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Xu J, Shen L, Fei H, Zhou W, Wan F, Nan W. Effect of excessive internet gaming on inhibitory control based on resting EEG and ERP. iScience 2024; 27:110399. [PMID: 39081290 PMCID: PMC11284701 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous research indicates that individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) show impaired inhibitory control and abnormal EEG/ERP patterns. However, it is unclear how those individuals with excessive Internet game use (EUG) but without addiction differ. This study examined inhibitory control, resting EEG, and ERP in EUG gamers compared to non-gamers. Fifteen participants in each group underwent 4-min eyes-closed EEG recordings and a color-word Stroop task. Results showed no significant differences in reaction time, accuracy, or P3 amplitude between EUG gamers and non-gamers. However, EUG gamers exhibited shortened P3 latency, which may suggest enhanced inhibitory control. Additionally, EUG gamers showed reduced theta and alpha band power during the resting state compared to non-gamers. These findings suggest that excessive gaming without addiction may enhance inhibitory control and influence brain activity differently from IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Xu
- School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Huajia Fei
- School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wenya Nan
- School of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Coughler C, Bardell T, Schouten MA, Smith K, Archibald LMD. Comparing Spoken Versus iPad-Administered Versions of a Narrative Retell Assessment Tool in a Practice-Based Research Partnership. Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch 2024; 55:976-984. [PMID: 38394247 DOI: 10.1044/2024_lshss-23-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In the current age of greater digital delivery of services, it is important to examine the validity and differences between spoken and digital delivery of materials. The current study is a practice-based research partnership between school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and researchers, evaluating presentation effects and validity of a narrative retell assessment tool created by SLPs. METHOD Fifty-one children across kindergarten, Grade 1, and Grade 2 completed the narrative retell task, retelling One Frog Too Many and Frog Goes to Dinner in three in-person story presentation conditions administered 1 week apart: spoken, iPad with audio-recorded natural rate of speech, and iPad with slow rate of speech. This was followed by 10 comprehension questions related to story events. Children also completed the Story Retelling subtests from the Test of Integrated Language and Literacy Skills (TILLS). RESULTS Children recalled significantly fewer events in the spoken condition compared to audio-recorded iPad conditions. No significant effect of speaking rate was found. Presentation condition and rate did not affect performance on comprehension questions. Correlations among retell measures and corresponding subtests on a standardized language test ranged from weak to strong, providing some evidence of concurrent validity. CONCLUSIONS This practice-based research partnership provided valuable insight into differences in delivery modality as well as the validity of a school-based SLP created narrative retell assessment tool. This study found that rate did not impact recall of events or performance on comprehension questions. Additionally, children performed better on narrative retell measures when stories were told using an iPad. This highlights the potential for iPad delivery as an option in narrative retell tasks. Finally, this study provided an initial examination of the Narrative Evaluation Tool's validity, finding the tool captures ability to recall narrative events; however, future studies are needed to examine the tool's validity as a measure of narrative comprehension. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25260910.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Coughler
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Taylor Bardell
- Graduate Program in Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | | | - Kristen Smith
- Upper Grand District School Board, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa M D Archibald
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Dionisie V, Puiu MG, Manea M, Pacearcă IA. Predictors of Changes in Quality of Life of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder-A Prospective Naturalistic 3-Month Follow-Up Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4628. [PMID: 37510745 PMCID: PMC10380991 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of disease burden worldwide and affected patients frequently report impairments in quality of life (QoL). Therefore, the present research aimed to identify predictors of domain-specific QoL changes in MDD patients following the acute phase of pharmacological treatment (3-month). This study is a prospective, naturalistic, and observational analysis on 150 patients. Depressive symptoms, QoL, overall pain intensity, and functionality were assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, World Health Organization Quality of Life scale-abbreviated version, Visual Analog Scale, and Sheehan Disability Scale, respectively. Reductions in symptom severity and disability were predictors of improvement across all domains of QoL. Pain intensity reduction was a predictor of increases in the physical aspect of QoL. A reduced number of psychiatric hospitalizations and being in a relationship predicted an improvement of QoL in the psychological domain whereas a positive history of suicidal attempts was associated with better social relationships QoL. The predictive models explained 41.2% and 54.7% of the variance in psychological and physical health domains of QoL, respectively. Awareness of sociodemographic and changes in clinical factors that impact the change in domain-specific QoL might help in shaping personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Dionisie
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Gabriela Puiu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mirela Manea
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Pacearcă
- Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Sfântul Spiridon Vechi" Foundation, 040012 Bucharest, Romania
