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Wang X, Cui H, Chen Z, Wang L, Chen J, Yi M, Xiao G, Zhang J, Chen H, Xu C. MC design and FIB preparation of a YSZ biochemical material microstructure. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 147:106152. [PMID: 37776762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at the difficulty of traditional machining of Y2O3-ZrO2 (YSZ) inert ceramic materials, a different method using focused ion beam to selectively create nanoscale microscale structures on the surface of materials was proposed. The sputtering yield, surface damage, and the energy loss of YSZ materials was investigated using the SRIM software using the Monte Carlo method. It is shown that the sputtering yield increases with ion energy in the range 0-30 keV, reaching a maximum of 9.4 atoms/ion at 30 keV. At an ion beam voltage of 30 keV, the most severe damage to the material is 8 mm on the surface. At the same time, the main forms of energy loss in the treatment are phonon energy loss and ionization energy loss, of which phonon energy loss due to the recoil atoms is the largest. In addition, we continue to perform focused ion beam processing experiments on YSZ materials, combining previous MC modeling to optimize different operating conditions such as ion beam, voltage and processing mode. The optimized processing parameters are 30 keV and 2.5 nA. It is shown that the quality of the deep grooves gradually improves with decreasing ion beam current at the same ion beam voltage. However, an excessively small ion beam current leads to an excessively large depth of the deep grooves and lengthy processing times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Hao Cui
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Shandong Machinery Design and Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250031, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Measurement and Control, Technology for Light Industry in Universities of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China.
| | - Li Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Measurement and Control, Technology for Light Industry in Universities of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Measurement and Control, Technology for Light Industry in Universities of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Mingdong Yi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Measurement and Control, Technology for Light Industry in Universities of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Guangchun Xiao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Shandong Machinery Design and Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250031, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Measurement and Control, Technology for Light Industry in Universities of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Measurement and Control, Technology for Light Industry in Universities of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Measurement and Control, Technology for Light Industry in Universities of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
| | - Chonghai Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China; Shandong Machinery Design and Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250031, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Measurement and Control, Technology for Light Industry in Universities of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China
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Luna-Domínguez CR, Luna-Domínguez JH, Blatz M. Full-mouth rehabilitation in a completely digital workflow using partially adhesive monolithic zirconia restorations. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:1050-1057. [PMID: 37026815 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This clinical case describes a completely digital workflow using current digital technologies for a full-mouth adhesive rehabilitation with ultra-translucent multilayer zirconia restorations. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS A healthy 60-year-old man with abfractions on all upper and lower molars and severe tooth wear underwent a full-mouth rehabilitation with laminate veneers and partial adhesive restorations. A proper zirconia bonding protocol was realized to provide a durable bond between the ultra-translucent zirconia and the resin cement. Furthermore, the implementation of a digital workflow enables the clinician to have an effective communication during treatment planning and simplify the clinical and laboratory procedures, providing the patient with long-term esthetic treatment and functional results. CONCLUSION The implementation of a completely digital workflow and the use of ultra-translucent multilayer zirconia for indirect adhesive restorations can be an alternative with simplified and predictable procedures for patients with dental wear and teeth discolorations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The digital workflow described is intended to facilitate the planning and execution of a full-mouth adhesive rehabilitation and demonstrates to clinicians a reliable zirconia bonding concept for minimally invasive anterior and posterior restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Roberto Luna-Domínguez
- Department of Prosthodontics, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, School of Dentistry, Tampico-Madero University Center, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico
- Private Practice, Odontología Avanzada, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Jorge Humberto Luna-Domínguez
- Private Practice, Odontología Avanzada, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico
