1
|
Chenneville T, Gabbidon K, Zharima C, Hornschuh S, Dietrich JJ. Factors affecting COVID-19's mental health impact on college students in the southeastern United States. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1225686. [PMID: 38045982 PMCID: PMC10690604 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1225686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence confirms COVID-19's negative impact on college students' mental health; however, more research is needed to identify factors that promoted or hindered college students' mental health early in the pandemic. This exploratory study addressed this need. Participants were 697 students attending a large, state, urban university in the southeastern United States. Using a cross-sectional survey design, participants completed an anonymous, online survey assessing socio-demographic variables, mental health issues, and activities during the lockdown period in 2020. Findings suggest college students in the southeastern US who were women or transgender men and had pre-existing mental health conditions, fewer routine activities, and high exposure to COVID-19 news reported more mental health problems early in the pandemic. Students who exercised daily had fewer symptoms of anxiety and post-traumatic stress than students who exercised monthly, but there were no differences in emotional responses to COVID-19 based on exercise frequency. Tailored strategies to address college students' needs in response to the current or future pandemics are needed and should take into consideration factors that promote or hinder mental health. Patient or Public Contribution: College students were participants in this study. College students who were not participants in this study assisted with the implementation of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Chenneville
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kemesha Gabbidon
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Campion Zharima
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Stefanie Hornschuh
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Janan Janine Dietrich
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Belville, South Africa
- African Social Sciences Unit of Research and Evaluation (ASSURE), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jian X, Wijaya TT, Yu Q. Key Factors Affecting Mathematics Teachers' Well-Being and Stress Levels: An Extended Engagement Theory. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:548. [PMID: 36612870 PMCID: PMC9819505 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The mathematics teachers' profession often has many challenges. It also occupies important positions at the K-12 education level, in which mathematics knowledge is the basis of all scientific fields. This tends to cause high-stress levels and a negative effect on well-being. Mathematics teachers' well-being has been less examined, and therefore this study aims to determine the factors affecting mathematics teachers' well-being and stress levels. The 210 data points collected from Chinese mathematics teachers using a web-based questionnaire were analyzed for reliability and validity, then model fit and SEM were applied for model validation after removing 3 invalid data points and incomplete responses. The results showed that behavioral and cognitive engagements significantly affect teachers' well-being, while the affective engagement was insignificant. The TPMK was the strongest significant predictor that had a positive impact on improving well-being and reducing stress levels. In addition, the stress level of mathematics teachers was influenced by gender and age. Finally, it was proven that teachers' well-being significantly reduced stress levels. This study's implication was to provide information on how to reduce stress levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jian
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Tommy Tanu Wijaya
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qingchun Yu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu C, Wang Q. The Relationships of Creative Coping and College Students' Achievement Emotions and Academic Stress: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital. J Intell 2022; 10:jintelligence10040126. [PMID: 36547513 PMCID: PMC9781299 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence10040126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Creative coping is the use of creativity as a positive strategy when facing stress. The existing empirical investigation of creative coping is scarce, particularly in the field of educational psychology. The present study aims to explore the relationships of college students' creative coping and their achievement emotions and academic stress as well as the underlying mechanism. The sample included 780 Chinese college students. The Creative Coping Scale, Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Learning Stress Inventory for College Students, and the short version of the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire were used. Statistical results showed that creative coping was positively related with students' positive achievement emotions and negatively related with negative achievement emotions, but insignificantly with academic stress. Moreover, psychological capital played a mediating role in the relationship between creative coping and achievement emotions and in the relationship between creative coping and academic stress with a suppression effect.
