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Zhang R, Wang Q, Yang J. Potential of sphingosine-1-phosphate in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection by stabilizing and protecting endothelial cells: Narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29164. [PMID: 35475801 PMCID: PMC9276324 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread worldwide, resulting in over 250 million infections and >5 million deaths. Most antiviral drugs and vaccines have shown limited efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. Clinical data revealed that except for the large number of self-healing mild cases, moderate and severe cases mostly survived after supportive treatment but not specific drug administration or vaccination. The endothelial system is the first physiological barrier, and its structural stability is of critical importance in conferring disease resistance. Membrane lipid components, particularly sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), play a central role in stabilizing the cell membrane.Here, we used "Boolean Operators" such as AND, OR, and NOT, to search for relevant research articles in PubMed, then reviewed the potential of S1P in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection by stabilizing the endothelial system, this is the major aim of this review work.Reportedly, vasculitis and systemic inflammatory vascular diseases are caused by endothelial damage resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. S1P, S1P receptor (SIPR), and signaling were involved in the process of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and S1P potentially regulated the function of EC barrier, in turn, inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 to infect the endothelial cells, and ultimately has the promising therapeutic value to coronavirus disease 2019.Taken together, we conclude that maintaining or administering a high level of S1P will preserve the integrity of the EC structure and function, in turn, lowering the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and reducing complications and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Gansu Medical College, Pingliang, Gansu, China
| | - Jianshe Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Medical College, Pingliang, Gansu, China
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Ayub M, Jin HK, Bae JS. Sphingosine kinase-dependent regulation of pro-resolving lipid mediators in Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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3
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Zhang C, Li W, Lei X, Xie Z, Qi L, Wang H, Xiao X, Xiao J, Zheng Y, Dong C, Zheng X, Chen S, Chen J, Sun B, Qin J, Zhai Q, Li J, Wei B, Wang J, Wang H. Targeting lysophospholipid acid receptor 1 and ROCK kinases promotes antiviral innate immunity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabb5933. [PMID: 34533996 PMCID: PMC8448453 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb5933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates the vital role of lipid metabolites in innate immunity. The lipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) concentrations are enhanced in patients upon HCV or SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the function of LPA and its receptors in innate immunity is largely unknown. Here, we found that viral infection promoted the G protein–coupled receptor LPA1 expression, and LPA restrained type I/III interferon production through LPA1. Mechanistically, LPA1 signaling activated ROCK1/2, which phosphorylated IRF3 Ser97 to suppress IRF3 activation. Targeting LPA1 or ROCK in macrophages, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and LPA1 conditional KO mice promoted interferon-induced clearance of multiple viruses. LPA1 was colocalized with the receptor ACE2 in lung and intestine. Together with previous findings that LPA1 and ROCK1/2 promoted vascular leaking or lung fibrosis, we propose that the current available preclinical drugs targeting the LPA1-ROCK module might protect from SARS-CoV-2 or various virus infections in the intestine or lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Weiyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaobo Lei
- National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Linlin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuxiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shiyang Chen
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jun Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiwei Zhai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Key Laboratory of System Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Bio-Research Innovation Center Suzhou, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215121, China
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4
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Komiya T, Gohda M, Shioya H, Katsumata S. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulator ONO-4641 Regulates Trafficking of T Lymphocytes and Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Alleviates Immune-Mediated Aplastic Anemia in a Mouse Model. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 376:250-260. [PMID: 33257316 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ONO-4641 is a second-generation sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator that exhibits selectivity for S1P receptors 1 and 5. Treatment with ONO-4641 leads to a reduction in magnetic resonance imaging disease measures in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The objective of this study was to explore the potential impact of ONO-4641 treatment based on its immunomodulatory effects. Severe aplastic anemia is a bone marrow (BM) failure disease typically caused by aberrant immune destruction of blood progenitors. Although the T helper type 1-mediated pathology is well described for aplastic anemia, the molecular mechanisms driving disease progression remain undefined. We evaluated the efficacy of ONO-4641 in a mouse model of aplastic anemia. ONO-4641 reduced the severity of BM failure in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in higher blood and BM cell counts. By evaluating the mode of action, we found that ONO-4641 inhibited the infiltration of donor-derived T lymphocytes to the BM. ONO-4641 also induced the accumulation of hematopoietic stem cells in the BM of model mice. These observations indicate, for the first time, that S1P receptor modulators demonstrate efficacy in the mouse model of aplastic anemia and suggest that treatment with ONO-4641 might delay the progression of aplastic anemia. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: ONO-4641 is a second-generation sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator selective for S1P receptors 1 and 5. In this study, we demonstrated that ONO-4641 regulates the trafficking of T lymphocytes along with hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, leading to alleviation of pancytopenia and destruction of bone marrow in a bone marrow failure-induced mouse model mimicking human aplastic anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Komiya
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga, Japan (H.S); Discovery Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mishima-gun, Osaka, Japan (T.K, M.G., H.S., S.K.).
