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Ren J, Lv C, Wang J. Association between triglyceride-glucose index and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study from NHANES. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39258. [PMID: 39121312 PMCID: PMC11315559 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the prevalence of depression in individuals with type 2 diabetes. A nationally representative sample of 3225 individuals with type 2 diabetes was enrolled in this study. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the TyG index and depression, adjusting for potential confounding factors. After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, congestive heart failure, and coronary heart disease, a significant positive association was found between the TyG index and the prevalence of depression in individuals with type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.21-1.95). Subgroup analyses showed consistent associations across various demographic and clinical subgroups. This study provides evidence of a significant independent positive association between the TyG index and the prevalence of depression in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaju Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Wang
- General Medicine Department, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, China
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2
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Moens de Hase E, Petitfils C, Alhouayek M, Depommier C, Le Faouder P, Delzenne NM, Van Hul M, Muccioli GG, Cenac N, Cani PD. Dysosmobacter welbionis effects on glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism are associated with specific bioactive lipids. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100437. [PMID: 37648213 PMCID: PMC10542644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The newly identified bacterium Dysosmobacter welbionis J115T improves host metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. To investigate mechanisms, we used targeted lipidomics to identify and quantify bioactive lipids produced by the bacterium in the culture medium, the colon, the brown adipose tissue (BAT), and the blood of mice. In vitro, we compared the bioactive lipids produced by D. welbionis J115T versus the probiotic strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917. D. welbionis J115T administration reduced body weight, fat mass gain, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. In vitro, 19 bioactive lipids were highly produced by D. welbionis J115T as compared to Escherichia coli Nissle 1917. In the plasma, 13 lipids were significantly changed by the bacteria. C18-3OH was highly present at the level of the bacteria, but decreased by HFD treatment in the plasma and normalized in D. welbionis J115T-treated mice. The metabolic effects were associated with a lower whitening of the BAT. In the BAT, HFD decreased the 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-γ) agonist increased by 700% in treated mice as compared to HFD-fed mice. Several genes controlled by PPAR-γ were upregulated in the BAT. In the colon, HFD-fed mice had a 60% decrease of resolvin D5, whereas D. welbionis J115T-treated mice exhibited a 660% increase as compared to HFD-fed mice. In a preliminary experiment, we found that D. welbionis J115T improves colitis. In conclusion, D. welbionis J115T influences host metabolism together with several bioactive lipids known as PPAR-γ agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Moens de Hase
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Camille Petitfils
- IRSD, INSERM, INRA, INP-ENVT, Toulouse University 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Mireille Alhouayek
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | | | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Giulio G Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Cenac
- IRSD, INSERM, INRA, INP-ENVT, Toulouse University 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; WELBIO-Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, WELBIO department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium; Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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Aukema HM, Ravandi A. Factors affecting variability in free oxylipins in mammalian tissues. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:91-98. [PMID: 36892958 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Along with the growing interest in oxylipins is an increasing awareness of multiple sources of variability in oxylipin data. This review summarizes recent findings that highlight the experimental and biological sources of variation in free oxylipins. RECENT FINDINGS Experimental factors that affect oxylipin variability include different methods of euthanasia, postmortem changes, cell culture reagents, tissue processing conditions and timing, storage losses, freeze-thaw cycles, sample preparation techniques, ion suppression, matrix effects, use and availability of oxylipin standards, and postanalysis procedures. Biological factors include dietary lipids, fasting, supplemental selenium, vitamin A deficiency, dietary antioxidants and the microbiome. Overt, but also more subtle differences in health affect oxylipin levels, including during resolution of inflammation and long-term recovery from disease. Sex, genetic variation, exposure to air pollution and chemicals found in food packaging and household and personal care products, as well as many pharmaceuticals used to treat health conditions also affect oxylipin levels. SUMMARY Experimental sources of oxylipin variability can be minimized with proper analytical procedures and protocol standardization. Fully characterizing study parameters will help delineate biological factors of variability, which are rich sources of information that can be used to probe oxylipin mechanisms of action and to investigate their roles in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold M Aukema
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre
- Precision Cardiovascular Medicine Group, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Precision Cardiovascular Medicine Group, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Lipid mediators generated by the cytochrome P450—Epoxide hydrolase pathway. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:327-373. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Wang L, Liu T, Guo J, Zhao T, Tang H, Jin K, Li L, Xue Y, Yang R, Chen J, Tang M. Abnormal erythrocyte fatty acid composition in first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with depression. J Affect Disord 2022; 318:414-422. [PMID: 36113689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The correlation between fatty acids (FAs) and depression is not yet conclusive. This study examined the relationship of FAs composition with the presence and clinical characteristics of first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with depression. METHODS A total of 139 first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with depression and 55 healthy controls (HCs) were included in the cross-sectional study. The levels of erythrocyte membrane FAs were compared and then the correlation between clinical symptoms and fatty acid levels in depression was investigated. RESULTS Compared to HCs, patients with depression had higher C18:1n9t (z = -2.033, p = 0.042), C20:4n6 (z = -2.104, p = 0.035), C20:3n6 (z = -2.104, p = 0.035) and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (z = -2.127, p = 0.033), whereas the levels of C18:1n9c (z = -3.348, p = 0.001) were significantly lower. Higher C20:3n6, C20:4n6, C18:1n9t and n-6 PUFAs levels were associated with higher severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with depression, and the correlation remained after adjusting for the related confounding factors (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with first-diagnosed, drug-naïve depression show abnormal erythrocyte fatty acid composition. Trans fatty acids (TFAs) and n-6 PUFAs levels are closely related to clinical characteristics of depression. This study indicated that increased n-6 PUFAs and TFAs are characteristic changes of first-diagnosed, drug-naïve depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders and Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jimin Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Tingyu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hui Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Jin
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Li Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Mimi Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Is depression the missing link between inflammatory mediators and cancer? Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108293. [PMID: 36216210 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Patients with cancer are at greater risk of developing depression in comparison to the general population and this is associated with serious adverse effects, such as poorer quality of life, worse prognosis and higher mortality. Although the relationship between depression and cancer is now well established, a common underlying pathophysiological mechanism between the two conditions is yet to be elucidated. Existing theories of depression, based on monoamine neurotransmitter system dysfunction, are insufficient as explanations of the disorder. Recent advances have implicated neuroinflammatory mechanisms in the etiology of depression and it has been demonstrated that inflammation at a peripheral level may be mirrored centrally in astrocytes and microglia serving to promote chronic levels of inflammation in the brain. Three major routes to depression in cancer in which proinflammatory mediators are implicated, seem likely. Activation of the kynurenine pathway involving cytokines, increases tryptophan catabolism, resulting in diminished levels of serotonin which is widely acknowledged as being the hallmark of depression. It also results in neurotoxic effects on brain regions thought to be involved in the evolution of major depression. Proinflammatory mediators also play a crucial role in impairing regulatory glucocorticoid mediated feedback of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which is activated by stress and considered to be involved in both depression and cancer. The third route is via the glutamatergic pathway, whereby glutamate excitotoxicity may lead to depression associated with cancer. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these dysregulated and other newly emerging pathways may provide a rationale for therapeutic targeting, serving to improve the care of cancer patients.
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Nguyen N, Morisseau C, Li D, Yang J, Lam E, Woodside DB, Hammock BD, Shih PAB. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Is Associated with Postprandial Anxiety Decrease in Healthy Adult Women. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11798. [PMID: 36233100 PMCID: PMC9569757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of bioactive oxylipins by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) plays an important role in inflammation, and sEH may be a risk modifier in various human diseases and disorders. The relationships that sEH has with the risk factors of these diseases remain elusive. Herein, sEH protein expression and activity in white blood cells were characterized before and after a high-fat meal in healthy women (HW) and women with anorexia nervosa (AN). sEH expression and sEH activity were significantly correlated and increased in both groups two hours after consumption of the study meal. Fasting sEH expression and activity were positively associated with body mass index (BMI) in both groups, while an inverse association with age was found in AN only (p value < 0.05). sEH was not associated with anxiety or depression in either group at the fasting timepoint. While the anxiety score decreased after eating in both groups, a higher fasting sEH was associated with a lower postprandial anxiety decrease in HW (p value < 0.05). sEH characterization using direct measurements verified the relationship between the protein expression and in vivo activity of this important oxylipin modulator, while a well-controlled food challenge study design using HW and a clinical control group of women with disordered eating elucidated sEH’s role in the health of adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhien Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dongyang Li
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Eileen Lam
- Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - D. Blake Woodside
- Centre for Mental Health, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Pei-an Betty Shih
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
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Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase and Diabetes Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116232. [PMID: 35682911 PMCID: PMC9180978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can result in microvascular complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, and cerebral small vessel disease, and contribute to macrovascular complications, such as heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, and large vessel stroke. T2DM also increases the risks of depression and dementia for reasons that remain largely unclear. Perturbations in the cytochrome P450-soluble epoxide hydrolase (CYP-sEH) pathway have been implicated in each of these diabetes complications. Here we review evidence from the clinical and animal literature suggesting the involvement of the CYP-sEH pathway in T2DM complications across organ systems, and highlight possible mechanisms (e.g., inflammation, fibrosis, mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum stress, the unfolded protein response and autophagy) that may be relevant to the therapeutic potential of the pathway. These mechanisms may be broadly relevant to understanding, preventing and treating microvascular complications affecting the brain and other organ systems in T2DM.