- Research Center, Autonomous University of Tamaulipas, School of Dentistry, Tampico-Madero University Center, Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Markus Blatz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Ellakany P, Aly NM, Alghamdi MM, Alameer ST, Alshehri T, Akhtar S, Madi M. Effect of Different Scaling Methods on the Surface Topography of Different CAD/CAM Ceramic Compositions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2974. [PMID: 37109810 PMCID: PMC10143924 DOI: 10.3390/ma16082974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of ultrasonic and manual scaling using different scaler materials on the surface topography of computer-aided designing and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic compositions. After scaling with manual and ultrasonic scalers, the surface properties of four classes of CAD/CAM ceramic discs: lithium disilicate (IPE), leucite-reinforced (IPS), advanced lithium disilicate (CT), and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (CD) of 1.5 mm thickness were evaluated. Surface roughness was measured before and after treatment, and scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the surface topography following the performed scaling procedures. Two-way ANOVA was conducted to assess the association of the ceramic material and scaling method with the surface roughness. There was a significant difference in the surface roughness between the ceramic materials subjected to different scaling methods (p < 0.001). Post-hoc analyses revealed significant differences between all groups except for IPE and IPS where no significant differences were detected between them. CD showed the highest surface roughness values, while CT showed the lowest surface roughness values for the control specimens and after exposure to different scaling methods. Moreover, the specimens subjected to ultrasonic scaling displayed the highest roughness values, while the least surface roughness was noted with the plastic scaling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt
| | - Maram M. Alghamdi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad T. Alameer
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Alshehri
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Akhtar
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Madi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
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Ellakany P, Madi M, Aly NM, Alshehri T, Alameer ST, Al-Harbi FA. Influences of Different CAD/CAM Ceramic Compositions and Thicknesses on the Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Restorations: An In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16020646. [PMID: 36676383 PMCID: PMC9865408 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the influences of different CAD/CAM ceramic compositions and thicknesses on the surface roughness and hardness of ceramic restorations. Four different ceramics were used in the current study: lithium disilicate (LD), leucite reinforced (LE), advanced lithium disilicate (ALD), and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS). Each group included 30 specimens subdivided into three different ceramic thicknesses (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mm thicknesses). The microhardness was measured for all the specimens using a microhardness testing machine, while the surface roughness was measured using a non-contact optical profilometer at three intervals (before toothbrushing and after toothbrushing, with and without toothpaste). Three-way and two-way ANOVA were used to determine the factors influencing the surface roughness and microhardness. There was a significant difference in the surface roughness between the studied groups for all the thicknesses. The findings showed that ALD had the lowest surface roughness, while ZLS showed the highest surface roughness. Moreover, ALD, followed by ZLS, had the highest hardness, while LD and LE had the lowest hardness values. Regarding the thicknesses, both the 0.5 and 1 mm ceramic thicknesses showed a significantly lower surface roughness than the 1.5 mm thickness, while the 1.5 mm thickness showed a significantly higher microhardness than the 0.5 mm thickness. The surface roughness and hardness were significantly affected by the ceramic composition and type of filler. It is recommended to use 1.5 mm-thick ceramic materials for the fabrication of definitive full-coverage ceramic restorations, while veneers require 0.5 mm-thick materials. ALD is a promising CAD/CAM material that can be used for the fabrication of restorations with a proper strength in both anterior and posterior regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-547812107
| | - Marwa Madi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt
| | - Turki Alshehri
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad T. Alameer
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Al-Harbi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 32210, Saudi Arabia
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Vasiliu RD, Uțu ID, Rusu L, Boloș A, Porojan L. Fractographic and Microhardness Evaluation of All-Ceramic Hot-Pressed and CAD/CAM Restorations after Hydrothermal Aging. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:3987. [PMID: 35683294 PMCID: PMC9182156 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