| | - Masashi Gohda
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga, Japan (H.S); Discovery Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mishima-gun, Osaka, Japan (T.K, M.G., H.S., S.K.)
| | - Hiroki Shioya
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga, Japan (H.S); Discovery Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mishima-gun, Osaka, Japan (T.K, M.G., H.S., S.K.)
| | - Seishi Katsumata
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga, Japan (H.S); Discovery Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mishima-gun, Osaka, Japan (T.K, M.G., H.S., S.K.)
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5
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Kotapati HK, Bates PD. Normal phase HPLC method for combined separation of both polar and neutral lipid classes with application to lipid metabolic flux. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1145:122099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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6
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Cartier A, Hla T. Sphingosine 1-phosphate: Lipid signaling in pathology and therapy. Science 2020; 366:366/6463/eaar5551. [PMID: 31624181 DOI: 10.1126/science.aar5551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a metabolic product of cell membrane sphingolipids, is bound to extracellular chaperones, is enriched in circulatory fluids, and binds to G protein-coupled S1P receptors (S1PRs) to regulate embryonic development, postnatal organ function, and disease. S1PRs regulate essential processes such as adaptive immune cell trafficking, vascular development, and homeostasis. Moreover, S1PR signaling is a driver of multiple diseases. The past decade has witnessed an exponential growth in this field, in part because of multidisciplinary research focused on this lipid mediator and the application of S1PR-targeted drugs in clinical medicine. This has revealed fundamental principles of lysophospholipid mediator signaling that not only clarify the complex and wide ranging actions of S1P but also guide the development of therapeutics and translational directions in immunological, cardiovascular, neurological, inflammatory, and fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreane Cartier
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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7
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Fischer DP, Griffiths AL, Lui S, Sabar UJ, Farrar D, O'Donovan PJ, Woodward DF, Marshall KM. Distribution and Function of Prostaglandin E 2 Receptors in Mouse Uterus: Translational Value for Human Reproduction. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:381-390. [PMID: 32205366 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.263509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) E analogs are used clinically to ripen the cervix and induce labor. However, selective receptor agonists may have potential to improve induction response rates or manage unwanted uterine hypercontractility in conditions such as dysmenorrhea and preterm labor. To characterize their therapeutic value, PGE2 analogs were used to investigate the functional E-type prostanoid (EP) receptor population in isolated human uterus. Responsiveness in mouse tissues was also examined to validate its use as a preclinical model. Uterine samples were obtained from mice at dioestrus (n = 12), term gestation (n = 14), and labor (n = 12) and from the lower uterus of women undergoing hysterectomy (n = 12) or Caesarean section (n = 18). Vehicle and agonist effects were assessed using superfusion and immersion techniques. PGE2 evoked predominant excitatory responses in mouse and relaxation in human tissues. Selective EP4 agonists inhibited tissue activity in both nonpregnant species, while the EP2 mimetic CP533536 also attenuated uterine contractions throughout gestation. The uterotonic effects of the EP3/1 agonist sulprostone were more pronounced than the EP1 agonist ONO-D1-004, corresponding to abundant EP3 receptor expression in all samples. The contractile phenotype in mouse compared with human uteri may relate to regional differences as well as high expression of EP3 receptor transcripts. Similarities in nonpregnant and gestational tissues across species suggest that EP3 may represent a valuable translational drug target for preventing uterine hypercontractility by employing a selective antagonist. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This research validates the use of nonpregnant mice for preclinical drug discovery of uterine EP receptor targets. To determine the utility of novel drugs and delivery systems at term pregnancy and labor, pharmacological agents interacting with EP3 receptors have clear translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah P Fischer
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences (D.P.F., K.M.M.) and Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences (S.L.), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (A.L.G., U.J.S.); Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (D.F.); Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Yorkshire Clinic, Bradford Road, Bingley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.J.D.); Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.F.W.); and JeniVision Inc., Irvine, California, USA (D.F.W.).