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Shan J, Hashimoto K. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase as a Therapeutic Target for Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094951. [PMID: 35563342 PMCID: PMC9099663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been found that soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH; encoded by the EPHX2 gene) in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) plays a key role in inflammation, which, in turn, plays a part in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. Meanwhile, epoxy fatty acids such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (EEQs), and epoxyeicosapentaenoic acids (EDPs) have been found to exert neuroprotective effects in animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders through potent anti-inflammatory actions. Soluble expoxide hydrolase, an enzyme present in all living organisms, metabolizes epoxy fatty acids into the corresponding dihydroxy fatty acids, which are less active than the precursors. In this regard, preclinical findings using sEH inhibitors or Ephx2 knock-out (KO) mice have indicated that the inhibition or deficiency of sEH can have beneficial effects in several models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, this review discusses the current findings of the role of sEH in neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and stroke, as well as the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of sEH inhibitors.
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sEH-derived metabolites of linoleic acid drive pathologic inflammation while impairing key innate immune cell function in burn injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2120691119. [PMID: 35312372 PMCID: PMC9060469 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120691119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins alter immune cell function and potentially drive pathophysiology in burn and sepsis patients. Past and recent data reveal a correlation between increased systemic EpOME levels and reduced survival in human burn trauma and sepsis. This work extends these studies and provides evidence that the downstream sEH-derived metabolites, DiHOMEs, are driving worsening outcomes by altering the immune response. Inhibiting DiHOME metabolite formation with the sEH inhibitor, 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), restored immune function by increasing immune cell survival and function. These data support the hypothesis that sEH-derived linoleic acid diols are responsible for increased mortality in burn and sepsis patients and also provide a rationale for testing the therapeutic blockage of DiHOME generation in burn and sepsis patients to improve their outcomes. Fatty acid composition in the Western diet has shifted from saturated to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and specifically to linoleic acid (LA, 18:2), which has gradually increased in the diet over the past 50 y to become the most abundant dietary fatty acid in human adipose tissue. PUFA-derived oxylipins regulate a variety of biological functions. The cytochrome P450 (CYP450)–formed epoxy fatty acid metabolites of LA (EpOMEs) are hydrolyzed by the soluble epoxide hydrolase enzyme (sEH) to dihydroxyoctadecenoic acids (DiHOMEs). DiHOMEs are considered cardioprotective at low concentrations but at higher levels have been implicated as vascular permeability and cytotoxic agents and are associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in severe COVID-19 patients. High EpOME levels have also correlated with sepsis-related fatalities; however, those studies failed to monitor DiHOME levels. Considering the overlap of burn pathophysiology with these pathologies, the role of DiHOMEs in the immune response to burn injury was investigated. 12,13-DiHOME was found to facilitate the maturation and activation of stimulated neutrophils, while impeding monocyte and macrophage functionality and cytokine generation. In addition, DiHOME serum concentrations were significantly elevated in burn-injured mice and these increases were ablated by administration of 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU), a sEH inhibitor. TPPU also reduced necrosis of innate and adaptive immune cells in burned mice, in a dose-dependent manner. The findings suggest DiHOMEs are a key driver of immune cell dysfunction in severe burn injury through hyperinflammatory neutrophilic and impaired monocytic actions, and inhibition of sEH might be a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate deleterious outcomes in burn patients.
