Wang L, Song J, Zheng Z. Macro-morphological characterization and kinetics of Mortierella alpina colonies during batch cultivation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192803. [PMID: 30086137 PMCID: PMC6080745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective method for research of macro-morphological characterization and its kinetics was developed by studying the macro-morphological characteristics of Mortierella alpina, an oleaginous zygomycete widely used to produce lipids rich in PUFA, in function of culture medium composition and to link morphological features of fungus with the level of lipid production. A number of distinct morphological forms including hollow pellets, fluffy pellets and freely dispersed mycelia were obtained by changing the fermentation factors. By fitting a Logistic curve, the maximum specific growth rate (μmax)was obtained, which determined the final mycelia morphology. μmax of 0.6584 in three kind of morphological forms is the more appropriate. According to the Luedeking-Piret equation fitting, α≠0 and β≠0, lipid production was partially associated with the hyphal growth, fluffy pellets which turn glucose into lipidwas more effective than the other two kinds of morphological forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Insitutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Genhai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Insitutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Insitutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Insitutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Insitutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Insitutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Junying Song
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Insitutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiming Zheng
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Insitutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
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16
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Kallscheuer N. Engineered Microorganisms for the Production of Food Additives Approved by the European Union-A Systematic Analysis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1746. [PMID: 30123195 PMCID: PMC6085563 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the 1950s, the idea of a single harmonized list of food additives for the European Union arose. Already in 1962, the E-classification system, a robust food safety system intended to protect consumers from possible food-related risks, was introduced. Initially, it was restricted to colorants, but at later stages also preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, stabilizers, thickeners, gelling agents, sweeteners, and flavorings were included. Currently, the list of substances authorized by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (referred to as "E numbers") comprises 316 natural or artificial substances including small organic molecules, metals, salts, but also more complex compounds such as plant extracts and polymers. Low overall concentrations of such compounds in natural producers due to inherent regulation mechanisms or production processes based on non-regenerative carbon sources led to an increasing interest in establishing more reliable and sustainable production platforms. In this context, microorganisms have received significant attention as alternative sources providing access to these compounds. Scientific advancements in the fields of molecular biology and genetic engineering opened the door toward using engineered microorganisms for overproduction of metabolites of their carbon metabolism such as carboxylic acids and amino acids. In addition, entire pathways, e.g., of plant origin, were functionally introduced into microorganisms, which holds the promise to get access to an even broader range of accessible products. The aim of this review article is to give a systematic overview on current efforts during construction and application of microbial cell factories for the production of food additives listed in the EU "E numbers" catalog. The review is focused on metabolic engineering strategies of industrially relevant production hosts also discussing current bottlenecks in the underlying metabolic pathways and how they can be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Kallscheuer
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
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17
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Tian X, Shen Y, Zhuang Y, Zhao W, Hang H, Chu J. Kinetic analysis of sodium gluconate production by Aspergillus niger with different inlet oxygen concentrations. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 41:1697-1706. [PMID: 30062601 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-1993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To further understand fermentation kinetics of sodium gluconate (SG) production by Aspergillus niger with different inlet oxygen concentrations, logistic model for cell growth and two-step models for SG production and glucose consumption were established. The results demonstrated that the maximum specific growth rate (µm) presented exponential relationship with inlet oxygen concentration and the maximum biomass (Xm) exhibited linear increase. In terms of SG production, two-step model with Luedeking-Piret equation during growth phase and oxygen-dependent equation during stationary phase could well fit the experimental data. Notably, high inlet oxygen concentration exponentially improved SG yield (YP/S), whereas biomass yield to glucose (YX/S) and cell maintenance coefficient (m) were almost independent on inlet oxygen concentration, indicating that high oxygen supply enhancing SG synthesis not only functioning as a substrate directly, but also regulating glucose metabolism towards SG formation. Finally, the applicability and predictability of the proposed models were further validated by additional experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Shan Dong Fuyang Biological Technology Co., ltd, Dezhou, China
