1
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Murdoch TJ, Quienne B, Pinaud J, Caillol S, Martín-Fabiani I. Understanding associative polymer self-assembly with shrinking gate fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12660-12669. [PMID: 38888295 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00737a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The self-assembly of polymers is integral to their role in liquid formulations. In this study, we combine a dye whose lifetime is sensitive to the nanoviscosity of its local environment with shrinking gate fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (sgFCS) to study the self-assembly of a model telechelic polymer, hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane (HEUR). Fluorescence lifetime measurements show a monotonic increase in average lifetime with increasing HEUR concentration driven by a small fraction of dye (<1%) with long lifetimes strongly bound to HEUR. Despite this small fraction, sgFCS isolates the diffusional dynamics of the bound fraction with no a priori assumptions as to the distribution of lifetimes. Sensitivity is greatly enhanced compared to standard FCS, revealing micellar aggregates forming between 0.2 and 1 wt% followed by formation of a percolated network. This sgFCS approach, which we apply for the first time to polymers in this work, is readily extendable to any dye that changes lifetime on binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Murdoch
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, LE11 1RJ Loughborough, UK.
| | | | - Julien Pinaud
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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2
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Carter MCD, Yin L, Barbon SM, Bremer M, Grigg D, Jing M, Michels K, Izmitli A, Backer S, Leal L, Abramo GP. Biodegradable Alkali-Swellable Emulsion Polymers: Industrial and Commercial Thickeners. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3823-3830. [PMID: 38773865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Sustainability and circularity are key issues facing the global polymer industry. The search for biodegradable and environmentally-friendly polymers that can replace conventional materials is a difficult challenge that has been met with limited success. Alternatives must be cost-effective, scalable, and provide equivalent performance. We report that latexes made by the conventional emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and functional vinyl ester monomers are efficient thickeners for consumer products and biodegrade in wastewater. This approach uses readily-available starting materials and polymerization is carried out in water at room temperature, in one pot, and generates negligible waste. Moreover, the knowledge that poly(vinyl ester)s are biodegradable will lead to the design of new green polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C D Carter
- Dow Construction Chemicals, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Ligeng Yin
- Home & Personal Care, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Stephanie M Barbon
- Chemical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 633 Washington, Midland, Michigan 48642, United States
| | - Maelyn Bremer
- Chemical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 633 Washington, Midland, Michigan 48642, United States
| | - David Grigg
- Chemical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 633 Washington, Midland, Michigan 48642, United States
| | - Meng Jing
- Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Kathleen Michels
- Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Aslin Izmitli
- Home & Personal Care, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Scott Backer
- Home & Personal Care, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Lyndsay Leal
- Home & Personal Care, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Graham P Abramo
- Dow Plastics Additives, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
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3
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Tzortzi I, Joundi I, Kavousanakis M, Spyriouni T, Bampouli A, Michaud G, Van Gerven T, Stefanidis GD. Tailoring Waterborne Coating Rheology with Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethanes (HEURs): Molecular Architecture Insights Supported by CG-MD Simulations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2024; 63:10009-10026. [PMID: 38911482 PMCID: PMC11190988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.4c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
A novel investigation of the effects of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments of hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethanes (HEURs) on the rheological properties of their aqueous solutions, latex-based emulsions, and waterborne paints is demonstrated. Different HEUR thickeners were produced by varying the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecular weight and terminal hydrophobic size. Results reveal that the strength of hydrophobic associations and, consequently, the rheological properties of HEUR formulations can be effectively controlled by modifying the structure of the hydrophobic segment, specifically, the combination of diisocyanate and monoalcohol. This allows for the on-demand attainment of diverse rheological behaviors ranging from predominantly Newtonian profiles exhibiting lower viscosities to markedly pseudoplastic behaviors with significantly higher viscosities. The length of the hydrophilic group appears to affect viscosity only marginally up to a molecular weight of 23,000 g/mol, with more notable effects at 33,000 g/mol. Additionally, it was indicated that the rheological responses observed in water solutions provide a reliable forecast of their behavior in latex-based emulsions and waterborne paints. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations were also applied to gain insight into HEUR micelle dynamics in aqueous solutions. Guided by the DBSCAN algorithm, the simulations successfully captured the concentration-dependent behavior and the impact of hydrophilic chain length, aligning with the experimental viscosity trends. Various metrics were employed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the micellization process, including the hydrophobic cluster volume, the total micellar volume, the aggregation number, and the number of chains interconnecting with other micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Tzortzi
- School
of Chemical Engineering National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytecneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens 157 80, Greece
| | | | - Michail Kavousanakis
- School
of Chemical Engineering National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytecneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens 157 80, Greece
| | | | - Ariana Bampouli
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | | | - Tom Van Gerven
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Georgios D. Stefanidis
