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Lupu D, Tiganasu R. Does education influence COVID-19 vaccination? A global view. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24709. [PMID: 38314273 PMCID: PMC10837567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
After the recent hard attempts felt on a global scale, notably in the health sector, the steady efforts of scientists have been materialized in maybe one of the most expected findings of the last decades, i.e. the launching of the COVID-19 vaccines. Although it is not our goal to plead for vaccination, as the decision in this regard is a matter of individual choice, we believe it is necessary and enlightening to analyze how one's educational status interferes with COVID-19 vaccination. There are discrepancies between world states vis-à-vis their well-being and their feedback to crises, and from the collection of features that can segregate the states in handling vaccination, in this paper, the spotlight is on education. We are referring to this topic because, generally, researches converge rather on the linkage between economic issues and COVID-19 vaccination, while education levels are less tackled in relation to this. To notice the weight of each type of education (primary, secondary, tertiary) in this process, we employ an assortment of statistical methods, for three clusters: 45 low-income countries (LICs), 72 middle-income countries (MICs) and 53 high-income countries (HICs). The estimates suggest that education counts in the COVID-19 vaccination, the tertiary one having the greatest meaning in accepting it. It is also illustrated that the imprint of education on vaccination fluctuates across the country groups scrutinized, with HICs recording the upper rates. The heterogeneity of COVID-19 vaccination-related behaviors should determine health authorities to treat this subject differently. To expand the COVID-19 vaccines uptake, they should be in an ongoing dialogue with all population categories and, remarkably, with those belonging to vulnerable communities, originated mostly in LICs. Education is imperative for vaccination, and it would ought to be on the schedule of any state, for being assimilated into health strategies and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lupu
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Romania, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Romania
| | - Ramona Tiganasu
- "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Faculty of Law, Centre for European Studies, Romania
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Liang Y, Zhu Q, Yang Y, Gu X, Yan Y, Gu J, Huang J. The Underlying Structure of Preventive Behaviors and Related Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Network Analysis. Ann Behav Med 2024; 58:205-215. [PMID: 38284623 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaad073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various strategies against COVID-19 have been adopted in different countries, with vaccination and mask-wearing being widely used as self-preventive interventions. However, the underlying structure of these behaviors and related factors remain unclear. PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to explore the network structure of preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and their underlying factors, incorporating age and sex in the network. METHODS We used a multi-center sample of 20,863 adults who were vaccinated against COVID-19 in China between April 1, 2021, and June 1, 2021. Networks were estimated using unregularized partial correlation models. We also estimated the accuracy and stability of the network. RESULTS The preventive behaviors related to network factors revealed that self-initiated vaccination was more connected with cognition factors, and mask-wearing was more connected with personal profiles. The two clusters were linked through information-seeking and political beliefs. Moreover, self-initiated vaccination was negatively connected with vaccine hesitancy and concerns about COVID-19 vaccines and positively connected with trust in the vaccines, pandemic-related altruism, political beliefs, and being married. Mask-wearing was negatively connected with being a professional/white collar worker and higher education level and positively connected with regular physical examination, self-rated health, migration, being married, and better family relationships. Incorporation of age and sex into the network revealed relevant associations between age and mask-wearing and age and self-initiated vaccination. The network was highly accurately estimated. The subset bootstrap showed that the order of node strength centrality, betweenness, and closeness were all stable. The correlation stability coefficient (CS-coefficient) also showed the stability of this estimate, with 0.75 for node strength, 0.75 for betweenness, and 0.67 for closeness. CONCLUSIONS The internal structures of vaccination and mask-wearing behaviors were quite different, the latter of which were mainly affected by socioeconomic status and health-related behaviors and the former by knowledge about vaccines and political beliefs. Information-seeking and family relationships were the bridge factors connecting these two self-preventive behavior clusters, suggesting the direction of future efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Department of Fundamental Nursing, School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gu
- Department of Community Health, Xidu Community Health Service Center of Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuge Yan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gu
- Department of General Practition, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Practition, Zhongshan Hospital International Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaoling Huang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhao H, Zhang R, Chen Y. The Influencing Role of Cultural Values on Attitudes of the Chinese Public Towards Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the Control of COVID-19. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:3589-3605. [PMID: 38169962 PMCID: PMC10759415 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s443713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for disease prevention and healthcare has been strongly supported by the Chinese government in recent years, but public perception of TCM remains controversial or resistant, especially in preventing and treating COVID-19. It is therefore crucial to understand the factors that influence public attitudes. Methods By applying a measure of attitudes towards TCM in epidemic prevention, this study conducted a nationwide survey (n=1192) on the relationships between attitudes towards TCM for the control of COVID-19 and trust, perceptions of risk, scientific literacy, policy endorsement, and cultural values. Results The results of the study showed surprisingly that scientific literacy and risk perception did not dominate the Chinese public's attitudes towards TCM for the control of COVID-19. Meanwhile, egalitarianism, policy endorsement, trust in scientist and healthcare personnel played a positive role. Moreover, egalitarianism positively regulates the relationship between trust in scientist and attitudes towards TCM epidemic prevention and control, while collectivism negatively regulates the relationship of the preceding variables. Conclusion All these findings suggest that attitudes towards the use of TCM are not based on rational cognition and logical reasoning, but are mainly influenced by emotional and cultural factors. This study will help researchers and practitioners understand the importance of cultural values, trust, policy endorsement, and attitudes towards TCM epidemic prevention and control to TCM's use in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajian Zhao
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215127, People’s Republic of China
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Patwary MM, Disha AS, Hasan M, Bardhan M, Hasan M, Tuhi FI, Rahim SJ, Newaz MN, Imran SA, Haque MZ, Hossain MR, Kabir MP, Swed S. Integrating health belief model and theory of planned behavior to assess COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among urban slum people in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290412. [PMID: 38117841 PMCID: PMC10732453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been identified as a promising strategy to reduce the severity of the pandemic. Despite the safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines, bringing socioeconomically disadvantaged people under vaccination coverage has been challenging for developing countries like Bangladesh. Therefore, this study explored the determinants of vaccine acceptance among urban slum residents of Bangladesh using the Health Belief Model (HBM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). METHODS A face-to-face survey of 400 urban slum dwellers in two large cities in Bangladesh was conducted between July 5 to August 5, 2021. The questionnaire included vaccine acceptance, socio-demographics, health-related characteristics, trust in health authorities, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and dimensions of HBM and TPB frameworks. Hierarchical logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between these characteristics and vaccination acceptance. RESULTS Around 82% (n = 327) of respondents were willing to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. In a fully adjusted model, respondents with secondary level education had higher intention (OR = 46.93, 95%CI = 1.21-1807.90, p < 0. 05) to accept COVID-19 vaccine. Respondents with bad (OR = 0.11, 95%CI = 0.01-0.35, p<0.05) or very bad (OR = 0.01, 95%CI = 0.01-0.35, p<0.05) health conditions were less interested in the COVID-19 vaccination. In regard to HBM dimensions, greater perceived susceptibility (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.12-2.75, p < 0.05), and perceived benefits (OR = 3.28, 95% CI = 1.17-6.00, p < 0.001) were associated with a greater willingness to get vaccinated. In regard to TPB, higher self-efficacy in preventing illness without the vaccine increased the desire to get vaccinated (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.02-2.37, p < 0.05). Fear of unknown side effects, religious beliefs, contraindications to vaccination, and insufficient information on the vaccine were the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers in Bangladesh to design targeted interventions that address vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccination acceptability among socially disadvantaged individuals in urban areas. Strategies should focus on providing accurate and accessible information about the vaccine, communicating its positive impact effectively, engaging with religious leaders to address misconceptions, and tailoring vaccination campaigns to meet the unique needs of different demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Safia Disha
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahadi Hasan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Mondira Bardhan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Faiza Imam Tuhi
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sama Jamila Rahim
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Navid Newaz
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sardar Al Imran
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Development Studies Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Zahidul Haque
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Riad Hossain
- Institute of Disaster Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md Pervez Kabir
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
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Bosankic-Cmajcanin N, Musa S, Draganovic S. In the Face of a Pandemic: "I Felt the Same as When the War Started"-A Qualitative Study on COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1606411. [PMID: 37901591 PMCID: PMC10603202 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To conduct qualitative study with different target groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to explore their views on barriers and drivers for COVID-19 vaccination, and to see if and how barriers and drivers vary between urban and rural locations, and different professional roles. Methods: The theoretical framework underpinning the study is the capability-opportunity-motivation (COM-B) behavior change framework, which has been adapted to monitor vaccine related behavior and attitudes. Data was collected from June to September 2022 through moderated discussions in focus groups. The total of 162 participants participated in 16 focus groups. Results: Among the key barriers to successful immunization identified across target groups were insufficient knowledge about vaccines, pandemic fatigue, concerns about the rapid development of the vaccine and its effectiveness, lack of confidence in the healthcare system. Some of the main drivers of vaccination against COVID-19 were confidence in science and expert recommendations. Conclusion: The COVID-19 immunization policy undergoes continuous changes, as do the pandemic prospects; we encourage further research to track the evolution of vaccine related attitudes, inform immunization policy, and create evidence-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjin Musa
- Public Health Institute of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Selvira Draganovic
- Psychology Program, International University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Ibrahim FM, Fadila DE, Elmawla DAEA. Older adults' acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine: Application of the health belief model. Nurs Open 2023; 10:6989-7002. [PMID: 37485792 PMCID: PMC10495744 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among older adults and the factors that independently predict vaccine acceptance using the Health Belief Model (HBM). DESIGN This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. METHODS Consenting older adults aged 60 years and older (n = 384) from Primary Health Care Centers in rural and urban areas of Mansoura District, Egypt, who could interact adequately with researchers participated in the study. The data were collected through an electronic questionnaire that included socio-demographic data, health-related characteristics, and health beliefs based on the HBM framework. RESULTS Overall, 46.9% were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 19.5% declined, and 33.6% were undecided. Higher perceptions of COVID-19 severity, vaccine benefits, and action cues were associated with vaccine acceptance (p = 0.05). PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Vaccination campaigns that highlight the benefits of immunization should be prioritized by policymakers. In addition, vaccinated peoples should use social media to spread awareness about the advantages and challenges of vaccination. Nurse leaders should apply the HBM to forecast health-related behaviors, especially vaccination attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M. Ibrahim
- Gerontological Nursing, Faculty of NursingMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
| | - Doaa E Fadila
- Gerontological Nursing, Faculty of NursingMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
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Man SS, Wen H, Zhao L, So BCL. Role of Trust, Risk Perception, and Perceived Benefit in COVID-19 Vaccination Intention of the Public. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2589. [PMID: 37761786 PMCID: PMC10530888 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination is an effective method for dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. This study proposed and validated a theoretical intention model for explaining the COVID-19 vaccination intention (CVI) of the public. The theoretical intention model incorporated trust in vaccines, two types of risk perception (risk perception of COVID-19 and risk perception of COVID-19 vaccination), and perceived benefit into a theory of planned behavior (TPB). Structural equation modeling was utilized to test the theoretical intention model with data collected from 816 Chinese adults in China. The results confirmed the crucial role of trust in vaccines, risk perception, and perceived benefit in shaping the CVI of the public. In addition, TPB was found to be applicable in a research context. The theoretical intention model accounted for 78.8% of the variance in CVI. Based on the findings, several practical recommendations for improving COVID-19 vaccination rates were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu-Shing Man
- School of Design, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (S.-S.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Huiying Wen
- School of Design, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (S.-S.M.); (H.W.)