Collapse
|
4
|
Fitzgibbon K, Murphy KD. Coping strategies of healthcare professional students for stress incurred during their studies: a literature review. J Ment Health 2022; 32:492-503. [PMID: 35020566 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2021.2022616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress in healthcare professional students is well-documented, however coping strategies and their relationship with stress has not been comprehensively reviewed. It is necessary for students to use positive coping strategies to effectively reduce stress levels. AIMS The aim of this review is to identify coping strategies of healthcare professional students and their consequences. METHODS Studies conducted from 2010 to 2020 on coping strategies utilised by healthcare students were reviewed. An electronic database search was performed in January 2020 of three databases CINAHL, SCOPUS and PubMed. RESULTS Twenty-two studies were included in this review, using a wide range of survey instruments including the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief COPE) Inventory and the Coping Behaviour Inventory Common coping strategies utilised by healthcare students include problem-focused strategies such as planning, problem-solving and active coping. Coping strategies tended to vary depending on student's location, year of their course, gender and age. Positive coping strategies, such as problem-focused strategies, were associated with reduced stress levels and improved psychological health. Other emotion-focused coping strategies identified included acceptance, self-distraction, and optimism. CONCLUSIONS Findings may provide direction for third-level institutions in designing interventions (such as encouraging exercise) promoting the use of positive coping strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Fitzgibbon
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kevin Daniel Murphy
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang T, Lam RW, Huang J, Su Y, Liu J, Yang X, Yang L, Zhu N, Zhao G, Mao R, Zhou R, Xia W, Liu H, Wang Z, Chen J, Fang Y. Exploring the Effects of Temperament on Gray Matter Volume of Frontal Cortex in Patients with Mood Disorders. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:183-193. [PMID: 33519204 PMCID: PMC7837575 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s287351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have relatively specific temperament and structural abnormalities of brain regions related to emotion and cognition. However, the effects of temperament factors on the structure of frontal and temporal cortex is still unclear. The aims of this study were to explore the differences and relationships between temperament characteristics and the gray matter volume of frontal and temporal cortex in patients with BD or MDD. METHODS T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, demographic and clinical information were obtained from 279 depressed patients (90 patients with BD, 189 patients with MDD) and 162 healthy controls (HC). Temperament was assessed with the Chinese short version of Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego - Auto questionnaire (TEMPS-A). The Desikan-Killiany atlas was used for yielding gray matter volume by FreeSurfer 6.0 software suite. A total of 22 frontal and temporal regions were chosen as regions of interest (ROIs). RESULTS Compared with patients with MDD, patients with BD had higher TEMPS-A total scores and scores on cyclothymic, irritable and hyperthymic subscales. The gray matter volume in bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus (RMFG), left temporal pole and right superior frontal gyrus were reduced in patients with BD. Patients with MDD only had lower gray matter volume in bilateral temporal pole. In the pooled patients, there were negative associations between hyperthymia and gray matter volume in right RMFG. CONCLUSION Patients with BD and MDD had different temperament characteristics. The prominent temperament subscales in patients with BD were cyclothymia, irritable and hyperthymia. Patients with greater hyperthymia had lower gray matter volume in right frontal gyrus. Temperament may reflect an endophenotype in patients with mood disorders, especially in BD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jia Huang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yousong Su
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xiaorui Yang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Yang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhu
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruizhi Mao
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rubai Zhou
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Xia
- Department of Medical Psychology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuowei Wang
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Hongkou District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiru Fang