- School
of Chemical Engineering National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytecneiou 9, Zografou Campus, Athens 157 80, Greece
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4
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Nikolova NN, Martínez Narváez CDV, Hassan L, Nicholson RA, Boehm MW, Baier SK, Sharma V. Rheology and dispensing of real and vegan mayo: the chickpea or egg problem. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:9413-9427. [PMID: 38014426 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00946g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The rheology, stability, texture, and taste of mayonnaise, a dense oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion, are determined by interfacially active egg lipids and proteins. Often mayonnaise is presented as a challenging example of an egg-based food material that is hard to emulate using plant-based or vegan ingredients. In this contribution, we characterize the flow behavior of animal-based and plant-based mayo emulsions, seeking to decipher the signatures that make the real mayonnaise into such an appetizing complex fluid. We find that commercially available vegan mayos can emulate the apparent yield stress and shear thinning of yolk-based mayonnaise by the combined influence of plant-based proteins (like those extracted from chickpeas) and polysaccharide thickeners. However, we show that the dispensing and dipping behavior of egg-based and vegan mayos display striking differences in neck shape, sharpness, and length. The ratio of apparent extensional to shear yield stress value is found to be larger than the theoretically predicted square root of three for all mayo emulsions. The analysis of neck radius evolution of these extension thinning yield stress fluids reveals that even when the power law exponent governing the intermediate pinching dynamics is similar to the exponent obtained from the shear flow curve, the terminal pinching dynamics show strong local effects, possibly influenced by interstitial fluid properties, finite drop size and deformations, and capillarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia N Nikolova
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | | | - Lena Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
| | | | | | - Stefan K Baier
- Motif FoodWorks Inc., Boston, MA 02210, USA
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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5
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Murdoch T, Quienne B, Argaiz M, Tomovska R, Espinosa E, D’Agosto F, Lansalot M, Pinaud J, Caillol S, Martín-Fabiani I. One Step Closer to Coatings Applications Utilizing Self-Stratification: Effect of Rheology Modifiers. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2023; 5:6672-6684. [PMID: 37588086 PMCID: PMC10425952 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.3c01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Self-stratification of model blends of colloidal spheres has recently been demonstrated as a method to form multifunctional coatings in a single pass. However, practical coating formulations are complex fluids with upward of 15 components. Here, we investigate the influence of three different rheology modifiers (RMs) on the stratification of a 10 wt % 7:3 w:w blend of 270 and 96 nm anionic latex particles that do not stratify without RM. However, addition of a high molar mass polysaccharide thickener, xanthan gum, raises the viscosity and corresponding Péclet number enough to achieve small-on-top stratification as demonstrated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. Importantly, this was possible due to minimal particle-rheology modifier interactions, as demonstrated by the bulk rheology. In contrast, Carbopol 940, a microgel-based RM, was unable to achieve small-on-top stratification despite a comparable increase in viscosity. Instead, pH-dependent interactions with latex particles lead to either laterally segregated structures at pH 3 or a surface enrichment of large particles at pH 8. Strong RM-particle interactions are also observed when the triblock associative RM HEUR10kC12 is used. Here, small-on-top, large-enhanced, and randomly mixed structures were observed at respectively 0.01, 0.1, and 1 wt % HEUR10kC12. Combining rheology, dynamic light scattering, and AFM results allows the mechanisms behind the nonmonotonic stratification in the presence of associative RMs to be elucidated. Our results highlight that stratification can be predicted and controlled for RMs with weak particle interactions, while a strong RM-particle interaction may afford a wider range of stratified structures. This takes a step toward successfully harnessing stratification in coatings formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy
J. Murdoch
- Department
of Materials, Loughborough University, LE11 1RJ Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Baptiste Quienne
- CNRS,
ENSCM, ICGM, Univ Montpellier, 34293 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Maialen Argaiz
- POLYMAT
and Departmento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari
Korta Zentroa, Tolosa
Hiribidea 72, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Spain
| | - Radmila Tomovska
- POLYMAT
and Departmento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari
Korta Zentroa, Tolosa
Hiribidea 72, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Spain
| | - Edgar Espinosa
- CPE
Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials
(CP2M), Univ Lyon, Université Claude
Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck D’Agosto
- CPE
Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials
(CP2M), Univ Lyon, Université Claude
Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Muriel Lansalot
- CPE
Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5128, Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials
(CP2M), Univ Lyon, Université Claude
Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Julien Pinaud
- CNRS,
ENSCM, ICGM, Univ Montpellier, 34293 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Caillol
- CNRS,
ENSCM, ICGM, Univ Montpellier, 34293 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
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6
