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Norovsambuu O, Tsend-Ayush A, Lkhagvasuren N, Jav S. Main characteristics of dermatoglypics associated with schizophrenia and its clinical subtypes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252831. [PMID: 34111156 PMCID: PMC8191880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatoglypic patterns are extensively investigated to apply in disease-related risk assessment due to an obvious association between morphological and genetic characteristics. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether the fingerprint and palmar patterns vary between case population with schizophrenia and general population. A cross sectional study was conducted in people diagnosed with schizophrenia (cases) and a control population between 2016 and 2019. In this study, 252 people were participated. Ink and paper method was used to evaluate the difference of fingerprints palm prints between patients with schizophrenia and participants in control group.93 participants were analyzed in schizophrenic group and 142 participants were investigated in the control group. The percentage of arches on the right ring finger was significantly different between the schizophrenic patient group and control group (p = 0.011). The whorl pattern type (U-W-U-W-W-W-W-U-W-U) was dominantly observed in both of the schizophrenic patient group and control group. A-B ridge count in schizophrenic patient group and control group produced a markedly significant difference (p<0.05). Interestingly, a strong significant difference was produced in comparing of A-B ridge count in catatonic schizophrenia group with residual schizophrenia group (p<0.005). In comparison, index of pattern intensity in control group was slightly higher than that in schizophrenic patient group. Taking together, these results showed that the dermatoglypic characteristics might be a valuable tool to describe the nature of schizophrenia and its clinical subtypes and further studies are needed in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarantuya Jav
- Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- * E-mail:
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Stephan-Otto C, Lombardini F, Núñez C, Senior C, Ochoa S, Usall J, Brébion G. Fluctuating asymmetry in patients with schizophrenia is related to hallucinations and thought disorganisation. Psychiatry Res 2020; 285:112816. [PMID: 32036154 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fluctuating asymmetry represents the degree to which the right and left side of the body are asymmetrical, and is a sign of developmental instability. Higher levels of fluctuating asymmetry have been observed in individuals within the schizophrenia spectrum. We aimed to explore the associations of fluctuating asymmetry with psychotic and affective symptoms in schizophrenia patients, as well as with propensity to these symptoms in non-clinical individuals. A measure of morphological fluctuating asymmetry was calculated for 39 patients with schizophrenia and 60 healthy individuals, and a range of clinical and subclinical psychiatric symptoms was assessed. Regression analyses of the fluctuating asymmetry measure were conducted within each group. In the patient cohort, fluctuating asymmetry was significantly associated with the hallucination and thought disorganisation scores. T-test comparisons revealed that the patients presenting either hallucinations or thought disorganisation were significantly more asymmetrical than were the healthy individuals, while the patients without these key symptoms were equivalent to the healthy individuals. A positive association with the anxiety score emerged in a subsample of 36 healthy participants who were rated on affective symptoms. These findings suggest that fluctuating asymmetry may be an indicator of clinical hallucinations and thought disorganisation rather than an indicator of schizophrenia disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stephan-Otto
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Christian Núñez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Carl Senior
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK; Research and Development Unit - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, c/ Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 - Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Ochoa
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Usall
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gildas Brébion
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
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Soler J, Ferentinos P, Prats C, Miret S, Giralt M, Peralta V, Fañanás L, Fatjó-Vilas M. Familial aggregation of schizotypy in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and its relation to clinical and neurodevelopmental characteristics. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 84:214-220. [PMID: 27764693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study explored schizotypy as a familial liability marker for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) by examining: 1) the aggregation of schizotypy in families with a SSD patient, 2) whether familial resemblance of schizotypy is associated with ridge dissociations (RD), another SSD liability marker, 3) whether schizotypy aggregation patterns influence patients' psychopathology. METHODS The sample comprised 30 SSD patients and 82 healthy first-degree relatives. Schizotypy was assessed using the Structured Interview for Schizotypy-Revised (SIS-R). Patients' psychopathology was evaluated using the Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History (CASH). RD were identified as anomalies of the dermal ridge junction. Familiality of SIS-R was investigated using a linear mixed model (LMM) and its strength was assessed using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Another LMM using the absolute differences in SIS-R scores between all possible pairs of relatives as the dependent variable was fitted to obtain an intra-family resemblance score, a family-specific indicator of resemblance of SIS-R scores within each family. RESULTS 1) Schizotypy was familial (ICC = 0.30); families with high resemblance displayed low schizotypy, whereas families with low resemblance included at least one healthy relative with high schizotypy (p < 0.001). 