- Clinical Research Center & Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bert F, Ferrara M, Boietti E, Langiano E, Savatteri A, Scattaglia M, Lo Moro G, Leombruni P, De Vito E, Siliquini R. Depression, Suicidal Ideation and Perceived Stress in Italian Humanities Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Psychol Rep 2020; 125:256-279. [PMID: 33375898 DOI: 10.1177/0033294120984441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mental health issues are common among university students. Nevertheless, few studies focused on Italian students. This study aimed to assess prevalence and associated factors of perceived stress (PS), depressive symptoms (DS) and suicidal ideation (SI) in an Italian sample. A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst a convenience sample of students in humanities field (2018). Questionnaires were self-administered. Outcomes were assessed through Beck Depression Inventory-II (DS, SI) and Perceived Stress Scale (PS). Multivariable regressions were performed (p-value < 0.05 significant; sample size = 203). DS and SI prevalence was 30.6% and 8.8%. PS median score was 20 (IQR = 11), 87.7% reported moderate/severe PS. DS likelihood was increased by psychiatric disorders family history and not attending first year of course and decreased by not thinking that university hinders personal activities. Chronic disease and higher stress score increased SI probability; good/excellent family cohesion reduced it. Being female, thinking that university hinders resting/relaxing, seeing a psychologist/psychiatrist were positively associated with PS; having no worries about future was negatively associated. A high prevalence of mental health issues was reported, with miscellaneous associated factors that were linked to both private and social aspects. Universities must be aware of this to provide efficient preventive measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; A.O.U. City of Health and Science of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Ferrara
- Department of Human, Social and Health Sciences, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Edoardo Boietti
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Langiano
- Department of Human, Social and Health Sciences, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Armando Savatteri
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Scattaglia
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Lo Moro
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Leombruni
- Clinical Psychology and Psycho-Oncology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta De Vito
- Department of Human, Social and Health Sciences, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Roberta Siliquini
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; A.O.U. City of Health and Science of Torino, Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hwang HC, Kim SM, Han DH, Min KJ. Associations of Temperament and Character with Coping Strategies among Office Workers. Psychiatry Investig 2020; 17:37-46. [PMID: 31995970 PMCID: PMC6992849 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coping can be defined as the reactions to harm or distress individuals take to reduce stress. This study aimed to determine how an individual's temperament and character is correlated with the person's main coping method. METHODS The Korean version of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire and Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised-Short Version were used to evaluate the coping strategies and temperament and character of 1,035 people. Four hierarchical linear regression analyses with the scores of each coping strategy subscale as a dependent variable were performed. RESULTS High persistence, cooperativeness, self-transcendence, and low harm avoidance were associated with using a problem-focused coping strategy. Being female, high novelty seeking, reward dependence, and self-transcendence were associated with using a supportseeking coping strategy. High novelty seeking, self-transcendence, and low self-directedness were associated with using emotion-focused coping strategy. Being female, high novelty seeking, persistence, cooperativeness, and self-transcendence were associated with using a hopeful-thinking coping strategy. CONCLUSION Our results show that there may be specific personality features guiding what kind of coping strategy an individual might use in a given situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chan Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doug Hyun Han
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Joon Min
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bakare J, Omeje HO, Yisa MA, Orji CT, Onyechi KCN, Eseadi C, Nwajiuba CA, Anyaegbunam EN. Investigation of burnout syndrome among electrical and building technology undergraduate students in Nigeria. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17581. [PMID: 31626127 PMCID: PMC6824687 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The investigation of burnout among undergraduate students is yet to receive the same amount of attention as burnout in employees. Despite the negative effects of burnout among students, there is dearth of literature on burnout problem among electrical and building technology undergraduate students. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the burnout levels and the effect of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) on symptoms of burnout among electrical and building technology undergraduate students in South-East zone of Nigeria. METHOD A group randomized trial design involving a treatment group versus no-treatment group was adopted for this study. One hundred fifty four undergraduate students of electrical and building technology who met the study's inclusion criteria were selected from public universities in the South-East zone of Nigeria. The intervention consisted of 10 weeks of REBT treatment and 8 weeks of follow-up meetings conducted at 4 months. A self-report questionnaire was used for data collection. Repeated-measures analysis of variance, paired sample t test, and Chi-Squared were used for data analysis. RESULTS The outcome indicated that the levels of burnout syndrome among the students are high and REBT had a significant effect on the symptoms of burnout syndrome among the electrical and building technology students in the treatment group compared to their counterparts in the no-treatment group. Finally, the positive gains were significantly maintained by the treatment group at follow-up. CONCLUSION The current study suggests that an REBT program can be effective for dealing with burnout syndrome among the population of undergraduate students of electrical and building technology in Nigeria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimoh Bakare
