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van Ruitenbeek P, Franzen L, Mason NL, Stiers P, Ramaekers JG. Methylphenidate as a treatment option for substance use disorder: a transdiagnostic perspective. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1208120. [PMID: 37599874 PMCID: PMC10435872 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1208120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A transition in viewing mental disorders from conditions defined as a set of unique characteristics to one of the quantitative variations on a collection of dimensions allows overlap between disorders. The overlap can be utilized to extend to treatment approaches. Here, we consider the overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorder to probe the suitability to use methylphenidate as a treatment for substance use disorder. Both disorders are characterized by maladaptive goal-directed behavior, impaired cognitive control, hyperactive phasic dopaminergic neurotransmission in the striatum, prefrontal hypoactivation, and reduced frontal cortex gray matter volume/density. In addition, methylphenidate has been shown to improve cognitive control and normalize associated brain activation in substance use disorder patients and clinical trials have found methylphenidate to improve clinical outcomes. Despite the theoretical basis and promising, but preliminary, outcomes, many questions remain unanswered. Most prominent is whether all patients who are addicted to different substances may equally profit from methylphenidate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter van Ruitenbeek
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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2
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Ceceli AO, Parvaz MA, King S, Schafer M, Malaker P, Sharma A, Alia-Klein N, Goldstein RZ. Altered prefrontal signaling during inhibitory control in a salient drug context in cocaine use disorder. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:597-611. [PMID: 35244138 PMCID: PMC9890460 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug addiction is characterized by impaired response inhibition and salience attribution (iRISA), where the salience of drug cues is postulated to overpower that of other reinforcers with a concomitant decrease in self-control. However, the neural underpinnings of the interaction between the salience of drug cues and inhibitory control in drug addiction remain unclear. METHODS We developed a novel stop-signal functional magnetic resonance imaging task where the stop-signal reaction time (SSRT-a classical inhibitory control measure) was tested under different salience conditions (modulated by drug, food, threat, or neutral words) in individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD; n = 26) versus demographically matched healthy control participants (n = 26). RESULTS Despite similarities in drug cue-related SSRT and valence and arousal word ratings between groups, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) activity was diminished during the successful inhibition of drug versus food cues in CUD and was correlated with lower frequency of recent use, lower craving, and longer abstinence (Z > 3.1, P < 0.05 corrected). DISCUSSION Results suggest altered involvement of cognitive control regions (e.g. dlPFC) during inhibitory control under a drug context, relative to an alternative reinforcer, in CUD. Supporting the iRISA model, these results elucidate the direct impact of drug-related cue reactivity on the neural signature of inhibitory control in drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet O Ceceli
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Muhammad A Parvaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1065, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Sarah King
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1065, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Matthew Schafer
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1065, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Pias Malaker
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Akarsh Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Nelly Alia-Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1065, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Rita Z Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1065, New York, NY 10029, United States
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Multimodal investigation of dopamine D 2/D 3 receptors, default mode network suppression, and cognitive control in cocaine-use disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:316-324. [PMID: 33007778 PMCID: PMC7852666 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stimulant-use disorders have been associated with lower availability of dopamine type-2 receptors (D2R) and greater availability of type-3 receptors (D3R). Links between D2R levels, cognitive performance, and suppression of the default mode network (DMN) during executive functioning have been observed in healthy and addicted populations; however, there is limited evidence regarding a potential role of elevated D3R in influencing cognitive control processes in groups with and without addictions. Sixteen individuals with cocaine-use disorder (CUD) and 16 healthy comparison (HC) participants completed [11C]-(+)-PHNO PET imaging of D2R and D3R availability and fMRI during a Stroop task of cognitive control. Independent component analysis was performed on fMRI data to assess DMN suppression during Stroop performance. In HC individuals, lower D2R-related binding in the dorsal putamen was associated with improved task performance and greater DMN suppression. By comparison, in individuals with CUD, greater D3R-related binding in the substantia nigra was associated with improved performance and greater DMN suppression. Exploratory moderated-mediation analyses indicated that DMN suppression was associated with Stroop performance indirectly through D2R in HC and D3R in CUD participants, and these indirect effects were different between groups. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of a dissociative and potentially beneficial role of elevated D3R availability in executive functioning in cocaine-use disorder.
