1
|
Passos L, Musskopf M, Vasconcellos AB. Impact of Cut-out-rescan and Data Exchange by Over-scanning Techniques on Marginal Fit of CAD/CAM Lithium Disilicate Crowns. Oper Dent 2024; 49:484-494. [PMID: 38978322 DOI: 10.2341/24-024-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the impact of adjustment procedures - cut-out-rescan (COR) and data exchange by over-scanning (DEOS) techniques - through CAD/CAM software on the marginal fit outcome of ceramic crowns. METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty-eight de-identified teeth were adapted in a mandibular typodont set. Tooth #19 was prepared for a lithium disilicate crown and seven groups, G0 to G6 (n=10), were created based on the rescanned areas (mesial and/or buccal) on the typodont using an intraoral scanner through COR or DEOS techniques. A digital workflow was used to design and mill 70 crowns according to the groups. Each crown was temporarily cemented on tooth #19 and scanned with micro-computed tomography to measure the marginal fit. The data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney test to compare the groups pairwise as a post-hoc (α=0.05). RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found for vertical misfit (μm) between the groups for Marginal Gap Buccal (MGB) and Marginal Gap Mesial (MGM) (p=0.003 and p=0.029, respectively). No significant difference was found for Finish Line Buccal (FLB) and Finish Line Mesial (FLM) (p=0.062 and p=0.092, respectively). G3 (COR buccal and mesial) had the highest MGB (57.75 μm), statistically different from all other groups. G4 (DEOS buccal) (41.60 μm) was different from G6 (DEOS buccal and mesial) (44.21 μm) (p=0.023). For MGM, G0 (control) (53.96 μm) was different from G5 (DEOS mesial) (45.76 μm) and G6 (DEOS buccal and mesial) (48.56 vm) (p=0.013 and p=0.041, respectively) and G2 (COR mesial) (58.43 μm) was different from G5 (DEOS mesial) (45.76 μm) (p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS Despite a statistically significant difference in certain groups for both techniques, COR and DEOS techniques are viable options for image editing during acquisition. Lithium disilicate crowns can be produced with satisfactory marginal gap values utilizing a chairside CAD/CAM system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Passos
- *Leandro Passos, DDS, MS, PhD, graduate teaching assistant, Operative Dentistry & Biomaterials, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M Musskopf
- Marta Musskopf, DDS, MS, PhD, clinical associate professor, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A B Vasconcellos
- Adalberto Bastos Vasconcellos, DDS, MS, PhD, professor and graduate program director, Operative Dentistry & Biomaterials, Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma Y, Guo YQ, Saleh MQ, Yu H. Influence of ambient light conditions on intraoral scanning: A systematic review. J Prosthodont Res 2024; 68:237-245. [PMID: 37574273 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_23_00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To systematically assess the influence of ambient light on the accuracy and scanning time of intraoral scanning. STUDY SELECTION The present systematic review (CRD 42022346672) was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and was performed based on the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020. Electronic searches were conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, complemented by gray literature, references, and citations of the included studies. The primary outcome was accuracy, and the scanning time was a secondary outcome. Owing to the high heterogeneity, the pooled data were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS Six in vitro and two in vivo experiments were performed. Three in vitro studies reported both the accuracy and scanning time of the intraoral scans, whereas the remaining studies exclusively evaluated the accuracy. The studies mainly investigated the influence of illumination levels (0-11000 lux) on intraoral scanning. Intraoral scans revealed optimal accuracy at 1000-lux illumination for complete-arch dentition scans, whereas the influence of illumination levels on 4-unit or shorter scans was not clinically significant. The intraoral scans obtained using confocal microscopy were less affected by the illumination levels than those obtained using the active triangulation technique. Furthermore, the scanning time tended to increase with increasing illumination. CONCLUSIONS Evidently from the limited number of studies conducted, ambient light illumination had considerable influence on the accuracy and scanning time of intraoral scanning, which appeared to be related to the scanning range and imaging technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qing Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Qasem Saleh
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Siadat H, Chitsaz F, Zeighami S, Esmaeilzadeh A. Accuracy of maxillary full-arch digital impressions of tooth and implant models made by two intraoral scanners. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e857. [PMID: 38433306 PMCID: PMC10909798 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Limited studies are available on the accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOSs) for full-arch implant and tooth models. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of maxillary full-arch digital impressions of tooth and implant models made by two IOSs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on two maxillary dentiform models: one with six prepared natural teeth and the other with six implants at the site of canine, first premolar, and first molar teeth, bilaterally. A highly accurate industrial scanner was used for actual measurements on the models that served as the reference scan. TS (Trios3) and CO (CEREC Omnicam) IOSs were then used to scan each model 10 times according to the manufacturer's instructions. All scans were saved in STL format. The GOM Inspect software was used according to the best-fit algorithm to compare the accuracy of measurements in the groups with the reference scan. The trueness and precision were calculated. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS by one-way analysis of variance and t-test (α = .05). RESULTS TS showed a significantly higher trueness than CO for both tooth and implant models (p < .05). TS also revealed significantly higher precision than CO for the tooth model; however, the difference in precision for the implant model was not significant between the two IOSs (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS TS showed higher accuracy than CO in both tooth and implant models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hakimeh Siadat
