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Hermans EC, van Gerven CCE, Johnsen L, Tungen JE, Nijboer CH, de Theije CGM. Dietary LPC-Bound n-3 LCPUFA Protects against Neonatal Brain Injury in Mice but Does Not Enhance Stem Cell Therapy. Nutrients 2024; 16:2252. [PMID: 39064695 PMCID: PMC11279425 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is a prominent cause of neurological morbidity, urging the development of novel therapies. Interventions with n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide neuroprotection and neuroregeneration in neonatal HI animal models. While lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-bound n-3 LCPUFAs enhance brain incorporation, their effect on HI brain injury remains unstudied. This study investigates the efficacy of oral LPC-n-3 LCPUFAs from Lysoveta following neonatal HI in mice and explores potential additive effects in combination with MSC therapy. HI was induced in 9-day-old C57BL/6 mice and Lysoveta was orally supplemented for 7 subsequent days, with or without intranasal MSCs at 3 days post-HI. At 21-28 days post-HI, functional outcome was determined using cylinder rearing, novel object recognition, and open field tasks, followed by the assessment of gray (MAP2) and white (MBP) matter injury. Oral Lysoveta diminished gray and white matter injury but did not ameliorate functional deficits following HI. Lysoveta did not further enhance the therapeutic potential of MSC therapy. In vitro, Lysoveta protected SH-SY5Y neurons against oxidative stress. In conclusion, short-term oral administration of Lysoveta LPC-n-3 LCPUFAs provides neuroprotection against neonatal HI by mitigating oxidative stress injury but does not augment the efficacy of MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C. Hermans
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlon C. E. van Gerven
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Line Johnsen
- Aker BioMarine Human Ingredients AS, Oksenøyveien 10, 1327 Lysaker, Norway
| | - Jørn E. Tungen
- Aker BioMarine Human Ingredients AS, Oksenøyveien 10, 1327 Lysaker, Norway
| | - Cora H. Nijboer
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline G. M. de Theije
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht University, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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2
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Liu WZ, Huang SH, Wang Y, Wang CY, Pan HQ, Zhao K, Hu P, Pan BX, Zhang WH. Medial prefrontal cortex input to basolateral amygdala controls acute stress-induced short-term anxiety-like behavior in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:734-744. [PMID: 36513871 PMCID: PMC10066275 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety is a normal and transitory emotional state that allows the organisms to cope well with the real or perceived threats, while excessive or prolonged anxiety is a key characteristic of anxiety disorders. We have recently revealed that prolonged anxiety induced by chronic stress is associated with the circuit-varying dysfunction of basolateral amygdala projection neurons (BLA PNs). However, it is not yet known whether similar mechanisms also emerge for acute stress-induced, short-lasting increase of anxiety. Here, using a mouse model of acute restraint stress (ARS), we found that ARS mice showed increased anxiety-like behavior at 2 h but not 24 h after stress, and this effect was accompanied by a transient increase of the activity of BLA PNs. Specifically, ex vivo patch-clamp recordings revealed that the increased BLA neuronal activity did not differ among the distinct BLA neuronal populations, regardless of their projection targets being the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) or elsewhere. We further demonstrated that such effects were mainly mediated by the enhanced presynaptic glutamate release in dmPFC-to-BLA synapses but not lateral amygdala-to-BLA ones. Furthermore, while optogenetically weakening the presynaptic glutamate release in dmPFC-to-BLA synapses ameliorated ARS-induced anxiety-like behavior, strengthening the release increased in unstressed mice. Together, these findings suggest that acute stress causes short-lasting increase in anxiety-like behavior by facilitating synaptic transmission from the prefrontal cortex to the amygdala in a circuit-independent fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhu Liu
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institutes of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shou-He Huang
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institutes of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institutes of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Chun-Yan Wang
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institutes of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Han-Qing Pan
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institutes of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institutes of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bing-Xing Pan
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institutes of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Zhang
- Department of Biological Science, School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
- Laboratory of Fear and Anxiety Disorders, Institutes of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China.