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Xu C, Martínez Narváez CDV, Kotwis P, Sharma V. Polymer-Surfactant Complexes Impact the Stratification and Nanotopography of Micellar Foam Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:5761-5770. [PMID: 37040267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Freestanding films of soft matter drain via stratification due to confinement-induced structuring and layering of supramolecular structures such as micelles. Neutral polymers, added as rheology modifiers to cosmetics, foods, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemical formulations, often interact with monomers and micelles of surfactants, forming polymer-surfactant complexes. Despite many studies that explore interfacial and bulk rheological properties, the corresponding influence of polymer-surfactant complexes on foam drainage and lifetime is not well understood and motivates this study. Here, we report the discovery and evidence of drainage via stratification in foam films formed with polymer-surfactant (PEO-SDS) complexes. We show that the stratification trifecta of coexisting thick-thin regions, stepwise thinning, and nanoscopic topological features such as nanoridges and mesas can be observed using IDIOM (interferometry, digital imaging, and optical microscopy) protocols we developed for nanoscopic thickness mapping. We determine that for polymer concentrations below overlap concentration and surfactant concentrations beyond the excess micelle point, polymer-surfactant complexation impact the nanoscopic topography but not the step size, implying the amplitude of disjoining pressure changes, but periodicity remains unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxian Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 929 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Carina D V Martínez Narváez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 929 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Patrycja Kotwis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 929 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, 929 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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7
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Zalewska A, Kowalik J, Tworek M. Investigation of the properties of a water-based acrylic dispersion modified with an ionic liquid, surfactant, and thickener. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-25384-z. [PMID: 36701069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable development of the paint and varnish industry is a prerequisite for action to minimize the negative environmental impact of paint products. They consist not only in reducing the emission of harmful VOC substances into the atmosphere but also in modifying the composition of the paint material in order to improve the properties of the coatings and at the same time reduce the amount of waste. Selection of the appropriate composition of the water-borne composition is still a problem to be solved. Therefore, aqueous polymer dispersions of Arlberdingk AC 2514 containing an acrylic resin modified with an ionic liquid of didecyldimethylammonium nitrate (DDANO3) were tested. Non-ionic surfactants (Rokanol L-10 and Rokacet S-24), polyurethane thickener (DSX 1514), and mineral thickener (bentonite) were also used for stabilization. The influence of individual components on changes in the stability and particle size of dispersion systems was investigated. Physicomechanical tests of coatings obtained from polymer dispersion systems were also performed. Studies have shown that with the increase in the amount of DDANO3 in the system, the particle size of the varnish composition decreases and the gloss and relative hardness of the coatings decrease. The optimal amount of DDANO3 in the dispersion is 1.5% w/w. DSX 1514 increased the stability, reduced the migration rate of the dispersion particles, and improved the elasticity and impact resistance of the protective membranes. It has been shown that the stability varies depending on the type of thickener and surfactant (SAA) used. SAA increases the value of the TSI (Turbiscan Stability Index), which takes the values of 3.8 (0.3 g bentonite) and 3.6 (0.6 g bentonite), respectively, with Rokanol L-10 16% w/w. Water-soluble acrylic resin with the tested additives can be potentially used for the production of stable dispersions with extended life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zalewska
- Faculty of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Division of Polymer Technology and Protective Coatings, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Kowalik
- Faculty of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Division of Polymer Technology and Protective Coatings, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Tworek
- Faculty of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Division of Polymer Technology and Protective Coatings, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, 3 Seminaryjna Street, 85-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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8
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Analysis of the glass effect and Trommsdorff effect during bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate. Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00746-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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9
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Tzelepis DA, Suzuki J, Su YF, Wang Y, Lim YC, Zayernouri M, Ginzburg VV. Experimental and modeling studies of
IPDI
‐based polyurea elastomers – The role of hard segment fraction. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Demetrios A. Tzelepis
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Department Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
- Materials Division US‐Army, Ground Vehicle System Center Warren Michigan USA
| | - Jorge Suzuki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
- Department of Simulation, Technology Center Division Microvast Power Solutions, Inc. Lake Mary Florida USA
| | - Yi Feng Su
- Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Yiyu Wang
- Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Yong Chae Lim
- Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Mohsen Zayernouri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
- Department of Statistics and Probability Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | - Valeriy V. Ginzburg
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Department Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
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10
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Shapagina NA, Dushik VV. Application of Electrophoretic Deposition as an Advanced Technique of Inhibited Polymer Films Formation on Metals from Environmentally Safe Aqueous Solutions of Inhibited Formulations. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:19. [PMID: 36614355 PMCID: PMC9821120 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The presented paper analyzes polymer films formed from aqueous solutions of organosilanes, corrosion inhibitors and their compositions. Methods of depositing inhibited films on metal samples, such as dipping and exposure of the sample in a modifying solution, as well as an alternative method, electrophoretic deposition (EPD), are discussed. Information is provided on the history of the EPD method, its essence, production process, areas of application of this technology, advantages over existing analogues, as well as its varieties. The article considers the promise of using the EPD method to form protective inhibited polymer films on metal surfaces from aqueous solutions of inhibitor formulations consisting of molecules of organosilanes and corrosion inhibitors.