| | - Ligao Zhao
- Guangzhou Huadu Huacheng Community Health Service Centre, Guangzhou 510810, China;
| | - Billy Chun-Lung So
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Chung SJ, Han K, Kim C, Kim J. Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in South Korea: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2023; 25:332-340. [PMID: 37497789 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination against COVID-19 has been promoted as a way to protect oneself and others from infection. To ensure the comprehensive acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, the factors that affect COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy should be examined. This study aimed to identify the factors that affect COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among Korean adults, focusing on COVID-19 knowledge and attitudes toward vaccination. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 2286 Korean adults aged 20-64 years. Demographic characteristics, knowledge regarding COVID-19, and attitudes toward vaccination were assessed. A generalized linear model with Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy. Approximately 67% of the COVID-19 knowledge-related questions were correctly answered. A neutral attitude toward vaccination and relatively low vaccination hesitancy were found. COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy was affected by individuals' attitudes toward vaccination, as well as their gender and age, but not by their knowledge. Interventions or policies considering gender and age could be helpful in reducing COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy. Strategies to disseminate more accurate and novel information related to the COVID-19 vaccines should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kihye Han
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chaehee Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Ma M, Raza SH, Yousaf M, Zaman U, Jin Q. Investigating the Psychological, Social, Cultural, and Religious Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Intention in Digital Age: A Media Dependency Theory Perspective. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1338. [PMID: 37631906 PMCID: PMC10459558 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Media exposure to health communication contents related to the COVID-19 pandemic alone is inadequate to measure the influence of media on individuals in adopting precautionary behaviors against COVID-19, such as vaccine uptake. Certain individuals may pay attention to and be influenced by communication content. However, literature has suggested other instrumental determinants in developing and adopting health precautionary measures, such as culture or religion, especially regarding vaccination. In times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, it is valuable to examine the interrelationships among psychological, sociocultural, and informational factors. This can provide valuable insights for policymakers in developing effective communication strategies. Drawing an analogy between the Media dependency theory (MDT) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model, this study unravels the factors underpinning the COVID-19 vaccine uptake intention among Pakistanis. The study utilized a cross-sectional research design and employed a survey method to gather data from a sample of 993 participants. The findings obtained from the PLS-SEM analysis confirmed that individuals relied on both traditional and social media to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that individuals rely more on the informational content disseminated through conventional media channels. The findings also suggest that individuals from Asian countries, such as Pakistan, tend to be more inclined toward collectivism. The findings about the moderating role of religiosity suggest that religious beliefs significantly shape individuals' reliance on traditional media. Hence, this study has uniquely contributed to public health and media management by providing a strategy for managers to address disseminating misinformation related to religion and its impact on vaccination-related health issues. The study has theoretically confirmed the principles of media dependency theory. As a result, it is recommended that various information sources be utilized to cultivate resilience among individuals to manage health crises effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Ma
- School of Journalism and Communication, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Syed Hassan Raza
- Institute of Media and Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- Centre for Media and Communication Studies, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan;
| | - Umer Zaman
- Endicott College of International Studies, Woosong University, Daejeon 34606, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Jin
- Intercultural Communication Research Center, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China;
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Biella M, Orrù G, Ciacchini R, Conversano C, Marazziti D, Gemignani A. Anti-Vaccination Attitude and Vaccination Intentions Against Covid-19: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study Investigating the Role of Media Consumption. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2023; 20:252-263. [PMID: 37791084 PMCID: PMC10544246 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20230404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective The present study explores, retrospectively, the link between anti-vaccination attitude and vaccination intentions and extends this relationship to the effect of media consumption style on attitude. Method Generalized linear mixed-models were used to estimate vaccination intentions (related to each of the four available vaccines at the time of the survey) relying on anti-vaccination attitude measured using the Italian translation of the Vaccination Attitude Examination (VAX) scale. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate which media type and which consumption frequency were responsible for variation in the anti-vaccination attitude. Results Greater anti-vaccination attitude led to lower vaccination intention (b=-8.33, p<.0001) confirming the attitude-intention link. Crucially, consuming vaccination related information via printed press weekly (b=-0.74, p=.0001) or daily (b=-0.96, p<.0001) were the only protective factors against developing anti-vaccination attitudes. On the other hand, discussing vaccination with the family physician weekly (b=0.66, p=.002) or even daily (b=0.52, p=.026), and actively looking for vaccination related information on specialized websites and blogs every day (b=0.64, t=2.78, p=.006) were risk factors related to increased anti-vaccination attitude. No effects of social media on anti-vaccination attitude were found. Conclusions The results confirm that vaccination intentions can be linked to the underlying anti-vaccination attitude. Moreover, our results suggest that the web and the blog sphere, but not social media, are the most anti-vaccination fuelling media and that health practitioners engage with the most vaccination-hesitant individuals. Further interventions could leverage these insights to tackle the vaccination hesitancy issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Biella
- Psychology Institute, Heidelberg University, Haupt Str. 47, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi 10 Pisa, Italy
| | - Graziella Orrù
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi 10 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rebecca Ciacchini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi 10 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ciro Conversano
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi 10 Pisa, Italy
| | - Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Gemignani
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi 10 Pisa, Italy
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Angerer S, Glätzle-Rützler D, Lergetporer P, Rittmannsberger T. How does the vaccine approval procedure affect COVID-19 vaccination intentions? EUROPEAN ECONOMIC REVIEW 2023; 158:104504. [PMID: 37360583 PMCID: PMC10246308 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2023.104504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
People's willingness to vaccinate is critical to combating the COVID-19 pandemic. We devise a representative experiment to study how the design of the vaccine approval procedure affects trust in newly developed vaccines and consequently public attitudes towards vaccination. Compared to an Emergency Use Authorization, choosing the more thorough Conditional Marketing Authorization approval procedure increases vaccination intentions by 13 percentage points. The effects of the increased duration of the approval procedure are positive and significant only for Emergency Use Authorization. Treatment effects do not differ between relevant subgroups, such as respondents who had (did not have) COVID-19, or between vaccinated and unvaccinated respondents. Increased trust in the vaccine is the key mediator of treatment effects on vaccination intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Angerer
- UMIT TIROL, Private University for Health Sciences and Health Technology, Hall in Tirol
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12
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Lepinteur A, Borga LG, Clark AE, Vögele C, D'Ambrosio C. Risk aversion and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2023. [PMID: 37146156 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We here investigate the role of risk aversion in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The theoretical effect is ambiguous, as both COVID-19 infection and vaccination side-effects involve probabilistic elements. In large-scale data covering five European countries, we find that vaccine hesitancy falls with risk aversion, so that COVID-19 infection is perceived as involving greater risk than is vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Lepinteur
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | | | - Andrew E Clark
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Paris School of Economics - CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Claus Vögele
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Conchita D'Ambrosio
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Limbu YB, Gautam RK. How Well the Constructs of Health Belief Model Predict Vaccination Intention: A Systematic Review on COVID-19 Primary Series and Booster Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040816. [PMID: 37112728 PMCID: PMC10141697 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review synthesizes the findings of quantitative studies examining the relationships between Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs and COVID-19 vaccination intention. We searched PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and identified 109 eligible studies. The overall vaccination intention rate was 68.19%. Perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action were the three most frequently demonstrated predictors of vaccination intention for both primary series and booster vaccines. For booster doses, the influence of susceptibility slightly increased, but the impact of severity, self-efficacy, and cues to action on vaccination intention declined. The impact of susceptibility increased, but severity's effect declined sharply from 2020 to 2022. The influence of barriers slightly declined from 2020 to 2021, but it skyrocketed in 2022. Conversely, the role of self-efficacy dipped in 2022. Susceptibility, severity, and barriers were dominant predictors in Saudi Arabia, but self-efficacy and cues to action had weaker effects in the USA. Susceptibility and severity had a lower impact on students, especially in North America, and barriers had a lower impact on health care workers. However, cues to action and self-efficacy had a dominant influence among parents. The most prevalent modifying variables were age, gender, education, income, and occupation. The results show that HBM is useful in predicting vaccine intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yam B Limbu
- Feliciano School of Business, Montclair State University, 1 Normal Ave., Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Rajesh K Gautam
- Department of Anthropology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar 470003, MP, India
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14
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Zhang R, Yan J, Jia H, Luo X, Lin J, Liu Q. Nationalism, conspiracy theories and vaccine mandates: Exploring the statism determinants for attitudes to COVID-19 control in China. Vaccine X 2023; 13:100263. [PMID: 36683778 PMCID: PMC9847324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction China's loosening its COVID-19 controls highlighted its insufficiency in vaccination protection. Mandatory vaccination might be necessary if the gap cannot be filled over a short time. However, few studies have explored how Chinese people view the COVID-19 vaccine mandates, let alone placing such views in the country's highly politicized context. Material and methods The current study utilizes data from a national survey adopting quota sampling to analyze the Chinese public's medical and non-medical considerations when judging compulsory COVID-19 vaccination (n = 1,523). The survey was conducted between 1 and 8 April 2021. All adults aged 18 years and older were eligible to take part. The survey included sociodemographic details, perceived susceptibility to infection, perceived vaccine benefit, attitudes to vaccination policies, nationalism, beliefs in various conspiracy theories and science literacy. Multiple regression analyses were done to examine factors associated with the attitude to COVID-19 vaccine mandates. Results The study reveals that personal risk and benefit perceptions did not dominate the Chinese public's attitude toward vaccination mandates. Instead, nationalism was relatively strongly associated with their willingness to accept mandatory vaccination. Contrary to studies in the West, various conspiracy beliefs and conspiratorial thinking were robustly related to the support for mandatory vacciniation. Science literacy didn't link to the attitude to vaccination mandates. It only had a weak moderating effect on the influence of conspiratorial thinking on attitudes to the vaccination policies. Conclusions The results indicated that Chinese people's attitude to the COVID-19 vaccination policy is highly politicized and influenced by conspiracy theories. Given the potentially massive impacts of the COVID-19 infection, we need to educate the Chinese public with more medically valuable and relevant information to help them make sound decisions regarding vaccination. Meanwhile, we can adopt nationalistic tones to improve the persuasion effect, but misinformation during the process must be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifen Zhang
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China
| | - Jun Yan
- School of Journalism and Information Communication, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hepeng Jia
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China,School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China,Corresponding author at: School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China
| | - Xi Luo
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China
| | - Jingke Lin
- School of Journalism and Communication, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qinliang Liu
- School of Communication, Soochow University, Suzhou 215127, China
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15
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EU Member States’ Institutional Twitter Campaigns on COVID-19 Vaccination: Analyses of Germany, Spain, France and Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030619. [PMID: 36992204 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of an effective vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus became the hope for halting the spread of the disease. In recent years, social networks have become important tools for political and strategic communication in the dialogue with citizens. Therefore, the messages emitted through them were important to address vaccine hesitancy and achieve collective immunity. This paper analyses the use of Twitter by politicians and institutions in EU Member States during the first fifty days after the Commission’s marketing authorisation of the first COVID-19 vaccine (21 December 2020 to 8 February 2021). To do so, a triple approach content analysis was carried out (quantitative, qualitative and discursive on feelings) applied to 1913 tweets published by the official profiles of the prime ministers, health ministers, governments and health ministries of Germany, Spain, France and Italy, the four most populous EU countries. The results point out that politicians and institutions gave preference to other issues on their political agenda over vaccine-related issues. Moreover, previous research hypotheses, such as those related to the underutilization of the Twitter tool as a two-way communication channel with citizens, are validated.