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3
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Overnight Corticosterone and Gene Expression in Mouse Hippocampus: Time Course during Resting Period. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032828. [PMID: 36769150 PMCID: PMC9917930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to test the effect of an elevated level of glucocorticoids on the mouse hippocampal transcriptome after 12 h of treatment with corticosterone that was administered during an active phase of the circadian cycle. Additionally, we also tested the circadian changes in gene expression and the decay time of transcriptomic response to corticosterone. Gene expression was analyzed using microarrays. Obtained results show that transcriptomic responses to glucocorticoids are heterogeneous in terms of the decay time with some genes displaying persistent changes in expression during 9 h of rest. We have also found a considerable overlap between genes regulated by corticosterone and genes implicated previously in stress response. The examples of such genes are Acer2, Agt, Apod, Aqp4, Etnppl, Fabp7, Fam107a, Fjx1, Fmo2, Galnt15, Gjc2, Heph, Hes5, Htra1, Jdp2, Kif5a, Lfng, Lrg1, Mgp, Mt1, Pglyrp1, Pla2g3, Plin4, Pllp, Ptgds, Ptn, Slc2a1, Slco1c1, Sult1a1, Thbd and Txnip. This indicates that the applied model is a useful tool for the investigation of mechanisms underlying the stress response.
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van der Kooij MA, Rojas-Charry L, Givehchi M, Wolf C, Bueno D, Arndt S, Tenzer S, Mattioni L, Treccani G, Hasch A, Schmeisser MJ, Vianello C, Giacomello M, Methner A. Chronic social stress disrupts the intracellular redistribution of brain hexokinase 3 induced by shifts in peripheral glucose levels. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1441-1453. [PMID: 35943566 PMCID: PMC9470722 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Chronic stress has the potential to impair health and may increase the vulnerability for psychiatric disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that specific neurometabolic dysfunctions play a role herein. In mice, chronic social defeat (CSD) stress reduces cerebral glucose uptake despite hyperglycemia. We hypothesized that this metabolic decoupling would be reflected by changes in contact sites between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, important intracellular nutrient sensors, and signaling hubs. We thus analyzed the proteome of their biochemical counterparts, mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) from whole brain tissue obtained from CSD and control mice. This revealed a lack of the glucose-metabolizing enzyme hexokinase 3 (HK3) in MAMs from CSD mice. In controls, HK3 protein abundance in MAMs and also in striatal synaptosomes correlated positively with peripheral blood glucose levels, but this connection was lost in CSD. We conclude that the ability of HK3 to traffic to sites of need, such as MAMs or synapses, is abolished upon CSD and surmise that this contributes to a cellular dysfunction instigated by chronic stress.
Key messages Chronic social defeat (CSD) alters brain glucose metabolism CSD depletes hexokinase 3 (HK3) from mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs) CSD results in loss of positive correlation between blood glucose and HK3 in MAMs and synaptosomes
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liliana Rojas-Charry
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Maryam Givehchi
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, 55122, Germany
| | - Christina Wolf
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Diones Bueno
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Sabine Arndt
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Mattioni
- Institute of Anatomy, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Giulia Treccani
- Institute of Anatomy, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Annika Hasch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, 55122, Germany
| | - Michael J Schmeisser
- Institute of Anatomy, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany
| | - Caterina Vianello
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, 35121, Italy
| | | | - Axel Methner
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany.
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5
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Calpe-López C, Martínez-Caballero MA, García-Pardo MP, Aguilar MA. Resilience to the effects of social stress on vulnerability to developing drug addiction. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:24-58. [PMID: 35111578 PMCID: PMC8783163 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the still scarce but growing literature on resilience to the effects of social stress on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse. We define the concept of resilience and how it is applied to the field of drug addiction research. We also describe the internal and external protective factors associated with resilience, such as individual behavioral traits and social support. We then explain the physiological response to stress and how it is modulated by resilience factors. In the subsequent section, we describe the animal models commonly used in the study of resilience to social stress, and we focus on the effects of chronic social defeat (SD), a kind of stress induced by repeated experience of defeat in an agonistic encounter, on different animal behaviors (depression- and anxiety-like behavior, cognitive impairment and addiction-like symptoms). We then summarize the current knowledge on the neurobiological substrates of resilience derived from studies of resilience to the effects of chronic SD stress on depression- and anxiety-related behaviors in rodents. Finally, we focus on the limited studies carried out to explore resilience to the effects of SD stress on the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse, describing the current state of knowledge and suggesting future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria P García-Pardo
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Teruel 44003, Spain
| | - Maria A Aguilar
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