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Foujan Chitsaz
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Somayeh Zeighami
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of DentistryArak University of Medical SciencesArakIran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu Y, Qi H, Zhang Y, Xie H. 'Gold' lost in restoration: Evaluation of core morphology of custom metal posts and cores, and analysis of precious metal debris. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24946. [PMID: 38312696 PMCID: PMC10835304 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
1 Objectives To investigate the deviations between the morphological dimensions of finished cores and desired dimensions made by three available fabricating techniques. To assess the precious metal loss in custom precious metal post and core restorative treatment in the dental clinic. 2 Methods Titanium posts and cores were fabricated using three different techniques: digital scanning impression technology, digital scanning wax-pattern technology, and the traditional lost-wax casting method. Geomagic Studio was used to fit the scanned model data to the digital design data of the expected preparation and to analyze the 3D deviations between the two. Precious metal debris from the precious metal post and core was collected, processed, weighed and analyzed for precious metal elements by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy layered images. 3 Results In all 48 pairs of models, there were positive and negative deviations, with the largest mean positive deviation of (0.752 ± 0.037 mm) for models made by the semi-digital scanning wax-pattern technique. A total of 7001.3 mg of metals was recovered from the waste streams collected, which contained precious metals-mainly gold, silver, and platinum. 4 Conclusions There were discrepancies between the custom core and the expected preparation regardless of the fabrication process used. The digital scanning impression technology showed better dimensional rationality of crown cores. Custom precious metal posts and cores can have an average precious metal loss of 129.7 mg per case in the dental clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Haowen Qi
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Digital Center, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Haifeng Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Revilla-León M, Lanis A, Yilmaz B, Kois JC, Gallucci GO. Intraoral digital implant scans: Parameters to improve accuracy. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:150-164. [PMID: 37586762 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the means to maximize the predictability and accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans through the evaluation of operator and patient-related factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search of published articles related to factors that can decrease the scanning accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans was completed in four data sources:MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBSCO, and Web of Science. All studies related to variables that can influence the accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans obtained by using intraoral scanners (IOSs) were considered. These variables included ambient lighting, scanning pattern, implant scan body (ISB) design, techniques for splinting ISBs, arch location, implant position, and inter-implant distance. RESULTS Among operator-related factors, ambient lighting conditions, scanning pattern, and ISB design (material, geometry, and retention design) can impact the accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans. The optimal ISB for maximizing IOS accuracy is unclear; however, polymer ISB can wear with multiple reuse and sterilization methods. Among patient-related factors, additional variables should be considered, namely arch (maxillary vs. mandibular arch), implant position in the arch, inter-implant distance, implant depth, and angulation. CONCLUSIONS Ambient lighting conditions should be established based on the IOS selected to optimize the accuracy of intraoral digital implant scans. The optimal scanning pattern may vary based on the IOS, clinical situation, and the number of implants. The optimal ISB design may vary depending on the IOS used. Metallic implant scan bodies are preferred over polymer ISB designs to minimize wear due to multiple use and sterilization distortion. Among patient-related factors, additional variables should be considered namely the arch scanned, implant position in the arch, inter-implant distance, implant depth, and angulation. The impact of these factors may vary depending on the IOS selected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alejandro Lanis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John C Kois
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Private Practice, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - German O Gallucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hardan L, Bourgi R, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Hernández-Cabanillas JC, Zamarripa-Calderón JE, Jorquera G, Ghishan S, Cuevas-Suárez CE. Effect of scanning strategies on the accuracy of digital intraoral scanners: a meta-analysis of in vitro studies. J Adv Prosthodont 2023; 15:315-332. [PMID: 38205120 PMCID: PMC10774636 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.6.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether the accuracy of intraoral scanners is influenced by different scanning strategies in an in vitro setting, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 standard. The following PICOS approach was used: population, tooth impressions; intervention, the use of intraoral scanners with scanning strategies different from the manufacturer's instructions; control, the use of intraoral scanners following the manufacturers' requirements; outcome, accuracy of intraoral scanners; type of studies, in vitro. