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Berukilukilu LT, Bakare AG, Iji PA, Zindove TJ. Nutritional status and growth performance of Fijian non-descript local chickens and their crosses with broilers under different production systems. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:199. [PMID: 38981927 PMCID: PMC11233377 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The study compared nutrient intake and growth performance of local chickens to that of local x broiler crossbreds under scavenging and indoor conventional systems. A total of 48 male and 48 female chickens for each of the two chicken types were allocated to four outdoor free-range pens. The chickens were allowed to scavenge whilst being supplemented with sorghum plus kitchen waste and broiler growers from week 5 to week 13 of age. The same design was repeated using the indoor conventional system. Local chickens and their crosses with broilers had higher growth rates under the scavenging system than the indoor production system (P < 0.05). Local chickens and their crosses with broilers had the same growth rates when fed the same diet (P > 0.05). Crop and gizzard contents from local chickens had the same crude protein as their crosses with broilers under both systems (P > 0.05). The crude protein values of crop and gizzard contents ranged from 25.4 to 30.4%. Crop and gizzard contents from scavenging chickens had energy content ranging from 16.2 to 17.1 MJ/Kg which was lower (P < 0.05) than that from chickens under the indoor conventional system (20.3 to 25.8 kJ/Kg). Iron content ranged from 655.7 to 1619.4 mg/Kg in scavenging chickens and 156.1 to 621.4 mg/Kg in enclosed chickens. Chickens of the same type had higher iron content in their crop and gizzard contents under the scavenging system than the conventional system (P < 0.05). Crossbreds between local chickens and broilers matches the scavenging abilities of the local chickens but have lower growth rates under the scavenging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo T Berukilukilu
- Department of Animal Science, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Fiji National University, Nasinu, Fiji
| | - Archibold G Bakare
- Department of Animal Science, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Fiji National University, Nasinu, Fiji
| | - Paul A Iji
- Department of Animal Science, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Fiji National University, Nasinu, Fiji
- School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Titus J Zindove
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Pulcini D, Mattioli S, Angelucci E, Chenggang W, Cartoni Mancinelli A, Napolitano R, Sirri F, Piscitelli R, Mugnai C, Castellini C. Shape and fractures of carina sterni in chicken genotypes with different egg deposition rates reared indoor or free-range. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22495. [PMID: 38110659 PMCID: PMC10728074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Commercial laying hens have high frequency of damage to the keel bone (KB), which causes negative effects on health and welfare. KB damage may consist in fractures (KBF) and deviations (KBD). The aim of the present study was to compare the KB shape, by means of Geometric Morphometric, and the occurrence of fractures in different chicken genotypes reared either free-range (FR) or in enriched cages. Moreover, the relationship between KB shape, genotype and rearing system was analysed. Sixty birds/genotype (2 Italian local breeds, Bionda Piemontese and Robusta Maculata, their crossbreeds with Sasso and Lohmann Brown) were used. All the hens fed the same commercial feed throughout the trial. Body weight, egg production, feed intake and mortality were recorded from 25 to 66 weeks of age. Ca intake (IN) and output (OUT) were estimated and Ca OUT/IN was calculated. FR affected the occurrence of KB deviations but not the shape, whereas the fractures were mainly affected by genotype. Local breeds had a lower prevalence of KBF with similar level of KBD but with different shapes. Crossbreeds seemed to be a suitable compromise between egg deposition rate and occurrence of KB damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domitilla Pulcini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Animal Production and Aquaculture, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06100, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Elisa Angelucci
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06100, Perugia, Italy
| | - Wei Chenggang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06100, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alice Cartoni Mancinelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06100, Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Napolitano
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Animal Production and Aquaculture, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Sirri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Raffaela Piscitelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Mugnai
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Turin, Italy
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06100, Perugia, Italy
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Dong H, Zhang J, Li Y, Ahmad HI, Li T, Liang Q, Li Y, Yang M, Han J. Liver Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Key Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism in Yili Geese. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3473. [PMID: 38003091 PMCID: PMC10668734 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Yili goose is the only indigenous goose breed that originates from Anser anser in China, known for its adaptability, strong flying ability, and tender meat with a low body lipid content. The liver plays a crucial role in lipid and glucose metabolism, including the intake, secretion, transportation, and storage of fatty acids (FAs). In this study, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology was performed to analyze the liver differentially expressed genes of Yili geese and their hybrid geese to investigate differences in liver lipid and glucose metabolism. A total of 452 differentially expressed genes (Q-value < 0.05) were identified. Notably, in KEGG enrichment analysis, four pathways (Q-value < 0.05) were enriched to be associated with lipid and glucose metabolism, including the metabolic pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and steroid biosynthesis. This study provides insights into potential candidate genes and metabolic pathways that affect the liver lipid metabolism of Yili goose. These findings provide a better understanding of animal liver lipid deposition and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajiao Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingying Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Tiantian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qianqian Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Min Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jilong Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832061, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.L.); (Q.L.); (Y.L.)
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