| | - Anna L Griffiths
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences (D.P.F., K.M.M.) and Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences (S.L.), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (A.L.G., U.J.S.); Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (D.F.); Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Yorkshire Clinic, Bradford Road, Bingley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.J.D.); Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.F.W.); and JeniVision Inc., Irvine, California, USA (D.F.W.)
| | - Sylvia Lui
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences (D.P.F., K.M.M.) and Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences (S.L.), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (A.L.G., U.J.S.); Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (D.F.); Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Yorkshire Clinic, Bradford Road, Bingley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.J.D.); Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.F.W.); and JeniVision Inc., Irvine, California, USA (D.F.W.)
| | - Uzmah J Sabar
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences (D.P.F., K.M.M.) and Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences (S.L.), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (A.L.G., U.J.S.); Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (D.F.); Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Yorkshire Clinic, Bradford Road, Bingley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.J.D.); Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.F.W.); and JeniVision Inc., Irvine, California, USA (D.F.W.)
| | - Diane Farrar
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences (D.P.F., K.M.M.) and Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences (S.L.), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (A.L.G., U.J.S.); Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (D.F.); Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Yorkshire Clinic, Bradford Road, Bingley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.J.D.); Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.F.W.); and JeniVision Inc., Irvine, California, USA (D.F.W.)
| | - Peter J O'Donovan
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences (D.P.F., K.M.M.) and Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences (S.L.), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (A.L.G., U.J.S.); Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (D.F.); Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Yorkshire Clinic, Bradford Road, Bingley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.J.D.); Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.F.W.); and JeniVision Inc., Irvine, California, USA (D.F.W.)
| | - David F Woodward
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences (D.P.F., K.M.M.) and Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences (S.L.), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (A.L.G., U.J.S.); Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (D.F.); Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Yorkshire Clinic, Bradford Road, Bingley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.J.D.); Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.F.W.); and JeniVision Inc., Irvine, California, USA (D.F.W.)
| | - Kay M Marshall
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences (D.P.F., K.M.M.) and Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, School of Medical Sciences (S.L.), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (A.L.G., U.J.S.); Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (D.F.); Obstetrics and Gynaecological Oncology, Yorkshire Clinic, Bradford Road, Bingley, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom (P.J.D.); Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (D.F.W.); and JeniVision Inc., Irvine, California, USA (D.F.W.)
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8
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Hisano Y, Kono M, Cartier A, Engelbrecht E, Kano K, Kawakami K, Xiong Y, Piao W, Galvani S, Yanagida K, Kuo A, Ono Y, Ishida S, Aoki J, Proia RL, Bromberg JS, Inoue A, Hla T. Lysolipid receptor cross-talk regulates lymphatic endothelial junctions in lymph nodes. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1582-1598. [PMID: 31147448 PMCID: PMC6605750 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) activate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to regulate biological processes. Using a genome-wide CRISPR/dCas9-based GPCR signaling screen, LPAR1 was identified as an inducer of S1PR1/β-arrestin coupling while suppressing Gαi signaling. S1pr1 and Lpar1-positive lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) of lymph nodes exhibit constitutive S1PR1/β-arrestin signaling, which was suppressed by LPAR1 antagonism. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic loss of function of Lpar1 reduced the frequency of punctate junctions at sinus-lining LECs. Ligand activation of transfected LPAR1 in endothelial cells remodeled junctions from continuous to punctate structures and increased transendothelial permeability. In addition, LPAR1 antagonism in mice increased lymph node retention of adoptively transferred lymphocytes. These data suggest that cross-talk between LPAR1 and S1PR1 promotes the porous junctional architecture of sinus-lining LECs, which enables efficient lymphocyte trafficking. Heterotypic inter-GPCR coupling may regulate complex cellular phenotypes in physiological milieu containing many GPCR ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hisano
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andreane Cartier
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eric Engelbrecht
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kuniyuki Kano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kouki Kawakami
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yanbao Xiong
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Wenji Piao
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sylvain Galvani
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yuki Ono