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various databases including Embase, SciELO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were based on in vitro studies that reported the accuracy of digital impressions using intraoral scanners. Analysis was performed using Review Manager software (version 5.3.5; Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). Global comparisons were made using a standardized mean difference based on random-effect models, with a significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 15 articles. Digital impression accuracy significantly improved under dry conditions (P < 0.001). Moreover, trueness and precision were enhanced when artificial landmarks were used (P ≤ 0.02) and when an S-shaped pattern was followed (P ≤ 0.01). However, the type of light used did not have a significant impact on the accuracy of the digital intraoral scanners (P ≥ 0.16). CONCLUSION The accuracy of digital intraoral scanners can be enhanced by employing scanning processes using artificial landmarks and digital impressions under dry conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Hardan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rim Bourgi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Juan Carlos Hernández-Cabanillas
- Health Sciences Faculty, Autonomous University of Baja California, Blvd Universitario 1000 Valle de Las Palmas, Tijuana, B.C. Mexico
| | - Juan Eliezer Zamarripa-Calderón
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Mexico
| | - Gilbert Jorquera
- Department of Prosthodontics, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ochoa-López G, Revilla-León M, Gómez-Polo M. Impact of color temperature and illuminance of ambient light conditions on the accuracy of complete-arch digital implant scans. Clin Oral Implants Res 2023. [PMID: 38014704 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of color temperature and illuminance of ambient light on the accuracy of different intraoral scanners (IOSs) in complete-arch implant scans. METHODS An edentulous model with six implants and scan bodies was digitized by using a laboratory scanner (DW-7-140; Dental Wings) to obtain a reference mesh. Fifteen scans were performed employing two intraoral scanners (Trios 4;3Shape A/S and i700; Medit Co) at two illuminances (500 and 1000 lux) and three color temperatures (3200, 4400, and 5600 K). Scanning accuracy was measured by using a 3D metrology software program (Geomagic Control X). Kruskal-Wallis, one-way ANOVA, and pairwise comparison tests were used to analyze the data (α = .05). RESULTS Significant differences in trueness and precision values were found among the different IOSs under the same ambient lighting condition and among the different lighting conditions for a given IOS (p < .05) except for trueness in i700 groups (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS The influence on the accuracy of color temperature and illuminance varied depending on the intraoral scanner. An optimal ambient scanning light condition was not found; this should be adjusted based on the specific IOS system used. 3200 K of ambient light influences the precision of i700 when performed at 1000 lux, decreasing the accuracy. The variation of color temperature at the same illuminance does not affect the scanning accuracy of TRIOS 4, which obtained better accuracy in all scans at 1000 lux.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Ochoa-López
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Revilla-León
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Gómez-Polo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Elter B, Tak Ö. Effect of substrate adjacent to the scan region on the trueness of four intraoral scanners: An in vitro study. J Dent 2023; 138:104729. [PMID: 37778497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the trueness of four commercially available intraoral scanners (IOSs) on scanning different substrates that existed in the adjacent proximal contact area. METHODS Four IOSs (TRIOS 4, TRIOS 3, Primescan, Omnicam) were used for scanning the intact enamel surface of a molar tooth, and six restorative materials (zirconia, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, composite resin, hybrid ceramic, feldspathic ceramic, metal) that were located at the adjacent proximal contact area of the same tooth. Reference scans were obtained using an extraoral scanner (inEos X5). A 3-dimensional analyzing software (Geomagic Control X) was used to compare the reference and tested scans. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni correction was performed for statistical analyses (α=0.05). RESULTS TRIOS 3 and TRIOS 4 showed higher trueness than Primescan, and Primescan showed higher trueness than Omnicam (p<0.001), while there were no differences between TRIOS 3 and TRIOS 4. Metal showed significantly higher Root Mean Square values (0.273 ± 0.24 mm) than other substrates. No difference was found between the scanners' zirconia, lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, composite, and feldspathic ceramic scans (p > 0.05). For the metal, TRIOS 3 and TRIOS 4 showed higher trueness than Primescan and Omnicam, while Omnicam showed lower trueness among all scanners. For the hybrid ceramic, TRIOS 3 showed higher trueness than Omnicam (p<0.001). For the enamel, TRIOS 3 showed higher trueness than Primescan and Omnicam (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The trueness of IOSs can be affected by the substrates that exist in the proximal contact area. Amongst all, the metal substrate affected most the trueness of the IOSs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The clinician should decide on the impression system, taking into account that the IOS and the surfaces to be scanned affect the trueness of the digital data. The deviation of the digital impression would be high in the presence of a metal restoration on the adjacent proximal surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Elter
- Baskent University, Istanbul Hospital, Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Önjen Tak
