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Bhat AA, Gupta G, Dahiya R, Thapa R, Gahtori A, Shahwan M, Jakhmola V, Tiwari A, Kumar M, Dureja H, Singh SK, Dua K, Kumarasamy V, Subramaniyan V. CircRNAs: Pivotal modulators of TGF-β signalling in cancer pathogenesis. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:277-287. [PMID: 38505309 PMCID: PMC10945146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate molecular landscape of cancer pathogenesis continues to captivate researchers worldwide, with Circular RNAs (circRNAs) emerging as pivotal players in the dynamic regulation of biological functions. The study investigates the elusive link between circRNAs and the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway, exploring their collective influence on cancer progression and metastasis. Our comprehensive investigation begins by profiling circRNA expression patterns in diverse cancer types, revealing a repertoire of circRNAs intricately linked to the TGF-β pathway. Through integrated bioinformatics analyses and functional experiments, we elucidate the specific circRNA-mRNA interactions that modulate TGF-β signalling, unveiling the regulatory controls governing this crucial pathway. Furthermore, we provide compelling evidence of the impact of circRNA-mediated TGF-β modulation on key cellular processes, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and cell proliferation. In addition to their mechanistic roles, circRNAs have shown promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential molecular targets for cancer therapy. Their ability to modulate critical pathways, such as the TGF-β signalling axis, underscores their significance in cancer biology and clinical applications. The intricate interplay between circRNAs and TGF-β is dissected, uncovering novel regulatory circuits that contribute to the complexity of cancer biology. This review unravels a previously unexplored dimension of carcinogenesis, emphasizing the crucial role of circRNAs in shaping the TGF-β signalling landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rajiv Dahiya
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Archana Gahtori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vikas Jakhmola
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Abhishek Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur-Rajput, Moradabad, (U.P.), 244102, India
| | - Mahish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Al-Hawary SIS, Ruzibakieva M, Gupta R, Malviya J, Toama MA, Hjazi A, Alkhayyat MRR, Alsaab HO, Hadi A, Alwaily ER. Detailed role of microRNA-mediated regulation of PI3K/AKT axis in human tumors. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3904. [PMID: 38102946 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of signal transmission and biological processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, migration, and angiogenesis are greatly influenced by the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Highly conserved endogenous non-protein-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) have the ability to regulate gene expression by inhibiting mRNA translation or mRNA degradation. MiRNAs serve key role in PI3K/AKT pathway as upstream or downstream target, and aberrant activation of this pathway contributes to the development of cancers. A growing body of research shows that miRNAs can control the PI3K/AKT pathway to control the biological processes within cells. The expression of genes linked to cancers can be controlled by the miRNA/PI3K/AKT axis, which in turn controls the development of cancer. There is also a strong correlation between the expression of miRNAs linked to the PI3K/AKT pathway and numerous clinical traits. Moreover, PI3K/AKT pathway-associated miRNAs are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, therapy, and prognostic evaluation. The role and clinical applications of the PI3K/AKT pathway and miRNA/PI3K/AKT axis in the emergence of cancers are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malika Ruzibakieva
- Cell Therapy Department, Institute of Immunology and Human Genomics, Uzbekistan Academy of Science, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra Malviya
- Department of Life Sciences and Biological Sciences, IES University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mariam Alaa Toama
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murtadha Raad Radhi Alkhayyat
- Department of Islamic Studies, College of Art, The Islamic University of Najaf, Najaf, Iraq
- Department of Islamic Studies, College of Art, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
- Department of Islamic Studies, College of Art, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hadi
- Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, Iraq
| | - Enas R Alwaily
- Microbiology Research Group, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
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Wu C, Chen J, Wang D. LncRNA VPS9D1-AS1 regulates miR-187-3p/fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 axis to promote proliferation, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:295-305. [PMID: 37929340 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-23-00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality of prostate cancer are increasing year by year, and the survival rate of prostate cancer patients after treatment is low. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanism underlying prostate cancer is crucial for developing effective treatments. Recent studies have shown the important role of long-chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis. VPS9D1-AS1 can modulate the progression of multiple cancers, but its molecular action mechanism in prostate cancer remains unknown. This study, therefore, intended to investigate the regulatory mechanism of VPS9D1-AS1 in prostate cancer. First, differentially expressed lncRNAs in prostate cancer were identified through bioinformatics approaches. The target lncRNA for the study was determined by reviewing the relevant literature and its downstream miRNA/mRNA axis was uncovered. Then, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was introduced to assess the expression of VPS9D1-AS1, miR-187-3p, and fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 (FGFRL1) at a cellular level, and Western blot was conducted to assess the protein level of FGFRL1 in cells. The results indicated that VPS9D1-AS1 and FGFRL1 were highly expressed in prostate cancer while miR-187-3p was less expressed. Besides, MTT, colony formation, wound healing, and cell invasion assays showed that silencing VPS9D1-AS1 inhibited the viability, migration ability, and invasion ability of prostate cancer cells. Dual-luciferase assay and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assay were performed to explore the interplay of miR-187-3p and VPS9D1-AS1 or FGFRL1. The results showed that VPS9D1-AS1 could sponge miR-187-3p, and FGFRL1 could serve as a direct target of miR-187-3p. Moreover, combined with the results of the rescue experiment, VPS9D1-AS1 was found to upregulate FGFRL1 by competitively sponging miR-187-3p to accelerate the malignant behaviors of prostate cancer cells. In conclusion, VPS9D1-AS1 could promote the phenotype progression of prostate cancer cells through targeting the miR-187-3p/FGFRL1 axis, and it has the potential to be a target for prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Wu