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Postolache TT, Wadhawan A, Rujescu D, Hoisington AJ, Dagdag A, Baca-Garcia E, Lowry CA, Okusaga OO, Brenner LA. Toxoplasma gondii, Suicidal Behavior, and Intermediate Phenotypes for Suicidal Behavior. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:665682. [PMID: 34177652 PMCID: PMC8226025 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.665682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the general literature on infections and suicidal behavior, studies on Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) occupy a central position. This is related to the parasite's neurotropism, high prevalence of chronic infection, as well as specific and non-specific behavioral alterations in rodents that lead to increased risk taking, which are recapitulated in humans by T. gondii's associations with suicidal behavior, as well as trait impulsivity and aggression, mental illness and traffic accidents. This paper is a detailed review of the associations between T. gondii serology and suicidal behavior, a field of study that started 15 years ago with our publication of associations between T. gondii IgG serology and suicidal behavior in persons with mood disorders. This "legacy" article presents, chronologically, our primary studies in individuals with mood disorders and schizophrenia in Germany, recent attempters in Sweden, and in a large cohort of mothers in Denmark. Then, it reviews findings from all three meta-analyses published to date, confirming our reported associations and overall consistent in effect size [ranging between 39 and 57% elevation of odds of suicide attempt in T. gondii immunoglobulin (IgG) positives]. Finally, the article introduces certain links between T. gondii and biomarkers previously associated with suicidal behavior (kynurenines, phenylalanine/tyrosine), intermediate phenotypes of suicidal behavior (impulsivity, aggression) and state-dependent suicide risk factors (hopelessness/dysphoria, sleep impairment). In sum, an abundance of evidence supports a positive link between suicide attempts (but not suicidal ideation) and T. gondii IgG (but not IgM) seropositivity and serointensity. Trait impulsivity and aggression, endophenotypes of suicidal behavior have also been positively associated with T. gondii seropositivity in both the psychiatrically healthy as well as in patients with Intermittent Explosive Disorder. Yet, causality has not been demonstrated. Thus, randomized interventional studies are necessary to advance causal inferences and, if causality is confirmed, to provide hope that an etiological treatment for a distinct subgroup of individuals at an increased risk for suicide could emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor T Postolache
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, United States.,Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 5, VA Capitol Health Care Network, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Abhishek Wadhawan
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Saint Elizabeth's Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Andrew J Hoisington
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Dayton, OH, United States.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Aline Dagdag
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Enrique Baca-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Jimenez Diaz Foundation Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Madrid Autonomous University, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital, Móstoles, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Villalba, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Infanta Elena University Hospital, Valdemoro, Spain.,Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca, Chile.,Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience, Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Olaoluwa O Okusaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lisa A Brenner
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Psychiatry & Neurology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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5
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Zhang R, Volkow ND. Brain default-mode network dysfunction in addiction. Neuroimage 2019; 200:313-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Peng X, Brenner LA, Mathai AJ, Cook TB, Fuchs D, Postolache N, Groer MW, Pandey JP, Mohyuddin F, Giegling I, Wadhawan A, Hartmann AM, Konte B, Brundin L, Friedl M, Stiller JW, Lowry CA, Rujescu D, Postolache TT. Moderation of the relationship between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and trait impulsivity in younger men by the phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:992-1000. [PMID: 30057257 PMCID: PMC6371810 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii)-seropositivity is associated with higher impulsive sensation seeking in younger men. As dopaminergic and serotonergic signaling regulate impulsivity, and as T. gondii directly and indirectly affects dopaminergic signaling and induces activation of the kynurenine pathway leading to the diversion of tryptophan from serotonin production, we investigated if dopamine and serotonin precursors or the tryptophan metabolite kynurenine interact with the T. gondii-impulsivity association. In 950 psychiatrically healthy participants, trait impulsivity scores were related to T. gondii IgG seropositivity. Interactions were also identified between categorized levels of phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr), Phe:Tyr ratio, kynurenine (Kyn), tryptophan (Trp) and Kyn:Trp ratio, and age and gender. Only younger T. gondii-positive men with a high Phe:Tyr ratio, were found to have significantly higher impulsivity scores. There were no significant associations in other demographic groups, including women and older men. No significant effects or interactions were identified for Phe, Tyr, Kyn, Trp, or Kyn:Trp ratio. Phe:Tyr ratio, therefore, may play a moderating role in the association between T. gondii seropositivity and impulsivity in younger men. These results could potentially lead to individualized approaches to reduce impulsivity, based on combined demographic, biochemical and serological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Peng
