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Esteban-Cornejo I, Lara-Jimenez I, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Verdejo-Roman J, Catena A, Erickson KI, Ortega FB. Early morning physical activity is associated with healthier white matter microstructure and happier children: the ActiveBrains project. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:833-845. [PMID: 37058244 PMCID: PMC10894097 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The background of this study is to examine the associations of individual and combined early morning patterns (i.e., active commuting to school, physical activity before school, having breakfast and good sleep) with white matter microstructure (WMM) and, whether the associated white mater microstructure outcomes were related to mental health outcomes in children with overweight or obesity. 103 children with overweight or obesity (10.0 ± 1.1 years old, 42 girls) from the ActiveBrains project participated in this cross-sectional study. Early morning patterns and mental health indicators (i.e., self-esteem, optimism, positive and negative affect, stress, depression and anxiety) were self-reported by the children using validated questionnaires. WMM was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging using diffusion tensor imaging. When examined independently, early morning patterns were not related with WMM (all P > 0.05). However, the combination of early morning patterns was related with WMM (P < 0.05). Specifically, physically active early morning patterns (i.e., active commuting to school and physical activity before school) were associated with global fractional anisotropy (FA) (β = 0.298, P = 0.013) and global radial diffusivity (RD) (β = - 0.272, P = 0.021), as well as with tract-specific FA (β = 0.314, P = 0.004) and RD (β = - 0.234, P = 0.032) in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Furthermore, combined physically active early morning pattern-associated global (i.e., FA and RD) and tract-specific (i.e., FA and RD in the SLF) WMM indicators were positively associated with happiness (β absolute value range from 0.252 to 0.298, all P < 0.05). A combination of physically active early morning patterns may positively relate to white matter microstructure in children with overweight or obesity, and, in turn, happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Lara-Jimenez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Rodriguez-Ayllon
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Verdejo-Roman
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Andres Catena
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Cao HL, Wei W, Meng YJ, Deng RH, Li XJ, Deng W, Liu YS, Tang Z, Du XD, Greenshaw AJ, Li ML, Li T, Guo WJ. Interactions between overweight/obesity and alcohol dependence impact human brain white matter microstructure: evidence from DTI. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01760-9. [PMID: 38403735 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01760-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
There is inconsistent evidence for an association of obesity with white matter microstructural alterations. Such inconsistent findings may be related to the cumulative effects of obesity and alcohol dependence. This study aimed to investigate the possible interactions between alcohol dependence and overweight/obesity on white matter microstructure in the human brain. A total of 60 inpatients with alcohol dependence during early abstinence (44 normal weight and 16 overweight/obese) and 65 controls (42 normal weight and 23 overweight/obese) were included. The diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures [fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD)] of the white matter microstructure were compared between groups. We observed significant interactive effects between alcohol dependence and overweight/obesity on DTI measures in several tracts. The DTI measures were not significantly different between the overweight/obese and normal-weight groups (although widespread trends of increased FA and decreased RD were observed) among controls. However, among the alcohol-dependent patients, the overweight/obese group had widespread reductions in FA and widespread increases in RD, most of which significantly differed from the normal-weight group; among those with overweight/obesity, the alcohol-dependent group had widespread reductions in FA and widespread increases in RD, most of which were significantly different from the control group. This study found significant interactive effects between overweight/obesity and alcohol dependence on white matter microstructure, indicating that these two controllable factors may synergistically impact white matter microstructure and disrupt structural connectivity in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Cao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Ya-Jing Meng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ren-Hao Deng
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Yan-Song Liu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Tang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Du
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Ming-Li Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China
| | - Wan-Jun Guo