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Lyons N, Bhagwandeen B, Todd S, Boyce G, Samaroo-Francis W, Edwards J. Correlates and Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Persons Living With HIV in Trinidad and Tobago. Cureus 2023; 15:e35961. [PMID: 37051005 PMCID: PMC10085522 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons living with HIV may be at risk of more severe forms of COVID-19 infection and minimizing health risks largely depends on their acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccinations. OBJECTIVE This study examined the correlates and predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among persons living with HIV in Trinidad and Tobago. METHODS A cross-sectional survey using a structured interview was conducted. Data were compiled on patient socio-demographics, diagnosed chronic diseases, psychological factors, and decisions to take the COVID-19 vaccine. Pearson χ2 tests examined the associations between study variables and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, and multivariable logistic regression analyses examined its predictors. RESULTS In this study, 84% were virally suppressed, i.e., HIV viral load <1000 copies/ml. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was found to be 39%. Univariate analysis showed that higher vaccine hesitancy was significantly associated with females (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.23-3.33) and patients of mixed ethnicity (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.07-3.15). In our multivariable analysis, psychological factors namely, confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.05-0.47), the perceived benefits of the vaccine (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.37-0.79), and cues to action (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.47-0.97) were observed as predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSION Psychological factors such as confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine, perceived benefits of the vaccine, and cues to action were possible predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. This study underscored the continued need for strategies to increase confidence and knowledge about the benefits of taking the COVID-19 vaccine among persons living with HIV.
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COVID-19 Vaccination Program Data Analysis Based on Regional Status and Day Type: A Study from West Java Province, Indonesia. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11050772. [PMID: 36900777 PMCID: PMC10001228 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11050772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is a strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic and holds a crucial impact on global health. A better understanding of factors associated with vaccination is needed to establish a good vaccination program in a population. The purpose of this study is to analyze COVID-19 vaccination program data based on regional status and day type in the West Java Province of Indonesia and contribute to discovering other characteristics of the COVID-19 vaccination program. This study is a cross-sectional study using secondary data (N = 7922) from West Java's COVID-19 Information and Coordination Center (PIKOBAR) from January to November 2021. Independent t-test with an alternative non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test (p-value < 0.05) is used as a statistical test in this study. The result reported significant differences in vaccination coverage between the city area and the regency area (p < 0.001). Significant differences in vaccination on working day and holiday were also found in both settings (p < 0.001). Vaccination was confirmed to be higher in the city compared to the regency and decreased on holiday compared to the working day. In conclusion, factors linked to regional status and day type must be considered as important factors for developing and accelerating vaccination programs.
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Mamani-Benito O, Farfán-Solís R, Huayta-Meza M, Tito-Betancur M, Morales-García WC, Tarqui EEA. Effect of religious fatalism and concern about new variants on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1071543. [PMID: 36937730 PMCID: PMC10017722 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1071543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To protect public health, it is important that the population be vaccinated against COVID-19; however, certain factors can affect vaccine acceptance. Objective The objective of this study was to determine whether religious fatalism and concern about new variants have a significant effect on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. Methodology An explanatory study was conducted with 403 adults of legal age captured through non-probabilistic convenience sampling in vaccination centers in the 13 health networks of the Regional Health Directorate of Puno, Peru. Data were collected through a brief scale of religious fatalism, a scale of acceptance of vaccines against COVID-19 and a scale of concern about a new variant of COVID-19. Results The proposed model obtained an adequate fit. There was a negative effect of religious fatalism on vaccine acceptance, a positive effect of fatalism on vaccine rejection, a positive effect of concern about new variants on the acceptance of vaccines, and a positive effect of concern about new variants on vaccine rejection. Conclusion These findings provide evidence for the usefulness of considering both religious fatalism and concern about new variants affect the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine in adults in southern Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Mamani-Benito
- Facultad de Derecho y Humanidades, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Peru
| | - Rosa Farfán-Solís
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, Peru
| | - Mariné Huayta-Meza
- Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales, Universidad Peruana Unión, Juliaca, Peru
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19
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Adu P, Popoola T, Medvedev ON, Collings S, Mbinta J, Aspin C, Simpson CR. Implications for COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A systematic review. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:441-466. [PMID: 36738689 PMCID: PMC9884645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, increasing coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination coverage remains a major public health concern in the face of high rates of COVID-19 hesitancy among the general population. We must understand the impact of the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake when designing national vaccination programmes. We aimed to synthesise nationwide evidence regarding COVID-19 infodemics and the demographic, psychological, and social predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake. METHODS We systematically searched seven databases between July 2021 and March 2022 to retrieve relevant articles published since COVID-19 was first reported on 31 December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Of the 12,502 peer-reviewed articles retrieved from the databases, 57 met the selection criteria and were included in this systematic review. We explored COVID-19 vaccine uptake determinants before and after the first COVID-19 vaccine roll-out by the Food and Drug Authority (FDA). RESULTS Increased COVID-19 vaccine uptake rates were associated with decreased hesitancy. Concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety, negative side effects, rapid development of the COVID-19 vaccine, and uncertainty about vaccine effectiveness were associated with reluctance to be vaccinated. After the US FDA approval of COVID-19 vaccines, phobia of medical procedures such as vaccine injection and inadequate information about vaccines were the main determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSION Addressing effectiveness and safety concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccines, as well as providing adequate information about vaccines and the impacts of pandemics, should be considered before implementation of any vaccination programme. Reassuring people about the safety of medical vaccination and using alternative procedures such as needle-free vaccination may help further increase vaccination uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Adu
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Tosin Popoola
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Sunny Collings
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - James Mbinta
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Clive Aspin
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Colin R. Simpson
- School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
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20
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Olivera-Figueroa LA, Unger A, Papastamatelou J, Zimbardo PG. A Time to Get Vaccinated? The Role of Time Perspective, Consideration of Future Consequences, Conspiracy Beliefs, Religious Faith, Gender, and Race on Intention to Vaccinate for COVID-19 in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3625. [PMID: 36834320 PMCID: PMC9963941 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the predictability of Time Perspective (TP) tendencies (i.e., Past Positive, Past Negative, Present Hedonistic, Present Fatalistic, and Future), the Balanced Time Perspective (BTP) profile, the Consideration of Future Consequences-Immediate (CFC-I) factor, the Consideration of Future Consequences-Future (CFC-F) factor, conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 being a hoax, religious faith, gender, and race on COVID-19 vaccination intention as a dependent variable. Participants were recruited in the United States through the online platforms Prolific and Google Forms. The final sample was n = 232 (n = 99 male, n = 129 female, and n = 2 other, Mage = 31). Outcome measures included sociodemographic questions, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory-short version, the Consideration of Future Consequences (CFC) ultra-short scale, the COVID-19 Conspiracy Beliefs questionnaire, and the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire-brief version. Regression analyses revealed that vaccination intention was reduced by gender identification as woman, identification as multiracial or from mixed origin, Past Positive, Deviation from a BTP profile, belief in COVID-19 as hoax, and religious faith. Conversely, intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 was increased by Past Negative, CFC-I, and CFC-F. These findings could be beneficial for knowledge transfer to behavioral interventions aimed to promote vaccination against COVID-19, health promotion campaigns, and the public health field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lening A. Olivera-Figueroa
- Department of Psychology, Golden Gate University, 536 Mission St., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA
- Family Medicine Residency Program, AltaMed Institute for Health Equity, AltaMed Health Services Corporation, 2040 Camfield Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90040, USA
| | - Alexander Unger
- East-Asia Institute, Ludwigshafen University of Business and Society, Rheinpromenade 12, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Julie Papastamatelou
- Study Program of Business Psychology, University of Applied Management Studies (HdWM), 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philip G. Zimbardo
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Jordan Hall 450 Jane Stanford Way, Building 420, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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21
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Policy Endorsement and Booster Shot: Exploring Politicized Determinants for Acceptance of a Third Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine in China. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020421. [PMID: 36851298 PMCID: PMC9962357 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
China's recent termination of strict COVID-19 control necessitates taking a booster vaccine shot as a precaution against the pandemic as quickly as possible. A large body of research has examined people's attitudes toward and intentions for the booster shot. However, most studies failed to explore how China's sociopolitical context has shaped their attitude regarding the booster jab take-up. The current study utilizes data from a national survey adopting quota sampling to analyze the Chinese public's medical and non-medical considerations to determine their intention for the third dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The study found that thanks to China's initial successful lockdown policies, personal risk and benefit perceptions did not dominate their views regarding booster vaccination. Instead, respondents' gender, nationalism, endorsement of the zero-COVID policy, self-efficacy regarding vaccination, and perceived infection severity were the major factors underlying their booster shot intention. The situation highlights how the politicized context of China's COVID-19 control has impacted people's plans to practice preventive behaviors. It is necessary to offset the negative consequences. One strategy is to educate the Chinese public with more medically relevant information to help them make rational choices regarding vaccination and other protective measures. On the other hand, such education can utilize this nationalistic mental status to enhance the persuasion effect.