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lisa A. Brenner
- Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Suicide Prevention, Denver, CO, USA,University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Departments of Psychiatry, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and Neurology, Denver, CO, USA,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE). Denver, CO, USA
| | - Ashwin J. Mathai
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas B. Cook
- Department of Public Health & Mercyhurst Institute for Public Health, Mercyhurst University, Erie, PA, USA
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nadine Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Janardan P. Pandey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Farooq Mohyuddin
- Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Abhishek Wadhawan
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Annette M. Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Bettina Konte
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Lena Brundin
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University and the Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Marion Friedl
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - John W. Stiller
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher A. Lowry
- Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Suicide Prevention, Denver, CO, USA,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE). Denver, CO, USA,Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Teodor T. Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Suicide Prevention, Denver, CO, USA,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE). Denver, CO, USA,VA Capitol Health Care Network, Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (VISN 5 MIRECC), Baltimore, MD, USA,Correspondent author. (T.T. Postolache)
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Zhang DD, Zhang YQ, Zhang XH. Prefrontal AMPA receptors are involved in the effect of methylphenidate on response inhibition in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:607-615. [PMID: 29265108 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition is a critical executive control function in many species. Deficits in response inhibition have been observed in many disorders, eg, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The stop-signal task (SST) is a unique behavior task for evaluating response inhibition via measuring the covert latency of a stop process, and it is widely used in studies of humans, nonhuman primates and rodents. Methylphenidate (MPH; Ritalin®) is a psychostimulant that is widely used for the treatment of ADHD and that effectively improves response inhibition in individuals with ADHD and normal subjects. However, its mechanism of improving response inhibition remains unknown. In this study we adopted a rodent nose-poking version of the SST to examine response inhibition by estimating the stop signal reaction time (SSRT) in rats. Administration of MPH (1 mg/kg, sc) 25 min before the SST test exerted a baseline-dependent effect of MPH on response inhibition, ie, it shortened the SSRTs only in the rats with larger baseline SSRTs, thereby improving response inhibition in these rats. The effect of MPH on response inhibition remained 3 h after MPH administration. Co-administration of PP2 (1 mg/kg, sc), a Src-protein tyrosine kinase (Src-PTKs) inhibitor that inhibited the upregulation of glutamate receptor expression on the plasma membrane of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), abolished the MPH-caused improvement in response inhibition. Furthermore, intra-PFC infusion of a selective AMPAR antagonist.NASPM (0.3 mmol/L, per side) via stainless guide cannulas implanted earlier abolished the effect of MPH on SSRT. These results suggest that AMPA receptors in the PFC are involved in the effect of MPH on response inhibition in rats.
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Zhang Y, Zhang S, Ide JS, Hu S, Zhornitsky S, Wang W, Dong G, Tang X, Li CSR. Dynamic network dysfunction in cocaine dependence: Graph theoretical metrics and stop signal reaction time. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 18:793-801. [PMID: 29876265 PMCID: PMC5988015 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphic theoretical metrics have become increasingly popular in characterizing functional connectivity of neural networks and how network connectivity is compromised in neuropsychiatric illnesses. Here, we add to this literature by describing dynamic network connectivities of 78 cocaine dependent (CD) and 85 non-drug using healthy control (HC) participants who underwent fMRI during performance of a stop signal task (SST). Compared to HC, CD showed prolonged stop signal reaction time (SSRT), consistent with deficits in response inhibition. In graph theoretical analysis of dynamic functional connectivity, we examined temporal flexibility and spatiotemporal diversity of 14 networks covering the whole brain. Temporal flexibility quantifies how frequently a brain region interacts with regions of other communities across time, with high temporal flexibility indicating that a region interacts predominantly with regions outside its own community. Spatiotemporal diversity quantifies how uniformly a brain region interacts with regions in other communities over time, with high spatiotemporal diversity indicating that the interactions are more evenly distributed across communities. Compared to HC, CD exhibited decreased temporal flexibility and increased spatiotemporal diversity in the great majority of neural networks. The graph metric measures of the default mode network negatively correlated with SSRT in CD but not HC. The findings are consistent with diminished temporal flexibility and a compensatory increase in spatiotemporal diversity, in association with impairment of a critical executive function, in cocaine addiction. More broadly, the findings suggest that graph theoretical metrics provide new insights for connectivity analyses to elucidate network dysfunction that may elude conventional measures. Cocaine addiction (CA) is associated with prolonged stop signal reaction time (SSRT). CA is associated with decreased temporal flexibility (TF) of neural networks. CA is associated with increased spatial temporal diversity (STD) of neural networks. The TF and STD of default mode network correlated negatively with SSRT in CA. Dynamic connectivity captures network dysfunction in link with inhibition deficits in CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Zhang