- Department of Urology Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Urology Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Hsa_circ_0001165 Regulates the Malignant Phenotype and Angiogenesis of Prostate Cancer Cells through miR-654-3p/DDAH1. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Ying K, Chen J, Fu Z, Ren B. FAS-mediated circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Crosstalk Network Regulates Immune Cell Infiltration in Cerebral Infarction. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:117-128. [PMID: 36656441 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
New data are accumulating on the involvement of interaction among circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in cerebral infarction (CI). This study aims to illustrate the GEO database-based identification of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA crosstalk network underlying immune cell infiltration in CI. The differential analysis suggested that 1696 circRNAs, 1989 miRNAs, and 5550 mRNAs that were differentially expressed in CI samples were retrieved from GEO database. GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses showed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly associated with common risk factors of CI, such as immune and inflammatory response. Next, the circRNA-miRNA pairs and miRNA-mRNA pairs were predicted, and the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed by Cytoscape software. Totally, 436 circRNA-miRNA pairs were obtained through the online database, and 2033 miRNA-mRNA pairs were used to construct the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA crosstalk network. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed on the basis of the ceRNA network, followed by key gene identification in the GSE9877 dataset. FAS was identified as the key gene in CI. The constructed FAS-mediated circRNA-miRNA-mRNA crosstalk network included five upregulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0075341, hsa_circ_0049637, hsa_circ_0001085, hsa_circ_0004808 and hsa_circ_0092337) and five downregulated miRNAs (hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, hsa-miR-1245b-3p, hsa-miR-592, hsa-miR-224-5p, and hsa-miR-30e-3p). Furthermore, the CIBERSORT algorithm indicated that FAS was associated with immune cell infiltration in CI. In conclusion, this study revealed a role for FAS-centered circRNA-miRNA-mRNA crosstalk network in regulating immune cell infiltration of CI, which may be a viable target for CI prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ying
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, 599 Jinshan West Road, Dongcheng Street, Yongkang, 321300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, 599 Jinshan West Road, Dongcheng Street, Yongkang, 321300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenhui Fu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, 599 Jinshan West Road, Dongcheng Street, Yongkang, 321300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Ren
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First People's Hospital of Yongkang, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, 599 Jinshan West Road, Dongcheng Street, Yongkang, 321300, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhou J, Liu L, Wu P, Zhao L, Wu Y. Identification and characterization of non-coding RNA networks in infected macrophages revealing the pathogenesis of F. nucleatum-associated diseases. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:826. [PMID: 36513974 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND F. nucleatum, as an important periodontal pathogen, is not only closely associated with the development of periodontitis, but also implicated in systemic diseases. Macrophages may act as an important mediator in the pathogenic process of F. nucleatum infection. As non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have attracted extensive attention as important epigenetic regulatory mechanisms recently, we focus on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks to elucidate the pathogenesis of F. nucleatum-associated diseases. RESULTS We screen abnormally expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in macrophages after F. nucleatum infection via the whole transcriptome sequencing technology, including 375 mRNAs, 5 miRNAs, 64 lncRNAs, and 180 circRNAs. The accuracy of RNA-seq and microRNA-seq result was further verified by qRT-PCR analysis. GO and KEGG analysis show that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in MAPK pathway, Toll-like receptor pathway, NF-κB pathway and apoptosis. KEGG disease analysis reveals that they were closely involved in immune system diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancers, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) et al. We constructed the underlying lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks to understand their interaction based on the correlation analysis between the differentially expressed RNAs, and then screen the core non-coding RNAs. In which, AKT2 is controlled by hsa_circ_0078617, hsa_circ_0069227, hsa_circ_0084089, lncRNA NUP210, lncRNA ABCB9, lncRNA DIXDC1, lncRNA ATXN1 and lncRNA XLOC_237387 through miR-150-5p; hsa_circ_0001165, hsa_circ_0008460, hsa_circ_0001118, lncRNA XLOC_237387 and lncRNA ATXN1 were identified as the ceRNAs of hsa-miR-146a-3p and thereby indirectly modulating the expression of MITF. CONCLUSIONS Our data identified promising candidate ncRNAs responsible for regulating immune response in the F. nucleatum-associated diseases, offering new insights regarding the pathogenic mechanism of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yafei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Mughees M, Kaushal JB, Sharma G, Wajid S, Batra SK, Siddiqui JA. Chemokines and cytokines: Axis and allies in prostate cancer pathogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:497-512. [PMID: 35181473 PMCID: PMC9793433 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are recognized as the major contributor to various tumorigenesis, tumor heterogeneity, and failures of current cancer therapies. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is enriched with chemokines and cytokines and plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. Chronic inflammation is also considered an instructive process of cancer progression, where chemokines are spatiotemporally secreted by malignant cells and leukocyte subtypes that initiate cell trafficking into the TME. In various cancers, prostate cancer (PCa) is reported as one of the leading cancers in the worldwide male population. The chemokines-mediated signaling pathways are intensively involved in PCa progression and metastasis. Emerging evidence suggests that chemokines and cytokines are responsible for the pleiotropic actions in cancer, including the growth, angiogenesis, endothelial mesenchymal transition, leukocyte infiltration, and hormone escape for advanced PCa and therapy resistance. Chemokine's system and immune cells represent a promising target to suppress tumorigenic environments and serve as potential therapy/immunotherapy for the PCa. In this review, an attempt has been made to shed light on the alteration of chemokine and cytokine profiles during PCa progression and metastasis. We also discussed the recent findings of the diverse molecular signaling of these circulating chemokines and their corresponding receptors that could become future targets for therapeutic management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mughees
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA(1)
| | - Jyoti Bala Kaushal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Gholami N, Haghparast A, Alipourfard I, Nazari M. Prostate cancer in omics era. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:274. [PMID: 36064406 PMCID: PMC9442907 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in omics technology have prompted extraordinary attempts to define the molecular changes underlying the onset and progression of a variety of complex human diseases, including cancer. Since the advent of sequencing technology, cancer biology has become increasingly reliant on the generation and integration of data generated at these levels. The availability of multi-omic data has transformed medicine and biology by enabling integrated systems-level approaches. Multivariate signatures are expected to play a role in cancer detection, screening, patient classification, assessment of treatment response, and biomarker identification. This review reports current findings and highlights a number of studies that are both novel and groundbreaking in their application of multi Omics to prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Gholami
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Iraj Alipourfard
- Institutitue of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Majid Nazari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- , P.O. Box 14155-6117, Shiraz, Iran.
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Feng D, Shi X, Xiong Q, Zhang F, Li D, Wei W, Yang L. A Ferroptosis-Related Gene Prognostic Index Associated With Biochemical Recurrence and Radiation Resistance for Patients With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radical Radiotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:803766. [PMID: 35223835 PMCID: PMC8867172 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.803766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death which has been reported to be involved in the development of various cancers. In this study, we attempted to explore the possible links between ferroptosis and prostate cancer (PCa), and a novel ferroptosis-related gene prognostic index (FGPI) was constructed to predict biochemical recurrence (BCR) and radiation resistance for PCa patients undergoing radical radiotherapy (RRT). Moreover, the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) of PCa was analyzed. Methods: We merged four GEO datasets by removing batch effects. All analyses were conducted with R version 3.6.3 and its suitable packages. Cytoscape 3.8.2 was used to establish a network of transcriptional factor and competing endogenous RNA. Results: We established the FGPI based on ACSL3 and EPAS1. We observed that FGPI was an independent risk factor of BCR for PCa patients (HR: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.68–5.48), consistent with the result of internal validation (HR: 3.44; 95% CI: 1.68–7.05). Furthermore, FGPI showed high ability to identify radiation resistance (AUC: 0.963; 95% CI: 0.882–1.00). LncRNA PART1 was significantly associated with BCR and might modulate the mRNA expression of EPAS1 and ACSL3 through interactions with 60 miRNAs. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that FGPI was enriched in epithelial–mesenchymal transition, allograft rejection, TGF beta signaling pathway, and ECM receptor interaction. Immune checkpoint and m6A analyses showed that PD-L2, CD96, and METTL14 were differentially expressed between BCR and no BCR groups, among which CD96 was significantly associated with BCR-free survival (HR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.06–3.03). We observed that cancer-related fibroblasts (CAFs), macrophages, stromal score, immune score, estimate score, and tumor purity were differentially expressed between BCR and no BCR groups and closely related to BCR-free survival (HRs were 2.17, 1.79, 2.20, 1.93, 1.92, and 0.52 for cancer-related fibroblasts, macrophages, stromal score, immune score, estimate score, and tumor purity, respectively). Moreover, cancer-related fibroblasts (coefficient: 0.20), stromal score (coefficient: 0.14), immune score (coefficient: 0.14), estimate score (coefficient: 0.15), and tumor purity (coefficient: −0.15) were significantly related to FGPI, among which higher positive correlation between cancer-related fibroblasts and FGPI was observed. Conclusion: We found that FGPI based on ACSL3 and EPAS1 might be used to predict BCR and radiation resistance for PCa patients. CD96 and PD-L2 might be a possible target for drug action. Besides, we highlighted the importance of immune evasion in the process of BCR.