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoru Ishida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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9
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Garrido D, Chanteloup NK, Trotereau A, Lion A, Bailleul G, Esnault E, Trapp S, Quéré P, Schouler C, Guabiraba R. Characterization of the Phospholipid Platelet-Activating Factor As a Mediator of Inflammation in Chickens. Front Vet Sci 2017; 4:226. [PMID: 29326957 PMCID: PMC5741692 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid mediators are known to play important roles in the onset and resolution phases of the inflammatory response in mammals. The phospholipid platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a pro-inflammatory lipid mediator which participates in vascular- and innate immunity-associated processes by increasing vascular permeability, by facilitating leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium, and by contributing to phagocyte activation. PAF exerts its function upon binding to its specific receptor, PAF receptor (PAFR), which is abundantly expressed in leukocytes and endothelial cells (ECs). In chickens, lipid mediators and their functions are still poorly characterized, and the role of PAF as an inflammatory mediator has not yet been investigated. In the present study we demonstrate that primary chicken macrophages express PAFR and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2 (LPCAT2), the latter being essential to PAF biosynthesis during inflammation. Also, exogenous PAF treatment induces intracellular calcium increase, reactive oxygen species release, and increased phagocytosis by primary chicken macrophages in a PAFR-dependent manner. We also show that PAF contributes to the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory response and boosts the macrophage response to E. coli LPS via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt- and calmodulin kinase II-mediated intracellular signaling pathways. Exogenous PAF treatment also increases avian pathogenic E. coli intracellular killing by chicken macrophages, and PAFR and LPCAT2 are upregulated in chicken lungs and liver during experimental pulmonary colibacillosis. Finally, exogenous PAF treatment increases cell permeability and upregulates the expression of genes coding for proteins involved in leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium in primary chicken endothelial cells (chAEC). In addition to these vascular phenomena, PAF boosts the chAEC inflammatory response to bacteria-associated molecular patterns in a PAFR-dependent manner. In conclusion, we identified PAF as an inflammation amplifier in chicken macrophages and ECs, which suggests that PAF could play important roles in the endothelium-innate immunity interface in birds during major bacterial infectious diseases such as colibacillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Garrido
- ISP, INRA, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | - Adrien Lion
- ISP, INRA, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Evelyne Esnault
- ISP, INRA, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Sascha Trapp
- ISP, INRA, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascale Quéré
- ISP, INRA, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Nouzilly, France
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10
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Cohen LJ, Esterhazy D, Kim SH, Lemetre C, Aguilar RR, Gordon EA, Pickard AJ, Cross JR, Emiliano AB, Han SM, Chu J, Vila-Farres X, Kaplitt J, Rogoz A, Calle PY, Hunter C, Bitok JK, Brady SF. Commensal bacteria make GPCR ligands that mimic human signalling molecules. Nature 2017; 549:48-53. [PMID: 28854168 PMCID: PMC5777231 DOI: 10.1038/nature23874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Commensal bacteria are believed to have important roles in human health. The mechanisms by which they affect mammalian physiology remain poorly understood, but bacterial metabolites are likely to be key components of host interactions. Here we use bioinformatics and synthetic biology to mine the human microbiota for N-acyl amides that interact with G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We found that N-acyl amide synthase genes are enriched in gastrointestinal bacteria and the lipids that they encode interact with GPCRs that regulate gastrointestinal tract physiology. Mouse and cell-based models demonstrate that commensal GPR119 agonists regulate metabolic hormones and glucose homeostasis as efficiently as human ligands, although future studies are needed to define their potential physiological role in humans. Our results suggest that chemical mimicry of eukaryotic signalling molecules may be common among commensal bacteria and that manipulation of microbiota genes encoding metabolites that elicit host cellular responses represents a possible small-molecule therapeutic modality (microbiome-biosynthetic gene therapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J Cohen
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Daria Esterhazy
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Seong-Hwan Kim
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Christophe Lemetre
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Rhiannon R Aguilar
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Emma A Gordon
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Amanda J Pickard
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Justin R Cross
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Ana B Emiliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Sun M Han
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - John Chu
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Xavier Vila-Farres
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jeremy Kaplitt
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Aneta Rogoz
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Paula Y Calle
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Craig Hunter
- Comparative Biosciences Center, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - J Kipchirchir Bitok
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Sean F Brady