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Lu F, Zhu L, Jia X, Wang J, Mu P. Downregulated in renal carcinoma 1 (DRR1) mediates the differentiation of neural stem cells through transcriptional regulation. Neurosci Lett 2021; 756:135943. [PMID: 33965500 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Downregulated in renal carcinoma 1 (DRR1), also called family with sequence similarity 107, member A (FAM107A), is highly expressed in the nervous system. DRR1 has been found to be involved in neuronal survival, spine formation, and synaptic function. Recently, several studies have reported that DRR1 is expressed in neural stem cells (NSCs) and neural progenitor cells during the early stages of brain development. However, the mechanisms underlying the role and function of DRR1 in NSCs are poorly understood. To clarify the role of DRR1 in NSCs, we transfected DRR1 shRNA into primary NSCs and found that downregulation of DRR1 suppressed the differentiation of NSCs. To investigate the underlying mechanism in this case, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis was performed to identify the genes downstream of DRR1. Several genes, such as AHNAK, VAMP8, NOD1, and ACVR2B were identified to be downstream of DRR1 in NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjin Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ping Mu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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7
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Down-regulated in renal cell carcinoma 1 (DRR1) regulates axon outgrowth during hippocampal neuron development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 558:36-43. [PMID: 33895549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Down-regulated in renal cell carcinoma 1 (DRR1), a unique stress-induced protein, is highly expressed in the nervous system. This study investigated the roles of DRR1 in the brain by examining its expression pattern at different developmental stages of a rat brain and in cultured primary hippocampal neurons. High expression of DRR1 was observed in all developmental stages of a rat brain and cultured primary hippocampal neurons. We then focused on the role of DRR1 in promoting neurite outgrowth during the early stage of hippocampal neuron development. Results showed that down-regulation of DRR1 suppressed axon outgrowth. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that tropomodulin-2 (Tmod2) is a novel binding partner of DRR1. Our results showed that both DRR1 and Tmod2 mediate axon formation during the early stage of hippocampal neuron development. Suppression of TMOD2 expression rescued the abnormal axon outgrowth induced by DRR1 knockdown during the early stage of hippocampal neuron development.
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Herzog DP, Pascual Cuadrado D, Treccani G, Jene T, Opitz V, Hasch A, Lutz B, Lieb K, Sillaber I, van der Kooij MA, Tiwari VK, Müller MB. A distinct transcriptional signature of antidepressant response in hippocampal dentate gyrus granule cells. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:4. [PMID: 33414410 PMCID: PMC7791134 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is the most prevalent mental illness worldwide, still its pharmacological treatment is limited by various challenges, such as the large heterogeneity in treatment response and the lack of insight into the neurobiological pathways underlying this phenomenon. To decode the molecular mechanisms shaping antidepressant response and to distinguish those from general paroxetine effects, we used a previously established approach targeting extremes (i.e., good vs poor responder mice). We focused on the dentate gyrus (DG), a subregion of major interest in the context of antidepressant mechanisms. Transcriptome profiling on micro-dissected DG granule cells was performed to (i) reveal cell-type-specific changes in paroxetine-induced gene expression (paroxetine vs vehicle) and (ii) to identify molecular signatures of treatment response within a cohort of paroxetine-treated animals. We identified 112 differentially expressed genes associated with paroxetine treatment. The extreme group comparison (good vs poor responder) yielded 211 differentially expressed genes. General paroxetine effects could be distinguished from treatment response-associated molecular signatures, with a differential gene expression overlap of only 4.6% (15 genes). Biological pathway enrichment and cluster analyses identified candidate mechanisms associated with good treatment response, e.g., neuropeptide signaling, synaptic transmission, calcium signaling, and regulation of glucocorticoid secretion. Finally, we examined glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent regulation of selected response-associated genes to analyze a hypothesized interplay between GR signaling and good antidepressant treatment response. Among the most promising candidates, we suggest potential targets such as the developmental gene Otx2 or Htr2c for further investigations into antidepressant treatment response in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P. Herzog
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Diego Pascual Cuadrado
- grid.410607.4Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Giulia Treccani
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Institute of Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Jene
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Verena Opitz
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annika Hasch
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Beat Lutz
- grid.410607.4Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Michael A. van der Kooij
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vijay K. Tiwari
- grid.5802.f0000 0001 1941 7111Institute of Molecular Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Marianne B. Müller
- grid.410607.4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany ,grid.410607.4Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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9
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van der Kooij MA. The impact of chronic stress on energy metabolism. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 107:103525. [PMID: 32629109 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is exceptionally demanding in terms of energy metabolism. Approximately 20% of the calories consumed are devoted to our cerebral faculties, with the lion's share provided in the form of glucose. The brain's stringent energy dependency requires a high degree of harmonization between the elements responsible for supplying- and metabolizing energetic substrates. However, chronic stress may jeopardize this homeostatic energy balance by disruption of critical metabolic processes. In agreement, stress-related mental disorders have been linked with perturbations in energy metabolism. Prominent stress-induced metabolic alterations include the actions of hormones, glucose uptake and mitochondrial adjustments. Importantly, fundamental stress-responsive metabolic adjustments in humans and animal models bear a striking resemblance. Here, an overview is provided of key findings, demonstrating the pervasive impact of chronic stress on energy metabolism. Furthermore, I argue that medications, aimed primarily at restoring metabolic homeostasis, may constitute a novel approach to treat mental disorders.