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Istinye University, Topkapı, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sombun S, Ongthiemsak C. In vitro study of the accuracy and efficiency of wireless intraoral scanners at various battery levels. J Dent 2023; 138:104686. [PMID: 37666467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the trueness and precision of 2 wireless intraoral scanners (IOSs) under various battery levels, and assess scanning efficiency. METHODS A maxillary cast with 4 metal spheres attached was fabricated. Two wireless IOSs (TRIOS 3 and TRIOS 4) were evaluated under 3 battery levels (1-30%, 31-60%, and 61-100%; n = 30). Six horizontal distances and 1 vertical distance were measured between 4 spherical centers and 1 generated plane. The distance deviations were determined with a coordinate-measuring machine data set. Kruskal-Wallis and Levene tests were used to analyze trueness and precision. Scan time and the number of three-dimensional (3D) images captured were analyzed by using a 2-way analysis of variance. RESULTS In terms of trueness and precision, no significant differences were found at various battery levels over the majority of the measured distances. TRIOS 4 demonstrated better trueness than TRIOS 3 for cross-arch scan. The 61-100% battery level resulted in the shortest scan time and the least number of 3D images captured (p < 0.001). Scan time and number of 3D images captured were strongly correlated for TRIOS 3 (r = 0.66) and TRIOS 4 (r = 0.89). CONCLUSIONS Changes in battery level had no impact on the trueness and precision of TRIOS 3 and TRIOS 4. High battery level IOSs resulted in faster scans and fewer 3D images captured with less storage space. TRIOS 4 scanned faster, captured fewer images, and demonstrated better trueness than TRIOS 3. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Although all battery levels of wireless IOSs provide comparable trueness and precision, a wireless IOS with a high battery level is more time efficient than one with a low battery level in complete-arch scan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santisuk Sombun
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Kanjanavanich road, Hat Yai District, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Chakree Ongthiemsak
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Kanjanavanich road, Hat Yai District, Songkhla, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alkadi L. A Comprehensive Review of Factors That Influence the Accuracy of Intraoral Scanners. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3291. [PMID: 37958187 PMCID: PMC10650453 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13213291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraoral scanners (IOSs) have become increasingly popular in the field of dentistry for capturing accurate digital impressions of patients' teeth and oral structures. This study investigates the various factors influencing their accuracy. An extensive search of scholarly literature was carried out via PubMed, utilizing appropriate keywords. Factors evaluated in the included studies were categorized into three primary divisions: those related to the operator, the patient, and the IOS itself. The analysis demonstrated that the accuracy of intraoral scanning is influenced by various factors such as scanner selection, operator skill, calibration, patient's oral anatomy, ambient conditions, and scanning aids. Maintaining updated software and understanding factors beyond scanner resolution are crucial for optimal accuracy. Conversely, smaller IOS tips, fast scanning speeds, and specific scanning patterns compromise the accuracy and precision. By understanding these factors, dental professionals can make more informed decisions and enhance the accuracy of IOSs, leading to improved final dental restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Alkadi
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shah N, Thakur M, Gill S, Shetty O, Alqahtani NM, Al-Qarni MA, Alqahtani SM, Elagib MFA, Chaturvedi S. Validation of Digital Impressions' Accuracy Obtained Using Intraoral and Extraoral Scanners: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5833. [PMID: 37762774 PMCID: PMC10532392 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, the evidence regarding digital impressions' accuracy recorded by using digital scanners is lacking. This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether the type of scanning (intraoral/extraoral) affects the Accuracy of Digital Impressions. METHOD Two independent reviewers performed a systematic search in the database both electronically and manually (PubMed, Ebsco HOST, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) for articles published from 1 January 2010 to 1 December 2022. This study was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42020188765) and followed the PRISMA statement. The question in focus was as follows: Does the type of scanning (intraoral or extraoral) affect the accuracy of digital impression? RESULTS A total of 449 papers were obtained by searching electronically and manually. In total, 15 complete-text papers qualified for assessment based on eligibility criteria. After reading the full-text articles, five studies were excluded. Ten studies were selected for the qualitative analysis. The qualitative data reported that the accuracy of both types of scanners (intraoral and extraoral) lies within the range of clinical acceptability. Nevertheless, the intraoral scanners seem to be more accurate when compared to the extraoral scanners for a partial arch situation. CONCLUSIONS Scanning type affects the accuracy of the digital impression. Various factors influence the scanning ability. Intraoral scanners seem to be more accurate compared to extraoral scanners for a partial arch situation. More studies comparing the accuracy of the intraoral scanner and extraoral scanner for a complete arch scan and in an in vivo study setting are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naisargi Shah
- Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai 400706, Maharashtra, India; (N.S.); (M.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Mrinmyaee Thakur
- Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai 400706, Maharashtra, India; (N.S.); (M.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Shruti Gill
- Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai 400706, Maharashtra, India; (N.S.); (M.T.); (S.G.)