All-ceramic dental restorations have great advantages, such as highly esthetical properties, a less complex fabrication, and a similar abrasion resistance to enamel. Despite these advantages, ceramic materials are more prone to fracture due to their brittle microstructure. The main aim of this in vitro study was to determine the difference in hot-pressed and milled glass-ceramic mechanical properties such as fracture resistance and microhardness (VHN). Four types of ceramics, two hot-pressed and two milled, feldspathic glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced glass-ceramics were selected in this study and tested using the static loading test and Vicker’s testing. Hydrothermal aging, consisting of different baths with temperatures between 5 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius, was chosen as the in vitro aging method. Statistical analyses are performed using SPSS Statistics software at a significance level of p < 0.05. Micro-hardness values decrease after hydrothermal aging. The static loading test reveals a significant difference between the feldspathic hot-pressed glass-ceramic, which fractures at lower forces, and milled zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic, which fractures at greater forces (N). Fractographic analysis of the fractured fragments resulted in the static loading test revealing different surface features about the crack origins and propagations under a stereomicroscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Diana Vasiliu
- Center for Advanced Technologies in Dental Prosthodontics, Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Ion-Dragoș Uțu
- Departament of Materials Engineering and Fabrication, University of Politehnică Timişoara, Bd. Mihai Viteazul nr.1, 300222 Timişoara, Romania;
| | - Lucian Rusu
- Department Mechanics and Vibrations, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Politehnica University, 1 Mihai Viteazu Street, 300222 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Adrian Boloș
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation (Dental Technique), Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Liliana Porojan
- Center for Advanced Technologies in Dental Prosthodontics, Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
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Tokunaga J, Ikeda H, Nagamatsu Y, Awano S, Shimizu H. Wear of Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network Materials against Enamel. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072435. [PMID: 35407767 PMCID: PMC8999962 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network materials (PICNs) have high mechanical compatibility with human enamel. However, the wear properties of PICN against natural human enamel have not yet been clarified. We investigated the in vitro two-body wear behaviors of PICNs and an enamel antagonist. Two PICNs were used: Experimental PICN (EXP) prepared via the infiltration of methacrylate-based resin into the porous silica ceramic network and commercial Vita Enamic (ENA). Two commercial dental ceramics, lithium disilicate glass (LDS) and zirconia (ZIR), were also characterized, and their wear performance was compared to PICNs. The samples were subjected to Vickers hardness tests and two-body wear tests that involve the samples being cyclically impacted by enamel antagonists underwater at 37 °C. The results reveal that the Vickers hardness of EXP (301 ± 36) was closest to that of enamel (317 ± 17). The volumetric wear losses of EXP and ENA were similar to those of LDS but higher than that of zirconia. The volumetric wear loss of the enamel antagonist impacted against EXP was moderate among the examined samples. These results suggest that EXP has wear behavior similar to that of enamel. Therefore, PICNs are mechanically comparable to enamel in terms of hardness and wear and are excellent tooth-restoration materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Tokunaga
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan; (J.T.); (Y.N.); (H.S.)
- Division of Clinical Education Development and Research, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan; (J.T.); (Y.N.); (H.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuki Nagamatsu
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan; (J.T.); (Y.N.); (H.S.)
| | - Shuji Awano
- Division of Clinical Education Development and Research, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Division of Biomaterials, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka 803-8580, Japan; (J.T.); (Y.N.); (H.S.)
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Hinz S, Bensel T, Bömicke W, Henningsen A, Rudolph J, Boeckler AF. Impact of the Veneering Technique and Framework Material on the Failure Loads of All-Ceramic Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing Fixed Partial Dentures. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030756. [PMID: 35160701 PMCID: PMC8836578 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Zirconia (Y-TZP) ceramics are considered as posterior fixed partial denture (FPD) materials; however, their applications are limited due to chipping. The use of monolithic lithium disilicate (LiDi) glass ceramics in posterior FPDs can be advantageous. This in vitro study aims to compare the loads until failure of posterior Y-TZP-FPDs and LiDi-FPDs before and after aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hinz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 16, 06112 Halle, Germany; (J.R.); (A.F.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.B.)
| | - Tobias Bensel
- Department of Prosthodontics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 16, 06112 Halle, Germany; (J.R.); (A.F.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (T.B.)
| | - Wolfgang Bömicke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Anders Henningsen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Judith Rudolph
- Department of Prosthodontics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 16, 06112 Halle, Germany; (J.R.); (A.F.B.)
| | - Arne F. Boeckler
- Department of Prosthodontics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstraße 16, 06112 Halle, Germany; (J.R.); (A.F.B.)
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