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310063, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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Kawade N, Yamanaka K. Novel insights into brain lipid metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: Oligodendrocytes and white matter abnormalities. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:194-216. [PMID: 37330425 PMCID: PMC10839347 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. A genome-wide association study has shown that several AD risk genes are involved in lipid metabolism. Additionally, epidemiological studies have indicated that the levels of several lipid species are altered in the AD brain. Therefore, lipid metabolism is likely changed in the AD brain, and these alterations might be associated with an exacerbation of AD pathology. Oligodendrocytes are glial cells that produce the myelin sheath, which is a lipid-rich insulator. Dysfunctions of the myelin sheath have been linked to white matter abnormalities observed in the AD brain. Here, we review the lipid composition and metabolism in the brain and myelin and the association between lipidic alterations and AD pathology. We also present the abnormalities in oligodendrocyte lineage cells and white matter observed in AD. Additionally, we discuss metabolic disorders, including obesity, as AD risk factors and the effects of obesity and dietary intake of lipids on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noe Kawade
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNagoya UniversityJapan
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya UniversityJapan
| | - Koji Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNagoya UniversityJapan
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya UniversityJapan
- Institute for Glyco‐core Research (iGCORE)Nagoya UniversityJapan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT)Nagoya UniversityJapan
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Dietze LMF, McWhinney SR, Radua J, Hajek T. Extended and replicated white matter changes in obesity: Voxel-based and region of interest meta-analyses of diffusion tensor imaging studies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1108360. [PMID: 36960197 PMCID: PMC10028081 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1108360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity has become a global public health issue, which impacts general health and the brain. Associations between obesity and white matter microstructure measured using diffusion tensor imaging have been under reviewed, despite a relatively large number of individual studies. Our objective was to determine the association between obesity and white matter microstructure in a large general population sample. Methods We analyzed location of brain white matter changes in obesity using the Anisotropic Effect Size Seed-based d Mapping (AES-SDM) method in a voxel-based meta-analysis, with validation in a region of interest (ROI) effect size meta-analysis. Our sample included 21 742 individuals from 51 studies. Results The voxel-based spatial meta-analysis demonstrated reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) with obesity in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, middle cerebellar peduncles, anterior thalamic radiation, cortico-spinal projections, and cerebellum. The ROI effect size meta-analysis replicated associations between obesity and lower FA in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum, middle cerebellar peduncles. Effect size of obesity related brain changes was small to medium. Discussion Our findings demonstrate obesity related brain white matter changes are localized rather than diffuse. Better understanding the brain correlates of obesity could help identify risk factors, and targets for prevention or treatment of brain changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorielle M. F. Dietze
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Hajek
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Tomas Hajek,
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Luckhoff HK, du Plessis S, Scheffler F, Phahladira L, Kilian S, Buckle C, Smit R, Chiliza B, Asmal L, Emsley R. Fronto-limbic white matter fractional anisotropy and body mass index in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients compared to healthy controls. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 305:111173. [PMID: 32896691 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this diffusion tensor imaging study, we explored the associations of body mass index (BMI) with white matter microstructure in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients (n = 69) versus healthy controls (n = 93). We focused on fractional anisotropy (FA) measures for fronto-limbic white matter tracts known to connect brain regions which form part of a "core eating network". Secondary objectives included the associations of body mass with global illness severity, psychopathology and depressive symptoms. In a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) model, there was a significant interaction between BMI and group (patient versus control) across the fronto-limbic white matter tracts of interest (F(1,155)= 4.91, p = 0.03). In a sub-analysis, BMI was significantly inversely correlated with FA measures for the genu and body of the corpus callosum, left and right tapetum, and left superior fronto-occipital fasciculus in controls. In patients, BMI was significantly positively correlated with white matter FA for the genu of the corpus callosum and left tapetum. Lower BMI was significantly correlated with more severe negative symptoms, as was earlier age of illness onset. Body mass may be differentially associated with fronto-limbic white matter microstructure in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Luckhoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa.