| | - Omkar Shetty
- Department of Prosthodontics, SGT Dental College Gurugram, Gurgaon 122505, Haryana, India;
| | - Nasser M. Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Qarni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 3263, Abha 61471, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saeed M. Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Fadul A. Elagib
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences (PCS), College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saurabh Chaturvedi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (N.M.A.); (S.M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sindhu JS, Maiti S, Nallaswamy D. Comparative analysis on efficiency and accuracy of parallel confocal microscopy and three-dimensional in motion video with triangulation technology-based intraoral scanner under influence of moisture and mouth opening - A crossover clinical trial. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2023; 23:234-243. [PMID: 37929362 PMCID: PMC10467319 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_65_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The intraoral scanners are digital devices used to digitise the oral tissues. The accuracy of the intraoral scanners has been studied under different environmental conditions, but there might be differences that occur in the actual oral environment, which is still in question. The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of Parallel Confocal Microscopy and 3D in motion video with triangulation technology-based intraoral scanners under the influence of moisture and mouth opening. Settings and Design This was an Cross over clinical controlled study. Materials and Methods The controlled in vivo study included healthy subjects who were in need of CBCT for the purpose of locating the position of unerupted third molars before going abroad for a job. The subjects were exposed to scans in the upper and lower jaws with two intraoral scanners based on 3D motion video technology with triangulation (Medit) and parallel confocal microscopy (Trios) under the influence of two oral conditions, which were moisture (presence and absence of moisture) and mouth opening (30 mm and 50 mm, respectively). A total of 96 scans were obtained and superimposed individually over the reference CBCT scans to find the deviations in the Geomagic Rapidform (version 2020, USA) software. The efficiency of the scanners was calculated by recording the time taken and the number of images obtained after each scan. Statistical Analysis Used The significance was calculated by using the independent and paired sample t test in SPSS software (IBM, version 23). Results Based on the surface analysis, the trueness of the intra-oral scanners had statistically significant differences when compared between 3D in motion video technology with Triangulation and Parallel Confocal Microscopy (P < 0.05) whereas no statistical significance was observed in precision. There was a significant difference observed in the efficiency of the intra-oral scanners (P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a significant difference in the accuracy and efficiency of the intraoral scanners under the influence of oral conditions, such as different moisture levels and mouth opening conditions. 3D in motion video technology with Triangulation showed better results with the least deviation than Parallel Confocal Microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Senthamil Sindhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Nallaswamy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Róth I, Hermann P, Vitai V, Joós-Kovács GL, Géczi Z, Borbély J. Comparison of the learning curve of intraoral scanning with two different intraoral scanners based on scanning time. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:267. [PMID: 37161444 PMCID: PMC10170701 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The appearance of intraoral scanners (IOSs) in dental offices was an important milestones for the digital innovations in dentistry. Knowing the learning curve for intraoral scanning is crucial, because it can serve as a guideline for clinicians before buying a new IOS. The aim of the present in vivo study was to determine the learning curve required by dental students for intraoral scanning with the 3Shape Trios 4 IOS and the CEREC Primescan IOS, based on scanning time. METHODS A total of 20 dental students with no previous experience in intraoral scanning participated in the present study. 10 students scanned with Trios 4® IOS (TRI) and 10 students took digital impressions with Primescan® IOS (CER). Every student created 15 digital impressions from patients. Prior to taking the impressions, theoretical and practical education was provided. The total scanning time included the upper and lower arches as well as bite registration, for which average values were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Stata package with a mixed-effects generalized least squares regression models. RESULTS The average total scanning times were the following: TRI - 205 s for the 1st impression, 133.6 s for the 15th, CER - 289.8 s for the 1st impression, 147 s for the 15th. The model-based estimate of the difference between the two in case of TRI was 57.5 s, and in CER was 144.2 s which is a highly significant improvement in both cases (P < 0.0001). The slope of the scanning time vs. learning phase curve gradually approached flatness, and maintained a plateau: TRI - from the 11th measurement and CER - from the 14th measurement onward. CONCLUSIONS Given the limitations of the present study, we found difference between the learning curve of scanner types which are operate various principle of imaging. In case of the TRI fewer digital impressions (11 repeating) were sufficient to reach the average scanning time of an experienced user than using CER (14 repeating). TRIAL REGISTRATION The permission for this study was given by the University Ethics Committee of Semmelweis University (SE RKEB number: 184/2022).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivett Róth
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
| | - Péter Hermann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - Viktória Vitai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Géczi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - Judit Borbély