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22
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Pilch I, Turska-Kawa A, Wardawy P, Olszanecka-Marmola A, Smołkowska-Jędo W. Contemporary trends in psychological research on conspiracy beliefs. A systematic review. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1075779. [PMID: 36844318 PMCID: PMC9945548 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1075779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The number of psychological studies on conspiracy beliefs has been systematically growing for about a dozen years, but in recent years, the trend has intensified. We provided a review covering the psychological literature on conspiracy beliefs from 2018 to 2021. Halfway through this period, the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, accompanied by an explosion of movements based on conspiracy theories, intensifying researchers' interest in this issue. Methods Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, the review systematically searched for relevant journal articles published between 2018 and 2021. A search was done on Scopus and Web of Science (only peer-reviewed journals). A study was included if it contained primary empirical data, if specific or general conspiracy belief(s) were measured and if its correlation with at least one other psychological variable was reported. All the studies were grouped for the descriptive analysis according to the methodology used, the participants' characteristics, the continent of origin, the sample size, and the conspiracy beliefs measurement tools. Due to substantial methodological heterogeneity of the studies, narrative synthesis was performed. The five researchers were assigned specific roles at each stage of the analysis to ensure the highest quality of the research. Results Following the proposed methodology, 308 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 274 articles (417 studies) meeting the inclusion criteria were identified and included in the review. Almost half of the studies (49.6%) were conducted in European countries. The vast majority of the studies (85.7%) were carried out on samples of adult respondents. The research presents antecedents as well as (potential) consequences of conspiracy beliefs. We grouped the antecedents of conspiracy beliefs into six categories: cognitive (e.g., thinking style) motivational (e.g., uncertainty avoidance), personality (e.g., collective narcissism), psychopathology (e.g., Dark Triad traits), political (e.g., ideological orientation), and sociocultural factors (e.g., collectivism). Conclusion and limitations The research presents evidence on the links between conspiracy beliefs and a range of attitudes and behaviors considered unfavorable from the point of view of individuals and of the society at large. It turned out that different constructs of conspiracy thinking interact with each other. The limitations of the study are discussed in the last part of the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Pilch
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Turska-Kawa
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Political Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland,*Correspondence: Agnieszka Turska-Kawa,
| | - Paulina Wardawy
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Olszanecka-Marmola
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Political Science, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Smołkowska-Jędo
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Perceived Barriers and Intentions to Receive COVID-19 Vaccines: Psychological Distress as a Moderator. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020289. [PMID: 36851167 PMCID: PMC9967752 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A high vaccination uptake degree is crucial to achieve herd immunity to COVID-19 and restrict the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about the antecedents that reduce or contribute to shaping the intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines, as well as how psychological distress-a mental health problem-can reinforce or dampen the translation from antecedents into intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of perceived clinical and access barriers, self-efficacy, and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines on the intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines. Simultaneously, the moderation effects of psychological distress on this relationship were also examined. Using a sample of 2722 Vietnamese adults and structural equation modeling (SEM), this study illustrated that self-efficacy and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines were significantly interrelated with intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines. Self-efficacy, attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines, and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines were negatively influenced by perceived access barriers but were positively associated with perceived clinical barriers. Importantly, our study reported that when psychological distress was higher, the link between self-efficacy and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines will become weaker, but the effect of perceived clinical barriers on intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines will be reinforced. Moreover, self-efficacy and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines served as mediators in the linkages between perceived barriers and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines. Besides providing contributions to the extant COVID-19 vaccine literature, this study provides useful recommendations for practitioners and policymakers to foster adults' COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.
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24
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Wen Z, Yue T, Chen W, Jiang G, Hu B. Optimizing COVID-19 vaccine allocation considering the target population. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1015133. [PMID: 36684954 PMCID: PMC9853449 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1015133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine allocation strategy for COVID-19 is an emerging and important issue that affects the efficiency and control of virus spread. In order to improve the fairness and efficiency of vaccine distribution, this paper studies the optimization of vaccine distribution under the condition of limited number of vaccines. We pay attention to the target population before distributing vaccines, including attitude toward the vaccination, priority groups for vaccination, and vaccination priority policy. Furthermore, we consider inventory and budget indexes to maximize the precise scheduling of vaccine resources. A mixed-integer programming model is developed for vaccine distribution considering the target population from the viewpoint of fairness and efficiency. Finally, a case study is provided to verify the model and provide insights for vaccine distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongliang Wen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Yue
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guanhua Jiang
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bin Hu
- School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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25
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Shouli MM, Ayed A, Shouli KM, Alekel K. Knowledge and Perception of the Employees Towards COVID-19 Vaccination at Palestinian Universities. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231176880. [PMID: 37223220 PMCID: PMC10201136 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231176880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Major efforts are being made to control the spread and impact of the coronavirus pandemic using vaccines. However, willingness to be vaccinated depends largely on factors beyond the availability of vaccines. Objective This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perception of university employees towards the COVID-19 vaccination. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2021. A total of 310 university employees from six Palestinian universities participated in the study. A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection and included the following: personal and medical characteristics of the university employees' knowledge and perception regarding receiving the COVID-19 vaccination. Results Three hundred and ten out of 336 questionnaires (92.3% response rate) were completed and returned by the participants. The results revealed that 41.9% of university employees had good knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccination. On the other hand, 51.9% of them had a positive perception of the COVID-19 vaccination. Also, there is a significant difference between the level of knowledge and perception of the COVID-19 vaccine (p < .05). Conclusion Less than half of the university employees had good knowledge, and half of them had a positive attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccination. Also, it has been determined that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and perception of the COVID-19 vaccine. The study recommended that employees should be involved in educational campaigns to increase their knowledge of the importance of vaccines in COVID-19 prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Mohammad Shouli
- Community Health Nursing Department,
Nablus University for Vocational & Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Ayed
- Faculty of Nursing, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Khaila Mohammad Shouli
- Community Health Nursing Department,
Nablus University for Vocational & Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Khalid Alekel
- Community Health Nursing Department,
Nablus University for Vocational & Technical Education, Nablus, Palestine
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26
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Capurro G, Tustin J, Jardine CG, Driedger SM. When good messages go wrong: Perspectives on COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine communication from generally vaccine accepting individuals in Canada. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2145822. [PMID: 36452995 PMCID: PMC9762838 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2145822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the most important and successful public health interventions to reduce the spread of infectious diseases. However, unlike childhood diseases and routine vaccines, COVID-19 is a novel threat, and COVID-19 vaccines may elicit specific anxieties. Through focus groups, we examine the concerns and attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine expressed by individuals who accept routine vaccinations in Canada. We also conducted a pre-focus group survey to document participant attitudes towards vaccines in general. While most participants had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine or had the intention to get it, many had concerns. First, participants felt anxious about the quick development and approval of the vaccines, even if they recognized that the vaccines have undergone clinical trials. Second, participants felt confused about shifting public health guidelines regarding vaccine safety, changing the interval between doses, and mixing different vaccine brands. Finally, participants said they felt abandoned when deciding whether to get vaccinated or not. People who generally accept vaccines expressed concerns about COVID-19 vaccines, mostly related to the inevitable uncertainties of a new vaccine (i.e. novelty, safety, mandates, etc.). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, understood as concerns about the novelty of a vaccine and the rapid implementation of it, could be useful for understanding questioning attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines from people who accept routine vaccinations. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy can also provide valuable insights as booster doses are periodically needed and people may not be as accepting of these additional doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Capurro
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jordan Tustin
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cindy G. Jardine
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Fraser Valley, Chilliwack, Canada
| | - S. Michelle Driedger
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada,CONTACT S. Michelle Driedger Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, S113-750 Bannatyne Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3, Canada
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Nasimiyu C, Ngere I, Dawa J, Amoth P, Oluga O, Ngunu C, Mirieri H, Gachohi J, Dayan M, Liku N, Njoroge R, Odinoh R, Owaka S, Khamadi SA, Konongoi SL, Galo S, Elamenya L, Mureithi M, Anzala O, Breiman R, Osoro E, Njenga MK. Near-Complete SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Rural and Urban Kenyans despite Significant Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:68. [PMID: 36679913 PMCID: PMC9862465 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the early inequity in global COVID-19 vaccine distribution, we compared the level of population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 with vaccine uptake and refusal between rural and urban Kenya two years after the pandemic onset. A population-based seroprevalence study was conducted in the city of Nairobi (n = 781) and a rural western county (n = 810) between January and February 2022. The overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 90.2% (95% CI, 88.6−91.2%), including 96.7% (95% CI, 95.2−97.9%) among urban and 83.6% (95% CI, 80.6−86.0%) among rural populations. A comparison of immunity profiles showed that >50% of the rural population were strongly immunoreactive compared to <20% of the urban population, suggesting more recent infections or vaccinations in the rural population. More than 45% of the vaccine-eligible (≥18 years old) persons had not taken a single dose of the vaccine (hesitancy), including 47.6% and 46.9% of urban and rural participants, respectively. Vaccine refusal was reported in 19.6% of urban and 15.6% of rural participants, attributed to concern about vaccine safety (>75%), inadequate information (26%), and concern about vaccine effectiveness (9%). Less than 2% of vaccine refusers cited religious or cultural beliefs. These findings indicate that despite vaccine inequity, hesitancy, and refusal, herd immunity had been achieved in Kenya and likely other African countries by early 2022, with natural infections likely contributing to most of this immunity. However, vaccine campaigns should be sustained due to the need for repeat boosters associated with waning of SARS-CoV-2 immunity and emergence of immune-evading virus variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyne Nasimiyu