| | - S du Plessis
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - F Scheffler
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - L Phahladira
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - S Kilian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - C Buckle
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - R Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - B Chiliza
- Department of Psychiatry, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - L Asmal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
| | - R Emsley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Western Cape 7500, South Africa
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Michielse S, Lange I, Bakker J, Goossens L, Verhagen S, Wichers M, Lieverse R, Schruers K, van Amelsvoort T, van Os J, Marcelis M. White matter microstructure and network-connectivity in emerging adults with subclinical psychotic experiences. Brain Imaging Behav 2020; 14:1876-1888. [PMID: 31183775 PMCID: PMC7572337 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Group comparisons of individuals with psychotic disorder and controls have shown alterations in white matter microstructure. Whether white matter microstructure and network connectivity is altered in adolescents with subclinical psychotic experiences (PE) at the lowest end of the psychosis severity spectrum is less clear. DWI scan were acquired in 48 individuals with PE and 43 healthy controls (HC). Traditional tensor-derived indices: Fractional Anisotropy, Axial Diffusivity, Mean Diffusivity and Radial Diffusivity, as well as network connectivity measures (global/local efficiency and clustering coefficient) were compared between the groups. Subclinical psychopathology was assessed with the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) questionnaires and, in order to capture momentary subclinical expression of psychosis, the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) questionnaires. Within the PE-group, interactions between subclinical (momentary) symptoms and brain regions in the model of tensor-derived indices and network connectivity measures were investigated in a hypothesis-generating fashion. Whole brain analyses showed no group differences in tensor-derived indices and network connectivity measures. In the PE-group, a higher positive symptom distress score was associated with both higher local efficiency and clustering coefficient in the right middle temporal pole. The findings indicate absence of microstructural white matter differences between emerging adults with subclinical PE and controls. In the PE-group, attenuated symptoms were positively associated with network efficiency/cohesion, which requires replication and may indicate network alterations in emerging mild psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn Michielse
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Iris Lange
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jindra Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Goossens
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Simone Verhagen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Wichers
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ritsaert Lieverse
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Koen Schruers
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology, Center for Experimental and Learning Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- King's Health Partners, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, England
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Machteld Marcelis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Nota MH, Vreeken D, Wiesmann M, Aarts EO, Hazebroek EJ, Kiliaan AJ. Obesity affects brain structure and function- rescue by bariatric surgery? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 108:646-657. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Miettunen J, Haapea M, Björnholm L, Huhtaniska S, Juola T, Kinnunen L, Lehtiniemi H, Lieslehto J, Rautio N, Nordström T. Psychiatric research in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 - a systematic review. Int J Circumpolar Health 2019; 78:1571382. [PMID: 30744507 PMCID: PMC6374936 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2019.1571382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 is a large population-based birth cohort, which aims to promote health and wellbeing of the population. In this paper, we systematically review the psychiatric research performed in the cohort until today, i.e. at the age of 32 years of the cohort (2018). We conducted a systematic literature search using the databases of PubMed and Scopus and complemented it with a manual search. We found a total of 94 articles, which were classified as examining ADHD, emotional and behavioural problems, psychosis risk or other studies relating to psychiatric subjects. The articles are mainly based on two large comprehensive follow-up studies of the cohort and several substudies. The studies have often used also nationwide register data. The studies have found several early predictors for the aforementioned psychiatric outcomes, such as problems at pregnancy and birth, family factors in childhood, physical inactivity and substance use in adolescence. There are also novel findings relating to brain imaging and cognition, for instance regarding familial risk of psychosis in relation to resting state functional MRI. The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 has been utilised frequently in psychiatric research and future data collections are likely to lead to new scientifically important findings. Abbreviations: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
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Affiliation(s)
- Jouko Miettunen
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,b Medical Research Center Oulu , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Marianne Haapea
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,b Medical Research Center Oulu , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,c Department of Psychiatry , Oulu University Hospital , Oulu , Finland
| | - Lassi Björnholm
- c Department of Psychiatry , Oulu University Hospital , Oulu , Finland.,d Department of Psychiatry , Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Sanna Huhtaniska
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Teija Juola
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Lotta Kinnunen
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,b Medical Research Center Oulu , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Heli Lehtiniemi
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,b Medical Research Center Oulu , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,e Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Faculty of Medicine , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Johannes Lieslehto
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,b Medical Research Center Oulu , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Nina Rautio
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,b Medical Research Center Oulu , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Tanja Nordström
- a Center for Life Course Health Research , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,b Medical Research Center Oulu , Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland.,e Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Faculty of Medicine , University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