- Department of Biomedical engineering, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of technology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaime S Ide
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sien Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Oswego, NY, USA
| | - Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Guozhao Dong
- Department of Biomedical engineering, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- Department of Biomedical engineering, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Perry CJ, Lawrence AJ. Addiction, cognitive decline and therapy: seeking ways to escape a vicious cycle. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2016; 16:205-218. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. J. Perry
- Behavioural Neuroscience Division; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health; University of Melbourne; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - A. J. Lawrence
- Behavioural Neuroscience Division; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; Melbourne VIC Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health; University of Melbourne; Melbourne VIC Australia
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Zhang S, Hu S, Sinha R, Potenza MN, Malison RT, Li CSR. Cocaine dependence and thalamic functional connectivity: a multivariate pattern analysis. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 12:348-58. [PMID: 27556009 PMCID: PMC4986538 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine dependence is associated with deficits in cognitive control. Previous studies demonstrated that chronic cocaine use affects the activity and functional connectivity of the thalamus, a subcortical structure critical for cognitive functioning. However, the thalamus contains nuclei heterogeneous in functions, and it is not known how thalamic subregions contribute to cognitive dysfunctions in cocaine dependence. To address this issue, we used multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) to examine how functional connectivity of the thalamus distinguishes 100 cocaine-dependent participants (CD) from 100 demographically matched healthy control individuals (HC). We characterized six task-related networks with independent component analysis of fMRI data of a stop signal task and employed MVPA to distinguish CD from HC on the basis of voxel-wise thalamic connectivity to the six independent components. In an unbiased model of distinct training and testing data, the analysis correctly classified 72% of subjects with leave-one-out cross-validation (p < 0.001), superior to comparison brain regions with similar voxel counts (p < 0.004, two-sample t test). Thalamic voxels that form the basis of classification aggregate in distinct subclusters, suggesting that connectivities of thalamic subnuclei distinguish CD from HC. Further, linear regressions provided suggestive evidence for a correlation of the thalamic connectivities with clinical variables and performance measures on the stop signal task. Together, these findings support thalamic circuit dysfunction in cognitive control as an important neural marker of cocaine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Sien Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- CASAColumbia, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Robert T. Malison
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Chiang-shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Dakwar E, Nunes EV. New Directions in Medication-Facilitated Behavioral Treatment for Substance Use Disorders. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016; 18:64. [PMID: 27222138 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-016-0703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A promising approach to addressing substance use disorders is to integrate pharmacotherapy with a behavioral treatment with which synergy is possible. In this review, we focus on recent research suggesting that this approach may be effective for cocaine and cannabis use disorders, both of which currently lack efficacious medications. We summarize potential targets of pharmacotherapy of particular relevance to combined medication-behavioral treatment and examine preliminary evidence of clinical efficacy. Common to these promising medications is a hypothesized mechanism of action predicated on reversing drug-related neural adaptations, such as high reactivity to stress or drug cues, that might undermine fruitful engagement with behavioral treatment. We also review emerging medications, such as certain glutamatergic and serotonergic agents, which may be feasibly integrated with existing treatments. We conclude with an outline of future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Dakwar
- Division on Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Edward V Nunes