| | - Haifeng Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, P.O. box 329, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Optimization of date syrup as a novel medium for lovastatin production by Aspergillus terreus ATCC 20542 and analyzing assimilation kinetic of carbohydrates. ANN MICROBIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-018-1342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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19
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Liu X, Tian X, Hang H, Zhao W, Wang Y, Chu J. Influence of initial glucose concentration on seed culture of sodium gluconate production by Aspergillus niger. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-017-0185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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20
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Oxygen-enriched fermentation of sodium gluconate by Aspergillus niger and its impact on intracellular metabolic flux distributions. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 41:77-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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21
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Lv J, Zhang BB, Liu XD, Zhang C, Chen L, Xu GR, Cheung PCK. Enhanced production of natural yellow pigments from Monascus purpureus by liquid culture: The relationship between fermentation conditions and mycelial morphology. J Biosci Bioeng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Borin GP, Sanchez CC, de Santana ES, Zanini GK, Dos Santos RAC, de Oliveira Pontes A, de Souza AT, Dal'Mas RMMTS, Riaño-Pachón DM, Goldman GH, Oliveira JVDC. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals different strategies for degradation of steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse by Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:501. [PMID: 28666414 PMCID: PMC5493111 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Second generation (2G) ethanol is produced by breaking down lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars. In Brazil, sugarcane bagasse has been proposed as the lignocellulosic residue for this biofuel production. The enzymatic cocktails for the degradation of biomass-derived polysaccharides are mostly produced by fungi, such as Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei. However, it is not yet fully understood how these microorganisms degrade plant biomass. In order to identify transcriptomic changes during steam-exploded bagasse (SEB) breakdown, we conducted a RNA-seq comparative transcriptome profiling of both fungi growing on SEB as carbon source. Results Particular attention was focused on CAZymes, sugar transporters, transcription factors (TFs) and other proteins related to lignocellulose degradation. Although genes coding for the main enzymes involved in biomass deconstruction were expressed by both fungal strains since the beginning of the growth in SEB, significant differences were found in their expression profiles. The expression of these enzymes is mainly regulated at the transcription level, and A. niger and T. reesei also showed differences in TFs content and in their expression. Several sugar transporters that were induced in both fungal strains could be new players on biomass degradation besides their role in sugar uptake. Interestingly, our findings revealed that in both strains several genes that code for proteins of unknown function and pro-oxidant, antioxidant, and detoxification enzymes were induced during growth in SEB as carbon source, but their specific roles on lignocellulose degradation remain to be elucidated. Conclusions This is the first report of a time-course experiment monitoring the degradation of pretreated bagasse by two important fungi using the RNA-seq technology. It was possible to identify a set of genes that might be applied in several biotechnology fields. The data suggest that these two microorganisms employ different strategies for biomass breakdown. This knowledge can be exploited for the rational design of enzymatic cocktails and 2G ethanol production improvement. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3857-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Pagotto Borin
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Camila Cristina Sanchez
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Eliane Silva de Santana
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Keppe Zanini
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Renato Augusto Corrêa Dos Santos
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Angélica de Oliveira Pontes
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Aline Tieppo de Souza
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Roberta Maria Menegaldo Tavares Soares Dal'Mas
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Diego Mauricio Riaño-Pachón
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil.,Current address: Laboratório de Biologia de Sistemas Regulatórios, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 - Butantã - São Paulo - SP, São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av do Café S/N, Ribeirão Preto, CEP, São Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Juliana Velasco de Castro Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Av Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, São Paulo, Caixa Postal 6170, 13083-970, Brazil.