- Faculty of Vocational and Technical EducationEnugu
| | | | | | | | | | - Chiedu Eseadi
- Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State
| | | | - Emenike N. Anyaegbunam
- Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hanafi E, Siste K, Wiguna T, Kusumadewi I, Nasrun MW. Temperament profile and its association with the vulnerability to smartphone addiction of medical students in Indonesia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212244. [PMID: 31295256 PMCID: PMC6622469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two dimensions of temperament, namely, (high levels of) novelty seeking and (low levels of) harm avoidance are related to substance addictions. However, their implications for smartphone addiction remain unexplored. Medical students are heavy smartphone users. Accordingly, screening for the risk of smartphone addiction based on individual differences in temperament can facilitate the identification of the best possible prevention strategy. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between temperament and the vulnerability to smartphone addiction among medical students in Jakarta, Indonesia. The research study adopted a cross-sectional research design and used a simple random sampling technique. The Indonesian versions of the Temperament and Character Inventory and the Smartphone Addiction Scale were used to measure the study variables. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between demographic factors, patterns of smartphone use, temperament, and vulnerability to smartphone addiction. A majority of the 185 participants were found to have the following temperament profile: low levels of novelty seeking and high levels of reward dependence and harm avoidance. The average duration of daily smartphone use was 7.83 hours (SD = 4.03) and the age at first smartphone use was 7.62 years (SD = 2.60). The respondents used smartphone to communicate with other people and access social media. A high level of harm avoidance was significantly associated with the risk of smartphone addiction (Odds Ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.12, 3.70). The findings suggest that smartphone addiction is comparable to other addictive behaviors. Further, harm avoidance increases the risk of smartphone addiction. Therefore, the risk of smartphone addiction among medical students must be ascertained based on their temperament profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enjeline Hanafi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristiana Siste
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tjhin Wiguna
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Irmia Kusumadewi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Martina Wiwie Nasrun
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ezenwaji IO, Eseadi C, Ugwoke SC, Vita-Agundu UC, Edikpa E, Okeke FC, Nwafor BN, Ozioko AN, Ebinyasi JO, Nwabuko LO, Njoku LG, Agu MA. A group-focused rational emotive behavior coaching for management of academic burnout among undergraduate students: Implications for school administrators. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16352. [PMID: 31348235 PMCID: PMC6708802 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-stress level affects students' health and many of them experiencing high levels of stress are at risk of burnout. School administrators are often concerned about the experiences and negative effects of burnout among students and staff. Burnout is described as a psychological reaction to chronic stress. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of a group-focused intervention (rational emotive behavior coaching, REBC) on academic burnout among undergraduate students attending public universities in Southeast Nigeria. METHODS A group randomized controlled trial design was adopted for this study. A total of 52 convenient samples of undergraduate students (with a high degree of burnout symptoms) took part in the research. We used a group REBT program manual for the management of burnout which was complemented with REBC techniques. Data were gathered with the aid of the perceived stress scale (PSS-10) and Oldenburg Burnout inventory-student (OLBI-S). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and paired t test at .05 probability level. RESULTS Results showed that the group-focused REBC program significantly alleviated burnout symptoms among students in the treatment group compared to students in the control group as measured by OLBI-S subscales: exhaustion (F(1,51) = 41.789, P = .000, (Equation is included in full-text article.), ΔR = 0.634, SE = 1.00), and disengagement (F(1,51) = 196.036, P = .000, (Equation is included in full-text article.), ΔR = 0.869, SE = 0.69). The students who benefitted from the group-focused REBC program maintained reduced symptoms of burnout after three months when the researchers conducted a follow-up as measured by OLBI-S subscales: exhaustion (F(1,51) = 34.012, P = .000, (Equation is included in full-text article.), ΔR = 0.467, SE = 1.21), and disengagement (F(1,51) = 108.941, P = .000, (Equation is included in full-text article.), ΔR = 0.765, SE = 0.85). CONCLUSION This research indicates that group-focused REBC can be applied to reduce burnout symptoms among undergraduate students. The group-focused REBC intervention may be adapted to overcome employee burnout and school administrators' burnout. Researchers may need to investigate the possibility of storing and harnessing data from studies on REBC and burnout and delivering computer-based/internet REBC program following evidence-based computing strategies and principles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael A. Agu