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
- KAVI-Institute for Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00202, Kenya
| | - Isaac Ngere
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Jeanette Dawa
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Patrick Amoth
- Directorate of Public Health, Kenya Ministry of Health, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Ouma Oluga
- Directorate of Health, Nairobi Metropolitan Services, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Carol Ngunu
- Directorate of Health, Nairobi Metropolitan Services, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Harriet Mirieri
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - John Gachohi
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
- School of Public Health, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya
| | - Moshe Dayan
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Nzisa Liku
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Ruth Njoroge
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Raymond Odinoh
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Samuel Owaka
- Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Samoel A. Khamadi
- Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Samson L. Konongoi
- Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Sudi Galo
- Department of Health Services, County Government of Kakamega, Kakamega 50100, Kenya
| | - Linet Elamenya
- Department of Health Services, County Government of Kakamega, Kakamega 50100, Kenya
| | - Marianne Mureithi
- KAVI-Institute for Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00202, Kenya
| | - Omu Anzala
- KAVI-Institute for Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00202, Kenya
| | - Robert Breiman
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Eric Osoro
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - M. Kariuki Njenga
- Global Health Program, Washington State University (WSU), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University (WSU), Pullman, WA 99163, USA
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Lyons N, Bhagwandeen B, Edwards J. Factors Affecting COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions among Patients Attending a Large HIV Treatment Clinic in Trinidad Using Constructs of the Health Belief Model. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:vaccines11010004. [PMID: 36679849 PMCID: PMC9861852 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Persons living with HIV are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 and understanding the factors influencing their decision to take the COVID-19 vaccine are crucial. Using the Health Belief Model (HBM), our study examined the role of psychological factors in predicting vaccine intention in patients with HIV. The underlying concept of the HBM is that behaviour is determined by personal beliefs about a disease, and access to strategies to decrease its occurrence. A cross-sectional survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted between August and September 2021 at an HIV clinic in Trinidad. Data on the HBM constructs, namely patient's beliefs about the perceived severity and susceptibility to COVID-19, their perceived benefits of taking the vaccine, and external cues to action, i.e., factors that may motivate them to take the vaccine, were collected. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations and whether the HBM components were predictors of vaccination intention. In this study, 59.9% of patients indicated their intentions to take the vaccine. Females (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.30-0.81) were less inclined to take the COVID-19 vaccine compared to males, while Indo-Trinidadian patients with HIV (OR 4.40, 95% CI 1.26-15.3) were more inclined to take the vaccine compared to Afro-Trinidadians. Health beliefs such as having confidence in the vaccine (p = 0.001) and believing in its perceived benefits (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of vaccination intention. Patients who were confident about the vaccine were six times more likely to take the vaccine (OR 6.45, 95% CI 2.13-19.5) than persons who were not confident in it. Having adequate information about the vaccine or the knowledge of others who received the vaccine (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.03-2.11) were significant cues to action influencing their decision. Guided by the HBM, understanding patient's health beliefs is important in the design of tailored interventions to improve vaccine outcomes. The HBM may also be useful in the design of approaches to increase the uptake of critical HIV prevention, and treatment services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyla Lyons
- Medical Research Foundation of Trinidad and Tobago, 7 Queen’s Part E, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
- Correspondence:
| | - Brendon Bhagwandeen
- School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot Watt University Malaysia, 1 Jalan Venna P5/2, Precinct 5, Putrajaya 62200, Malaysia
| | - Jeffrey Edwards
- Medical Research Foundation of Trinidad and Tobago, 7 Queen’s Part E, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
- Department of Para-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
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Carrera P, Aguilar P, Fernández I, Caballero A. Health or wealth? The influence of perceived health and wealth threats and style of thinking on protective behaviours and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain ( ¿Salud o riqueza? La influencia de las amenazas percibidas contra la salud y la riqueza y del estilo de pensamiento en las conductas de protección y el bienestar durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en España). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2022.2132744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tostrud L, Thelen J, Palatnik A. Models of determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in non-pregnant and pregnant population: Review of current literature". Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2138047. [PMID: 36345571 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2138047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination has proven to be the most effective tool in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. While pregnant individuals are considered to be a high-risk population and are more likely to experience adverse effects from COVID-19, vaccination rates among pregnant individuals are significantly lower than in the general population. The Health Belief Model (HBM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), 3C model, 5C model, and 5A model have been used to assess vaccination hesitancy behaviors. In this paper, we review the use of each of these models to address vaccine hesitancy, with a focus on the pregnant population and the COVID-19 vaccine. The HBM, TPB, 3C model, and 5C model have demonstrated great versatility in their ability to evaluate, explain, and modify vaccine hesitancy and behavior. Up to date, the HBM and 3C models appear to be the most effective models to study and address vaccination hesitancy within the pregnant persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Tostrud
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Julia Thelen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Anna Palatnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Huré M, Peyronnet V, Sibiude J, Cazenave MG, Anselem O, Luton D, Vauloup-Fellous C, Deruelle P, Cordier AG, Benachi A, Mandelbrot L, Couffignal C, Pauphilet V, Vivanti AJ, Picone O. [SARS-Cov-2 vaccine's acceptance among pregnant women-A cross-sectional survey]. GYNECOLOGIE, OBSTETRIQUE, FERTILITE & SENOLOGIE 2022; 50:712-720. [PMID: 35914734 PMCID: PMC9335352 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE SARS-CoV-2 is more likely to cause severe cases in pregnant women. They were part of the priority groups since April 2021 to benefit from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination before its extent to general population. This contribution aims to evaluate, in the postpartum period, the achievement of COVID-19 vaccination and factors associated in women during their pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHOD Multicenter cross-sectional survey study conducted from September to December 2021 with online self-questionnaire. All postpartum patients hospitalized in one of the 6 participating maternity hospitals were invited to answer. The questionnaire asked patients about their demographic characteristics, vaccination modalities, vaccine tolerance, and their general perception of vaccination. RESULTS Of the 371 women who responded, the vaccination rate was 65.7% (IC95% [60.8-70.4]), whom 98.8% entirely during pregnancy. Associated factors with vaccination during pregnancy were older age, higher socio-professional category, and prior information provided by health professionals. Factors that appear to motivate vaccination were personal protection and protection of the newborn. Finally, main factors negatively influencing the vaccination process were the fear of vaccine side effects and the negative perception of vaccines in general. DISCUSSION Acceptability and information about the vaccine by health professionals is in constant improvement. Information campaigns should be continued to improve the acceptability of vaccination, in light of the accumulating data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Huré
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Nord, hôpital Louis-Mourier, service de gynécologie obstétrique, Colombes, France; Université Paris Cité, France
| | - V Peyronnet
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Nord, hôpital Louis-Mourier, service de gynécologie obstétrique, Colombes, France
| | - J Sibiude
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Nord, hôpital Louis-Mourier, service de gynécologie obstétrique, Colombes, France; Université Paris Cité, France; Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France; FHU PREMA, Paris, France
| | - M G Cazenave
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Nord, hôpital Louis-Mourier, service de gynécologie obstétrique, Colombes, France
| | - O Anselem
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Nord, hôpital Bichat, département de recherche clinique, biostatistiques et épidémiologie, 75018 Paris, France; Maternité Port-Royal, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, centre-université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - D Luton
- Université Paris Cité, France; FHU PREMA, Paris, France; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, université Paris Cité, FHU prématurité, hôpital Bichat, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, Paris, France
| | - C Vauloup-Fellous
- Groupe de recherche sur les infections pendant la grossesse (GRIG), Vélizy, France; Hôpital universitaire, AP-HP, département de virologie, département de biologie génétique et PUI, université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France; Inserm U1193, université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - P Deruelle
- Pôle de gynécologie obstétrique, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A G Cordier
- Université Paris Cité, France; Département de gynécologie et obstétrique, DMU santé des femmes et des nouveau-nés, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, université Paris Saclay, AP-HP, France
| | - A Benachi
- Département de gynécologie et obstétrique, DMU santé des femmes et des nouveau-nés, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, université Paris Saclay, AP-HP, France
| | - L Mandelbrot
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Nord, hôpital Louis-Mourier, service de gynécologie obstétrique, Colombes, France; Université Paris Cité, France; Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France; FHU PREMA, Paris, France
| | - C Couffignal
- Université Paris Cité, France; Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France; Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Nord, hôpital Bichat, département de recherche clinique, biostatistiques et épidémiologie, 75018 Paris, France
| | - V Pauphilet
- Université Paris Cité, France; Maternité hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, France
| | - A J Vivanti
- Département de gynécologie et obstétrique, DMU santé des femmes et des nouveau-nés, hôpital Antoine-Béclère, université Paris Saclay, AP-HP, France; Groupe de recherche sur les infections pendant la grossesse (GRIG), Vélizy, France
| | - O Picone
- Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Nord, hôpital Louis-Mourier, service de gynécologie obstétrique, Colombes, France; Université Paris Cité, France; Inserm, IAME, 75018 Paris, France; FHU PREMA, Paris, France; Groupe de recherche sur les infections pendant la grossesse (GRIG), Vélizy, France.