2) Relatives with RD had higher SIS-R scores (p = 0.018) and belonged to families with discordant schizotypy scores among members (p < 0.001). 3) Patients from high schizotypy families showed more severe disorganized symptoms at the psychotic episode (p = 0.035) and 1 year later (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Schizotypy is a marker of vulnerability for SSD that runs within a subgroup of families. The schizotypy familial aggregation pattern correlates with RD in relatives and with patients' psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Soler
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Ferentinos
- Athens University Medical School, 2nd Department of Psychiatry, Attikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - C Prats
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Miret
- Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Servei de Salut Mental, Psiquiatria i Addiccions, Hospital Universitari de Santa Maria, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica, Lleida, Spain
| | - M Giralt
- Àrea d'Adolescents, Complex Assistencial en Salut Mental, Benito Menni, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Peralta
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitária de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - L Fañanás
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Fatjó-Vilas
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Instituto De Salud Carlos III, Centro De Investigación Biomédica En Red De Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
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Hajnal A, Csábi G, Herold R, Jeges S, Halmai T, Trixler D, Simon M, Tóth ÁL, Tényi T. Minor physical anomalies are more common among the first-degree unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients - Results with the Méhes Scale. Psychiatry Res 2016; 237:224-8. [PMID: 26803362 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Minor physical anomalies are external markers of abnormal brain development,so the more common appearance of these signs among the relatives of schizophrenia patients can confirm minor physical anomalies as intermediate phenotypes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the rate and topological profile of minor physical anomalies in the first-degree unaffected relatives of patients with schizophrenia compared to matched normal control subjects. Using a list of 57 minor physical anomalies (the Méhes Scale), 20 relatives of patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia and as a comparison 20 matched normal control subjects were examined. Minor physical anomalies were more common in the head and mouth regions among the relatives of schizophrenia patients compared to normal controls. By the differentiation of minor malformations and phenogenetic variants, we have found that only phenogenetic variants were more common in the relatives of schizophrenia patients compared to the control group, however individual analyses showed, that one minor malformation (flat forehead) was more prevalent in the relative group. The results can promote the concept, that minor physical anomalies can be endophenotypic markers of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Hajnal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, Rét u.2.H, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Csábi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Róbert Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, Rét u.2.H, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sára Jeges
- Institute of Nursing and Patients Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Halmai
- Department of Clinical and Theoretical Mental Health, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Hungary
| | - Dániel Trixler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, Rét u.2.H, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Maria Simon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, Rét u.2.H, 7623 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Levente Tóth
- Institute of Physical Education and Sport Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tényi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Pécs, Faculty of Medicine, Rét u.2.H, 7623 Pécs, Hungary.
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Russak ODF, Ives L, Mittal VA, Dean DJ. Fluctuating dermatoglyphic asymmetries in youth at ultrahigh-risk for psychotic disorders. Schizophr Res 2016; 170:301-3. [PMID: 26723845 PMCID: PMC4740197 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fluctuating dermatoglyphic asymmetry represents one specific class of minor physical anomaly that has been proposed to reflect prenatal insult and vulnerability to psychosis. However, very little is known about fluctuating dermatoglyphic asymmetry in youth showing symptoms of ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis. Using high-resolution photographs of fingerprints and clinical interviews, the UHR group in this study showed greater fluctuating dermatoglyphic asymmetry compared to controls; however, this was not further linked to symptomatology. The results of this study provide an important perspective on potential biomarkers and support neurodevelopmental conceptions of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Diane Fern Russak
- University of California Los Angeles, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lindsay Ives
- University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Derek J Dean
- University of Colorado Boulder, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boulder, CO, United States; University of Colorado Boulder, Center for Neuroscience, Boulder, CO, United States.