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The association between visual trajectories and cognitive impairment: insights from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:2129-2137. [PMID: 35486315 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual impairment (VI) was associated with cognitive impairment. However, different visual trajectories might contribute to different risks of cognitive decline in the elderly. AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the association between visual trajectories and cognitive impairment. METHODS Four thousand two hundred eight community-dwelling elder adults were identified from Waves IV-VII (1999-2011) survey of the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA). Cognitive function was determined using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) scores. Visual impairment was self-reported and visual trajectories were assessed in at least two waves of the survey. Ordinal logistic regression was performed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (adjORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Participants with visual trajectory from no VI to VI had significantly higher risk of cognitive impairment with an adjOR of 1.69 (95% CI 1.12-2.57) than participants without VI. Compared to participants without VI, participants with persistent VI (adjOR 1.32; 95% CI 0.89-1.96) and with visual trajectory from VI to no VI (adjOR 1.25; 95% CI 0.83-1.88) were not associated with cognitive impairment. A protective association between eyeglasses use and cognitive impairment (adjOR 0.69; 95% CI 0.55-0.87) was found in this study. Importantly, cataract was associated with higher risk of cognitive impairment (adjOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.10-1.62). However, nonsurgical cataract treatment did not show protective effect on cognitive impairment in patients with cataract. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION Visual trajectory from no VI to VI is a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment that physicians should pay special attention during community screening.
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Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life-A Systematic Review of Evidence from Longitudinal Observational Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212022. [PMID: 34831779 PMCID: PMC8621394 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This review aimed to systematically review observational studies investigating the longitudinal association between anxiety, depression and quality of life (QoL). A systematic search of five electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, NHS EED and EconLit) as well as forward/backward reference searches were conducted to identify observational studies on the longitudinal association between anxiety, depression and QoL. Studies were synthesized narratively. Additionally, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed using studies applying the mental and physical summary scores (MCS, PCS) of the Short Form Health Survey. The review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO and a study protocol was published. n = 47 studies on heterogeneous research questions were included, with sample sizes ranging from n = 28 to 43,093. Narrative synthesis indicated that QoL was reduced before disorder onset, dropped further during the disorder and improved with remission. Before onset and after remission, QoL was lower in comparison to healthy comparisons. n = 8 studies were included in random-effects meta-analyses. The pooled estimates of QoL at follow-up (FU) were of small to large effect sizes and showed that QoL at FU differed by disorder status at baseline as well as by disorder course over time. Disorder course groups differed in their MCS scores at baseline. Effect sizes were generally larger for MCS relative to PCS. The results highlight the relevance of preventive measures and treatment. Future research should consider individual QoL domains, individual anxiety/depressive disorders as well as the course of both over time to allow more differentiated statements in a meta-analysis.
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Predictors of Quality of Life Improvement with Escitalopram and Adjunctive Aripiprazole in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A CAN-BIND Study Report. CNS Drugs 2021; 35:439-450. [PMID: 33860922 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-021-00803-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-response to first-line treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) is common; for such individuals, quality of life (QoL) impairments can be severe. Identifying predictors of QoL changes may support the management of cases with persistent depressive symptoms despite adequate initial pharmacological/psychological treatment. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to explore predictors of domain-specific QoL improvement following adjunctive aripiprazole treatment for inadequate response to initial antidepressant therapy. METHODS We evaluated secondary QoL outcomes from a CAN-BIND (Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression) study in patients with MDD who did not respond to an initial 8 weeks of escitalopram and received a further 8 weeks of adjunctive aripiprazole (n = 96). Physical, psychological, social, and environmental QoL domains were assessed using the World Health Organization QoL Scale Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF). Clinician-rated depressive symptoms were assessed using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Functioning was measured with the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Satisfaction with medication was assessed with a single item from the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF). Exploratory t-tests were used to describe domain score changes. A hierarchical linear regression was used to explore demographic, clinical, and treatment-related predictors of improvement. RESULTS Across domains, QoL improved with adjunctive aripiprazole treatment. Satisfaction with medication and MADRS and SDS scores similarly improved. Symptom reduction was a predictor for positive change to physical and psychological QoL; functioning improvements were predictive of increases to all QoL domains. Satisfaction with medication predicted improvements to physical and psychological domains, whereas number of medication trials was a predictor of worsening QoL in the physical domain. CONCLUSION The final model explained the most variance in psychological (68%) and physical (67%) QoL. Less variance was explained for environmental (43%) and social QoL (33%), highlighting a need for further exploration of predictors in these domains. Strategies such as functional remediation may have potential to support QoL for individuals with persistent depressive symptoms. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT016557.