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Nguyen MM, Perlman G, Kim N, Wu CY, Daher V, Zhou A, Mathers EH, Anita NZ, Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N, Pakosh M, Swardfager W. Depression in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of blood inflammatory markers. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 134:105448. [PMID: 34687965 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of depression is higher among people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Individually, both conditions are associated with systemic inflammation. This study aimed to summarize the clinical data comparing peripheral inflammatory markers in blood between people with T2DM, with and without comorbid depression. From 2187 records, we identified 20 original peer-reviewed articles from which blood inflammatory marker concentrations could be combined and compared between people with T2DM and comorbid depression (D) vs. no depression (ND) as standardized mean differences (SMD) in random effects meta-analysis. Concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP; ND/NND = 1742/15244, SMD = 0.31 95% confidence interval [0.16, 0.45], Z16 = 4.03, p < 0.01; I2 = 84.0%) and interleukin-6 (IL-6; ND/NND = 677/4349, SMD = 0.17 [0.04, 0.30], Z4 = 2.58, p = 0.01; I2 = 48.1%), were higher, and concentrations of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF; ND/NND = 358/1512, SMD = -0.37 95% confidence interval [-0.64,-0.10], Z2 = -2.68, p = 0.01; I2 = 61.2%) were lower, among those with depression. Depression in T2DM was associated with systemic inflammation and lower peripheral blood BDNF concentrations. Inconsistency between studies suggests the need to explore further population heterogeneity and pathophysiological elements. PROSPERO (CRD42020188509).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Nguyen
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada; Sleep and Cardiopulmonary Program, University Health Network - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 347 Rumsey Road, Toronto M4G 2V6, Canada
| | - George Perlman
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada; Sleep and Cardiopulmonary Program, University Health Network - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 347 Rumsey Road, Toronto M4G 2V6, Canada
| | - Nakyung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Che-Yuan Wu
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Valerie Daher
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Angela Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Emily H Mathers
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Natasha Z Anita
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada; Sleep and Cardiopulmonary Program, University Health Network - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 347 Rumsey Road, Toronto M4G 2V6, Canada
| | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada; Sleep and Cardiopulmonary Program, University Health Network - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 347 Rumsey Road, Toronto M4G 2V6, Canada
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Maureen Pakosh
- Library & Information Services, University Health Network - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto M5S 1A8, Canada; Sleep and Cardiopulmonary Program, University Health Network - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 347 Rumsey Road, Toronto M4G 2V6, Canada.
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Abstract
Evidence suggests that around 30 % of patients with depression do not respond to antidepressant treatment, with most of them having sub-chronic levels of inflammation. Soluble epoxide hydrolases (sEH) are enzymes present in all living organisms, which metabolize cytochrome P (CYP)-derived epoxy fatty acids to their corresponding diols. Accumulating evidence suggests that sEH plays a key role in the anti-inflammatory properties exerted by the metabolism of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs). Crucial evidence demonstrates that protein expression of sEH in the brain of mice experiencing depressive-like behaviour, as well as in patients with major depressive disorder is higher than in controls. Of note, treatment with sEH inhibitors exert anti-inflammatory, neurogenic and antidepressant-like effects in pre-clinical models of depression. In this review, the author discusses the role of sEH in the metabolism of ω-3 PUFAs in the context of depression, and the clinical value of sEH inhibitors as alternative therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Borsini
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, UK
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Sikka P, Behl T, Sharma S, Sehgal A, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Singh S, Sharma N, Aleya L. Exploring the therapeutic potential of omega-3 fatty acids in depression. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:43021-43034. [PMID: 34121162 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids have been acknowledged for their number of holdings on an individual's health. Not only in physical valuation but also in managing psychiatric disorders, omega-3 fatty acids have been found to be a powerful formula. It is proclaimed that depressive patients suffer anomaly with the levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the body, coupled with insignificant EPA and DHA. Enhancement in brain functioning, neuronal functions, and paying attention in interacting with the brain cells are some of the additional tasks, being performed by the supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids. The leading and primary source via dietary supplementation involves the involvement of fish and fish products. These are hypothesized to be the best and dominant source for omega-3 fatty acids. Consumption of omega-3 fatty acid is well safe, that physician highly favors intake of these supplements, remarkably in the case of pregnant women. However, treating this serious life-threatening mental disorder leads to many adverse effects when treated with antidepressants. The dose range includes 1g/d to 10g/d, which is to be incorporated by the patient. It is also tested that the combination of EPA and DHA is found to be more efficacious for a person in treating and preventing depressive symptoms. Some studies verify the supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids in diet was coequally productive and successful with minimal side effects when analyzed with antidepressants. Despite these facts, much research is still needed and presently in process for long-term safety and studying the role of omega-3 fatty acids in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanshi Sikka
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Sanchay Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
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