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi street 47, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liaropoulou GM, Kamposiora P, Quílez JB, Cantó-Navés O, Foskolos PG. Reverse impression technique: A fully digital protocol for the fabrication of the definitive fixed prosthesis for completely edentulous patients. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00125-7. [PMID: 36964045 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
In complete arch implant rehabilitation, one of the greatest difficulties still encountered in the digital workflow is the deviation of the implant position during intraoral scanner (IOS) data acquisition. As a result, the passivity of a definitive prosthesis fabricated using IOS data might be compromised. Thus, an implant position verification method is essential, either digitally or conventionally executed. A fully digital protocol for the fabrication of the definitive fixed prosthesis for completely edentulous patients, without the interference of any conventional step within the digital process, is presented. For the verification of the captured position of the scan-bodies, novel scan analogs were connected to the interim prosthesis extraorally and scanned. The virtual superimposition of the interim prosthesis intraorally with the same prosthesis extraorally served as a verification device for the position of the implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giolanta M Liaropoulou
- Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Phophi Kamposiora
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jorge Bertos Quílez
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Cantó-Navés
- Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pindaros G Foskolos
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rothlauf S, Pieralli S, Wesemann C, Burkhardt F, Vach K, Kernen F, Spies BC. Influence of planning software and surgical template design on the accuracy of static computer assisted implant surgery performed using surgical guides fabricated with material extrusion technology: An in vitro study. J Dent 2023; 132:104482. [PMID: 36931618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro study aimed to assess the influence of the planning software and design of the surgical template on both trueness and precision of static computer assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) performed using surgical guides fabricated using material extrusion (ME). METHODS Three-dimensional radiographic and surface scans of a typodont were aligned using two planning software (coDiagnostiX, CDX; ImplantStudio, IST) to virtually position the two adjacent oral implants. Thereafter, surgical guides were created with either an original (O) or modified (M) design with reduced occlusal support and were steam sterilized. Forty surgical guides were used to instal 80 implants equally distributed among four groups: CDX-O, CDX-M, IST-O, and IST-M. Thereafter, the scan bodies were adapted to the implants and digitised. Finally, inspection software was used to assess discrepancies between the planned and final positions at the implant shoulder and main axis level. Multilevel mixed-effects generalised linear models were used for statistical analyses (p = 0.05). RESULTS In terms of trueness, the largest average vertical deviations (0.29 ± 0.07 mm) could be assessed for CDX-M. Overall, vertical errors were significantly dependent on the design (O < M; p ≤ 0.001). Furthermore, in horizontal direction, the largest mean discrepancy was 0.32 ± 0.09 mm (IST-O) and 0.31 ± 0.13 mm (CDX-M). CDX-O was superior compared to IST-O (p = 0.003) regarding horizontal trueness. The average deviations regarding the main implant axis ranged between 1.36 ± 0.41 ° (CDX-O) and 2.63 ± 0.87 ° (CDX-M). In terms of precision, mean standard deviation intervals of ≤ 0.12 mm (IST-O and -M) and ≤ 1.09 ° (CDX-M) were calculated. CONCLUSIONS Implant installation with clinically acceptable deviations is possible with ME surgical guides. Both evaluated variables affected trueness and precision with negligible differences. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The planning system and design influenced the accuracy of implant installation using ME-based surgical guides. Nevertheless, discrepancies were ≤ 0.32 mm and ≤ 2.63 °, which may be considered within the range of clinical acceptance. ME should be further investigated as an alternative to the more expensive and time-consuming 3D printing technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Severin Rothlauf
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Stefano Pieralli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt - Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Wesemann
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Felix Burkhardt
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Zinkmattenstr. 6A, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Florian Kernen
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Benedikt Christopher Spies
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine - University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Revilla-León M, Kois DE, Kois JC. A guide for maximizing the accuracy of intraoral digital scans. Part 1: Operator factors. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:230-240. [PMID: 36479807 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the factors related to the operator skills and decisions that influence the scanning accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOSs). A new classification for these factors is proposed to facilitate dental professionals' decision making when using IOSs and maximize the accuracy and reliability of intraoral digital scans. OVERVIEW Each IOS system is limited by the hardware and software characteristics of the selected device. The operator decisions that can influence the accuracy of IOSs include the scanning technology and system selection, scanning head size, calibration, scanning distance, exposure of the IOS to ambient temperature changes, ambient humidity, ambient lighting conditions, operator experience, scanning pattern, extension of the scan, cutting off, rescanning, and overlapping procedures. CONCLUSIONS The knowledge and understanding of the operator factors that impact scanning accuracy of IOSs is a fundamental element for maximizing the accuracy of IOSs and for successfully integrating IOSs in daily practices. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Operator skills and clinical decisions significantly impact intraoral scanning accuracy. Dental professionals must know and understand these influencing operator factors for maximizing the accuracy of IOSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dean E Kois
- Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Private Practice, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John C Kois
- Kois Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Private Practice, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hou X, Xu X, Zhao M, Kong J, Wang M, Lee ES, Jia Q, Jiang HB. An overview of three-dimensional imaging devices in dentistry. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:1179-1196. [PMID: 35968802 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review four types of three-dimensional imaging devices: intraoral scanners, extraoral scanners, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and facial scanners, in terms of their development, technologies, advantages, disadvantages, accuracy, influencing factors, and applications in dentistry. METHODS PubMed (National Library of Medicine) and Google Scholar databases were searched. Additionally, the scanner manufacturers' websites were accessed to obtain relevant data. Four authors independently selected the articles, books, and websites. To exclude duplicates and scrutinize the data, they were uploaded to Mendeley Data. In total, 135 articles, two books, and 17 websites were included. RESULTS Research and clinical practice have shown that oral and facial scanners and CBCT can be used widely in various areas of dentistry with high accuracy. CONCLUSION Although further advancement of these devices is desirable, there is no doubt that digital technology represents the future of dentistry. Furthermore, the combined use of different devices may bring dentistry into a new era. These four devices will play a significant role in clinical utility with high accuracy. The combined use of these devices should be explored further. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The four devices will play a significant role in clinical use with high accuracy. The combined use of these devices should be explored further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Hou
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Menghua Zhao
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiawen Kong
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingchang Wang
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Eui-Seok Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Qi Jia
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Heng Bo Jiang
- The Conversationalist Club, School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Understanding the effect of scan spans on the accuracy of intraoral and desktop scanners. J Dent 2022; 124:104220. [PMID: 35817227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to measure and compare the accuracy (trueness and precision) of intraoral scanners and desktop scanners when scanning different spans. METHODS Three plaster models representing different spans (full arch, half arch, and three teeth) were obtained from conventional silicone impressions of a maxillary typodont and used as the scanning objects. An industrial scanner (ATOS III Triple Scan) was used to scan the three plaster models to obtain reference digital models. The plaster models were then scanned using two intraoral scanners (Trios 3 and Primescan) and two desktop scanners (LS3 and D2000) to obtain test digital models. The reference and test models were imported into professional reverse engineering software for processing and analysis. The root mean square value indicated differences between the reference and test models. Two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Two-way ANOVA tests revealed significant differences in trueness and precision for different scan spans (p < 0.001) and different scanners (p < 0.001), which indicates that the scanner types and scan spans affect the accuracy of the scanner. There was no significant difference in the accuracy of the D2000 at three different scan spans (trueness: 23.82 ± 0.22 µm, 21.53 ± 0.18 µm, and 21.02 ± 0.27 µm respectively; precision: 7.86 ± 0.83 µm, 7.87 ± 1.11 µm, and 7.82 ± 0.84 µm respectively). For the LS3 and the two intraoral scanners, the accuracy of the full arch scan (LS 3, trueness: 33.35 ± 0.47 µm, precision:15.36 ± 3.10 µm; Trios 3, trueness: 46.92 ± 9.23 µm, precision:20.79 ± 3.08 µm; Primescan, trueness: 28.73 ± 0.77 µm, precision:15.74 ± 2.45 µm) was significantly lower than that of the half arch (LS 3, trueness: 27.27 ± 0.43 µm, precision:5.62 ± 0.88 µm; trios 3, Trueness: 22.29 ± 1.50 µm, precision:14.12 ± 2.25 µm; Primescan, trueness: 18.91 ± 0.70 µm, precision:7.94 ± 1.09 µm) and three teeth scans (LS 3, trueness: 24.68 ± 0.36 µm, precision:5.29 ± 0.62 µm; Trios 3, trueness: 16.92 ± 0.78 µm, precision:11.95 ± 2.22 µm; Primescan, trueness: 15.79 ± 0.65 µm, precision:7.68 ± 0.62 µm). CONCLUSIONS The scan span affected the accuracy of the intraoral scanners, but not necessarily the accuracy of the desktop scanners.
Collapse
|
19
|
Accuracy of Digital Impression Taking with Intraoral Scanners and Fabrication of CAD/CAM Posts and Cores in a Fully Digital Workflow. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124199. [PMID: 35744261 PMCID: PMC9228234 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Current intraoral scanners (IOS) enable direct impression taking for computer-aided de-sign/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) posts and cores (P+C) with subsequent milling out of monolithic materials. The aim of this in vitro study was to systematically investigate the accuracy of CAD/CAM-P+C in a fully digital workflow, considering different IOS impression methods (Primescan (PRI), Trios4 without (TRI) and with scanpost (TRI+SP)) (Part A), and CAD/CAM milling of zirconium dioxid (ZIR) and resin composite (COM)-P+C (Part B). Five human models were developed in this study. Micro-CT imaging was used as a reference (REF). For Part A, the models were scanned 12 times for each impression method. Then, IOS datasets (n = 180) were superimposed with REF, and scan accuracy was determined using 3D software (GOMInspect). For Part B, one CAD/CAM-P+C (n = 30) was milled for each model, impression method, and material. The triple-scan method was applied using an industrial scanner (ATOS) to determine the accuracy of the fit. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Part A showed for PRI significantly lower accuracy than TRI and TRI+SP (p < 0.05). The data of Part B revealed significantly higher accuracy for ZIR than for COM (p < 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, CAD/CAM-P+C of the ZIR can be recommended for fabrication in a fully digital workflow regarding the accuracy of fit.