- Division on Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Moeller SJ, Konova AB, Tomasi D, Parvaz MA, Goldstein RZ. Abnormal response to methylphenidate across multiple fMRI procedures in cocaine use disorder: feasibility study. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:2559-69. [PMID: 27150080 PMCID: PMC4916842 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The indirect dopamine agonist methylphenidate remediates cognitive deficits in psychopathology, but the individual characteristics that determine its effects on the brain are not known. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine whether targeted dopaminergically modulated traits and individual differences could predict neural response to methylphenidate across multiple functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) procedures. METHODS We combined neural measures from three separate procedures (two inhibitory control tasks differing in their degree of emotional salience and resting-state functional connectivity) during methylphenidate (20 mg oral, versus randomized and counterbalanced placebo) and correlated these aggregated responses with cocaine use disorder diagnosis (22 cocaine abusers, 21 controls), symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and working memory capacity. RESULTS Cocaine abusers, relative to controls, had a lower response in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to methylphenidate across all three procedures, driven by responses to the two inhibitory control tasks; reduced methylphenidate fMRI response in this region further correlated with more frequent cocaine use. CONCLUSIONS Cocaine abuse (and its frequency), associated with lower tonic dopamine levels, correlated with a reduction in activation to methylphenidate (versus placebo). These initial results provide feasibility to the idea that multimodal fMRI tasks can be meaningfully aggregated, and that these aggregated procedures show a common disruption in addiction in a highly anticipated region relevant to cognitive control. Results also suggest that drug use frequency may represent an important modulatory variable in interpreting the efficacy of pharmacologically enhanced cognitive interventions in addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J. Moeller
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029,Correspondence may be addressed to: Scott J. Moeller, 1470 Madison Ave (Room 9-115), New York, NY 10029; Tel: 212-824-8973; Fax: 212-803-6743; . Or to: Rita Z. Goldstein, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029; tel. (212) 824-9312; fax (212) 996-8931;
| | - Anna B. Konova
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, NY 10003
| | - Dardo Tomasi
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Muhammad A. Parvaz
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Rita Z. Goldstein
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029,Correspondence may be addressed to: Scott J. Moeller, 1470 Madison Ave (Room 9-115), New York, NY 10029; Tel: 212-824-8973; Fax: 212-803-6743; . Or to: Rita Z. Goldstein, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029; tel. (212) 824-9312; fax (212) 996-8931;
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Manza P, Hu S, Ide JS, Farr OM, Zhang S, Leung HC, Li CSR. The effects of methylphenidate on cerebral responses to conflict anticipation and unsigned prediction error in a stop-signal task. J Psychopharmacol 2016; 30:283-93. [PMID: 26755547 PMCID: PMC4837899 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115625102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To adapt flexibly to a rapidly changing environment, humans must anticipate conflict and respond to surprising, unexpected events. To this end, the brain estimates upcoming conflict on the basis of prior experience and computes unsigned prediction error (UPE). Although much work implicates catecholamines in cognitive control, little is known about how pharmacological manipulation of catecholamines affects the neural processes underlying conflict anticipation and UPE computation. We addressed this issue by imaging 24 healthy young adults who received a 45 mg oral dose of methylphenidate (MPH) and 62 matched controls who did not receive MPH prior to performing the stop-signal task. We used a Bayesian Dynamic Belief Model to make trial-by-trial estimates of conflict and UPE during task performance. Replicating previous research, the control group showed anticipation-related activation in the presupplementary motor area and deactivation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus, as well as UPE-related activations in the dorsal anterior cingulate, insula, and inferior parietal lobule. In group comparison, MPH increased anticipation activity in the bilateral caudate head and decreased UPE activity in each of the aforementioned regions. These findings highlight distinct effects of catecholamines on the neural mechanisms underlying conflict anticipation and UPE, signals critical to learning and adaptive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Manza
- Integrative Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sien Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaime S Ide
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Olivia M Farr
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hoi-Chung Leung
- Integrative Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Chiang-shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Zhou J, Yao N, Fairchild G, Cao X, Zhang Y, Xiang YT, Zhang L, Wang X. Disrupted default mode network connectivity in male adolescents with conduct disorder. Brain Imaging Behav 2015; 10:995-1003. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-015-9465-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Dürsteler KM, Berger EM, Strasser J, Caflisch C, Mutschler J, Herdener M, Vogel M. Clinical potential of methylphenidate in the treatment of cocaine addiction: a review of the current evidence. Subst Abuse Rehabil 2015; 6:61-74. [PMID: 26124696 PMCID: PMC4476488 DOI: 10.2147/sar.s50807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cocaine use continues to be a public health problem, yet there is no proven effective pharmacotherapy for cocaine dependence. A promising approach to treating cocaine dependence may be agonist-replacement therapy, which is already used effectively in the treatment of opioid and tobacco dependence. The replacement approach for cocaine dependence posits that administration of a long-acting stimulant medication should normalize the neurochemical and behavioral perturbations resulting from chronic cocaine use. One potential medication to be substituted for cocaine is methylphenidate (MPH), as this stimulant possesses pharmacobehavioral properties similar to those of cocaine. Aim To provide a qualitative review addressing the rationale for the use of MPH as a cocaine substitute and its clinical potential in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Methods We searched MEDLINE for clinical studies using MPH in patients with cocaine abuse/dependence and screened the bibliographies of the articles found for pertinent literature. Results MPH, like cocaine, increases synaptic dopamine by inhibiting dopamine reuptake. The discriminative properties, reinforcing potential, and subjective effects of MPH and cocaine are almost identical and, importantly, MPH has been found to substitute for cocaine in animals and human volunteers under laboratory conditions. When taken orally in therapeutic doses, its abuse liability, however, appears low, which is especially true for extended-release MPH preparations. Though there are promising data in the literature, mainly from case reports and open-label studies, the results of randomized controlled trials have been disappointing so far and do not corroborate the use of MPH as a substitute for cocaine dependence in patients without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Conclusion Clinical studies evaluating MPH substitution for cocaine dependence have provided inconsistent findings. However, the negative findings may be explained by specific study characteristics, among them dosing, duration of treatment, or sample size. This needs to be considered when discussing the potential of MPH as replacement therapy for cocaine dependence. Finally, based on the results, we suggest possible directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Dürsteler
- Center for Addictive Disorders, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland ; Center for Addictive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva-Maria Berger
- Center for Addictive Disorders, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Strasser
- Center for Addictive Disorders, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Caflisch
- Center for Addictive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Mutschler
- Center for Addictive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Herdener
- Center for Addictive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Vogel
- Center for Addictive Disorders, Psychiatric University Clinics Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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16
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Fuentes-Claramonte P, Ávila C, Rodríguez-Pujadas A, Ventura-Campos N, Bustamante JC, Costumero V, Rosell-Negre P, Barrós-Loscertales A. Reward sensitivity modulates brain activity in the prefrontal cortex, ACC and striatum during task switching. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123073. [PMID: 25875640 PMCID: PMC4395363 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Current perspectives on cognitive control acknowledge that individual differences in motivational dispositions may modulate cognitive processes in the absence of reward contingencies. This work aimed to study the relationship between individual differences in Behavioral Activation System (BAS) sensitivity and the neural underpinnings involved in processing a switching cue in a task-switching paradigm. BAS sensitivity was hypothesized to modulate brain activity in frontal regions, ACC and the striatum. Twenty-eight healthy participants underwent fMRI while performing a switching task, which elicited activity in fronto-striatal regions during the processing of the switch cue. BAS sensitivity was negatively associated with activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex and the ventral striatum. Combined with previous results, our data indicate that BAS sensitivity modulates the neurocognitive processes involved in task switching in a complex manner depending on task demands. Therefore, individual differences in motivational dispositions may influence cognitive processing in the absence of reward contingencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Fuentes-Claramonte
- Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - César Ávila
- Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Aina Rodríguez-Pujadas
- Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Noelia Ventura-Campos
- Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Juan C. Bustamante
- Departamento de Psicología y Sociología, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor Costumero
- Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Patricia Rosell-Negre
- Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Alfonso Barrós-Loscertales
- Departament de Psicologia Bàsica, Clínica i Psicobiologia, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Impulsivity is associated with various psychopathologies, and elevated impulsivity is typically disadvantageous. This manuscript reviews recent investigations into the neurobiology of impulsivity using human imaging techniques and animal models. Both human imaging and preclinical pharmacological manipulations have yielded important insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of impulsivity. A more thorough understanding of the complex neurobiology underlying aspects of impulsivity may provide insight into new treatment options that target elevated impulsivity and psychopathologies such as addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci R Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT ; Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT ; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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