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Alarcón-Braga EA, Hernandez-Bustamante EA, Salazar-Valdivia FE, Valdez-Cornejo VA, Mosquera-Rojas MD, Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Rondon-Saldaña JC, Zafra-Tanaka JH. Acceptance towards COVID-19 vaccination in Latin America and the Caribbean: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis 2022; 49:102369. [PMID: 35680058 PMCID: PMC9169427 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination represents an important strategy to mitigate COVID-19 related morbidity and mortality by protecting against severe forms of the disease and reducing hospitalization and death rates. In this sense, the objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of Vaccination Intention (VI) against COVID-19 in Latin America and Caribbean (LAC). METHODS We conducted a systematic review with a comprehensive search strategy for the following databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. A random-effect model meta-analysis was carried out using observational studies assessing the intention to vaccines against COVID-19 in LAC countries. The Clopper-Pearson method was used to estimate 95% Confidence Intervals. The quality assessment was developed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for cross-sectional studies. A subgroup analysis by study location and a sensitivity analysis were developed. RESULTS Nineteen cross-sectional studies were included. Five meta-analyzes were performed according to the target population of the included studies. The VI in the general population of LAC was 78.0% (95%CI: 74.0%-82.0%). The VI for non-pregnant women was 78.0% (95%CI: 58.0%-99.0%), for elderly population was 63.0% (95%CI: 59.0%-69.0%), for pregnant women was 69.0% (95%CI: 61.0%-76.0%) and for health-personnel was 83.0% (95% CI: 71.0%-96.0%). The sensitivity analysis for general population meta-analysis that included only low risk of bias studies showed a 77.0% VI (95%CI: 73.0%-82.0%) and for non-pregnant women, 85.0% VI (95%CI: 79.0%-90.0%). CONCLUSION Despite the high prevalence of VI in general population found in our study, VI prevalence from elderly people and pregnant women are lower than other population groups and overall population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban A Alarcón-Braga
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.
| | - Enrique A Hernandez-Bustamante
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru; Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Farley E Salazar-Valdivia
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Valeria A Valdez-Cornejo
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Melany D Mosquera-Rojas
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Juan R Ulloque-Badaracco
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
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A Systematic Investigation of American Vaccination Preference via Historical Data. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While COVID-19 vaccines are generally available, not all people receive vaccines. To reach herd immunity, most of a population must be vaccinated. It is, thus, important to identify factors influencing people’s vaccination preferences, as knowledge of these preferences allows for governments and health programs to increase their vaccine coverage more effectively. Fortunately, vaccination data were collected by U.S. Census Bureau in partnership with the CDC via the Household Pulse Survey (HPS) for Americans. This study presents the first analysis of the 24 vaccination datasets collected by the HPS from January 2021 to May 2022 for 250 million respondents of different ages, genders, sexual orientations, races, education statuses, marital statuses, household sizes, household income levels, and resources used for spending needs, and with different reasons for not receiving or planning to receive a vaccine. Statistical analysis techniques, including an analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey multiple comparisons test, and hierarchical clustering (HC), were implemented to analyze the HPS vaccination data in the R language. It was found that sexual orientation, gender, age, and education had statistically significant influences on the vaccination rates. In particular, the gay/lesbian group showed a higher vaccination rate than the straight group; the transgender group had a lower vaccination rate than either the female or the male groups; older respondents showed greater preference for vaccination; respondents with higher education levels also preferred vaccination. As for the other factors that were not significant enough to influence vaccinations in the ANOVA, notable trends were found. Asian Americans had higher vaccination rates than other races; respondents from larger household sizes had a lower chance of getting vaccinated; the unmarried group showed the lowed vaccination rate in the marital category; the respondents depending on borrowed money from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) showed a lower vaccination rate than people with regular incomes. Concerns regarding the side-effects and the safety of the vaccines were the two major reasons for vaccination hesitance at the beginning of the pandemic, while having no trust in the vaccines and no trust in the government became more common in the later stage of the pandemic. The findings in this study can be used by governments or organizations to improve their vaccination campaigns or methods of combating future pandemics.
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Determining the Prevalence and Correlates of COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Hesitancy in the Singapore Population Following the Completion of the Primary Vaccination Series. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071088. [PMID: 35891252 PMCID: PMC9316882 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to declining vaccine-induced immunity and the emergence of new COVID-19 variants, COVID-19 booster vaccination programmes have been widely launched in several high-income countries. However, public response has been slow, and scepticism about these programmes is rising in these settings. This study sought to identify the sociodemographic, emotional, and psychological factors associated with COVID-19 booster vaccine hesitancy in Singapore. Derived from a community cohort, 1005 fully vaccinated adults (62.1% female, mean age = 42.6 years) that had not received their COVID-19 booster shots completed an online survey between October and November 2021 on vaccination beliefs, intentions, and behaviours. Results indicated that despite completing the primary COVID-19 vaccination, 30.5% of those surveyed were hesitant about receiving the booster shot (25.9% unsure; 4.7% refused the booster), and 39.2% perceived more vaccine risks than benefits. Multivariable models indicated that a tertiary education, lower COVID-19 threat perception, lower perceived benefits, higher perceived concerns, a decreased need for booster vaccination, and a lower benefit/concerns differential score were associated with higher odds of booster vaccine hesitancy. Success in the primary vaccination series may not warrant widespread public acceptance for recurrent COVID-19 vaccination doses. In addressing booster vaccine hesitancy as restrictive measures and mandates are lifted, health perceptions relevant or unique to booster vaccine uptake should be considered.
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Yıldırım DF, Serçekuş P, Özkan S. Reasons for Individuals' COVID-19 vaccine hesitations and changing decisions over time: A longitudinal qualitative study. VACUNAS 2022; 23:S1-S7. [PMID: 35813990 PMCID: PMC9250900 DOI: 10.1016/j.vacun.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective COVID-19 is a serious public health problem. Therefore, it is important to vaccinate the community. This study was aimed at examining the reasons for individuals' COVID-19 vaccine hesitations, and decisions that have changed over time. Material and methods This was a prospective longitudinal qualitative study. Results Confidence, fear, conspiracy theories, belief, and social pressure play a role in vaccine hesitancy. The most important factor in the changing decisions of individuals who are hesitant about vaccination is pressure. Confidence and fear also lead to a change of decision. However, it was remarkable that most of the participants who were vaccinated due to pressure did not want to be revaccinated. Conclusions Governments, media, vaccine companies, health professionals, and scientists should act together to increase the vaccination rates of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dicle Filiz Yıldırım
- Research Assisstant, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pamukkale University, Kınıklı / Denizli/, Turkey
| | - Pınar Serçekuş
- Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pamukkale University, Kınıklı / Denizli/, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Özkan
- Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pamukkale University, Kınıklı / Denizli/, Turkey
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36
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Do Vaccination Attitudes Mediate the Link between Critical Consciousness and COVID-19 Vaccination Behaviour? A Cross-Sectional Study. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14137623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Critical consciousness development represents a building block in the formation of health-related attitudes and behaviours. One of the most studied health-related behaviours in the previous year is COVID-19 vaccination behaviour. The present study examines critical consciousness, COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and vaccination behaviour in a consistent sample of young adults (N = 1185). Participants were residents of Romania, aged 18 to 41 years. The Critical Consciousness Scale—Short Form (CCS-S) and the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale were used. The results demonstrate the mediating role of two types of vaccination attitude—lack of confidence in the promoted vaccine benefits and worries about unforeseen effects—in the relationship between critical reflection and vaccination behaviour. Communication is fundamental in an initiative aimed at changing behaviour. When shaping a health-related campaign, communication and dialogue must be horizontal and characterised by empathy and mutual recognition to determine favourable health-related behaviour.
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37
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Limbu YB, Gautam RK, Pham L. The Health Belief Model Applied to COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060973. [PMID: 35746581 PMCID: PMC9227551 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study systematically analyzes the research that used the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical basis to examine the influence of HBM constructs on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched for quantitative studies. Sixteen studies with 30,242 participants met inclusion criteria. The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 33.23% (95% CI 24.71–41.39%). Perceived barriers and perceived benefits were the most common HBM constructs that were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy. While perceived benefits was inversely associated, a positive association was found between perceived barriers and vaccine hesitancy. Other HBM constructs that were frequently examined and inversely associated were perceived susceptibility, cues to action, perceived severity, and self-efficacy. The most common HBM modifying factor that was directly associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was gender, followed by education, age, geographical locations, occupation, income, employment, marital status, race, and ethnicity; however, a few studies report inconsistent results. Other modifying variables that influenced vaccine hesitancy were knowledge of COVID-19, prior diagnosis of COVID-19, history of flu vaccination, religion, nationality, and political affiliation. The results show that HBM is useful in predicting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yam B. Limbu
- Feliciano School of Business, Montclair State University, 1 Normal Ave, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +973-655-3361; Fax: +973-655-7673
| | - Rajesh K. Gautam
- Department of Anthropology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar 470003, India;
| | - Long Pham
- Department of Decision Sciences and Economics, College of Business, Texas A&M University at Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA;
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38
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Zhang Z, Liu C, Nunkoo R, Sunnassee VA, Chen X. Rethinking Lockdown Policies in the Pre-Vaccine Era of COVID-19: A Configurational Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127142. [PMID: 35742409 PMCID: PMC9223109 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The significance of lockdown policies for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic is widely recognized. However, most studies have focused on individual lockdown measures. The effectiveness of lockdown policy combinations has not been examined from a configurational perspective. This research applies fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to examine different lockdown policy combinations associated with high-epidemic situations in 84 countries. A high-epidemic situation can occur through three different “weak-confined” patterns of lockdown policy combinations. The findings demonstrate that a combination of lockdown policies is more successful than any single lockdown policy, whereas the absence of several key measures in policy combinations can lead to a high-epidemic situation. The importance of international travel controls can become obscured when they are the only measures adopted, and a high-epidemic situation can still arise where restrictions are placed on international travel but not on public transport or when workplaces are closed but schools remain open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziang Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Chao Liu
- Faculty of Hospitality & Tourism Management, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Robin Nunkoo
- Department of Management, University of Mauritius, Reduit MU 80837, Mauritius;
- School of Tourism and Hospitality, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
- Griffith Institute for Tourism, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
- Copenhagen Business School, Porcelaenshaven 18A, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Vivek A. Sunnassee
- Westminster Business School, University of Westminster, 35 Marylebone Road, London NW1 5LS, UK;
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- School of Humanities, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China;
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39
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Simione L, Vagni M, Maiorano T, Giostra V, Pajardi D. How Implicit Attitudes toward Vaccination Affect Vaccine Hesitancy and Behaviour: Developing and Validating the V-IRAP. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074205. [PMID: 35409886 PMCID: PMC8998609 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most important ways of fighting infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. However, vaccine hesitancy and refusal can reduce adherence to vaccination campaigns, and therefore undermine their effectiveness. Although the scientific community has made great efforts to understand the psychological causes of vaccine hesitancy, studies on vaccine intention have usually relied on traditional detection techniques, such as questionnaires. Probing these constructs explicitly could be problematic due to defense mechanisms or social desirability. Thus, a measure capable of detecting implicit attitudes towards vaccination is needed. To achieve this aim, we designed and validated a new test called the Vaccine-IRAP, or V-IRAP, which is a modified version of the original Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure, or IRAP, task. The V-IRAP allows the unspoken reasons behind vaccine hesitancy to be investigated, and is able to distinguish between positive and negative beliefs on vaccination. The test was assessed in a sample of 151 participants. The V-IRAP showed good internal reliability and convergent validity, with meaningful correlational patterns with explicit measures. Moreover, it revealed incremental validity over such explicit measures. Lastly, the V-IRAP was able to shed light on the implicit attitudes involved in vaccine refusal, revealing negative attitudes relative to vaccine-related risks in non-vaccinated participants. Overall, these results support V-IRAP as a sensitive and reliable tool that could be used in future studies on implicit attitudes toward vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Simione
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, CNR, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Monia Vagni
- Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.V.); (T.M.); (V.G.); (D.P.)