Collapse
|
20
|
Scanning Distance Influence on the Intraoral Scanning Accuracy—An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093061. [PMID: 35591397 PMCID: PMC9103333 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Intraoral scanners (IOS) have reached a point where their impact in the dental office cannot be denied. The distance between the tip of the IOS and the preparation may have implications on the accuracy of the digital model. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in accuracy between digital impressions in the scenario of different scanning distances. Twenty consecutive scans were performed at five predetermined distances: 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm and 23 mm by a single operator. The scanning distance of 10 mm displayed the best accuracy with an overall trueness value of 23.05 μm and precision value of 4.2 μm. The drawn conclusion was that increased scanning distances can decrease the accuracy of a digital impression.
Collapse
|
21
|
New Caries Diagnostic Tools in Intraoral Scanners: A Comparative In Vitro Study to Established Methods in Permanent and Primary Teeth. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22062156. [PMID: 35336328 PMCID: PMC8950989 DOI: 10.3390/s22062156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to systematically investigate new caries diagnostic tools, including three intraoral scanners, and compare them to established diagnostic methods. For a standardized analysis of occlusal and proximal caries lesions, human permanent and primary teeth (n = 64) were embedded in models and investigated in a phantom head using six different caries diagnostic methods: visual examination, bitewing radiography, Diagnocam (KaVo, Biberach, Germany), Trios 4 (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark), iTero Element 5D (Align Technology, San José, CA, USA), and Planmeca Emerald S (Planmeca, Helsinki, Finland). The diagnostic methods were investigated and compared to reference µ-CT for permanent and primary teeth separately. For occlusal caries diagnostics in permanent teeth, the best agreement to the reference (reliability) was obtained for Planmeca Emerald S (ĸ = 0.700), whereas in primary teeth, for visual examination (ĸ = 0.927), followed by Trios 4 (ĸ = 0.579). Regarding proximal caries diagnostics, bitewing radiography, as the gold standard, exhibited the highest agreement for permanent (ĸ = 0.643) and primary teeth (ĸ = 0.871). Concerning the analysis of the diagnostic quality (sensitivity and specificity) using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, comparable findings were obtained for area under curve (AUC) values as for reliability. No diagnostic method could be identified that is generally suitable for occlusal and proximal lesions in both dentitions. Overall, caries diagnostics with intraoral scanners seem to be interesting tools that should be further investigated in clinical studies.
Collapse
|
22
|
OUP accepted manuscript. Eur J Orthod 2022; 44:588-594. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
23
|
Peroz S, Spies BC, Adali U, Beuer F, Wesemann C. Measured accuracy of intraoral scanners is highly dependent on methodical factors. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:318-325. [PMID: 34456211 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Peroz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedikt Christopher Spies
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ufuk Adali
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Beuer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Wesemann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jivanescu A, Faur AB, Rotar RN. Can Dental Office Lighting Intensity Conditions Influence the Accuracy of Intraoral Scanning? SCANNING 2021; 2021:9980590. [PMID: 34131466 PMCID: PMC8179770 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9980590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different settings of ambient light intensity inside the dental office on the accuracy (trueness and precision) of an intraoral scanner (IOS). A full crown preparation was conducted on a resin molar which was scanned using a high resolution extraoral scanner to obtain a reference model. Six light settings were chosen based on the most clinically relevant light conditions inside the workspace, and the preparation was scanned using an intraoral scanner (PlanScan, Planmeca). The obtained data was analyzed using a professional 3D quality control software (Geomagic Control X). There was no statistically relevant difference between the groups when regarding trueness, although a slight influence of the light intensity could be observed on the trueness values. Regarding precision, the best results were obtained in the 3800 lux group, with the other groups presenting close values, excepting the extreme values (400 lux and 11 000 lux) groups that proved to be the most deficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Jivanescu
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, TADERP Research Center, Timisoara, B-dul Revolutiei 1989, No 9, 300580, Romania
| | - Andrei-Bogdan Faur
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara (UMFT), Romania
| | - Raul Nicolae Rotar
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, TADERP Research Center, Timisoara, B-dul Revolutiei 1989, No 9, 300580, Romania
| |
Collapse
|