- Laboratory of Genetically Encoded Small Molecules, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
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11
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Kulkarni H, Mamtani M, Blangero J, Curran JE. Lipidomics in the Study of Hypertension in Metabolic Syndrome. Curr Hypertens Rep 2017; 19:7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11906-017-0705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Abstract
Vertebrates are endowed with a closed circulatory system, the evolution of which required novel structural and regulatory changes. Furthermore, immune cell trafficking paradigms adapted to the barriers imposed by the closed circulatory system. How did such changes occur mechanistically? We propose that spatial compartmentalization of the lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) may be one such mechanism. In vertebrates, S1P is spatially compartmentalized in the blood and lymphatic circulation, thus comprising a sharp S1P gradient across the endothelial barrier. Circulatory S1P has critical roles in maturation and homeostasis of the vascular system as well as in immune cell trafficking. Physiological functions of S1P are tightly linked to shear stress, the key biophysical stimulus from blood flow. Thus, circulatory S1P confinement could be a primordial strategy of vertebrates in the development of a closed circulatory system. This review discusses the cellular and molecular basis of the S1P gradients and aims to interpret its physiological significance as a key feature of the closed circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; ,
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; ,
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13
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Proia RL, Hla T. Emerging biology of sphingosine-1-phosphate: its role in pathogenesis and therapy. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1379-87. [PMID: 25831442 DOI: 10.1172/jci76369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane sphingolipids are metabolized to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid mediator that regulates many processes in vertebrate development, physiology, and pathology. Once exported out of cells by cell-specific transporters, chaperone-bound S1P is spatially compartmentalized in the circulatory system. Extracellular S1P interacts with five GPCRs that are widely expressed and transduce intracellular signals to regulate cellular behavior, such as migration, adhesion, survival, and proliferation. While many organ systems are affected, S1P signaling is essential for vascular development, neurogenesis, and lymphocyte trafficking. Recently, a pharmacological S1P receptor antagonist has won approval to control autoimmune neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis. The availability of pharmacological tools as well as mouse genetic models has revealed several physiological actions of S1P and begun to shed light on its pathological roles. The unique mode of signaling of this lysophospholipid mediator is providing novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention, with possibilities to target not only GPCRs but also transporters, metabolic enzymes, and chaperones.
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14
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Ortegon P, Poot-Hernández AC, Perez-Rueda E, Rodriguez-Vazquez K. Comparison of Metabolic Pathways in Escherichia coli by Using Genetic Algorithms. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2015; 13:277-85. [PMID: 25973143 PMCID: PMC4423528 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to understand how cellular metabolism has taken its modern form, the conservation and variations between metabolic pathways were evaluated by using a genetic algorithm (GA). The GA approach considered information on the complete metabolism of the bacterium Escherichia coli K-12, as deposited in the KEGG database, and the enzymes belonging to a particular pathway were transformed into enzymatic step sequences by using the breadth-first search algorithm. These sequences represent contiguous enzymes linked to each other, based on their catalytic activities as they are encoded in the Enzyme Commission numbers. In a posterior step, these sequences were compared using a GA in an all-against-all (pairwise comparisons) approach. Individual reactions were chosen based on their measure of fitness to act as parents of offspring, which constitute the new generation. The sequences compared were used to construct a similarity matrix (of fitness values) that was then considered to be clustered by using a k-medoids algorithm. A total of 34 clusters of conserved reactions were obtained, and their sequences were finally aligned with a multiple-sequence alignment GA optimized to align all the reaction sequences included in each group or cluster. From these comparisons, maps associated with the metabolism of similar compounds also contained similar enzymatic step sequences, reinforcing the Patchwork Model for the evolution of metabolism in E. coli K-12, an observation that can be expanded to other organisms, for which there is metabolism information. Finally, our mapping of these reactions is discussed, with illustrations from a particular case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ortegon
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales y Automatización, IIMAS, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Augusto C. Poot-Hernández
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales y Automatización, IIMAS, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Perez-Rueda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Sisal Facultad de Ciencias, Sisal, Yucatán, UNAM, Mexico
- Correspondence to: E. Perez-Rueda, Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Katya Rodriguez-Vazquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales y Automatización, IIMAS, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
- Correspondence to: K. Rodriguez-Vazquez, Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales y Automatización, IIMAS, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico.
