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Wibrianto A, Saputra YJ, Sugito SFA, Khairunisa SQ, Rachman BE, Nasronudin N, Megasari NLA, Chang JY, Fahmi MZ. Potential usage of boron modified carbon nanodots as a marker candidate for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) antibody detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116242. [PMID: 38870834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The global outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019 has highlighted rapid and accurate diagnostic tools for effective intervention. While the RT-PCR test offers 86 % sensitivity, uncertainties often require supplementary screening. This research investigates how carbon dots (CDs) can be utilized as markers for COVID-19 antibodies, taking advantage of their biocompatibility and low toxicity. CDs were synthesized using citric acid (CA) and APBA with boronic acid, enabling the detection of COVID-19 IgG antibodies with increased absorbance and fluorescence. Comprehensive analyses confirmed the successful synthesis of APBA-CDs, prompting further exploration of their impact on SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Increased absorbance levels were observed in categories K1, K2, and K3, attributed to the introduction of CDs into plasma, indicating effective binding of APBA-CDs to COVID-19 antibodies. In addition, the fluorescence tests consistently showed heightened levels across all categories, emphasizing the effective binding of APBA-CDs with COVID-19 antibodies, particularly in positive plasma samples. As a part of our analysis, we conducted a PCA test to validate the data, which revealed that APBA-CDs are specific to IgG+ antibodies. The results showed a sensitivity rate of 74 % and a specificity rate of 53 %, while, when tested for IgM antibodies, the sensitivity and specificity rates were 63 % and 27 %, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of APBA-CDs as a sensitive and specific marker for COVID-19 antibody detection, offering potential for diagnostic tool development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswandi Wibrianto
- Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Supra Modification Nano-Micro Engineering Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Yudha J Saputra
- Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Siti F A Sugito
- Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Supra Modification Nano-Micro Engineering Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Siti Q Khairunisa
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Brian E Rachman
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Nasronudin Nasronudin
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Ni Luh A Megasari
- Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Jia-Yaw Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mochamad Z Fahmi
- Department of Chemistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia; Supra Modification Nano-Micro Engineering Research Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
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Plante J, Kucksdorf J, Ruzich J, Young JL, Rhon DI. Do Maladaptive Imaging Beliefs Predict Self-Reported Pain Interference and Physical Function in Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024; 54:608-617. [PMID: 39213308 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2024.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine if maladaptive imaging beliefs correlated with, and predicted pain interference and physical function outcomes in people with musculoskeletal pain disorders. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study of patients with musculoskeletal disorders receiving outpatient physical therapy from April 2022 to August 2023. METHODS: Four questions about imaging were asked to assess maladaptive beliefs, the need to rule out serious conditions, guide treatment, determine diagnosis, and validate symptoms. Correlations with beliefs and outcomes were assessed using Kendall's tau rank and Spearman's rho correlation coefficients. Generalized linear models determined if these beliefs predicted outcomes at baseline and 6 weeks. RESULTS: The cohort included 152 participants (mean [standard deviation] age: 56.13 [15.13]; 32.2% male). Maladaptive imaging beliefs correlated positively with pain interference and negatively with physical function. The need to rule out serious conditions and validate symptoms correlated with pain interference (range: τb = 0.17, 0.20; P = .003, .0121) and physical function (range: ρ = -0.22, -0.22; P = .006, .008). All but 1 belief correlated with pain interference (range: τb = 0.19, 0.24; P<.001, .004) and physical function (range: ρ = -0.26, -0.21; P = .001, .009) at 6 weeks. Each additional belief slightly increased pain interference at 6 weeks (β = 0.01; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.03; P = .04) and lowered physical function at both baseline (β = -0.97; 95% CI: -1.66, -0.28; P = .01) and 6 weeks (β = -0.76; 95% CI: -1.37, -0.15; P = .02). CONCLUSION: Maladaptive imaging beliefs were significantly (albeit weakly) correlated with pain and physical function. Each additional maladaptive imaging belief increased pain interference at 6 weeks and lowered physical function at baseline and 6 weeks. Beliefs about the necessity of imaging to properly manage musculoskeletal disorders may influence outcomes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(9):1-10. Epub 5 July 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12625.