| | - Tiziana Maiorano
- Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.V.); (T.M.); (V.G.); (D.P.)
| | - Valeria Giostra
- Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.V.); (T.M.); (V.G.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Pajardi
- Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.V.); (T.M.); (V.G.); (D.P.)
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40
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Hamilton K, Hagger MS. The Vaccination Concerns in COVID-19 Scale (VaCCS): Development and validation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264784. [PMID: 35286331 PMCID: PMC8920277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccines are highly effective in minimizing serious cases of COVID-19 and pivotal to managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite widespread availability, vaccination rates fall short of levels required to bring about widespread immunity, with low rates attributed to vaccine hesitancy. It is therefore important to identify the beliefs and concerns associated with vaccine intentions and uptake. The present study aimed to develop and validate, using the AMEE Guide, the Vaccination Concerns in COVID-19 Scale (VaCCS), a comprehensive measure of beliefs and concerns with respect to COVID-19 vaccines. In the scale development phase, samples of Australian (N = 53) and USA (N = 48) residents completed an initial open-response survey to elicit beliefs and concerns about COVID-19 vaccines. A concurrent rapid literature review was conducted to identify content from existing scales on vaccination beliefs. An initial pool of items was developed informed by the survey responses and rapid review. The readability and face validity of the item pool was assessed by behavioral science experts (N = 5) and non-experts (N = 10). In the scale validation phase, samples of Australian (N = 522) and USA (N = 499) residents completed scaled versions of the final item pool and measures of socio-political, health beliefs and outcomes, and trait measures. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a scale comprising 35 items with 8 subscales, and subsequent confirmatory factor analyses indicated acceptable fit of the scale structure with the data in each sample and factorial invariance across samples. Concurrent and predictive validity tests indicated a theoretically and conceptually predictable pattern of relations between the VaCCS subscales with the socio-political, health beliefs and outcomes, and trait measures, and key subscales predicted intentions to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. The VaCCS provides a novel measure to assess beliefs and concerns toward COVID-19 vaccination that researchers and practitioners can use in its entirety or select specific sub-scales to use according to their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra Hamilton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.,Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Martin S Hagger
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, United States of America.,Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, United States of America.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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41
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Hagger MS, Hamilton K. Predicting COVID-19 booster vaccine intentions. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2022; 14:819-841. [PMID: 35193171 PMCID: PMC9111247 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Achieving broad immunity through vaccination is a cornerstone strategy for long‐term management of COVID‐19 infections, particularly the prevention of serious cases and hospitalizations. Evidence that vaccine‐induced immunity wanes over time points to the need for COVID‐19 booster vaccines, and maximum compliance is required to maintain population‐level immunity. Little is known of the correlates of intentions to receive booster vaccines among previously vaccinated individuals. The present study applied an integrated model to examine effects of beliefs from multiple social cognition theories alongside sets of generalized, stable beliefs on individuals' booster vaccine intentions. US residents (N = 479) recruited from an online survey panel completed measures of social cognition constructs (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and risk perceptions), generalized beliefs (vaccine hesitancy, political orientation, and free will beliefs), and COVID‐19 vaccine intentions. Social cognition constructs were related to booster vaccine intentions, with attitude and subjective norms exhibiting the largest effects. Effects of vaccine hesitancy, political orientation, and free will beliefs on intentions were mediated by the social cognition constructs, and only vaccine hesitancy had a small residual effect on intentions. Findings provide preliminary evidence that contributes to an evidence base of potential targets for intervention messages aimed at promoting booster vaccine intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin S Hagger
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, USA.,Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, USA.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California, USA.,School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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42
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Mistry SK, Ali AM, Yadav UN, Huda MN, Parray AA, Mahumud RA, Mitra D. COVID-19 vaccination coverage is extremely low among older population in Bangladesh: findings from a cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2030624. [PMID: 35176969 PMCID: PMC8993133 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2021 among 1,045 Bangladeshi older adults aged 60 years or above to explore the COVID-19 vaccination coverage and its associated factors. We used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on participants' sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, and COVID-19 related information (selected based on an extensive literature review). A multinomial logistic regression model was used to identify the factors independently associated with vaccine receipt. Nearly, two-thirds of the participants (64.5%) were unvaccinated and 12.5% received a single dose. Among the unvaccinated, approximately 94% reported that there was a problem in accessing the vaccine. We found that participants with formal schooling had 42% lower risk of being unvaccinated (RRR (Relative Risk Ratio) = 0.58, 95% CI 0.42-0.80) or 39% lower risk of receiving a single dose (RRR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.39-0.96) than the participants having no formal schooling. The middle family monthly income groups had 65% higher risk (RRR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.17-2.32) and rural participants had 84% higher risk (RRR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.26-2.70) of not receiving vaccines compared to their counterparts. Also, the participants with non-communicable chronic conditions had a significantly lower risk of being unvaccinated (RRR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.35-0.68) or receiving a single dose (RRR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.31-0.77) compared to their counterparts. This finding may help strengthen the existing efforts to maximize vaccine coverage among older populations in Bangladesh and reach herd immunity to break the transmission chain and gain greater overall population protection more rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabuj Kanti Mistry
- Department of Health Research, ARCED Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Brac James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arm Mehrab Ali
- Department of Health Research, ARCED Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Global Research and Data Support, Innovations for Poverty Action, USA New Haven, CT
| | - Uday Narayan Yadav
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Md Nazmul Huda
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbeltown, NSW, Australia.,School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ateeb Ahmad Parray
- Brac James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rashidul Alam Mahumud
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Dipak Mitra
- Department of Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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43
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Pothisa T, Ong-Artborirak P, Seangpraw K, Tonchoy P, Kantow S, Auttama N, Boonyathee S, Choowanthanapakorn M, Bootsikeaw S, Panta P, Dokpuang D. Knowledge of COVID-19 and Its Relationship with Preventive Behaviors and Vaccination among Adults in Northern Thailand's Community. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031521. [PMID: 35162542 PMCID: PMC8834673 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: the 2019 coronavirus disease outbreak (COVID-19) has posed a major threat to public health and had a significant impact on all areas of people’s lives. Vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed to control the disease, and an array of personal hygiene measures has been introduced. As a result, information that will support and promote vaccination among populations as well as other health measures against COVID-19 are urgently needed. The goal of this research was to look into the knowledge about COVID-19 and how it relates to preventive behaviors and vaccination among people living in rural areas of northern Thailand. (2) Methods: a cross-sectional study was performed in four upper northern provinces of Thailand. A total of 1524 participants were recruited using the probability sampling technique. Questionnaires were distributed to collect data on general health information, as well as knowledge and preventive behaviors regarding COVID-19. (3) Results: more than half (55.9%) of the participants were female and had not received the COVID-19 vaccine (67.2%). Their mean age was 44.13 years. The majority had moderate COVID-19 knowledge and engaged in preventive behaviors (65.5% and 42.0%, respectively). A linear regression model showed that the COVID-19 knowledge score was related to the COVID-19 preventive behaviors score, with a standardized coefficient of 0.510, after adjusting for age, underlying disease, and body mass index (B = 2.64; 95%CI = 2.42, 2.87). Binary logistic regression revealed that after controlling for age, education, occupation, financial status, and current disease (AOR = 1.87; 95%CI = 1.64–2.13), the score of COVID-19 knowledge was significantly associated with having the COVID-19 vaccine. (4) Discussion: knowledge of COVID-19 is very important for people in rural regions to engage in COVID-19 prevention behaviors and vaccination. Relevant government agencies and health network partners should support proactive education campaigns emphasizing the risk of contracting the disease and its severity in order to promote vaccination against COVID-19 among unvaccinated groups. These campaigns can highlight COVID-19’s positive benefit-risk balance in the short and long term and ensure public safety measures against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharadon Pothisa
- School of Medicine, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (T.P.); (S.B.)
| | | | - Katekaew Seangpraw
- School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (S.K.); (N.A.); (M.C.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-61-442-8988
| | - Prakasit Tonchoy
- School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (S.K.); (N.A.); (M.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Supakan Kantow
- School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (S.K.); (N.A.); (M.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Nisarat Auttama
- School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (S.K.); (N.A.); (M.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Sorawit Boonyathee
- School of Medicine, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (T.P.); (S.B.)
| | | | - Sasivimol Bootsikeaw
- School of Public Health, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (S.K.); (N.A.); (M.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Pitakpong Panta
- School of Nursing, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
| | - Dech Dokpuang
- School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
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44
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Nanteer-Oteng E, Kretchy IA, Nanteer DO, Kretchy JP, Osafo J. Hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccination: The role of personality traits, anti-vaccine attitudes and illness perception. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0001435. [PMID: 36962915 PMCID: PMC10021484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is an increased need for COVID-19 vaccination since the world is gradually returning to normal. Current evidence supports vaccination activity more towards viral suppression than COVID-19 prevention. This has led to divergent views regarding vaccination which may influence anti-vaccine attitudes and vaccine hesitancy. The study examined the role of personality traits, anti-vaccine attitudes and illness perceptions on vaccine hesitancy. The study was a cross-sectional survey using snowball and convenience sampling to recruit 492 participants via social media platforms. Multivariate analysis of variance and regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses. The study found that some facets of illness perception (identity, concern, emotional representation and treatment control), extraversion, experience with COVID-19 and anti-vaccine attitudes (mistrust, profiteering, worries about unforeseen effects of vaccine) predicted vaccine hesitancy. The outcomes from this study have implications for achieving public health goals and developing strategies for reaching optimal vaccination targets and attaining herd immunity. Health-promoting programs need to be intensified and could include psychosocial perspectives on vaccine hesitancy so that specific target groups can be reached to be vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene A Kretchy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Deborah Odum Nanteer
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - James-Paul Kretchy
- Public Health Unit, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Central University, Miotso, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Osafo
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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45
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Morales-García WC, Huancahuire-Vega S, Saintila J, Morales-García M, Fernández-Molocho L, Ruiz Mamani PG. Predictors of Intention to Vaccinate Against COVID-19 in a Peruvian Sample. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221092254. [PMID: 35438576 PMCID: PMC9021466 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221092254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination against COVID-19 is considered one of the most effective strategies to control this global public health crisis. However, vaccine hesitancy is one of the main threats to mitigating the pandemic. The present study aimed to identify predictors of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 in 3 geographical regions of Peru. METHODS An online analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants were selected by non-probability convenience sampling and size was estimated using the online statistical calculator proposed by Soper. A total of 529 Peruvian nationals completed the questionnaires. Student's t-test and Fisher's F test (ANOVA) were used. A significance level of .05 was considered. RESULTS Face-to-face work (β = 2.037, P < .001), fear of COVID-19 (β = .461, P < .001), vaccine confidence (β = 2.881, P < .001) and trust in health care institutions (β = .432, P < .01) predict a higher intention to receive the vaccine. However, the variables perception of a worldwide conspiracy (β = -1.900, P < .001), and practice Protestant religion (β = -2.274, P < .001) predict negatively their acceptance. CONCLUSION Several positive predictors of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 have been identified. However, having a perception of a global conspiracy and practice Protestant religion are shown to be risk variables for vaccine acceptance. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies to ensure high uptake and success of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns.
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46
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Aklil MB, Temesgan WZ. Knowledge and Attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccination and Associated Factors among College Students in Northwest Ethiopia,2021. Health Serv Res Manag Epidemiol 2022; 9:23333928221098903. [PMID: 35528024 PMCID: PMC9073108 DOI: 10.1177/23333928221098903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is imperative to ensure optimal vaccine uptake at the population level to combat the deadly COVID-19 pandemic disease. However, refusal of the COVID-19 vaccine, poor knowledge, and a negative attitude towards vaccination are the challenges of the world. College students are among the high-risk subgroups of the population to COVID-19 infection and the main source of information and trust in vaccines to the society. Also, their judgement on vaccine affect the public attitude towards vaccination. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination and associated factors among college students in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 626 study participants in Gondar city. A multistage sampling technique was used to recruit the study participants. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess factors associated with knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination. The level of significance was claimed based on a p-value < 0.05. Results In this study, 46.8% (95% CI: 43.3, 50.6) of study participants had good knowledge and 50% (95% CI: 45.9, 53.7) had a positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination. Having comorbidity disease and being male were significantly associated with good knowledge. In addition, being married, being a health science student, being exposed to mass media, having a good knowledge of COVID-19 vaccination, and having paternal primary education were significantly associated with a positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion In general, knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination among college students are low. Comorbidity disease and sex were predictors of COVID-19 vaccination knowledge, whereas, marital status, category of college students, mass media, paternal education and knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination were predictors of COVID-19 vaccination attitude. Alleviating participants’ concerns and improving their confidence through health education is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mastewal Belayneh Aklil
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Wubedle Zelalem Temesgan
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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47
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Riad A, Jouzová A, Üstün B, Lagová E, Hruban L, Janků P, Pokorná A, Klugarová J, Koščík M, Klugar M. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance of Pregnant and Lactating Women (PLW) in Czechia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13373. [PMID: 34948987 PMCID: PMC8708407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pregnant and lactating women (PLW) represent a particular population subset with increased susceptibility for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, even though the evidence about the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines was delayed due to their initial exclusion from development trials. This unclear situation could have led to increased COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy levels among PLW; therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of Czech PLW towards COVID-19 vaccines and the determinants of their attitudes. An analytical cross-sectional survey-based study was carried out in the University Hospital Brno (South Moravia, Czechia) between August and October 2021. The study utilised a self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) adapted from previous instruments used for the same purpose. The SAQ included closed-ended items covering demographic characteristics, clinical and obstetric characteristics, attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, and potential psychosocial predictors of vaccine acceptance. Out of the 362 included participants, 278 were pregnant (PW) and 84 were lactating women (LW). The overall COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (immediate and delayed) level was substantially high (70.2%), with a significant difference between PW (76.6%) and LW (48.8%). Out of the 70.2% who agreed to receive the vaccine, 3.6% indicated immediate acceptance, and 66.6% indicated delayed acceptance. Only 13.3% of the participants indicated their acceptance of their physician's vaccination recommendation during pregnancy or while lactating, and 62.2% were against it. Our results agreed with the recent studies that revealed that PW tended to have a high level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, and they were also inclined to resist professional recommendations because they predominantly preferred to delay their vaccination. The pregnancy trimester, education level, employment status, and previous live births were significant determinants for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The most commonly preferred vaccine type was mRNA-based vaccines, followed by viral vector-based and inactivated virus vaccines. The first top priority of PLW was vaccine safety for their children, followed by vaccine safety for the PLW and vaccine effectiveness. Regarding psychosocial predictors, media/social media, trust in the government, the pharmaceutical industry, and healthcare professionals, partners, and a positive risk-benefit ratio were significant promoters for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Findings from this study suggest that promotional interventions targeting PLW should use web platforms and focus on vaccine safety evidence, the expected benefits of vaccines and potential harms of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abanoub Riad
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.L.); (M.K.)
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna Jouzová
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brno and Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Obilní Trh 11, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.J.); (L.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Batuhan Üstün
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Namık Kemal Kampüs Caddesi No. 1, Merkez, Tekirdağ 59030, Turkey;
| | - Eliška Lagová
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.L.); (M.K.)
| | - Lukáš Hruban
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brno and Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Obilní Trh 11, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.J.); (L.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Petr Janků
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Brno and Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Obilní Trh 11, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.J.); (L.H.); (P.J.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Pokorná
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (J.K.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Klugarová
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (J.K.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Koščík
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.L.); (M.K.)
| | - Miloslav Klugar
- Czech National Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation (Cochrane Czech Republic, Czech EBHC: JBI Centre of Excellence, Masaryk University GRADE Centre), Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (J.K.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
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Changes in Behaviors and Attitudes in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic and Vaccination in Healthcare Workers and University Students in Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111276. [PMID: 34835207 PMCID: PMC8620652 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the cross-sectional study were to measure how behaviors and attitudes about preventive measures toward COVID-19 changed over time among Italian vaccinated healthcare workers and university students, and the associated characteristics. The study was carried out between February and March 2021 in the city of Naples, Campania region, Southern Italy. The perceived personal risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 after the vaccination was significantly higher among males, in those having a higher perceived personal risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 before the vaccination, and in those who were more concerned about the efficacy of the vaccination. The fear of getting the disease as reason to have the COVID-19 vaccination was reported more frequently in younger participants, in those with at least one chronic medical condition, in those with a higher concern about the severity of COVID-19, in those with a higher level of trust in the information received, and in those who acquired information from scientific journals. Overall, 21.3% were willing to engage the three main public health measures (wearing a mask, careful hand washing, physical distancing) after receiving the second dose of the vaccination compared to the behavior before the pandemic began. This willingness was predicted by a higher level of trust in the information received and by a lower self-rated health status. Only 0.1% of participants were willing to engage all three measures after receiving the second dose of the vaccination compared to the behavior before receiving the first dose. These findings are useful in order to develop information strategies regarding vaccine safety and efficacy and the importance of public health measures against COVID-19.
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49
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Positive Association between Individualism and Vaccination Resistance against COVID-19 Vaccination among Chinese Adults: Mediations via Perceived Personal and Societal Benefits. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111225. [PMID: 34835156 PMCID: PMC8622482 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vaccination resistance is the key hurdle against herd immunity as it limits the final vaccination coverage. This study investigated the prevalence and factors of COVID-19 vaccination resistance (i.e., those indicating definitely not taking up COVID-19 vaccination), including individualism, perceived personal benefits (PPB) and perceived societal benefits (PSB) of COVID-19 vaccination, and related mechanisms of the association. Methods: A random telephone survey interviewed 395 unvaccinated adults aged 18–75 not having scheduled for COVID-19 vaccination in May 2021 in Hong Kong, China (response rate = 56.8%). Results: The prevalence of vaccination resistance was 56.5%. Adjusted for background factors, individualism, PPB, and PSB were significantly associated with vaccination resistance. Path analysis showed that individualism exhibited a direct effect on vaccination resistance and a 3-step indirect effect (individualism → PSB → PPB→ vaccination resistance) that explained 46.8% of the total effect. The two 2-step indirect paths via PPB only and via PSB only were non-significant. Conclusion: High prevalence of vaccination resistance was observed. Individualism increased vaccination resistance via its direct and indirect effects. Health promotion may emphasize collective good to reduce the impact of individualism and promote PPB/PSB, which may reduce vaccination resistance directly and alleviate the impact of individualism on vaccination resistance indirectly.
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