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Debnath M, Venkatasubramanian G, Berk M. Fetal programming of schizophrenia: select mechanisms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 49:90-104. [PMID: 25496904 PMCID: PMC7112550 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that schizophrenia is associated with adverse intrauterine experiences. An adverse or suboptimal fetal environment can cause irreversible changes in brain that can subsequently exert long-lasting effects through resetting a diverse array of biological systems including endocrine, immune and nervous. It is evident from animal and imaging studies that subtle variations in the intrauterine environment can cause recognizable differences in brain structure and cognitive functions in the offspring. A wide variety of environmental factors may play a role in precipitating the emergent developmental dysregulation and the consequent evolution of psychiatric traits in early adulthood by inducing inflammatory, oxidative and nitrosative stress (IO&NS) pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and epigenetic dysregulation. However, the precise mechanisms behind such relationships and the specificity of the risk factors for schizophrenia remain exploratory. Considering the paucity of knowledge on fetal programming of schizophrenia, it is timely to consolidate the recent advances in the field and put forward an integrated overview of the mechanisms associated with fetal origin of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monojit Debnath
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India.
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre and Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, and Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Tikka SK, Nizamie SH, Goyal N, Pradhan N, Tikka DL, Katshu MZUH. Evaluation of spontaneous dense array gamma oscillatory activity and minor physical anomalies as a composite neurodevelopmental endophenotype in schizophrenia. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 40:43-51. [PMID: 25450528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Minor physical anomalies (MPAs) and gamma oscillatory activity have been proposed as associated endophenotypes in schizophrenia. Combining these endophenotypes to create a composite endophenotype may help identify those at risk for schizophrenia better. The present study aims to investigate MPAs and gamma oscillatory activity in schizophrenia patients, their unaffected first degree relatives and healthy controls and appreciate whether they can be used together as a composite endophenotype. METHODS This was a cross sectional family study conducted at a tertiary care mental health setup. Ninety participants including schizophrenia patients, their first degree relatives and controls (thirty each) were assessed for MPAs on the Extended Waldrop Scale. All participants underwent an awake, resting 192-channel EEG recording. Spectral power and coherence in 30-100Hz gamma bands were estimated using Welch's averaged periodogram method. One-way ANOVA, chi square test were used for comparing socio-demographic-clinical variables. MANOVA supplemented by one-way ANOVAs (post hoc Tukey HSD) were done for comparison of spectral measures. Pearson's correlation, step-by-step linear discriminant functional and intra-familial correlation analysis were subsequently performed. RESULTS An endophenotype pattern of finding was found for MPAs in the craniofacial region, the total number of MPAs, spectral power in right temporal region on all bands and in the right parietal region in 50-70Hz and 70-100Hz gamma bands. The three groups were most accurately classified when MPA total score, right temporal 30-50Hz gamma power and right occipital 'intra hemispheric' 50-70Hz gamma coherence were considered together than when considered independently. Significant intra familial correlation was seen for MPA total score and right temporal gamma 30-50Hz power. CONCLUSION Composite evaluation of two developmentally linked markers i.e. MPAs and gamma spectral measures may prove useful in categorizing schizophrenia and identifying at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Krishna Tikka
- KS Mani Center for Cognitive Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834006, India.
| | - S Haque Nizamie
- KS Mani Center for Cognitive Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834006, India
| | - Nishant Goyal
- KS Mani Center for Cognitive Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834006, India
| | - N Pradhan
- Department of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560029, India
| | - Deyashini Lahiri Tikka
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834006, India
| | - Mohammad Zia Ul Haq Katshu
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2TU, United Kingdom
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Golembo-Smith S, Walder DJ, Daly MP, Mittal VA, Kline E, Reeves G, Schiffman J. The presentation of dermatoglyphic abnormalities in schizophrenia: a meta-analytic review. Schizophr Res 2012; 142:1-11. [PMID: 23116885 PMCID: PMC3502669 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Within a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, prenatal developmental deviations are implicated as early signs of increased risk for future illness. External markers of central nervous system maldevelopment may provide information regarding the nature and timing of prenatal disruptions among individuals with schizophrenia. One such marker is dermatoglyphic abnormalities (DAs) or unusual epidermal ridge patterns. Studies targeting DAs as a potential sign of early developmental disruption have yielded mixed results with regard to the strength of the association between DAs and schizophrenia. The current study aimed to resolve these inconsistencies by conducting a meta-analysis examining the six most commonly cited dermatoglyphic features among individuals with diagnoses of schizophrenia. Twenty-two studies published between 1968 and 2012 were included. Results indicated significant but small effects for total finger ridge count and total A-B ridge count, with lower counts among individuals with schizophrenia relative to controls. Other DAs examined in the current meta-analysis did not yield significant effects. Total finger ridge count and total A-B ridge count appear to yield the most reliable dermatoglyphic differences between individuals with and without schizophrenia.
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