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, P.M.B 410001, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim C, Lee S, Youn S, Park B, Chung S. Insomnia and Neuroticism are Related with Depressive Symptoms of Medical Students. SLEEP MEDICINE RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.17241/smr.2017.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
12
|
Lee SJ, Choi YJ, Chae H. The effects of personality traits on academic burnout in Korean medical students. Integr Med Res 2017; 6:207-213. [PMID: 28664143 PMCID: PMC5478287 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggest that personality traits play an important role in academic burnout. The aim of this study was to investigate how Cloninger’s temperament and character traits explain academic burnout in a highly competitive environment of medical school. Methods A total of 184 Korean medical students participated in the survey. The Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory was measured around the beginning of the semester and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey at the end of the semester. The correlations and stepwise regression analysis were conducted to explain the association between personality traits and academic burnout. In addition, latent profile analysis and profile analysis were employed to distinguish and explain differences of personality traits among latent academic burnout subgroups. Results The higher harm avoidance of temperament and lower self-directedness and cooperativeness of character predicted the subscales of academic burnout in medical students. The Temperament and Character Inventory personality profile of high, middle, and low latent burnout subgroups were significantly different. Conclusion This study showed that personality might account for the burnout level in medical education. The importance of character dimension for modulating the effects of temperament traits on academic burnout was discussed for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jin Lee
- Department of Psychotherapy, School of Nursing and Public Health, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Young Jun Choi
- Department of Psychotherapy, School of Nursing and Public Health, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, Korea
| | - Han Chae
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shokri O, Potenza MN, Sanaeepour MH. A Preliminary Study Suggesting Similar Relationships Between Impulsivity and Severity of Problematic Internet Use in Male and Female Iranian College Students. Int J Ment Health Addict 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
14
|
Aherne D, Farrant K, Hickey L, Hickey E, McGrath L, McGrath D. Mindfulness based stress reduction for medical students: optimising student satisfaction and engagement. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 16:209. [PMID: 27535243 PMCID: PMC4989331 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical practitioners and students are at increased risk of a number of personal and psychological problems. Stress and anxiety due to work-load and study requirements are common and self-care methods are important in maintaining well-being. The current study examines perceptions of and satisfaction ratings with a mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) programme for 1(st) year (compulsory) and 2(nd) year (optional) Graduate Entry Medical School students. METHODS A mixed method pre and post study of Year 1 (n = 140) and Year 2 (n = 88) medical students completing a 7 week MBSR course compared student satisfaction ratings. Thematic analysis of feedback from the students on their perception of the course was also carried out. RESULTS Year 1 students (compulsory course) were less satisfied with content and learning outcomes than Year 2 students (optional course) (p < .0005). Thematic analysis of year 1 student feedback identified themes including great concept, poorly executed; and less discussion, more practice. Year 2 themes included session environment and satisfaction with tutors. CONCLUSIONS The MBSR course was associated with high levels of satisfaction and positive feedback when delivered on an optional basis. Catering for the individual needs of the participant and promoting a safe environment are core elements of a successful self-care programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Declan Aherne
- Counselling Department, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Katie Farrant
- Counselling Department, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise Hickey
- Counselling Department, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma Hickey
- Counselling Department, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Lisa McGrath
- Counselling Department, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Deirdre McGrath