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Muller AE. A Systematic Review of Quality of Life Assessments of Offenders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2020; 64:1364-1397. [PMID: 31989846 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x19881929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Strength-based theories of rehabilitation emphasize the importance of opportunities for offenders to achieve "good lives" to not re-offend. The extent to which these groups feel enabled to achieve a good life may be measured through subjective, overall quality of life (QoL). The aim is to systematically review the QoL instruments used among detained offenders and synthesize the factors related to their QoL. A systematic literature review was conducted to retrieve articles that assessed the overall QoL of a sample of detained offenders using a validated instrument. The instruments' specificity, dimensionality, and respondent and administrator burden were assessed, and factors reported as significantly related to QoL were summarized. In total, 41 articles were included in the review: 20 reported on forensic samples and 20 on prisoners, with one study randomly assigning offenders to either forensic treatment or prison. Among the included articles, 12 validated instruments were utilized. Only one instrument, the Forensic Inpatient Quality of Life Questionnaire, was specifically developed for and validated in forensic patients. Detained offending populations reported lower QoL than the general population, and those with untreated mental illness reported the lowest. The most consistent predictors of QoL longitudinally were social factors, while substance use and detention-specific variables were not consistently related. In general, the relationships between poor mental health, loneliness, and poor QoL seen in offenders are also seen among other marginalized populations. To improve the evidence base for QoL assessment in this vulnerable group, current gold standard QoL instruments should be validated in detained populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Elizabeth Muller
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Oslo, Norway
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Relationships Between Depressive Symptoms, Other Psychological Symptoms, and Quality of Life. Psychiatry Res 2020; 289:113049. [PMID: 32413710 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Depressive disorders are common, heterogeneous conditions involving physical and psychological symptoms, and substantial impairment in quality of life (QoL). However, relationships between depressive symptoms and QoL are poorly understood, and little research has directly compared relationships between subtypes of depressive symptoms, other psychological symptoms and QoL. This research aimed to examine how symptoms of depression and other mental health conditions are related to QoL. Participants (N=559) completed the World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF questionnaire, demographic information, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory II, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales. Relationships between psychological symptoms and QoL were assessed using correlations and linear multiple regressions. QoL was inversely related to all types of psychopathology. Depressive symptoms were the strongest predictors of lower overall QoL. Both somatic and psychological depressive symptoms negatively predicted QoL, with somatic symptoms being stronger predictors. Conclusions: While many types of psychological symptoms were negatively correlated with QoL, depressive symptoms, particularly somatic symptoms, were the strongest predictors of impaired QoL. These findings provide new information about specific relationships between symptom profiles and QoL which may lead to greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms and to improved interventions.