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Spangaro M, Mazza E, Poletti S, Cavallaro R, Benedetti F. Obesity influences white matter integrity in schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 97:135-142. [PMID: 30025224 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter (WM) alterations have been consistently described in patients with schizophrenia and correlated with the severity of psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairment. Obesity has been reported in over 40% of patients with schizophrenia and has been associated with cognitive deficits, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic alterations, and overall mortality. Moreover, studies among healthy subjects and subjects at risk for psychosis reported an influence of Body Mass Index (BMI) on structural connectivity. We therefore hypothesized that obesity and overweight could further disrupt WM integrity of patients affected by schizophrenia. METHODS Eighty-eight schizophrenia patients were evaluated for BMI. We divided the sample in overweight/obese and normal weight groups. We then performed whole brain tract-based spatial statistics in the WM skeleton with threshold-free cluster enhancement of DTI measures of WM microstructure: axial (AD), radial (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD), and fractional anisotropy (FA). RESULTS A significant difference between the two groups was observed: normal weight patients showed higher AD and a higher FA trend compared to obese patients in several fibers' tracts including longitudinal fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, corona radiata, thalamic radiation, fronto-occipital fasciculus, cingulum and corpus callosum. CONCLUSIONS Elevated BMI might contribute to WM disruption of schizophrenia by hampering structural connectivity in critical cortico-limbic networks, known to play a crucial role in neurocognitive functioning, emotional processing and psychopathology whose dysfunction are prominent features of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Spangaro
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Mazza
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Poletti
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; C.E.R.M.A.C. (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Cavallaro
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Milan, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; C.E.R.M.A.C. (Centro di Eccellenza Risonanza Magnetica ad Alto Campo), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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10
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Boksa P, Joober R. Who should be "controls" in studies on the neurobiology of psychiatric disorders? J Psychiatry Neurosci 2018; 43. [PMID: 30125246 PMCID: PMC6158024 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.180128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Boksa
- From the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Dept. of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
| | - Ridha Joober
- From the Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Dept. of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada
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Pan S, Liu ZW, Shi S, Ma X, Song WQ, Guan GC, Zhang Y, Zhu SM, Liu FQ, Liu B, Tang ZG, Wang JK, Lv Y. Hamilton rating scale for depression-24 (HAM-D 24) as a novel predictor for diabetic microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Psychiatry Res 2017; 258:177-183. [PMID: 28774662 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The study was designed to investigate whether the hamilton rating scale for depression (24-items) (HAM-D24) can be used to predict the diabetic microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. 288 hospitalized patients with T2DM were enrolled. Their diabetic microvascular complications including diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot as well as demographic, clinical data, blood samples and echocardiography were documented. All the enrolled patients received HAM-D24 evaluation. The HAM-D24 score and incidence of depression in T2DM patients with each diabetic microvascular complication were significantly higher than those in T2DM patients without each diabetic microvascular complication. After the adjustment of use of insulin and hypoglycemic drug, duration of T2DM, mean platelet volume, creatinine, albumin, fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin type A1C, left ventricular ejection fraction, respectively, HAM-D24 score was still significantly associated with diabetic microvascular complications (OR = 1.188-1.281, all P < 0.001). The AUC of HAM-D24 score for the prediction of diabetic microvascular complication was 0.832 (0.761-0.902). 15 points of HAM-D24 score was considered as the optimal cutoff with the sensitivity of 0.778 and specificity of 0.785. In summary, HAM-D24 score may be used as a novel predictor of diabetic microvascular complications in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Pan
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Wei Liu
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Shi
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qian Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong-Chang Guan
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Ming Zhu
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Qiang Liu
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Guo Tang
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Kui Wang
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Lv
- First Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Minichino A, Ando' A, Francesconi M, Salatino A, Delle Chiaie R, Cadenhead K. Investigating the link between drug-naive first episode psychoses (FEPs), weight gain abnormalities and brain structural damages: Relevance and implications for therapy. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 77:9-22. [PMID: 28363765 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that obesity and overweight may be associated with severe brain structural abnormalities and poor cognitive and functional outcomes in the general population. Despite these observations and the high prevalence of weight gain abnormalities in patients with psychosis spectrum disorders (PSDs), no studies have investigated the impact that these metabolic disturbances may have on brain structures and development in the earliest stages of PSDs. In the present review we shed light on the association between weight gain and brain structural abnormalities that may affect the course of illness in drug-naïve FEPs. Given the lack of studies directly investigating this issue, we firstly identified and critically evaluated the literature assessing weight gain abnormalities and gray or white matter (GM, WM) volumes (either globally or in specific regions of interest) in otherwise healthy obese/overweight adolescents and young adults. We then compared the results of this systematic review with those of two recent meta-analysis investigating GM and WM abnormalities in drug-naïve FEPs. Weight gain in otherwise healthy subjects was consistently associated with frontal and temporal GM atrophy and with reduced integrity of WM in the corpus callosum. Of relevance, all these brain regions are affected in drug-naïve FEPs, and their integrity is associated with clinical, cognitive and functional outcomes. The underlying mechanisms that may explain the association between weight gain, adiposity, and brain damage in both healthy subjects and drug-naïve FEPs are widely discussed. On the basis of this knowledge, we tried: a) to deduce an integrative model for the development of obesity in psychosis spectrum disorders; b) to identify the key vulnerability factors underlying the association between weight gain and psychosis; c) to provide information on new potential targets of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedeo Minichino
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, United States.
| | - Agata Ando'
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Francesconi
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, United States
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