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Dubey MK, Zehra A, Aamir M, Meena M, Ahirwal L, Singh S, Shukla S, Upadhyay RS, Bueno-Mari R, Bajpai VK. Improvement Strategies, Cost Effective Production, and Potential Applications of Fungal Glucose Oxidase (GOD): Current Updates. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1032. [PMID: 28659876 PMCID: PMC5468390 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal glucose oxidase (GOD) is widely employed in the different sectors of food industries for use in baking products, dry egg powder, beverages, and gluconic acid production. GOD also has several other novel applications in chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, and other biotechnological industries. The electrochemical suitability of GOD catalyzed reactions has enabled its successful use in bioelectronic devices, particularly biofuel cells, and biosensors. Other crucial aspects of GOD such as improved feeding efficiency in response to GOD supplemental diet, roles in antimicrobial activities, and enhancing pathogen defense response, thereby providing induced resistance in plants have also been reported. Moreover, the medical science, another emerging branch where GOD was recently reported to induce several apoptosis characteristics as well as cellular senescence by downregulating Klotho gene expression. These widespread applications of GOD have led to increased demand for more extensive research to improve its production, characterization, and enhanced stability to enable long term usages. Currently, GOD is mainly produced and purified from Aspergillus niger and Penicillium species, but the yield is relatively low and the purification process is troublesome. It is practical to build an excellent GOD-producing strain. Therefore, the present review describes innovative methods of enhancing fungal GOD production by using genetic and non-genetic approaches in-depth along with purification techniques. The review also highlights current research progress in the cost effective production of GOD, including key advances, potential applications and limitations. Therefore, there is an extensive need to commercialize these processes by developing and optimizing novel strategies for cost effective GOD production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish K. Dubey
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Andleeb Zehra
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Mohd Aamir
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Laxmi Ahirwal
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour UniversitySagar, India
| | - Siddhartha Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour UniversitySagar, India
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Ram S. Upadhyay
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Ruben Bueno-Mari
- Research and Development (R+D) Department, Laboratorios LokímicaValencia, Spain
| | - Vivek K. Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan, South Korea
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Gluconic acid: Properties, production methods and applications—An excellent opportunity for agro-industrial by-products and waste bio-valorization. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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25
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Lu F, Li C, Wang Z, Zhao W, Chu J, Zhuang Y, Zhang S. High efficiency cell-recycle continuous sodium gluconate production by Aspergillus niger using on-line physiological parameters association analysis to regulate feed rate rationally. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:433-441. [PMID: 27611026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a system of cell-recycle continuous fermentation for sodium gluconate (SG) production by Aspergillus niger (A. niger) was established. Based on initial continuous fermentation result (100.0h) with constant feed rate, an automatic feedback strategy to regulate feed rate using on-line physiological parameters (OUR and DO) was proposed and applied successfully for the first time in the improved continuous fermentation (240.5h). Due to less auxiliary time, highest SG production rate (31.05±0.29gL(-1)h(-1)) and highest yield (0.984±0.067molmol(-1)), overall SG production capacity (975.8±5.8gh(-1)) in 50-L fermentor of improved continuous fermentation increased more than 300.0% compared to that of batch fermentation. Improvement of mass transfer and dispersed mycelia morphology were the two major reasons responsible for the high SG production rate. This system had been successfully applied to industrial fermentation and SG production was greatly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zejian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Shan Dong Fuyang Biological Technology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Siliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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26
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Wang B, Chen J, Li H, Sun F, Li Y, Shi G. Pellet-dispersion strategy to simplify the seed cultivation of Aspergillus niger and optimize citric acid production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2016; 40:45-53. [PMID: 27573803 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-016-1673-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Citric acid (CA) as an extremely important platform compound has attracted intense attention due to wide applications and huge markets. Here, we proposed a novel method, using pellet inoculation to replace spores, and constructed the seed recycling cultivation process, effectively avoided the longtime (spore preparation 30 days) of seed culture (including spores germination 12 h) in the traditional batch-fermentation. On this basis, using pellet-dispersion strategy, the bottleneck caused by the mycelium structure was overcome, with the seed restoring high cell-viability with CA titer (11.0 g/L) even in the eighth batch compared to that in the control (4.6 g/L). The optimum morphology of these recycling cultured seeds for CA production was dispersed pattern rather than pellets. And the CA production was 130.5 g/L on average in 5 L five-conjoined-fermenters recycling eight batches, especially increasing 3.1 g/L compared with the control. To our knowledge, this is the first that reported the application of these strategies in effective production of CA. Our fermentation strategies not only significantly enhanced CA productivity, but also severed as a promising stepping-stone for other fermentations dominated with the filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Guoxin Union Energy Co., Ltd., Wuxi, 214203, China