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van Der Ster BJP, Sperna Weiland NH, Westerhof BE, Stok WJ, van Lieshout JJ. Modeling Arterial Pulse Pressure From Heart Rate During Sympathetic Activation by Progressive Central Hypovolemia. Front Physiol 2018; 9:353. [PMID: 29686625 PMCID: PMC5900383 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart rate (HR) has an impact on the central blood pressure (BP) wave shape and is related to pulse wave velocity and therefore to timing and duration of systole and diastole. This study tested the hypothesis that in healthy subjects both in rest and during sympathetic stimulation the relation between HR and pulse pressure (PP) is described by a linear effect model. Forty-four healthy volunteers were subjected to sympathetic stimulation by continuous lower body negative pressure (LBNP) until the onset of pre-syncopal symptoms. Changes in PP and HR were tracked non-invasively and modeled by linear mixed effect (LME) models. The dataset was split into two groups: the first was used for creating a model and the second for its evaluation. Models were created on the data obtained during LBNP. Model performance was expressed as absolute median error (1st; 3rd quantiles) and bias with limits of agreement (LOA) between modeled and measured PP. From rest to sympathetic stimulation, mean BP was maintained while HR increased (~30%) and PP decreased gradually (~20%). During baseline, PP could be modeled with an absolute error of 6 (4; 10) mm Hg and geometric mean ratio of the bias was 0.97 (LOA: 0.8–1.1). During LBNP, absolute median model error was 5 (4; 8) mmHg with geometric mean ratio 1.02 (LOA: 0.8–1.3). In conclusion, both during rest and during sustained sympathetic outflow induced by progressive central hypovolemia, a LME model of HR provides for an estimate of PP in healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn J P van Der Ster
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Laboratory for Clinical Cardiovascular Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas H Sperna Weiland
- Laboratory for Clinical Cardiovascular Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Berend E Westerhof
- Laboratory for Clinical Cardiovascular Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Medical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wim J Stok
- Department of Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Laboratory for Clinical Cardiovascular Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johannes J van Lieshout
- Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Laboratory for Clinical Cardiovascular Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,School of Life Sciences, The Medical School, MRC/Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Chen YL, Pan AW, Hsiung PC, Chung L. Quality of Life Enhancement Programme for Individuals with Mood Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Hong Kong J Occup Ther 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective/Background To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of the Quality of Life Enhancement Programme (QOLEP) for individuals with mood disorder. Methods Twenty-one individuals with mood disorder were recruited from psychiatric rehabilitation centres in Taipei City and were randomly assigned to either the treatment group (N = 11) or the control group (N = 10). The treatment group received an 8-week QOLEP. The control group received only “phone contact”, which included support for everyday situations pertaining to daily life and emotions. The primary outcome measure was evaluating improvements in quality of life using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF-Taiwan version questionnaire. The feasibility of the intervention was assessed by the recruitment rate, dropout rate of the participants, and by its content and delivery. The content and delivery were assessed by the group satisfaction questionnaire. The mixed-effects linear model was applied to analyze the efficacy of QOLEP. Results The individuals who participated in the eight-session QOLEP showed significant improvement in their level of depression compared with the control group [pre vs. post, treatment group: 25.8 (19.2) vs. 17.8 (13.1); control group: 13.3 (17.3) vs. 13.3 (14.4)]. The criteria of feasibility were met in this study. Most of the participants were satisfied with engaging in the QOLEP activities within a supportive environment. Conclusion The participants who received the 8-week QOLEP demonstrated significant improvement in the level of depression. Studies with a sample size of at least 104 participants are recommended in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ling Chen
- School of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ay-Woan Pan
- School of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chuan Hsiung
- Department of Social Work, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lyinn Chung
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Chen YL, Pan AW, Hsiung PC, Chung L, Lai JS, Shur-Fen Gau S, Chen TJ. Life Adaptation Skills Training (LAST) for persons with depression: A randomized controlled study. J Affect Disord 2015; 185:108-14. [PMID: 26162281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BAKGROUND To investigate the efficacy of the "Life Adaptation Skills Training (LAST)" program for persons with depression. METHODS Sixty-eight subjects with depressive disorder were recruited from psychiatric outpatient clinics in Taipei city and were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (N=33), or a control group (N=35). The intervention group received 24-sessions of the LAST program, as well as phone contact mainly related to support for a total of 24 times. The control group only received phone contact 24 times. The primary outcome measure utilized was the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF-Taiwan version. Secondary outcome measures included the Occupational self-assessment, the Mastery scale, the Social support questionnaire, the Beck anxiety inventory, the Beck depression inventory-II, and the Beck scale for suicide ideation. The mixed-effects linear model was applied to analyze the incremental efficacy of the LAST program, and the partial eta squared (ηp(2)) was used to examine the within- and between- group effect size. RESULTS The subjects who participated in the LAST program showed significant incremental improvements with moderate to large between-group effect sizes on their level