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Zsigo C, Greimel E, Primbs R, Bartling J, Schulte-Körne G, Feldmann L. Frontal alpha asymmetry during emotion regulation in adults with lifetime major depression. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:552-566. [PMID: 38302819 PMCID: PMC11078823 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Emotion regulation (ER) often is impaired in current or remitted major depression (MD), although the extent of the deficits is not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) could be a promising electrophysiological measure to investigate ER. The purpose of this study was to investigate ER differences between participants with lifetime major depression (lifetime MD) and healthy controls (HC) for the first time in an experimental task by using FAA. We compared lifetime MD (n = 34) and HC (n = 25) participants aged 18-24 years in (a) an active ER condition, in which participants were instructed to reappraise negative images and (b) a condition in which they attended to the images while an EEG was recorded. We also report FAA results from an independent sample of adolescents with current MD (n = 36) and HC adolescents (n = 38). In the main sample, both groups were able to decrease self-reported negative affect in response to negative images through ER, without significant group differences. We found no differences between groups or conditions in FAA, which was replicated within the independent adolescent sample. The lifetime MD group also reported less adaptive ER in daily life and higher difficulty of ER during the task. The lack of differences between in self-reported affect and FAA between lifetime MD and HC groups in the active ER task indicates that lifetime MD participants show no impairments when instructed to apply an adaptive ER strategy. Implications for interventional aspects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Zsigo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Ellen Greimel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Regine Primbs
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bartling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Feldmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 5, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Alves M, Krypotos AM, Crombez G, Vlaeyen JWS. Experimental Pain Picture System (EPPS): Development and Validation. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2023; 24:2052-2062. [PMID: 37356605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Pain-related pictures are useful for studying how individuals respond to pain-related stimulation. Such pictures can occasionally be found in databases for affective pictures. However, a validated database specifically for pain-related pictures is not available yet. In 2 experiments (N = 185 and 103, respectively), we developed and validated the Experimental Pain Pictures System (EPPS). In both experiments, negative valence, arousal, and painfulness ratings were compared between neutral-, sad-, and pain-related pictures. The pain-related pictures represented both deep and superficial somatic pain. Across the 2 experiments, pain-related pictures were judged as more negative, arousing, and painful than neutral pictures and more painful than sad pictures. The final EPPS contains 50 pictures of different painful events considered moderately to highly painful by participants. The EPPS is a valuable tool for studying pain-related responses, as it gives researchers a choice among many validated pictures depicting different types of pain, increasing the comparability between studies. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents the validation of the experimental pain pictures system, which consists of a set of pain-related pictures. The experimental pain pictures system is composed of pictures depicting different types of pain. Participants rated all the pictures as being negative, arousing, and painful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryna Alves
- Research Group Health Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Angelos-Miltiadis Krypotos
- Research Group Health Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Geert Crombez
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Johan W S Vlaeyen
- Research Group Health Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Experimental Health Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Feldmann L, Zsigo C, Mörtl I, Bartling J, Wachinger C, Oort F, Schulte-Körne G, Greimel E. Emotion regulation in adolescents with major depression - Evidence from a combined EEG and eye-tracking study. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:899-906. [PMID: 37591354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent major depression (MD) is characterized by deficits in emotion regulation (ER). Little is known about the neurophysiological correlates that are associated with these deficits. Moreover, the additional examination of visual attention during ER would allow a more in-depth understanding of ER deficits but has not yet been applied simultaneously. METHODS N = 33 adolescents with MD and n = 35 healthy controls (HCs) aged 12-18 years performed an ER task during which they either a) down-regulated their negative affective response to negative images via cognitive reappraisal or b) attended the images without changing their affective response. During the task, the Late Positive Potential (LPP), gaze fixations on emotional image aspects, and self-reported affective responses were collected simultaneously. RESULTS Compared to HCs, adolescents with MD demonstrated reduced ER success based on self-report but did not differ in LPP amplitudes. Participants in both groups showed increased amplitudes in the middle LPP window when they reappraised negative pictures compared to when they attended them. Only in the HC group, increased LPP amplitudes during reappraisal were paralleled by more positive affective responses. LIMITATION The applied stimuli were part of picture databases and might therefore have limited self-relevance. CONCLUSIONS Increased LPP amplitude during ER in both groups might be specific to adolescence and might suggest that ER at this age is challenging and requires a high amount of cognitive resources. These findings provide an important starting point for future interventional studies in youth MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Feldmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Carolin Zsigo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mörtl
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bartling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wachinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Frans Oort
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen Greimel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
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Attachment-based parent–adolescent interaction linked to visual attention and autonomic arousal to distress and comfort stimuli. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:112. [PMID: 35501885 PMCID: PMC9063334 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In infancy and in the early years of life, emotion regulation and attachment relationships with parents are tightly intertwined. However, whether this link persists into adolescence has not yet been established and requires exploration. This pilot study utilizes an experimental design to assess the patterns of parent–adolescent interactions that are hypothesised to be related to two specific aspects of adolescents’ emotion regulation, namely: visual attention and autonomic arousal to distress and comfort stimuli. Two innovative and ecologically valid methodologies were utilized to assess (a) patterns of attachment-based parent–adolescent interactions among 39 adolescent–parent dyads from the general population, using the Goal-corrected Partnership in Adolescence Coding System (Lyons-Ruth et al. Goal corrected partnership in adolescence coding system (GPACS), 2005) applied to a conflict discussion task; (b) the two aspects of adolescent emotion regulation were assessed with the Visual/Autonomic Regulation of Emotions Assessment (VAREA) (Vulliez-Coady et al. Visual/Autonomic Regulation of Emotions Assessment, VAREA) paradigm, an attachment-related, emotionally arousing experimental procedure, using a distress-then-comfort paradigm, in conjunction to an eye-tracker synchronized with a physiological device that measured gaze and skin conductance response, (SCR), or emotional reactivity. In line with research in infancy, as predicted, markers of secure parent–adolescent interaction were linked to higher amplitude of SCR for distress and comfort pictures, and with longer attention to comfort pictures. On the other hand, parental role-confusion was associated with less time spent on comfort pictures by the adolescent. Overall, this pilot study suggests that interventions supporting collaborative communication between adolescents and their parents, as well as working to reduce parental role-confusion, may improve adaptive adolescent emotion regulation as assessed via physiological measures.
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Diconne K, Kountouriotis GK, Paltoglou AE, Parker A, Hostler TJ. Presenting KAPODI – The Searchable Database of Emotional Stimuli Sets. EMOTION REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/17540739211072803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Emotional stimuli such as images, words, or video clips are often used in studies researching emotion. New sets are continuously being published, creating an immense number of available sets and complicating the task for researchers who are looking for suitable stimuli. This paper presents the KAPODI-database of emotional stimuli sets that are freely available or available upon request. Over 45 aspects including over 25 key set characteristics have been extracted and listed for each set. The database facilitates finding of and comparison between individual sets. It currently contains sets published between 1963 and 2020. A searchable online version ( https://airtable.com/shrnVoUZrwu6riP9b ) allows users to select specific set characteristics and to find matching sets accordingly, as well as to add new published sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Diconne
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University
| | | | | | - Andrew Parker
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University
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Maleki G, Mazaheri MA, Nejati V, Borhani K, Bosmans G. The Attachment-related picture set (ARPS): development and validation. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Greimel E, Feldmann L, Piechaczek C, Oort F, Bartling J, Schulte-Rüther M, Schulte-Körne G. Study protocol for a randomised-controlled study on emotion regulation training for adolescents with major depression: the KONNI study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036093. [PMID: 32912977 PMCID: PMC7485251 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major depression (MD) often has its onset during adolescence and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. One important factor for the development and maintenance of adolescent MD are disturbances in emotion regulation and the underlying neural processes. Cognitive reappraisal (CR) is a particular adaptive emotion regulation strategy. Previously, it has been shown in healthy adults that a task-based training in CR is efficient to reduce negative affect, and that these effects translate into everyday life.This randomised controlled trial examines for the first time whether a task-based training in CR proves effective in MD adolescents. Specifically, we will investigate whether the CR training improves the ability to downregulate negative affect in MD individuals as assessed by behavioural and neurobiological indices, and whether training effects generalise outside the laboratory. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Adolescents with MD will be randomly allocated to a group that either receives a task-based training in CR or a control training. Both involve four training sessions over a time period of 2 weeks. In the CR training, participants will be instructed to downregulate negative affective responses to negative pictures via CR, while the control training involves picture viewing. During the training sessions, the Late Positive Potential, gaze fixations on negative picture aspects and affective responses to pictures will be collected. Before and after the training programmes, and at a 2-week follow-up, overall negative and positive affect, rumination and perceived stress will be assessed as primary outcomes. Analyses of variance will be conducted to test the effectiveness of the CR training with regard to both primary outcomes and task-based behavioural and neurobiological parameters. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the LMU Munich, Germany. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated through conferences, social media and public events. TRIAL REGISTRATION DETAILS ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03957850, registered 21st May 2019; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03957850.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Greimel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Feldmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Charlotte Piechaczek
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Frans Oort
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Bartling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Schulte-Rüther
- Translational Brain Medicine in Psychiatry and Neurology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-Brain, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
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Henschel S, Nandrino JL, Pezard L, Ott L, Vulliez-Coady L, Doba K. The influence of attachment styles on autonomic correlates of perspective-taking. Biol Psychol 2020; 154:107908. [PMID: 32454080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of attachment styles on physiological responses during a perspective-taking task. Sixty-eight participants were selected according to attachment styles. Physiological responses were assessed using skin conductance responses (SCRs) in the three attachment groups (secure, insecure-anxious and insecure-avoidant) during the presentation of attachment-based pictures (distress, comfort or neutral) in two different perspective-taking conditions: self perspective-taking (i.e. imagine how you would feel in the given situation) or other perspective-taking (i.e. imagine how that person could feel in this situation). In the self perspective-taking condition, insecure-anxious individuals displayed higher SCRs than secure individuals for distress pictures. In the other perspective-taking condition, insecure-anxious individuals showed higher SCRs than secure individuals for comfort pictures. The results also showed a strong negative association between self-reported perspective-taking tendencies and SCRs in secure individuals. The findings suggest that perspective-taking plays an important role in the modulation of physiological responses in reaction to attachment-related pictures, which varies according to attachment styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Henschel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Louis Nandrino
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France; Fondation Santé des Étudiants de France, Clinique Médico-psychologique, F-59653, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Laurent Pezard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7260, LNSC, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Ott
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Lauriane Vulliez-Coady
- EA 481 Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, Université de Franche-Comté Besançon, France
| | - Karyn Doba
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France; Fondation Santé des Étudiants de France, Clinique Médico-psychologique, F-59653, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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Nandrino JL, Dodin V, Cottencin O, Doba K. Effect of intrapersonal emotional competences on the relationship between attachment insecurity and severity of eating disorder symptoms in patients with restrictive anorexia. J Clin Psychol 2019; 76:476-492. [PMID: 31715022 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attachment insecurity and emotional competences (EC) form a key part of conceptual models of anorexia nervosa (AN). We explored the relationship between attachment dimensions and EC on the severity of eating disorders in patients diagnosed with restrictive AN. METHOD Sixty-three female patients with restrictive AN and 63 healthy participants completed self-report measures (eating symptoms, EC, attachment, depression, and anxiety). RESULT Patients with restrictive AN used fewer adaptive and more maladaptive regulation strategies and showed low levels of intrapersonal EC. The partial least squares path modeling analysis showed that high levels of attachment anxiety or avoidance lead to a decrease in intrapersonal EC, which in turn contributes to greater severity of eating symptoms in anorexic patients. CONCLUSIONS Lower intrapersonal EC played an important mediating role in the effects of attachment insecurity on the severity of eating disorders. The joint use of therapeutic programs that target both EC and attachment processes constitutes a promising approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Nandrino
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Sciences SCALab UMR CNRS 9193, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Clinique médico-psychologique, Fondation Santé des Etudiants de France, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Vincent Dodin
- GHICL Service de psychiatrie, Hôpital Saint-Vincent de Paul, Lille, France
| | - Olivier Cottencin
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Sciences SCALab UMR CNRS 9193, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Service d'Addictologie, Hôpital Fontan 2, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karyn Doba
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Sciences SCALab UMR CNRS 9193, Université de Lille, Lille, France.,Clinique médico-psychologique, Fondation Santé des Etudiants de France, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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How do adolescents regulate distress according to attachment style? A combined eye-tracking and neurophysiological approach. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:39-47. [PMID: 30165119 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
According to attachment theory, attachment representations influence emotion regulation (ER) across the lifespan. However, research into attachment-related ER in adolescence is still scarce. The aim of this study was to assess attachment-related ER using a multimodal approach, relying on behavioral and neurophysiological parameters. Attachment styles in eighty-one adolescents were assessed with the Attachment Style Interview (ASI). A distress-then-comfort paradigm based on visual stimuli (the Besancon Affective Picture Set-Adolescents) was employed to "activate" then "deactivate" the attachment system. Gaze and neurophysiological parameters of ER strategies were assessed using eye-tracking synchronized with a physiological device. During the first phase "distress exposure", attachment style was associated with the early stage of distress processing indexed by first fixation duration. Withdrawn adolescents fixated distress pictures less than other groups. Fearful adolescents showed a longer first fixation duration than withdrawn adolescents. During the following phase, "comfort-seeking", all groups initially fixed joy-complicity and comfort pictures earlier than neutral pictures, except for withdrawn adolescents, who fixated comfort pictures later than neutral pictures. Additionally, withdrawn adolescents explored comfort pictures less than enmeshed adolescents. Enmeshed adolescents explored neutral pictures less than comfort and joy-complicity pictures. Concerning neurophysiological parameters, first fixation duration correlated positively with Skin Conductance Response (SCR) rise time in fearful adolescents, while glance count correlated negatively with SCR latency in withdrawn adolescents. This study provides an innovative and objective evaluation of behavioral and neurophysiological parameters for attachment-related ER in adolescents, with a temporal resolution. These parameters constitute potential biomarkers that could contribute to our understanding of ER differences in insecure adolescents. This study was registered with the clinical trials database ClinicalTrials.gov on August 01, 2016, under the number NCT02851810.
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Szymanska M, Comte A, Tio G, Vidal C, Monnin J, Smith CC, Nezelof S, Vulliez-Coady L. The Besançon affective picture set-adult (BAPS-Adult): Development and validation. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:31-38. [PMID: 30458318 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We developed and validated a new picture database of attachment-related photographs, the BAPS-Adult. Participants (N = 315) rated 256 pictures, according to dimension (valence, arousal, and dominance) using Self-Assessment Manikins (SAM), emotional category (positive, negative, mixed, and neutral) using labels, and discrete emotion (comfort, joy, complicity, distress, horror, and hate) using linear scales. Pictures were then classified into four types, depending on content (distress, comfort, complicity-joy, and neutral). Dimensional ratings of valence, arousal, and dominance, as well as discrete emotion ratings, differed significantly from each other between picture types. The BAPS-Adult is a new, highly discriminated database, allowing researchers to select from a variety of pre-rated, attachment-related pictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szymanska
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, UBFC, UFC, F-25000 Besançon, France; Department of Neurosciences, UMR 1253, iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.
| | - Alexandre Comte
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, UBFC, UFC, F-25000 Besançon, France; CIC 1431, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Grégory Tio
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, UBFC, UFC, F-25000 Besançon, France; CIC 1431, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Chrystelle Vidal
- CIC 1431, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Julie Monnin
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, UBFC, UFC, F-25000 Besançon, France; CIC 1431, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | | | - Sylvie Nezelof
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, UBFC, UFC, F-25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France
| | - Lauriane Vulliez-Coady
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA481, UBFC, UFC, F-25000 Besançon, France; Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, F-25000 Besançon, France.