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Liu X, Tong Y, Xia D, Peng E, Yang X, Liu H, Ye T, Wang X, He Y, Ye Z, Chen Z, Tang K. Circular RNAs in prostate cancer: Biogenesis,biological functions, and clinical significance. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:1130-1147. [PMID: 34820150 PMCID: PMC8585584 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed RNA molecules that play important regulatory roles in various tumors. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, with high morbidity and mortality. In recent years, more and more circRNAs have been found to be abnormally expressed and involved in the occurrence and development of PCa, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, metastasis, chemotherapy resistance, and radiotherapy resistance. Most of the circRNAs regulate biological behaviors of cancer through a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory mechanism, and some can exert their functions by binding to proteins. circRNAs are also associated with many clinicopathological features of PCa, including tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. In addition, circRNAs are potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PCa. Considering their critical regulatory roles in the progression of PCa, circRNAs would be the potential therapeutic targets. In this paper, the current research status of circRNAs in PCa is briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yonghua Tong
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ding Xia
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ejun Peng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hailang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xinguang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Xue C, Li G, Lu J, Li L. Crosstalk between circRNAs and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cancer progression. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:400. [PMID: 34815385 PMCID: PMC8611092 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00788-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), covalently closed noncoding RNAs, are widely expressed in eukaryotes and viruses. They can function by regulating target gene expression, linear RNA transcription and protein generation. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays key roles in many biological and cellular processes, such as cell proliferation, growth, invasion, migration, and angiogenesis. It also plays a pivotal role in cancer progression. Emerging data suggest that the circRNA/PI3K/AKT axis modulates the expression of cancer-associated genes and thus regulates tumor progression. Aberrant regulation of the expression of circRNAs in the circRNA/PI3K/AKT axis is significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics and plays an important role in the regulation of biological functions. In this review, we summarized the expression and biological functions of PI3K-AKT-related circRNAs in vitro and in vivo and assessed their associations with clinicopathological characteristics. We also further discussed the important role of circRNAs in the diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Ganglei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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12
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Lai Q, Wang M, Hu C, Tang Y, Li Y, Hao S. Circular RNA regulates the onset and progression of cancer through the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:817. [PMID: 34671431 PMCID: PMC8503804 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid increase in cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide is a major challenge for public health providers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic methods. Circular RNA (circRNA) is characterized by a stable structure and tissue-specific expression; these features are useful in medical research and clinical applications. In recent years, with the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, the potential use of circRNA in cancer prognosis and treatment has been extensively explored. Abnormal circRNA expression interferes with specific signaling pathways such as the MAPK pathway; this phenomenon may provide potential diagnostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. The present article discusses the research progress on the regulatory roles of MAPK/ERK pathway-related circRNA molecules in the development and progression of different types of tumors. This review may provide insight into the development of circRNA-based cancer management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Lai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yarong Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Shuhong Hao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
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13
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Chao F, Wang S, Zhang C, Han D, Xu G, Chen G. The Emerging Role of Circular RNAs in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:681163. [PMID: 34386491 PMCID: PMC8353182 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.681163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors that threaten the health of men. It is urgent to explore new molecular targets and develop new drugs for the treatment of prostate cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in various malignant tumors. The dysregulated circRNAs are involved in the metastasis, tumor growth, drug resistance, and immunosuppression of malignant tumors. The present review systematically summarized publications concerning the biological implications of circRNAs in prostate cancer. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were used to retrieve publications concerning circRNAs and prostate cancer until June 16, 2021. The following keywords were used in the literature search: (circRNA OR circular RNA) AND prostate cancer. 73 publications were enrolled in the present systematic review to summarize the role of circRNAs in prostate cancer. The dysregulated and functional circRNAs were involved in the cell cycle, proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance and radiosensitivity of prostate cancer. In addition, circRNAs could function through EVs and serve as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Certain circRNAs were correlated with clinicopathological features of prostate cancer. A comprehensive review of the molecular mechanism of the tumorigenesis and progression of prostate cancer may contribute to the development of new therapies of prostate cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chao
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dunsheng Han
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Fu X, Niu T, Yang T, Li X. CircMAPK1 promotes the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through miR-22-3p/ methyl-CpG binding protein 2 axis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2189-2198. [PMID: 34059381 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contribute to intimal hyperplasia. CircRNAs are class of endogenous RNA and implicated in the various biological processes. However, the role of circRNAs in atherosclerosis remains largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice models of atherosclerosis were established using APOE-/- mice fed with high-fat diet. High-throughput sequencing was performed to profile the expression of circRNAs in atherosclerosis. A total of 1289 circRNAs were identified. Six circRNAs were up-regulated and 12 circRNAs were down-regulated in the atherosclerotic plaque tissues. Then we focused on circMAPK1, which showed a high level in atherosclerosis. Silencing circMAPK1 suppressed the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Further study showed that circMAPK1 bound with miR-22-3p. CircMAPK1 silencing increased the level of miR-22-3p and suppressed the level of MECP2, a known target of miR-22-3p. Interestingly, suppression of miR-22-3p rescued the effect of circMAPK1 silencing on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. CONCLUSION CircMPAK1 promoted the proliferation and migration of VSMCs through miR-22-3p/MECP2 axis. Our study revealed the role of circMAPK1 in atherosclerosis and shed lights on the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/genetics
- Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Transcriptome
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, PR China
| | - Tiesheng Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, PR China
| | - Tiangui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, PR China.