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15
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Mendelson K, Zygmunt T, Torres-Vázquez J, Evans T, Hla T. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor signaling regulates proper embryonic vascular patterning. J Biol Chem 2012; 288:2143-56. [PMID: 23229546 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.427344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) binds G-protein-coupled receptors (S1P(1-5)) to regulate a multitude of physiological effects, especially those in the vascular and immune systems. S1P receptors in the vascular system have been characterized primarily in mammals. Here, we report that the S1P receptors and metabolic enzymes are conserved in the genome of zebrafish Danio rerio. Bioinformatic analysis identified seven S1P receptor-like sequences in the zebrafish genome, including duplicated orthologs of receptors 3 and 5. Sphingolipidomic analysis detected erythrocyte and plasma S1P as well as high plasma ceramides and sphingosine. Morpholino-mediated knockdown of s1pr1 causes global and pericardial edema, loss of blood circulation, and vascular defects characterized by both reduced vascularization in intersegmental vessels, decreased proliferation of intersegmental and axial vessels, and hypersprouting in the caudal vein plexus. The s1pr2 gene was previously characterized as a regulator of cell migration and heart development, but its role in angiogenesis is not known. However, when expression of both s1pr1 and s1pr2 is suppressed, severely reduced vascular development of the intersegmental vessels was observed with doses of the s1pr1 morpholino that alone did not cause any discernible vascular defects, suggesting that s1pr1 and s1pr2 function cooperatively to regulate vascular development in zebrafish. Similarly, the S1P transporter, spns2, also cooperated with s1pr1. We propose that extracellular S1P acts through vascular S1P receptors to regulate vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Mendelson
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA
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16
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Blaho VA, Hla T. Regulation of mammalian physiology, development, and disease by the sphingosine 1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid receptors. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6299-320. [PMID: 21939239 PMCID: PMC3216694 DOI: 10.1021/cr200273u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A. Blaho
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Timothy Hla
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065
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17
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Wagner K, Inceoglu B, Gill SS, Hammock BD. Epoxygenated fatty acids and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition: novel mediators of pain reduction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:2816-24. [PMID: 20958046 PMCID: PMC3483885 DOI: 10.1021/jf102559q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme was discovered while investigating the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds in the Casida laboratory. However, an endogenous role of sEH is to regulate the levels of a group of potent bioactive lipids, epoxygenated fatty acids (EFAs), that have pleiotropic biological activities. The EFAs, in particular the arachidonic acid derived epoxy eicosatrienoic acids (EETs), are established autocrine and paracrine messengers. The most recently discovered outcome of inhibition of sEH and increased EFAs is their effects on the sensory system and in particular their ability to reduce pain. The inhibitors of sEH block both inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Elevation of EFAs, in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, blocks pain. Several laboratories have now published a number of potential mechanisms of action for the pain-reducing effects of EFAs. This paper provides a brief history of the discovery of the sEH enzyme and argues that inhibitors of sEH through several independent mechanisms display pain-reducing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wagner
- Department of Entomology and UC Davis Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Bora Inceoglu
- Department of Entomology and UC Davis Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Sarjeet S. Gill
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and UC Davis Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Dr. Bruce D. Hammock Department of Entomology University of California Davis One Shields Ave. Davis, CA 95616 Tel: 530-751-7519 Fax: 530-752-1537
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18
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19
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Skoura A, Hla T. Regulation of vascular physiology and pathology by the S1P2 receptor subtype. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 82:221-8. [PMID: 19287048 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is now recognized as a lipid mediator that acts via G-protein-coupled receptors. S1P receptors couple to various heterotrimeric G-proteins and regulate downstream targets and ultimately cell behaviour. The prototypical S1P1 receptor is known to couple to Gi and regulates angiogenesis, vascular development, and immune cell trafficking. In this review, we focus our attention on the S1P2 receptor, which has a unique G-protein-coupling property in that it preferentially activates the G(12/13) pathway. Recent studies indicate that the S1P2 receptor regulates critical intracellular signalling pathways, such as Rho GTPase, the phosphatase PTEN, and VE-cadherin-based adherens junctions. Analysis of mutant mice has revealed the critical role of this receptor in inner ear physiology, heart and vascular development, vascular remodelling, and vascular tone, permeability, and angiogenesis in vertebrates. These studies suggest that selective modulation of S1P2 receptor function by pharmacological tools may be useful in a variety of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Skoura