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Herzog DP, Mellema RM, Remmers F, Lutz B, Müller MB, Treccani G. Sexually Dimorphic Behavioral Profile in a Transgenic Model Enabling Targeted Recombination in Active Neurons in Response to Ketamine and (2R,6R)-Hydroxynorketamine Administration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062142. [PMID: 32244978 PMCID: PMC7139539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rapid-acting antidepressants ketamine and (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine ((2R,6R)-HNK) have overcome some of the major limitations of classical antidepressants. However, little is known about sex-specific differences in the behavioral and molecular effects of ketamine and (2R,6R)-HNK in rodents. Methods: We treated mice with an intraperitoneal injection of either saline, ketamine (30 mg kg−1) or (2R,6R)-HNK (10 mg kg−1). We performed a comprehensive behavioral test battery to characterize the Arc-CreERT2 × CAG-Sun1/sfGFP mouse line which enables targeted recombination in active populations. We performed a molecular study in Arc-CreERT2 × CAG-Sun1/sfGFP female mice using both immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Results: Arc-CreERT2 × CAG-Sun1/sfGFP mice showed sex differences in sociability and anxiety tests. Moreover, ketamine and (2R,6R)-HNK had opposite effects in the forced swim test (FST) depending on gender. In addition, in male mice, ketamine-treated animals were less immobile compared to (2R,6R)-HNK, thus showing a different profile of the two drugs in the FST. At the molecular level we identified Bdnf mRNA level to be increased after ketamine treatment in female mice. Conclusion: Arc-CreERT2 × CAG-Sun1/sfGFP mice showed sex differences in social and anxiety behavior and a different pattern between ketamine and (2R,6R)-HNK in the FST in male and female mice. At the molecular level, female mice treated with ketamine showed an increase of Bdnf mRNA level, as previously observed in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P. Herzog
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.P.H.); (R.M.M.); (M.B.M.)
| | - Ratnadevi M. Mellema
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.P.H.); (R.M.M.); (M.B.M.)
| | - Floortje Remmers
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (F.R.); (B.L.)
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (F.R.); (B.L.)
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Marianne B. Müller
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.P.H.); (R.M.M.); (M.B.M.)
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Giulia Treccani
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (D.P.H.); (R.M.M.); (M.B.M.)
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)6131-39-21345
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11
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Ayash S, Schmitt U, Müller MB. Chronic social defeat-induced social avoidance as a proxy of stress resilience in mice involves conditioned learning. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 120:64-71. [PMID: 31634751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic social defeat (CSD)-induced social avoidance is considered to model a feature of stress-related mental dysfunction, while its absence has been used as a proxy of resilience in rodents. However, knowledge on the mechanisms shaping CSD-induced individual outcomes remains fragmentary. Fear conditioning has been described as a suitable model in humans for better understanding the pathophysiology of stress related mental disorders. We sought to explore the extent to which conditioned learning is involved in CSD-induced social avoidance. In experiment 1 (social avoidance specificity), C57BL/6 J male mice underwent CSD followed by a modified social interaction test offering the simultaneous choice between an unknown mouse from the aggressor's strain or a mouse from a different strain and phenotypic characteristics. In experiment 2 (social avoidance extinction), CSD-extinction sessions involving only the sensory phase of CSD were conducted on one group of defeated mice whereas a second group only received handling, followed by social interaction test with a novel mouse from the aggressor's strain. Our results provide evidence that CSD-induced social avoidance does not generalize to other phenotypic characteristics than those of the aggressors and can be successfully reversed during extinction training. Taken together, our findings strongly point to the involvement of conditioned learning in shaping CSD-induced social avoidance, a finding that is of interest to future studies into the neurobiology of resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ayash
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Hans-Dieter-Hüsch Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany; German Resilience Center (DRZ), Hans-Dieter-Hüsch Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Schmitt