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15
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Qin L, Sun X, Zhou F, Liu C. CircLRP6 contributes to prostate cancer growth and metastasis by binding to miR-330-5p to up-regulate NRBP1. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:184. [PMID: 34158077 PMCID: PMC8220703 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNA low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (circLRP6) is considered as an oncogene in many types of cancers. However, the function and mechanisms of circLRP6 in prostate cancer (PCa) tumorigenesis remain largely undefined. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays were conducted to assess the expression of circLRP6, microRNA (miR)-330-5p, and nuclear receptor binding protein 1 (NRBP1). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EDU) incorporation, flow cytometry, transwell, wound healing, and western blot assays were performed to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in vitro. Subcutaneous tumor growth was observed in nude mice to investigate the role of circLRP6 in vivo. The targeting relationship between miR-330-5p and NRBP1 or circLRP6 was verified using dual-luciferase reporter, pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Immunohistochemistry was employed to test relative protein expression. Results CircLRP6 was highly expressed in PCa tissues and cells, knockdown of circLRP6 impaired PCa cell growth and metastasis in vitro by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistic studies showed that circLRP6 could competitively bind with miR-330-5p to prevent the degradation of its target gene NRBP1. Rescue assay suggested that miR-330-5p inhibition reversed the inhibitory effects of circLRP6 knockdown on PCa cell growth and metastasis. Moreover, overexpression of miR-330-5p suppressed PCa progression via NRBP1. Notably, tumor formation assay indicated that circLRP6 silencing impeded tumor growth and EMT in vivo. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that circLRP6 promoted PCa tumorigenesis and metastasis through miR-330-5p/NRBP1 axis, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for PCa. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-021-02287-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Qin
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No. 136, Jingzhou Street, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaosong Sun
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No. 136, Jingzhou Street, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No. 136, Jingzhou Street, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No. 136, Jingzhou Street, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, China.
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16
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Hu F, Liu J, Liu H, Li F, Wan M, Zhang M, Jiang Y, Rao M. Role of Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Gastric Cancer: Biological Functions and Potential Clinical Applications. Front Oncol 2021; 11:700168. [PMID: 34195097 PMCID: PMC8238120 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.700168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common fatal cancers worldwide. The communication between GC and other cells in the GC microenvironment directly affects GC progression. Recently, exosomes have been revealed as new players in intercellular communication. They play an important role in human health and diseases, including cancer, owing to their ability to carry various bioactive molecules, including non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). NcRNAs, including micro RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, play a significant role in various pathophysiological processes, especially cancer. Increasing evidence has shown that exosomal ncRNAs are involved in the regulation of tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune regulation, and treatment resistance in GC. In addition, exosomal ncRNAs have promising potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers for GC. Considering the biocompatibility of exosomes, they can also be used as biological carriers for targeted therapy. This review summarizes the current research progress on exosomal ncRNAs in gastric cancer, focusing on their biological role in GC and their potential as new biomarkers for GC and therapeutics. Our review provides insight into the mechanisms involved in GC progression, which may provide a new point cut for the discovery of new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jixuan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huibo Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minjie Wan
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Manli Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Rao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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17
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Zhao Y, Li D, Wei M, Du R, Yan Z. The ester derivatives obtained by C-ring modification of podophyllotoxin induce apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in PC-3M cells via down-regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 46:128174. [PMID: 34098082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) has been reported to have many pharmacological activities, especially its anti-tumor effects. To improve the cytotoxicity and selective effect of PPT, in this study, we have designed and synthesized 20 ester derivatives by introducing Boc-amino acids or organic acids at the C-4 position of PPT. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated with PC-3M, HemECs, A549, MCF-7 and HepG2 cells. We observed that the proliferation of PC-3M cells was inhibited by all 20 ester derivatives in the largest degree, comparing to the other cell lines. Comparing to PPT (IC50 = 234.90 ± 20.7 nM), eight derivatives had better performance in inhabiting proliferation of PC-3M cells, six of them belong to Boc-amino acid ester derivatives, and the derivative named V-05 (IC50 = 1.28 ± 0.1 nM) had the strongest inhibitation effect. Changes in cell proliferation and apoptotic signaling pathways were studied by DAPI staining, colony formation assay, migration assay, flow cytometry and western blot analysis. We found that V-05 were able to inhibit PC-3M cells proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis by downregualting p-PI3K, p-Akt and Bcl-2, and upregulating Cleaved caspase-3 and Bax. Our research provides the first insight for the application of PPT derivatives in PC-3M cells, which may offer information to the effective medicine development for human prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Danyao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Minggang Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Zhaowei Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
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18
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Wang P, Zhou C, Li D, Zhang D, Wei L, Deng Y. circMTO1 sponges microRNA-219a-5p to enhance gallbladder cancer progression via the TGF-β/Smad and EGFR pathways. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:563. [PMID: 34113391 PMCID: PMC8185704 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular mitochondrial translation optimization 1 homologue (circMTO1) has been reported to regulate the tumorigenesis of different types of cancer; however, the role of circMTO1 in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unknown. The present study aimed to identify the potential miRNAs and target genes of circMTO1 during GBC progression, and clarify the regulatory mechanism between circMTO1 and miRNAs or target genes. The present study performed MTT and Transwell assays, and Annexin V staining to assess cell viability, migration and apoptosis, respectively. In addition, a lymphatic vessel formation assay was performed to assess tube formation of human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs), and GBC-SD and NOZ cells. The results demonstrated that circMTO1 knockdown significantly attenuated the viability and migration of GBC cells and tube formation of HDLECs, and promoted apoptosis, indicating a tumor-promoting role of circMTO1. In addition, transfection with microRNA (miRNA/miR)-219a-5p inhibitor rescued short hairpin RNA-circMTO1-inhibited tumorigenesis of GBC cells, suggesting that miR-219a-5p acts as a downstream effector for circMTO1. Mechanistically, transfection with miR-219a-5p mimic suppressed the expression levels of Smad2/4 and epidermal growth factor receptor. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets revealed that circMTO1 expression was associated with overall survival and the stage of patients with GBC. Taken together, the results of the present study provide novel insight for the role of circMTO1-induced GBC tumorigenesis via regulation of miR-219a-5p expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingfan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Chenggang Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Donghai Li