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11
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Kuperkar K, Patel D, Atanase LI, Bahadur P. Amphiphilic Block Copolymers: Their Structures, and Self-Assembly to Polymeric Micelles and Polymersomes as Drug Delivery Vehicles. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4702. [PMID: 36365696 PMCID: PMC9657626 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers display a multiplicity of nanoscale periodic patterns proposed as a dominant tool for the 'bottom-up' fabrication of nanomaterials with different levels of ordering. The present review article focuses on the recent updates to the self-association of amphiphilic block copolymers in aqueous media into varied core-shell morphologies. We briefly describe the block copolymers, their types, microdomain formation in bulk and micellization in selective solvents. We also discuss the characteristic features of block copolymers nanoaggregates viz., polymer micelles (PMs) and polymersomes. Amphiphilic block copolymers (with a variety of hydrophobic blocks and hydrophilic blocks; often polyethylene oxide) self-assemble in water to micelles/niosomes similar to conventional nonionic surfactants with high drug loading capacity. Double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs) made of neutral block-neutral block or neutral block-charged block can transform one block to become hydrophobic under the influence of a stimulus (physical/chemical/biological), and thus induced amphiphilicity and display self-assembly are discussed. Different kinds of polymer micelles (viz. shell and core-cross-linked, core-shell-corona, schizophrenic, crew cut, Janus) are presented in detail. Updates on polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) are also provided. Polyion complexes (PICs) and polyion complex micelles (PICMs) are discussed. Applications of these block copolymeric micelles and polymersomes as nanocarriers in drug delivery systems are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketan Kuperkar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhruvi Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchhanath, Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Leonard Ionut Atanase
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU), Surat 395 007, Gujarat, India
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12
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Wołosz D, Fage AM, Parzuchowski PG, Świderska A, Brüll R. Reactive Extrusion Synthesis of Biobased Isocyanate-Free Hydrophobically Modified Ethoxylated Urethanes with Pendant Hydrophobic Groups. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2022; 10:11627-11640. [PMID: 36092287 PMCID: PMC9450225 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c03535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Development of hydrophobically modified ethoxylated urethane (HEUR) rheology modifiers enabled the widespread application of waterborne paints and coatings, replacing their environmentally burdening solvent-based predecessors. However, the diisocyanates, required for the conventional synthesis of HEURs, pose severe eco-sustainability threats. In this paper, we demonstrate an innovative approach to avoiding toxic components in the preparation of rheology modifiers by obtaining a new class of water-soluble isocyanate-free hydrophobically modified ethoxylated poly(hydroxy-urethane)s (IFHEURs). The first step in the synthetic pathway was the preparation of CO2-based five-membered poly(ethylene glycol) bis(cyclic carbonate) and its subsequent aminolysis using 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine, yielding poly(hydroxy-urethane) (PHU) prepolymers terminated with cyclic carbonate groups. The PHU prepolymers were further extended in a reactive extrusion (REX) synthesis using biobased hydrophobic diamine PRIAMINE 1075. The REX technique made it possible to overcome the typical limitations of the aminolysis reaction and to reach the desired conversion within a moderate reaction time. IFHEURs have been structurally elucidated using FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy techniques, MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry, and SEC analysis and applied as rheology modifiers. The study of their associative behavior in aqueous solutions confirmed that the architectural flexibility of the obtained IFHEURs, containing terminal and pendant hydrophobic groups, opens a perspective for tuneable thickening performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Wołosz
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Marta Fage
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Chemical Technology ICT, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Straße 7, 76327 Pfinztal, Germany
| | | | - Aleksandra Świderska
- Warsaw
University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Brüll
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF, Bartningstraße 47, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
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13
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Quienne B, Pinaud J, Caillol S. Synthesis of hydrophobically modified ethoxylated non-isocyanate urethanes (HENIURs) and their use as rheology additives. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Ginzburg VV. Mesoscale Modeling of Micellization and Adsorption of Surfactants and Surfactant-Like Polymers in Solution: Challenges and Opportunities. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy V. Ginzburg
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 428 S. Shaw Lane, Room 2100, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
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