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Woolman EO, Becker MM, Klanecky AK. PTSD Symptoms Mediate Academic Stress and Drinking to Cope in College Students. JOURNAL OF DRUG EDUCATION 2015; 45:96-112. [PMID: 26400899 DOI: 10.1177/0047237915607282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Heightened perceptions of academic stress may increase college alcohol use behaviors, namely problem drinking and drinking to cope. Leading from prior research, the current study examined posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms as a mediator between academic stress and alcohol use behaviors. Undergraduate participants (N=200) completed an online survey battery. Results indicated that posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms mediated the relationship between academic stress and drinking to cope. Findings maintained after excluding the small portion of the sample without prior trauma. Results suggest that early trauma exposure may increase stress sensitivity, which is associated with elevated nontraumatic academic stress and stress-related symptoms. An increase in stress symptoms likely promotes drinking as a method of coping. Information on the role of trauma and stress may be incorporated into alcohol intervention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin O Woolman
- Psychology Department, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sandover S, Jonas-Dwyer D, Marr T. Graduate entry and undergraduate medical students' study approaches, stress levels and ways of coping: a five year longitudinal study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2015; 15:5. [PMID: 25616440 PMCID: PMC4310038 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-015-0284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incorporating graduate students into undergraduate medical degree programs is a commonly accepted practice. However, it has only recently been recognized that these two types of students cope with their studies in various ways. The aim was to compare the learning approaches, stress levels and ways of coping of undergraduate (UG) and graduate entry medical students (GEMP) throughout their medical course. METHODS From 2007-2011 each of the five year cohorts of undergraduate and GEMP students completed four components of the study. The components included demographics, The Biggs' R-SPQ-2 F questionnaire which determines students' approaches to learning, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) used to rate students perceived stress during the past four weeks, and the Ways of Coping (WOC) questionnaire used to assess students' methods of coping with everyday problems. RESULTS There was a consistent difference between UG and GEMP students approaches to learning over the five years. GEMP students preferred a deep approach while the UG students preferred a superficial approach to learning. This difference became more obvious in the clinical years. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in stress levels. There were consistent differences in the ways the two groups coped with stress. CONCLUSIONS There were significant differences in approaches to learning and ways of coping with stress between the UG and the GEMP students. These need to be considered when introducing curriculum change, in particular, redesigning an UG program for post graduate delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally Sandover
- The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, Australia.
| | - Diana Jonas-Dwyer
- The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, Australia.
| | - Timothy Marr
- The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, Australia.
- Fremantle Hospital, Alma Street, Fremantle, WA, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cherkil S, Gardens SJ, Soman DK. Coping styles and its association with sources of stress in undergraduate medical students. Indian J Psychol Med 2013; 35:389-93. [PMID: 24379501 PMCID: PMC3868092 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.122235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The two ubiquitous factors that have been identified in medical courses to underlie mental health are stress and different coping styles adopted to combat stress. AIM To find the association between coping styles and stress in undergraduate medical students. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A medical college in Central Kerala. A cross-sectional study design was adopted. MATERIALS AND METHODS Source and Severity of Stress Scale, Medical Student Version, was used to assess the source and nature of stress. Brief Cope was used to find out the coping styles adopted. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 and SAS. Chi-square analysis was used to find the association between coping styles and stress domains and with the overall stress score. RESULTS There is a significant positive association between overall stress score and coping styles (P=0.001) of 'Negative cope', 'Blame', and 'Humor'. 'Positive cope' and 'Religion' has significant positive association with 'Academics' (P=0.047) and 'self Expectations' (P=0.009). 'Blame' (P<0.001) has very high significant positive association with 'Academics', 'self expectation', and 'Relationships'. Very high significant positive association is further found between 'Humor' (P<0.001) and 'self expectations', 'Living conditions', and 'Health and Value conflict'. 'substance Use' is positively associated in high significance to 'Health and Value conflict' (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The outcome of the study emphasizes the need for stress management techniques in the medical school.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Cherkil
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Seby J Gardens
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Deepak Kuttikatt Soman
- Department of Biostatistics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Cochin, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|