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Dunbar P, McGrane N, Keyes LM. The Association of Organizational, Environmental, and Staffing Characteristics of Residential Care Facilities and the Risk Rating of Statutory Notifications: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ireland. J Patient Saf 2024; 20:131-137. [PMID: 38015198 DOI: 10.1097/pts.0000000000001185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Safety incidents (SIs) are an indicator of quality in health and social care services. Safety incident research has largely focused on acute health care settings. We aimed to examine the association of organizational, environmental, and staffing characteristics of residential care facilities (RCFs) and severity of regulatory SI notifications. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of SI notifications to the regulator for social care in Ireland received in 2018 and 2019. The mean risk rating of SI notifications for each RCF was used as the outcome. Regression analysis was conducted for the association of RCF characteristics (beds, staff to bed ratio, staff full-time equivalent (FTE), nurse to bed ratio, nurse FTE, number of RCF operated by the service provider, non-statutory or statutory provider) and the outcome, separately for nursing homes and residential disability services. RESULTS A total of 53,268 SI notifications were received. One thousand nine hundred RCFs were operational during the period: 594 (31.3%) for RCF-Nursing home and 1304 (68.7%) for RCF-Disability. For nursing homes, in the most adjusted model, the number of RCF operated by a provider ( β coefficient [95% confidence interval] = 0.508 [0.223-0.793]) was positively associated with mean risk rating of SI. For disability services, the following characteristics were positively associated in the most adjusted model: beds (0.081; 0.060-0.101), staff to bed ratio (0.068; 0.017-0.120), nurse to bed ratio (0.356; 0.044-0.667), staff FTE (0.029; 0.015-0.042), and number of RCF operated by a provider (0.067; 0.050-0.084). CONCLUSIONS Various modifiable organizational, environmental, and staffing characteristics and severity of SI notifications were associated in this study, most of which were related to RCF-Disability. Policymakers and providers of social care services should be cognizant of the relationship of these characteristics and severity of SI, when designing and planning residential care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dunbar
- From the Health Information and Quality Authority, Mahon, Cork, Ireland
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Ellen M, Correia L, Levinson W. Choosing wisely 10 years later: reflection and looking ahead. BMJ Evid Based Med 2024; 29:10-13. [PMID: 37479242 DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moriah Ellen
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Luis Correia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Wendy Levinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Lewis S, Downing C, Hayre CM. Radiation Protection among South African Diagnostic Radiographers-A Mixed Method Study. HEALTH PHYSICS 2023; 124:208-216. [PMID: 36719936 PMCID: PMC9855727 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Worldwide, radiographers' radiation protection practices vary. In South Africa, evidence of diagnostic radiographers' suboptimal radiation protection practices has been reported, but the reasons for these practices and suggestions to improve practices were lacking. Therefore, this study explored radiation protection among South African diagnostic radiographers. This study used an explanatory, sequential, mixed-method approach. Data were collected in three phases. Phase I, the quantitative phase, used an online questionnaire and respondents from Phase I interested in participating in Phase II, the qualitative phase, were interviewed, yielding 13 in-depth semi-structured telephone interviews. In Phase III, eight radiography managers co-constructed change strategies to optimize radiation protection in South Africa in two focus group interviews. Radiation protection was suboptimal despite diagnostic radiographers having a good attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control toward radiation protection and optimal radiation protection knowledge. Varying attitudes to radiation protection, lack of resources, and support from radiography management and healthcare teams contributed to suboptimal radiation protection practices. Radiography managers suggested increasing radiation protection awareness, ameliorating the diminished stature of the radiographer in the healthcare team, and increasing the availability of optimal quality resources. South African diagnostic radiographers' radiation protection knowledge was optimal, but the implementation of radiation protection varied and was influenced by multiple factors. A radiation protection culture supported by management is advocated to optimize radiation protection. However, ultimately radiation protection practices are incumbent on the individual radiographers' choice to practice radiation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantel Lewis
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, 6306a John Orr Building, Doornfontein, Corner Simert and Biet St., Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Charlene Downing
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Office 6105D, West Wing North, John Orr Building, Doornfontein Campus, Corner Siemert and Biet St., Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Christopher M. Hayre
- School of Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, College of Medicine and Health, