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Wang D, Zhou M, Hu Y. The Relationship Between Harsh Parenting and Smartphone Addiction Among Adolescents: Serial Mediating Role of Depression and Social Pain. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:735-752. [PMID: 38410380 PMCID: PMC10896639 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s438014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose With the increasing prevalence of smart phones, adolescent smartphone addiction has garnered significant attention from researchers. Previous studies have revealed that smartphone addiction is associated with various internalization and externalization problems. Therefore, this present study aims to investigate the risk factors contributing to adolescent smartphone addiction. Methods Study 1 recruited a sample of 540, 690, and 470 Chinese students aged between 10-17 years for exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and predictive validity analysis of the social pain scale. Study 2 utilized data from a sample of 718 Chinese students aged between 10-17 years to examine the measurement model used revised social pain scale, smartphone addiction scale, harsh parenting scale, and depression sub-scale. Results The present study revealed that (1)The Social Pain Scale had good applicability in Chinese adolescents; (2) There were significant, positive correlations among harsh parenting, smartphone addiction, depression and social pain; (3) Social pain and depression played a partially serial mediating role in the relationship between harsh parenting and smartphone addiction, and similarly the relationship between paternal harsh parenting and smartphone addiction, while a completely serial mediating role in the relationship between maternal harsh parenting and smartphone addiction. Conclusion This study provides a direct path (improving parenting style) and an indirect path (reducing social pain to reduce depression) regarding interventions for adolescents with smartphone addiction, and establishes a basis for improving the situation of adolescent smartphone addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixin Hu
- School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Albermann M, Emery S, Baumgartner N, Strumberger M, Erb S, Wöckel L, Müller-Knapp U, Rhiner B, Contin-Waldvogel B, Bachmann S, Schmeck K, Berger G, Häberling I. Executive functions and borderline personality features in adolescents with major depressive disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:957753. [PMID: 37425294 PMCID: PMC10325791 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.957753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Executive functions (EF) consolidate during adolescence and are impaired in various emerging psychiatric disorders, such as pediatric Major Depressive Disorder (pMDD) and Borderline Personality Disorder. Previous studies point to a marked heterogeneity of deficits in EF in pMDD. We examined the hypothesis that deficits in EF in adolescents with pMDD might be related to comorbid Borderline Personality features (BPF). Methods We examined a sample of 144 adolescents (15.86 ± 1.32) diagnosed with pMDD. Parents rated their child's EF in everyday life with the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and BPF with the Impulsivity and Emotion Dysregulation Scale (IED-27). The adolescents completed equivalent self-rating measures. Self- and parent-ratings of the BRIEF scores were compared with paired t-Tests. Correlation and parallel mediation analyses, ICC, and multiple regression analyses were used to assess symptom overlap, parent-child agreement, and the influence of depression severity. Results Over the whole sample, none of the self- or parent-rated BRIEF scales reached a mean score above T > 65, which would indicate clinically impaired functioning. Adolescents tended to report higher impairment in EF than their parents. Depression severity was the strongest predictor for BPF scores, with Emotional Control predicting parent-rated BPF and Inhibit predicting self-rated BPF. Furthermore, the Behavioral Regulation Index, which includes EF closely related to behavioral control, significantly mediated the relationship between depression severity and IED-27 factors emotional dysregulation and relationship difficulties but not non-suicidal self-injuries. Conclusion On average, adolescents with depression show only subtle deficits in executive functioning. However, increased EF deficits are associated with the occurrence of comorbid borderline personality features, contributing to a more severe overall psychopathology. Therefore, training of executive functioning might have a positive effect on psychosocial functioning in severely depressed adolescents, as it might also improve comorbid BPF. Clinical trial registration www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03167307.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Albermann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Emery
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael Strumberger
- Research Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Suzanne Erb
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Services St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lars Wöckel
- Research Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Clienia Littenheid AG, Littenheid, Switzerland
| | | | - Bruno Rhiner
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Thurgau, Weinfelden, Switzerland
| | | | - Silke Bachmann
- University Clinic of the Martin-Luther University Halle – Wittenberg’s Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
- Département de Psychiatrie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Schmeck
- Research Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Berger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Häberling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Chu M, Xu T, Wang Y, Wang P, Gu Q, Liu Q, Cheung EFC, Chan RCK, Wang Z. The impact of childhood trauma on thalamic functional connectivity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychol Med 2022; 52:2471-2480. [PMID: 33213536 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720004328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma is a vulnerability factor for the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Empirical findings suggest that trauma-related alterations in brain networks, especially in thalamus-related regions, have been observed in OCD patients. However, the relationship between childhood trauma and thalamic connectivity in patients with OCD remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine the impact of childhood trauma on thalamic functional connectivity in OCD patients. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging resting-state scans were acquired in 79 patients with OCD, including 22 patients with a high level of childhood trauma (OCD_HCT), 57 patients with a low level of childhood trauma (OCD_LCT) and 47 healthy controls. Seven thalamic subdivisions were chosen as regions of interest (ROIs) to examine the group difference in thalamic ROIs and whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC). RESULTS We found significantly decreased caudate-thalamic rsFC in OCD patients as a whole group and also in OCD_LCT patients, compared with healthy controls. However, OCD_HCT patients exhibited increased thalamic rsFC with the prefrontal cortex when compared with both OCD_LCT patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, OCD patients with high and low levels of childhood trauma exhibit different pathological alterations in thalamic rsFC, suggesting that childhood trauma may be a predisposing factor for some OCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Chu
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiumeng Gu
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Eric F C Cheung
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administration Region, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Psychological and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
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4
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Does identity disturbance contribute to inhibition in borderline personality? A preliminary report. Encephale 2022:S0013-7006(22)00109-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Frontal EEG asymmetry moderates the relation between borderline personality disorder features and feelings of social rejection in adolescents. Dev Psychopathol 2022; 35:876-890. [PMID: 35440357 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579422000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although associations among borderline personality disorder (BPD), social rejection, and frontal EEG alpha asymmetry scores (FAA, a neural correlate of emotion regulation and approach-withdrawal motivations) have been explored in different studies, relatively little work has examined these relations during adolescence in the same study. We examined whether FAA moderated the relation between BPD features and rejection sensitivity following a validated social exclusion paradigm, Cyberball. A mixed, clinical-community sample of 64 adolescents (females = 62.5%; Mage = 14.45 years; SD = 1.6; range = 11-17 years) completed psychodiagnostic interviews and a self-report measure of BPD (Time 1). Approximately two weeks later (Time 2), participants completed a resting EEG recording followed by Cyberball. FAA moderated the relation between BPD features and overall feelings of rejection following Cyberball: individuals with greater relative left FAA had the highest and lowest feelings of social rejection depending on whether they had high and low BPD feature scores, respectively. Results remained after controlling for age, sex, gender, depression, and BPD diagnosis. These results suggest that FAA may moderate the relation between BPD features and social rejection, and that left frontal brain activity at rest may be differentially associated with those feelings in BPD. Findings are discussed in terms of the link between left frontal brain activity in the regulation and dysregulation of social approach behaviors, characteristic of BPD.
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6
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Ernst M, Tibubos AN, Kubiak T, O'Connor RC, Beutel ME. Study Protocol for an Ecological Momentary Assessment Study: TempRes "Temporal Variability of Risk and Resilience Factors for Suicidal Ideation". Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:877283. [PMID: 35546923 PMCID: PMC9082499 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.877283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicide prevention is an important public mental health issue that can be significantly brought forward by recent advances in psychological research methods and assessment. The project "TempRes" aims to harness the power of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to investigate the transdiagnostic risk and resilience factors associated with suicidal ideation drawn from the most recent research in suicide prevention and personality assessment. Participants will comprise the general population (planned: N = 100) and a risk group (patients currently in psychosomatic or psychiatric treatment) (planned: N = 50). After a comprehensive baseline assessment, they will complete up to ten short assessments per day over the course of 10 days at roughly equidistant intervals. In detail, the project examines the interplay of biography (previous suicidal behavior, experiences of childhood maltreatment), individual differences (level of personality functioning), and time-varying factors (entrapment, loneliness, mood) with respect to the emergence and fluctuation of suicidal ideation. There are two main research foci: First, the project will provide an operationalization and empirical verification of a core assumption of the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicide (IMV model). It will test whether the interaction of the time-varying predictors entrapment with loneliness (as a motivational moderator) explains reports of suicidal ideation over time. Second, it will be the first to examine personality functioning (a transdiagnostic, psychodynamically grounded conceptualization of vulnerability to psychological crises over the life span) as a time-invariant predictor of suicidal ideation assessed within an intensive longitudinal study design. The main analyses will be built on linear mixed models. The overarching aim of the project is to gain a better understanding of the psychological dynamics underlying suicidal ideation in different populations by bringing together concepts from different theoretical traditions. This will inform prevention efforts geared toward the general public as well as intervention in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Ernst
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana N Tibubos
- Diagnostics in Healthcare & E-Health, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Thomas Kubiak
- Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rory C O'Connor
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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7
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Gerra ML, Ardizzi M, Martorana S, Leoni V, Riva P, Preti E, Marino BFM, Ossola P, Marchesi C, Gallese V, De Panfilis C. Autonomic vulnerability to biased perception of social inclusion in borderline personality disorder. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 2021; 8:28. [PMID: 34794518 PMCID: PMC8600701 DOI: 10.1186/s40479-021-00169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) feel rejected even when socially included. The pathophysiological mechanisms of this rejection bias are still unknown. Using the Cyberball paradigm, we investigated whether patients with BPD, display altered physiological responses to social inclusion and ostracism, as assessed by changes in Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA). METHODS The sample comprised 30 patients with BPD, 30 with remitted Major Depressive Disorder (rMDD) and 30 Healthy Controls (HC). Self-report ratings of threats toward one's fundamental need to belong and RSA reactivity were measured immediately after each Cyberball condition. RESULTS Participants with BPD showed lower RSA at rest than HC. Only patients with BPD, reported higher threats to fundamental needs and exhibited a further decline in RSA after the Inclusion condition. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with BPD experience a biased appraisal of social inclusion both at the subjective and physiological level, showing higher feelings of ostracism and a breakdown of autonomic regulation to including social scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Ardizzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Martorana
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Veronica Leoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Riva
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Preti
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Ossola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Marchesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Vittorio Gallese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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8
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Hanegraaf L, van Baal S, Hohwy J, Verdejo-Garcia A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 'Systems for Social Processes' in borderline personality and substance use disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:572-592. [PMID: 33865874 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in social processing (SP) have been proposed to underpin interpersonal dysfunction in both Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Substance Use Disorders (SUD). This study aimed to explore potential transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral phenotypes of these disorders utilizing the NIMH Research Domain Criteria 'Systems for Social Processes'. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the published research was conducted on 134 studies identified through our database searches. Four meta-analyses were conducted, which revealed significant overlapping deficits in the ability to identify facial emotions and infer the mental states of others in both BPD and SUD. Further, people with BPD displayed a higher ostracism effect following perceived social exclusion. Systematically reviewed studies also revealed significant dysfunction amongst individuals with BPD and SUD across both self and other SP constructs, which were broadly similar in magnitude. Taken together, these results support the proposition that SP dysfunction may be considered a core transdiagnostic phenotype of BPD and SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hanegraaf
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Simon van Baal
- Cognition and Philosophy Lab, Philosophy Department, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jakob Hohwy
- Cognition and Philosophy Lab, Philosophy Department, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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9
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Abstract
This paper proposes a model for developmental psychopathology that is informed by recent research suggestive of a single model of mental health disorder (the p factor) and seeks to integrate the role of the wider social and cultural environment into our model, which has previously been more narrowly focused on the role of the immediate caregiving context. Informed by recently emerging thinking on the social and culturally driven nature of human cognitive development, the ways in which humans are primed to learn and communicate culture, and a mentalizing perspective on the highly intersubjective nature of our capacity for affect regulation and social functioning, we set out a cultural-developmental approach to psychopathology.
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10
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Reinhard MA, Dewald-Kaufmann J, Wüstenberg T, Musil R, Barton BB, Jobst A, Padberg F. The vicious circle of social exclusion and psychopathology: a systematic review of experimental ostracism research in psychiatric disorders. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:521-532. [PMID: 31586242 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-019-01074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Social exclusion (ostracism) is a major psychosocial factor contributing to the development and persistence of psychiatric disorders and is also related to their social stigma. However, its specific role in different disorders is not evident, and comprehensive social psychology research on ostracism has rather focused on healthy individuals and less on psychiatric patients. Here, we systematically review experimental studies investigating psychological and physiological reactions to ostracism in different responses of psychiatric disorders. Moreover, we propose a theoretical model of the interplay between psychiatric symptoms and ostracism. A systematic MEDLINE and PsycINFO search was conducted including 52 relevant studies in various disorders (some of which evaluated more than one disorder): borderline personality disorder (21 studies); major depressive disorder (11 studies); anxiety (7 studies); autism spectrum disorder (6 studies); schizophrenia (6 studies); substance use disorders (4 studies); and eating disorders (2 studies). Psychological and physiological effects of ostracism were assessed with various experimental paradigms: e.g., virtual real-time interactions (Cyberball), social feedback and imagined scenarios. We critically review the main results of these studies and propose the overall concept of a vicious cycle where psychiatric symptoms increase the chance of being ostracized, and ostracism consolidates or even aggravates psychopathology. However, the specificity and stability of reactions to ostracism, their neurobiological underpinnings, determinants, and moderators (e.g., attachment style, childhood trauma, and rejection sensitivity) remain elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias A Reinhard
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia Dewald-Kaufmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Infanteriestr. 11a, 80797, Munich, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Musil
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara B Barton
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Jobst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU, Nussbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
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11
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Porter C, Palmier-Claus J, Branitsky A, Mansell W, Warwick H, Varese F. Childhood adversity and borderline personality disorder: a meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2020; 141:6-20. [PMID: 31630389 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this meta-analysis was to better understand the magnitude and consistency of the association between childhood adversity and borderline personality disorder (BPD) across case-control, epidemiological and prospective cohort studies. METHOD Following the review protocol (reference: CRD42017075179), search terms pertaining to adversity and BPD were entered into three search engines. Random-effects meta-analysis synthesised the size and consistency of the effects. RESULTS A total of 97 studies compared BPD to non-clinical (k = 40) and clinical (k = 70) controls. Meta-analysis of case-control studies indicated that individuals with BPD are 13.91 (95% CI 11.11-17.43) times more likely to report childhood adversity than non-clinical controls. This effect was smaller when considering retrospective cohort (OR: 2.59; 95% CI 0.93-7.30) and epidemiological (OR: 2.56, 95% CI 1.24-5.30) studies. Findings were significant across adversity subtypes with emotional abuse (OR: 38.11, 95% CI: 25.99-55.88) and neglect (OR: 17.73, 95% CI = 13.01-24.17) demonstrating the largest effects. Individuals with BPD were 3.15 (95% CI 2.62-3.79) times more likely to report childhood adversity than other psychiatric groups. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis corroborates theoretical proposals that exposure to adverse life experiences is associated with BPD. It highlights the importance of considering childhood adversity when treating people diagnosed with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Porter
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J Palmier-Claus
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.,Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire, UK
| | - A Branitsky
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - W Mansell
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - H Warwick
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - F Varese
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Complex Trauma and Resilience Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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12
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Shi L, Zhou H, Shen Y, Wang Y, Fang Y, He Y, Ou J, Luo X, Cheung EFC, Chan RCK. Differential profiles of response inhibition deficit between male children with autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia. Autism Res 2019; 13:591-602. [PMID: 31657124 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐juan Shi
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- School of Education Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan China
| | - Han‐yu Zhou
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yan‐mei Shen
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Ya Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yu‐min Fang
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Yu‐qiong He
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Jian‐jun Ou
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Xue‐rong Luo
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | | | - Raymond C. K. Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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13
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J D, N F. Neural and cognitive correlates of stigma and social rejection in individuals with Serious Mental Illness (SMI): A systematic review of the literature. Psychiatry Res 2019; 274:146-158. [PMID: 30784783 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stigma and self-stigma are major issues for people with Serious Mental Illness (SMI). This review's aims were to determine the cognitive and neural processes underlying the effects of stigma and social rejection in people with SMI. A stepwise systematic literature review (PRISMA) was conducted by searching PubMed, Medline and Web of Science using the following keywords: "cyberball" OR "stereotype threat" OR "implicit association test" AND "mental illness". The articles included met the following criteria: (a) reporting on social rejection, stigma or self-stigma (b) diagnosis of SMI (c) available data on the underlying mechanisms. Our search on July 31th 2018 found in 955 articles on PubMed and 3,362 on Web of Science. Hypersensitivity to acute social rejection was found and associated with more self-related negative emotions and more dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies. People with SMI under-performed in cognitive tasks when confronted with stigma. Stigma resistance was described with its neural correlates. Psychiatric symptoms, duration of illness and baseline non-specific distress influenced the response to acute social rejection or stigma. The samples, methods, and reported outcomes were heterogeneous and difficult to compare. Future studies should investigate the associations between self-stigma and responses to acute and chronic social rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dubreucq J
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitive, UMR 5229, CNRS & Université Lyon 1, France; Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale et de Remédiation Cognitive (C3R), Centre Hospitalier Alpes Isère, 1 place du Conseil National de la Résistance, Grenoble, 38400 Saint Martin d'Hères, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
| | - Franck N
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitive, UMR 5229, CNRS & Université Lyon 1, France; Réseau Handicap Psychique, Grenoble, France; Centre Référent Lyonnais de Réhabilitation Psychosociale et de Remédiation Cognitive (CL3R), Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, France; Centre Ressource de Réhabilitation Psychosociale et de Remédiation Cognitive, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, France
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Gagnon J, Aldebert J, Saleh G, Kim WS. The Modulating Role of Self-Referential Stimuli and Processes in the Effect of Stress and Negative Emotion on Inhibition Processes in Borderline Personality Disorder: Proposition of a Model to Integrate the Self-Concept and Inhibition Processes. Brain Sci 2019; 9:E77. [PMID: 30935039 PMCID: PMC6523515 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulsivity is an important clinical and diagnostic feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Even though it has been reported that BPD individuals' inhibition performance is significantly reduced in the context of negative emotion or stress, this literature shows mixed results, raising questions about the possible role played by other factors. Winter (2016) proposed that negative emotion stimuli can be more disruptive for BPD individuals' attention control performance because they induce higher distractibility self-referential processes. This article aimed to systematically review the literature regarding the effect of stress and negative emotions on three main inhibition processes-prepotent response inhibition, resistance to distractor interference, and resistance to proactive interference-in BPD and to verify the putative modulating role of self-referential stimuli and processes on these inhibition processes. All English and French experimental studies published until August 2018 were searched in PsychINFO and PubMED databases. The following keywords were used: "borderline* AND inhibit* OR interference* OR forget* OR task* AND emotion* OR stress* OR affect*". A total of 1215 articles were included in the study. After full text revision, twenty-six papers were selected for review. The results of this review indicate that when stimuli or procedures involve self-reference stimuli or processes, BPD individuals' performance seems to be more disrupted in all three inhibition processes. A model based on Winter's and Kernberg's models is proposed with the aim of integrating the self-concept with inhibition processes in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Gagnon
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, QC H2H 2N8, Canada.
- Laboratoire d'Électrophysiologie en Neuroscience Sociale (LENS), Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Joséphine Aldebert
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, QC H2H 2N8, Canada.
- Laboratoire d'Électrophysiologie en Neuroscience Sociale (LENS), Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Gasser Saleh
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, QC H2H 2N8, Canada.
- Laboratoire d'Électrophysiologie en Neuroscience Sociale (LENS), Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Wan Seo Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR), Montreal, QC H2H 2N8, Canada.
- Laboratoire d'Électrophysiologie en Neuroscience Sociale (LENS), Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Euler S, Wrege J, Busmann M, Lindenmeyer HJ, Sollberger D, Lang UE, Gaab J, Walter M. Exclusion-Proneness in Borderline Personality Disorder Inpatients Impairs Alliance in Mentalization-Based Group Therapy. Front Psychol 2018; 9:824. [PMID: 29910754 PMCID: PMC5992402 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interpersonal sensitivity, particularly threat of potential exclusion, is a critical condition in borderline personality disorder (BPD) which impairs patients’ social adjustment. Current evidence-based treatments include group components, such as mentalization-based group therapy (MBT-G), in order to improve interpersonal functioning. These treatments additionally focus on the therapeutic alliance since it was discovered to be a robust predictor of treatment outcome. However, alliance is a multidimensional factor of group therapy, which includes the fellow patients, and may thus be negatively affected by the exclusion-proneness of BPD patients. The aim of this pilot study was to examine the predictive value of threat of social exclusion for the therapeutic alliance in MBT-G. In the first part of the study, social exclusion was experimentally induced in 23 BPD inpatients and 28 healthy subjects using the Cyberball paradigm, a virtual ball tossing game. The evoked level of threat was measured with the Need-Threat Scale (NTS) which captures four dimensions of fundamental human needs, i.e., the need for belongingness, for self-esteem, for control, and for a meaningful existence. In the second part of the study, therapeutic alliance was measured on three dimensions, the therapists, the fellow patients and the group as a whole, using the Group-Questionnaire (GQ-D). BPD patients scored higher in their level of threat according to the NTS in both, the inclusion and the exclusion condition. The level of threat after exclusion predicted impairments of the therapeutic alliance in MBT-G. It was associated with more negative relationships, lower positive bonding and a lower positive working alliance with the fellow patients and lower positive bonding to the group as a whole whilst no negative prediction of the alliance to the therapists was found. Consequently, our translational study design has shown that Cyberball is an appropriate tool to use as an approach for clinical questions. We further conclude that exclusion-proneness in BPD is a critical feature with respect to alliance in group treatments. In order to neutralize BPD patients’ exclusion bias, therapists may be advised to provide an “inclusive stance,” especially in initial sessions. It is also recommendable to strengthen patient to patient relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Euler
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Wrege
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mareike Busmann
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hannah J Lindenmeyer
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Undine E Lang
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Gaab
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Walter
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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