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Long Wei
- Department of Pathology, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Lanzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046, P.R. China
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19
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Li X, Azhati B, Wang W, Rexiati M, Xing C, Wang Y. Circular RNA UBAP2 promotes the proliferation of prostate cancer cells via the miR-1244/MAP3K2 axis. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:486. [PMID: 33968202 PMCID: PMC8100954 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common male malignant disease with a high incidence, which can seriously affect the quality of life of patients. The survival rate of patients with PCa has improved to 98.6%; however, new insights for the molecular mechanism are still urgently required. Circular RNA (circ)UBAP2 is a tumor-associated circRNA that has been demonstrated to promote the progression of various types of cancer. CircUBAP2 has been demonstrated to be significantly upregulated in PCa, but its role in the progression of PCa remains unclear. The present study aimed to provide an improved understanding of the regulatory mechanism of circUBAP2 in PCa. circUBAP2 expression was identified to be upregulated in four PCa cell lines and clinical tissues by using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis. Binding sites analysis and luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that the microRNA(miR)-1244/MAP3K2 axis was the target of circUBAP2. Gain-of-function assays revealed that circUBAP2 promoted the proliferation of PCa cells by sponging miR-1244 and promoting the MAP3K2 axis. The present findings may be essential for providing new strategies in the diagnosis and targeted therapy of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Baihetiya Azhati
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Mulati Rexiati
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Chen Xing
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
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20
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Regulation of Nuclear Factor-KappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway by non-coding RNAs in cancer: Inhibiting or promoting carcinogenesis? Cancer Lett 2021; 509:63-80. [PMID: 33838282 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is considered as a potential therapeutic target in cancer therapy. It has been well established that transcription factor NF-κB is involved in regulating physiological and pathological events including inflammation, immune response and differentiation. Increasing evidences suggest that deregulated NF-κB signaling can enhance cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and also mediate radio-as well as chemo-resistance. On the contrary, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been found to modulate NF-κB signaling pathway under different settings. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can dually inhibit/induce NF-κB signaling thereby affecting the growth and migration of cancer cells. Furthermore, the response of cancer cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy may also be regulated by miRNAs. Regulation of NF-κB by miRNAs may be mediated via binding to 3/-UTR region. Interestingly, anti-tumor compounds can increase the expression of tumor-suppressor miRNAs in inhibiting NF-κB activation and the progression of cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) can also effectively modulate NF-κB signaling thus affecting tumorigenesis. It is noteworthy that several studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs and circRNAs can affect miRNAs in targeting NF-κB activation. They can act as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) thereby reducing miRNA expression to induce NF-κB activation that can in turn promote cancer progression and malignancy.
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21
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Zhang C, Yang Q, Li W, Kang Y, Zhou F, Chang D. Roles of circRNAs in prostate cancer: Expression, mechanism, application and potential. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 134:105968. [PMID: 33731309 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a member of the non-coding RNA family that is formed by trans-splicing. Because of its unique structure and characteristics, it has extraordinary value for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases, particularly for tumors. Study of the role of circRNAs in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer has made considerable progress, but many areas remain that require further exploration and improvement. This article describes research into sequencing expression profiles, expression regulation, potential value as biomarkers, mechanism in the occurrence and development, therapy resistance, relationship with clinicopathological features, and prognostic value of circRNAs in prostate cancer from the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Urology, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Urology, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yindong Kang
- Department of Urology, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Fenghai Zhou
- Department of Urology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Dehui Chang
- Department of Urology, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
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22
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Zhang C, Ding R, Sun Y, Huo ST, He A, Wen C, Chen H, Du WW, Lai W, Wang H. Circular RNA in tumor metastasis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:1243-1257. [PMID: 33717646 PMCID: PMC7907675 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of endogenous non-coding RNA that were discovered to regulate gene expression through multiple pathways. Metastasis remains one of the biggest obstacles in cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on circRNAs involved in cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. We present recently identified tumor-related circRNAs and discuss their functioning in tumor progression and metastasis. These circRNAs are categorized into different functional mechanisms, including microRNA (miRNA) sponging, protein binding, regulation of host genes, translation of circRNAs, and exosomal circRNAs. Additionally, the indirect functions of circRNAs that regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition and autophagy are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - RongFang Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - YiCheng Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Si Tong Huo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Alina He
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Chang Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - HongHao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - William W Du
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - WeiNan Lai
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China 510515
| | - Huijun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 510000, Guangdong Province, China
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23
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Zhou H, Zheng XD, Lin CM, Min J, Hu S, Hu Y, Li LY, Chen JS, Liu YM, Li HD, Meng XM, Li J, Yang YR, Xu T. Advancement and properties of circular RNAs in prostate cancer: An emerging and compelling frontier for discovering. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:651-669. [PMID: 33613119 PMCID: PMC7893591 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.52266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common carcinoma among men worldwide which results in 26% of leading causes of cancer-related death. However, the ideal and effective molecular marker remains elusive. CircRNA, initially observed in plant-infected viruses and Sendai virus in 1979, is generated from pre-mRNA back-splicing and comes in to play by adequate expression. The differential expression in prostate tissues compared with the control reveals the promising capacity in modulating processes including carcinogenesis and metastasis. However, the biological mechanisms of regulatory network in PC needs to systemically concluded. In this review, we enlightened the comprehensive studies on the definite mechanisms of circRNAs affecting tumor progression and metastasis. What's more, we validated the potential clinical application of circRNAs serving as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. The discussion and analysis in circRNAs will broaden our knowledge of the pathogenesis of PC and further optimize the current therapies against different condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC West District, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230031, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zheng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chang-Ming Lin