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3501, USA
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20
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Ohuchi H, Hamada A, Matsuda H, Takagi A, Tanaka M, Aoki J, Arai H, Noji S. Expression patterns of the lysophospholipid receptor genes during mouse early development. Dev Dyn 2009; 237:3280-94. [PMID: 18924241 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophospholipids (LPs) such as lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are known to mediate various biological responses, including cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. To better understand the role of these lipids in mammalian early development, we applied whole-mount in situ hybridization techniques to E8.5 to E12.5 mouse embryos. We determined the expression patterns of the following LP receptor genes, which belong to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family: EDG1 to EDG8 (S1P1 to S1P5 and LPA1 to LPA3), LPA4 (GPR23/P2Y9), and LPA5 (GPR92). We found that the S1P/LPA receptor genes exhibit overlapping expression patterns in a variety of organ primordia, including the developing brain and cardiovascular system, presomitic mesoderm and somites, branchial arches, and limb buds. These results suggest that multiple receptor systems for LPA/S1P lysophospholipids may be functioning during organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyo Ohuchi
- Department of Life Systems, Institute of Technology and Science, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.
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21
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Wang X, Rao RP, Kosakowska-Cholody T, Masood MA, Southon E, Zhang H, Berthet C, Nagashim K, Veenstra TK, Tessarollo L, Acharya U, Acharya JK. Mitochondrial degeneration and not apoptosis is the primary cause of embryonic lethality in ceramide transfer protein mutant mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 184:143-58. [PMID: 19139267 PMCID: PMC2615084 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200807176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide transfer protein (CERT) functions in the transfer of ceramide from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi. In this study, we show that CERT is an essential gene for mouse development and embryonic survival and, quite strikingly, is critical for mitochondrial integrity. CERT mutant embryos accumulate ceramide in the ER but also mislocalize ceramide to the mitochondria, compromising their function. Cells in mutant embryos show abnormal dilation of the ER and degenerating mitochondria. These subcellular changes manifest as heart defects and cause severely compromised cardiac function and embryonic death around embryonic day 11.5. In spite of ceramide accumulation, CERT mutant mice do not die as a result of enhanced apoptosis. Instead, cell proliferation is impaired, and expression levels of cell cycle–associated proteins are altered. Individual cells survive, perhaps because cell survival mechanisms are activated. Thus, global compromise of ER and mitochondrial integrity caused by ceramide accumulation in CERT mutant mice primarily affects organogenesis rather than causing cell death via apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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22
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Hla T, Venkataraman K, Michaud J. The vascular S1P gradient-cellular sources and biological significance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2008; 1781:477-82. [PMID: 18674637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Revised: 07/14/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a product of sphingomyelin metabolism, is enriched in the circulatory system whereas it is estimated to be much lower in interstitial fluids of tissues. This concentration gradient, termed the vascular S1P gradient appears to form as a result of substrate availability and the action of metabolic enzymes. S1P levels in blood and lymph are estimated to be in the muM range. In the immune system, the S1P gradient is needed as a spatial cue for lymphocyte and hematopoietic cell trafficking. During inflammatory reactions in which enhanced vascular permeability occurs, a burst of S1P becomes available to its receptors in the extravascular compartment, which likely contributes to the tissue reactions. Thus, the presence of the vascular S1P gradient is thought to contribute to physiological and pathological conditions. From an evolutionary perspective, S1P receptors may have co-evolved with the advent of a closed vascular system and the trafficking paradigms for hematopoietic cells to navigate in and out of the vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hla
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06001, USA.