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Szymanska M, Chateau Smith C, Monnin J, Andrieu P, Girard F, Galdon L, Schneider M, Pazart L, Nezelof S, Vulliez-Coady L. Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on Emotion Regulation in Insecure Adolescents: Study Protocol for a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2016; 5:e206. [PMID: 27806925 PMCID: PMC5112367 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.5643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emotional dysregulation and impaired attachment are potential contributors to the development of psychopathology in adolescence. This raises the question of whether oxytocin (OT), the paradigmatic “attachment hormone,” may be beneficial in such contexts. Recent evidence suggests that intranasal administration of OT increases affiliative behavior, including trust and empathy. OT may also facilitate social reciprocity by attenuating the stress response to interpersonal conflict. To date, few studies have investigated the effects of intranasal oxytocin (IN-OT) on neurophysiological emotion regulation strategies in healthy adolescents, particularly during parent-adolescent interaction. To understand these mechanisms, our study will examine the effects of IN-OT on emotion regulation in adolescents during parent-adolescent stressful interactions, and on each adolescent’s visual and neurophysiological strategies when visualizing attachment-related pictures. We hypothesize that IN-OT will influence psychophysiological outcomes under conditions of stress. We predict that IN-OT will momentarily increase feelings of safety and attenuate stress and hostile behavior during conflict situations. OT may also enhance attachment security by increasing comfort and proximity-seeking, and reducing neurophysiological hyperactivation. Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of IN-OT on insecure adolescents by studying their behavior and discourse during a disagreement with one of their parents. Their neurophysiological responses to pictures eliciting attachment-related emotions and their visual exploration strategies will also be investigated. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group design, 60 healthy male adolescents classified as insecurely attached will receive 24 international units (IU) of IN-OT versus placebo (PB), 45 minutes before the experimental tasks. Each adolescent will then be invited to engage in an experimental conflict discussion with one of his parents. The conflict session will be videotaped and coded for verbal and non-verbal interaction behavior, using the Goal-Corrected Partnership in Adolescence Coding System (GPACS). Each adolescent will then be asked to visualize attachment-related pictures on a screen. Eye-tracking (ET) and neurophysiological responses, including electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate (HR), will be recorded simultaneously and continuously during attachment-related picture viewing (Besançon Affective Picture Set-Adolescents, BAPS-Ado). Results Enrollment for the study was completed in May 2016. Data analysis commenced in July 2016. Study results will be submitted for publication in the winter of 2017. Conclusions OT is a complex molecule with many facets that are not yet fully understood. This experimental protocol will increase scientific and clinical knowledge of emotion regulation skills in insecure adolescents by assessing the impact of IN-OT on parent-adolescent interaction and on the visual processing of attachment-related emotions. Positive results could lead to therapeutic uses of IN-OT to treat emotion dysregulation in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szymanska
- Laboratory of Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience EA481, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
| | | | - Julie Monnin
- Laboratory of Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience EA481, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France.,Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-IT 808, INSERM, University Regional Hospital, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
| | - Patrice Andrieu
- Laboratory of Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience EA481, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
| | - Frédérique Girard
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Lucie Galdon
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Marie Schneider
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Lionel Pazart
- Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-IT 1431, INSERM, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Sylvie Nezelof
- Laboratory of Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience EA481, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Lauriane Vulliez-Coady
- Laboratory of Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience EA481, University of Franche-Comte, Besançon, France.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Regional Hospital, Besançon, France
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