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230011, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shuang Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Liang-Yun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jia-Si Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu-Min Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hao-Dong Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ya-Ru Yang
- Department of Clinical Trial Research Center, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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24
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Wu L, Quan W, Yue G, Luo Q, Peng D, Pan Y, Zhang G. Identification of a novel six autophagy-related genes signature for the prognostic and a miRNA-related autophagy predictor for anti-PD-1 therapy responses in prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:15. [PMID: 33402116 PMCID: PMC7786978 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autophagy is a highly conserved homeostatic process in the human body that is responsible for the elimination of aggregated proteins and damaged organelles. Several autophagy-related genes (ARGs) contribute to the process of tumorigenesis and metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa). Also, miRNAs have been proven to modulate autophagy by targeting some ARGs. However, their potential role in PCa still remains unclear. Methods An univariate Cox proportional regression model was used to identify 17 ARGs associated with the overall survival (OS) of PCa. Then, a multivariate Cox proportional regression model was used to construct a 6 autophagy-related prognostic genes signature. Patients were divided into low-risk group and high-risk group using the median risk score as a cutoff value. High-risk patients had shorter OS than low-risk patients. Furthermore, the signature was validated by ROC curves. Regarding mRNA and miRNA, 12 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 1073 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected via the GEO database. We found that miR-205, one of the DEMs, was negatively regulated the expression of ARG (NKX2–3). Based on STRING analysis results, we found that the NKX2–3 was moderately related to the part of genes among the 6 autophagy-related genes prognostic signature. Further, NKX 2–3 was significantly correlated with OS and some clinical parameters of PCa by cBioProtal. By gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Lastly, we demonstrated that the association between NKX2–3 and tumor mutation burden (TMB) and PDCD1 (programmed cell death 1) of PCa. Results We identified that the six ARGs expression patterns are independent predictors of OS in PCa patients. Furthermore, our results suggest that ARGs and miRNAs are inter-related. MiR-205 was negatively regulated the expression of ARG (NKX2–3). Further analysis demonstrated that NKX2–3 may be a potential biomarker for predicting the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in PCa. Conclusions The current study may offer a novel autophagy-related prognostic signature and may identify a promising miRNA-ARG pathway for predicting the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Oncology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Wen Quan
- Department of Oncology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Guojun Yue
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhuhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Dongxu Peng
- Department of Oncology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Oncology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, P. R. China.
| | - Guihai Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, P. R. China. .,Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, P. R. China.
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25
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Gong L, Tang Y, Jiang L, Tang W, Luo S. Regulation of circGOLPH3 and its binding protein CBX7 on the proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20200936. [PMID: 33245100 PMCID: PMC7736626 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To clarify the mechanism of circGOLPH3 regulation on prostate cancer cells, we performed an overexpression and interference circGOLPH3 assay in prostate cancer cells PC-3 and then evaluated cellular viability, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by MTT, CCK8, Edu stain, TUNEL stain, and flow cytometry. Binding proteins of CircGOLPH3 were identified by RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry, and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. The expressions of CircGOLPH3 and CBX7 were measured by qRT-PCR. The results showed that after overexpression of circGOLPH3, the proliferative capacity and the viability of PC-3cells were significantly improved, whereas apoptosis was inhibited. CircGOLPH3 could bind to the CBX7 protein that was highly expressed in the PC-3 cell. Additionally, a functional test on CBX7 showed that the CBX7 overexpression notably improved the proliferative capacity and the viability of PC-3 cells and decreased cellular apoptosis, which was consistent with the effects of circGOLPH3. The validated the present study that circGOLPH3 and its binding protein CBX7 can promote prostate cancer cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Gong
- Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu 10017, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
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26
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Rochow H, Jung M, Weickmann S, Ralla B, Stephan C, Elezkurtaj S, Kilic E, Zhao Z, Jung K, Fendler A, Franz A. Circular RNAs and Their Linear Transcripts as Diagnostic and Prognostic Tissue Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer after Prostatectomy in Combination with Clinicopathological Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217812. [PMID: 33105568 PMCID: PMC7672590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As new biomarkers, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been largely unexplored in prostate cancer (PCa). Using an integrative approach, we aimed to evaluate the potential of circRNAs and their linear transcripts (linRNAs) to act as (i) diagnostic biomarkers for differentiation between normal and tumor tissue and (ii) prognostic biomarkers for the prediction of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy. In a first step, eight circRNAs (circATXN10, circCRIM1, circCSNK1G3, circGUCY1A2, circLPP, circNEAT1, circRHOBTB3, and circSTIL) were identified as differentially expressed via a genome-wide circRNA-based microarray analysis of six PCa samples. Additional bioinformatics and literature data were applied for this selection process. In total, 115 malignant PCa and 79 adjacent normal tissue samples were examined using robust RT-qPCR assays specifically established for the circRNAs and their linear counterparts. Their diagnostic and prognostic potential was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, Cox regressions, decision curve analyses, and C-statistic calculations of prognostic indices. The combination of circATXN10 and linSTIL showed a high discriminative ability between malignant and adjacent normal tissue PCa. The combination of linGUCY1A2, linNEAT1, and linSTIL proved to be the best predictive RNA-signature for BCR. The combination of this RNA signature with five established reference models based on only clinicopathological factors resulted in an improved predictive accuracy for BCR in these models. This is an encouraging study for PCa to evaluate circRNAs and their linRNAs in an integrative approach, and the results showed their clinical potential in combination with standard clinicopathological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Rochow
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Jung
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
| | - Sabine Weickmann
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
| | - Bernhard Ralla
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
| | - Carsten Stephan
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sefer Elezkurtaj
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (S.E.); (E.K.)