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23
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Kaneko-Tarui T, Zhang L, Austin KJ, Henkes LE, Johnson J, Hansen TR, Pru JK. Maternal and Embryonic Control of Uterine Sphingolipid-Metabolizing Enzymes During Murine Embryo Implantation1. Biol Reprod 2007; 77:658-65. [PMID: 17582011 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.061044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
During early gestation in invasively implanting species, the uterine stromal compartment undergoes dramatic remodeling, defined by the differentiation of stromal fibroblast cells into decidual cells. Lipid signaling molecules from a number of pathways are well-established functional components of this decidualization reaction. Because of a correlation in the events that transpire in the uterus during early implantation with known functions of bioactive sphingolipid metabolites established from studies in other organ systems, we hypothesized that uterine sphingolipid metabolism would change during implantation. By a combination of Northern blot, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses, we establish that enzymes at each of the major catalytic steps in the sphingolipid cascade become transcriptionally up-regulated in the uterus during decidualization. Each of the enzymes analyzed was up-regulated from Days of Pregnancy (DOP) 4.5-7.5. When comparing embryo-induced decidualization (decidual) with mechanically induced decidualization (deciduomal), sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 (Smpd1) mRNA and sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) protein were shown to be dually regulated in the endometrium by both maternal and embryonic factors. As measured by the diacyl glycerol kinase assay, ceramide levels rose in parallel with Smpd1 gene expression, suggesting that elevated transcription of sphingolipid enzymes results in heightened catalytic activity of the pathway. Altogether, these findings place sphingolipids on a growing list of lipid signaling molecules that become increasingly present at the maternal-embryonic interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kaneko-Tarui
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerold Chun
- Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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25
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Sakamoto Y, Inoue H, Kawakami S, Miyawaki K, Miyamoto T, Mizuta K, Itakura M. Expression and distribution of Gpr119 in the pancreatic islets of mice and rats: Predominant localization in pancreatic polypeptide-secreting PP-cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 351:474-80. [PMID: 17070774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 10/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The GPR119 was recently shown to be activated by oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a naturally occurring bioactive lipid with hypophagic and anti-obesity effects. In this study, we have cloned and characterized its murine counterpart, Gpr119. The full-length cDNA contained an open reading frame of 1008bp encoding a 335-amino acid protein. The genomic organization of Gpr119 was unique, having a 3'-untranslated second exon that was also involved in an alternative splicing event. Gene expression analyses confirmed its specific expressions in pancreatic islets and two endocrine cell-lines, MIN6 and alphaTC1. Immunohistochemistry and double-immunofluorescence studies using a specific antibody revealed the predominant Gpr119 localization in pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-cells of islets. No definitive evidence of Gpr119-immunoreactivity in adult beta- or alpha-cells was obtained. The Gpr119 mRNA levels were elevated in islets of obese hyperglycemic db/db mice as compared to control islets, suggesting a possible involvement of this receptor in the development of obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Sakamoto
- Institute for Genome Research, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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26
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Watson AD. Thematic review series: systems biology approaches to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Lipidomics: a global approach to lipid analysis in biological systems. J Lipid Res 2006; 47:2101-11. [PMID: 16902246 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r600022-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are water-insoluble molecules that have a wide variety of functions within cells, including: 1) maintenance of electrochemical gradients; 2) subcellular partitioning; 3) first- and second-messenger cell signaling; 4) energy storage; and 5) protein trafficking and membrane anchoring. The physiological importance of lipids is illustrated by the numerous diseases to which lipid abnormalities contribute, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, and Alzheimer's disease. Lipidomics, a branch of metabolomics, is a systems-based study of all lipids, the molecules with which they interact, and their function within the cell. Recent advances in soft-ionization mass spectrometry, combined with established separation techniques, have allowed the rapid and sensitive detection of a variety of lipid species with minimal sample preparation. A "lipid profile" from a crude lipid extract is a mass spectrum of the composition and abundance of the lipids it contains, which can be used to monitor changes over time and in response to particular stimuli. Lipidomics, integrated with genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, will contribute toward understanding how lipids function in a biological system and will provide a powerful tool for elucidating the mechanism of lipid-based disease, for biomarker screening, and for monitoring pharmacologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Watson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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27
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Abstract
Eukaryotic cells are specialized, interdependent functional units of complex tissues that are composed of metabolically integrated systems defined by chemically distinct organelles that operate as reaction vessels. It is now clear that the small-molecule and polymer-based composition of these organelles plays a crucial role in generating and maintaining protein folds and functions through the systems chemistry of the local environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery W Kelly
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, La Jolla, California 92130, USA.
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