| | - Jian Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hua Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fuxin Sun
- Jiangsu Guoxin Union Energy Co., Ltd., Wuxi, 214203, China
| | - Youran Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guiyang Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Yang L, Lübeck M, Souroullas K, Lübeck PS. Co-consumption of glucose and xylose for organic acid production by Aspergillus carbonarius cultivated in wheat straw hydrolysate. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:57. [PMID: 26925619 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus carbonarius exhibits excellent abilities to utilize a wide range of carbon sources and to produce various organic acids. In this study, wheat straw hydrolysate containing high concentrations of glucose and xylose was used for organic acid production by A. carbonarius. The results indicated that A. carbonarius efficiently co-consumed glucose and xylose and produced various types of organic acids in hydrolysate adjusted to pH 7. The inhibitor tolerance of A. carbonarius to the hydrolysate at different pH values was investigated and compared using spores and recycled mycelia. This comparison showed a slight difference in the inhibitor tolerance of the spores and the recycled mycelia based on their growth patterns. Moreover, the wild-type and a glucose oxidase deficient (Δgox) mutant were compared for their abilities to produce organic acids using the hydrolysate and a defined medium. The two strains showed a different pattern of organic acid production in the hydrolysate where the Δgox mutant produced more oxalic acid but less citric acid than the wild-type, which was different from the results obtained in the defined medium This study demonstrates the feasibility of using lignocellulosic biomass for the organic acid production by A. carbonarius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Mette Lübeck
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Konstantinos Souroullas
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark.,MEDOCHEMIE LTD, 1-10 Constantinoupoleos St., 3011, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Peter S Lübeck
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University Copenhagen, A. C. Meyers Vaenge 15, 2450, Copenhagen SV, Denmark.
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Lu F, Wang Z, Zhao W, Chu J, Zhuang Y. A simple novel approach for real-time monitoring of sodium gluconate production by on-line physiological parameters in batch fermentation by Aspergillus niger. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:133-141. [PMID: 26706727 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, approach for real-time monitoring of sodium gluconate (SG) fermentation was established for the first time by the equations which can calculate real-time key-parameters by on-line physiological data. Based on this approach, limiting factors were found out in initial fermentation F1 and then step-wise agitation increase and improved medium recipe were proposed in fermentation F2 and F3, respectively. The highest average SG production rate (16.58±0.91 g L(-1) h(-1)) was achieved in fermentation F3, which was 104.2% and 48.0% higher than those in fermentation F1 and F2, respectively. Meanwhile, due to shorter fermentation period (decreased from 34 h to 18.7 h), lower biomass (about 1.5 g L(-1)) and less by-product accumulation, the overall yield of 0.943±0.012 (mol mol(-1)) in fermentation F3 increased more than 16.0% compared to fermentation F1. This approach had been successfully applied to industrial fermentation and greatly improved SG production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zejian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Shan Dong Fuyang Biological Technology Co., Ltd, China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 329, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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Wang B, Chen J, Li H, Sun F, Li Y, Shi G. Efficient production of citric acid in segmented fermentation using Aspergillus niger based on recycling of a pellet-dispersion strategy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13648f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Segmentation recycling fermentation based on a pellet-dispersion strategy to reconstruct the traditional citric acid batch fermentation process is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology
- Wuxi 214122
- PR China
- School of Biotechology
- Jiangnan University
| | - Jian Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology
- Wuxi 214122
- PR China
| | - Hua Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology
- Wuxi 214122
- PR China
| | - Fuxin Sun
- Jiangsu Guoxin Union Energy Co., Ltd
- Wuxi 214203
- PR China
| | - Youran Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology
- Wuxi 214122
- PR China
- School of Biotechology
- Jiangnan University
| | - Guiyang Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology
- Wuxi 214122
- PR China
- School of Biotechology
- Jiangnan University
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