of anxiety (-5.45±2.34, p<0.05; ηp(2)=0.083) and level of suicidal ideation (-3.09±1.11, p<0.01; ηp(2)=0.157) when compared to the control group. The reduction of suicidal ideations had a maintenance effect for three months after the end of intervention (-3.44±1.09, p<0.01), with moderate between-group effect sizes (ηp(2)=0.101). Both groups showed significant improvement on overall QOL, overall health, physical QOL, psychological QOL, level of anxiety, and level of depression. The within-group effect sizes achieved large effects in the intervention group (ηp(2)=0.328-0.544), and were larger than that of the control group. LIMITATIONS A small sample size in the study, a high dropout rate, lower compliance rates for the intervention group, and lacking of true control group. CONCLUSIONS The occupation-based LAST program, which focuses on lifestyle rearrangement and coping skills enhancement, could significantly improve the level of anxiety and suicidal ideations for persons with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ling Chen
- School of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ay-Woan Pan
- School of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan Uniersity Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Chuan Hsiung
- Department of Social Worker, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lyinn Chung
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shei Lai
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan Uniersity Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsyr-Jang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lung-Hwa University of Science and Technology, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Jacob SA, Ab Rahman AF, Hassali MAA. Attitudes and beliefs of patients with chronic depression toward antidepressants and depression. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2015; 11:1339-47. [PMID: 26064052 PMCID: PMC4455848 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s82563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients have erroneous views with regard to depression and its management, and it was noted that these attitudes and beliefs significantly affected their adherence rates. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study was to determine the attitudes and beliefs of patients with depression toward depression and antidepressants. A secondary aim was to assess the influence of ethnicity on patients' attitudes and beliefs. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study involved patients with chronic depression being followed up at an outpatient clinic at a government-run hospital in Malaysia. Patients' attitudes and beliefs were assessed using the Antidepressant Compliance Questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 104 patients of Malay, Chinese, and Indian ethnic groups met the selection criteria. Chinese patients had significantly negative attitudes and beliefs toward depression and antidepressants compared to Malays and Indians (b=-8.96, t 103=-3.22; P<0.05). Component analysis revealed that 59% of patients believed that antidepressants can cause a person to have less control over their thoughts and feelings, while 67% believed that antidepressants could alter one's personality; 60% believed it was okay to take fewer tablets on days when they felt better, while 66% believed that antidepressants helped solve their emotional problems and helped them worry less. CONCLUSION Patients had an overall positive view as to the benefits of antidepressants, but the majority had incorrect views as to the acceptable dosing of antidepressants and had concerns about the safety of the medication. Assessing patients' attitudes and beliefs, as well as the impact of their respective cultures, can be used in tailoring psychoeducation sessions accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ab Fatah Ab Rahman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
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Time to health-related quality of life score deterioration as a modality of longitudinal analysis for health-related quality of life studies in oncology: do we need RECIST for quality of life to achieve standardization? Qual Life Res 2013; 24:5-18. [PMID: 24277234 PMCID: PMC4282717 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-013-0583-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Longitudinal analysis of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) remains unstandardized and compromises comparison of results between trials.
In oncology, despite available statistical approaches, results are poorly used to change standards of care, mainly due to lack of standardization and the ability to propose clinical meaningful results. In this context, the time to deterioration (TTD) has been proposed as a modality of longitudinal HRQoL analysis for cancer patients. As for tumor response and progression, we propose to develop RECIST criteria for HRQoL. Methods Several definitions of TTD are investigated in this paper. We applied this approach in early breast cancer and metastatic pancreatic cancer with a 5-point minimal clinically important difference. In breast cancer, TTD was defined as compared to the baseline score or to the best previous score. In pancreatic cancer (arm 1: gemcitabine with FOLFIRI.3, arm 2: gemcitabine alone), the time until definitive deterioration (TUDD) was investigated with or without death as event. Results In the breast cancer study, 381 women were included. The median TTD was influenced by the choice of the reference score. In pancreatic cancer study, 98 patients were enrolled. Patients in Arm 1 presented longer TUDD than those in Arm 2 for most of HRQoL scores. Results of TUDD were slightly different according to the definition of deterioration applied.
Conclusion Currently, the international ARCAD group supports the idea of developing RECIST for HRQoL in pancreatic and colorectal cancer with liver metastasis, with a view to using HRQoL as a co-primary endpoint along with a tumor parameter.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11136-013-0583-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Chen YL, Hsiung PC, Chung L, Chen SC, Pan AW. Psychometric properties of the Mastery Scale-Chinese version: Applying classical test theory and Rasch analysis. Scand J Occup Ther 2013; 20:404-11. [DOI: 10.3109/11038128.2013.838999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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