| | - Ergin Kilic
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (S.E.); (E.K.)
- Institute of Pathology, Hospital Leverkusen, 51375 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Klaus Jung
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-450-515041
| | - Annika Fendler
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Cancer Research Program, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Antonia Franz
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (H.R.); (M.J.); (S.W.); (B.R.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (A.F.); (A.F.)
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27
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Wu YP, Lin XD, Chen SH, Ke ZB, Lin F, Chen DN, Xue XY, Wei Y, Zheng QS, Wen YA, Xu N. Identification of Prostate Cancer-Related Circular RNA Through Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Genet 2020; 11:892. [PMID: 32922436 PMCID: PMC7457069 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Accumulating evidence has suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the development and progression of various cancers, and they show great potential as novel biomarkers. However, the underlying mechanisms and specific functions of most circRNAs in PCa remain unknown. Here, we aimed to identify circRNAs with potential roles in PCa from the PCa expression profile. Methods We used data downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus to identify circRNAs that were differentially expressed between PCa samples and adjacent non-tumor samples. Relative expression levels of identified circRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Micro (mi)RNA response elements were predicted by the CircInteractome database, and miRNA target genes were predicted by miRDB, miRTarBase, and TargetScan databases. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and pathway analysis revealed the potential biological and functional roles of these target genes. A circRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction network was constructed by Cytoscape. The interaction between circRNAs and miRNAs in PCa was thoroughly reviewed in the PubMed. Finally, the mRNA expression of these genes was validated by the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases. The expression of proteins encoded by these genes was further validated by the Human protein Atlas (HPA) database. Results A total of 60 circRNAs that were differentially expressed between PCa and healthy samples were screened, of which 15 were annotated. Three circRNAs (hsa_circ_0024353, hsa_circ_0085494, hsa_circ_0031408) certified the criteria were studied. The results of quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that the expression of hsa_circ_0024353 was significantly downregulated in PC-3 cells when compared with RWPE-1 cells, while the expression of hsa_circ_0031408 and hsa_circ_0085494 was significantly upregulated in PC-3 cells when compared with RWPE-1 cells. GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses found that target genes were mainly enriched in metabolic processes and pathways involving phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt signaling, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling, p53 signaling, and the cell cycle. A total of 11 miRNA target genes showing differential expression between PCa and healthy samples were selected, and their mRNA and protein expression were validated by GEPIA and HPA databases, respectively. Of these, PDE7B, DMRT2, and TGFBR3 were identified as potentially playing a role in PCa progression. Finally, three circRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction axes were predicted by bioinformatics: hsa_circ_0024353–hsa-miR-940–PDE7B, hsa_circ_0024353–hsa-miR-1253–DMRT2, and hsa_circ_0085494–hsa-miR-330-3p–TGFBR3. Conclusion This study identified three circRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction axes that might provide novel insights into the potential mechanisms underlying PCa development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shao-Hao Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ke
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ning Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yi Xue
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing-Shui Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao-An Wen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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28
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Tang Q, Hann SS. Biological Roles and Mechanisms of Circular RNA in Human Cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2067-2092. [PMID: 32210574 PMCID: PMC7069569 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s233672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is an intriguing class of RNA with covalently closed-loop structure and is highly stable and conservative. As new members of the ncRNAs, the function, mechanism, potential diagnostic biomarker, and therapeutic target have raised increased attention. Most circRNAs are presented with characteristics of abundance, stability, conservatism, and often exhibiting tissue/developmental-stage-specific manner. Over 30,000 circRNAs have been identified with their unique structures to maintain stability more easily than linear RNAs. An increased numbers of circRNAs are dysregulated and involved in several biological processes of malignance, such as tumorigenesis, growth, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and vascularization. Emerging evidence suggests that circRNAs play important roles by acting as miRNA sponge or protein scaffolding, autophagy regulators, and interacting with RNA-binding protein (RBP), which may potentially serve as a novel promising biomarker for prevention, diagnosis and therapeutic target for treatment of human cancer with great significance either in scientific research or clinic arena. This review introduces concept, major features of circRNAs, and mainly describes the major biological functions and clinical relevance of circRNAs, as well as expressions and regulatory mechanisms in various types of human cancer, including pathogenesis, mode of action, potential target, signaling regulatory pathways, drug resistance, and therapeutic biomarkers. All of which provide evidence for the potential utilities of circRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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