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Hans-Dieter-Hüsch Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Hans-Dieter-Hüsch Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany; German Resilience Center (DRZ), Hans-Dieter-Hüsch Weg 19, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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Kretzschmar A, Schülke JP, Masana M, Dürre K, Müller MB, Bausch AR, Rein T. The Stress-Inducible Protein DRR1 Exerts Distinct Effects on Actin Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123993. [PMID: 30545002 PMCID: PMC6321462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoskeletal dynamics are pivotal to memory, learning, and stress physiology, and thus psychiatric diseases. Downregulated in renal cell carcinoma 1 (DRR1) protein was characterized as the link between stress, actin dynamics, neuronal function, and cognition. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we undertook a domain analysis of DRR1 and probed the effects on actin binding, polymerization, and bundling, as well as on actin-dependent cellular processes. Methods: DRR1 domains were cloned and expressed as recombinant proteins to perform in vitro analysis of actin dynamics (binding, bundling, polymerization, and nucleation). Cellular actin-dependent processes were analyzed in transfected HeLa cells with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and confocal microscopy. Results: DRR1 features an actin binding site at each terminus, separated by a coiled coil domain. DRR1 enhances actin bundling, the cellular F-actin content, and serum response factor (SRF)-dependent transcription, while it diminishes actin filament elongation, cell spreading, and actin treadmilling. We also provide evidence for a nucleation effect of DRR1. Blocking of pointed end elongation by addition of profilin indicates DRR1 as a novel barbed end capping factor. Conclusions: DRR1 impacts actin dynamics in several ways with implications for cytoskeletal dynamics in stress physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Kretzschmar
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
| | - Jan-Philip Schülke
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
| | - Mercè Masana
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Katharina Dürre
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E27, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Andreas R Bausch
- Lehrstuhl für Biophysik E27, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80805 München, Germany.
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Chronic social stress-induced hyperglycemia in mice couples individual stress susceptibility to impaired spatial memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E10187-E10196. [PMID: 30301805 PMCID: PMC6205456 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1804412115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-associated mental disorders and diabetes pose an enormous socio-economic burden. Glucose dysregulation occurs with both psychosocial and metabolic stress. While cognitive impairments are common in metabolic disorders such as diabetes and are accompanied by hyperglycemia, a causal role for glucose has not been established. We show that chronic social defeat (CSD) stress induces lasting peripheral and central hyperglycemia and impaired glucose metabolism in a subgroup of mice. Animals exhibiting hyperglycemia early post-CSD display spatial memory impairments that can be rescued by the antidiabetic empagliflozin. We demonstrate that individual stress vulnerability to glucose homeostasis can be identified early after insult and that stress-induced hyperglycemia directly impinges on cognitive integrity. Our findings further bridge the gap between stress-related pathologies and metabolic disorders. Stringent glucose demands render the brain susceptible to disturbances in the supply of this main source of energy, and chronic stress may constitute such a disruption. However, whether stress-associated cognitive impairments may arise from disturbed glucose regulation remains unclear. Here we show that chronic social defeat (CSD) stress in adult male mice induces hyperglycemia and directly affects spatial memory performance. Stressed mice developed hyperglycemia and impaired glucose metabolism peripherally as well as in the brain (demonstrated by PET and induced metabolic bioluminescence imaging), which was accompanied by hippocampus-related spatial memory impairments. Importantly, the cognitive and metabolic phenotype pertained to a subset of stressed mice and could be linked to early hyperglycemia 2 days post-CSD. Based on this criterion, ∼40% of the stressed mice had a high-glucose (glucose >150 mg/dL), stress-susceptible phenotype. The relevance of this biomarker emerges from the effects of the glucose-lowering sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin, because upon dietary treatment, mice identified as having high glucose demonstrated restored spatial memory and normalized glucose metabolism. Conversely, reducing glucose levels by empagliflozin in mice that did not display stress-induced hyperglycemia (resilient mice) impaired their default-intact spatial memory performance. We conclude that hyperglycemia developing early after chronic stress threatens long-term glucose homeostasis and causes spatial memory dysfunction. Our findings may explain the comorbidity between stress-related and metabolic disorders, such as depression and diabetes, and suggest that cognitive impairments in both types of disorders could originate from excessive cerebral glucose accumulation.
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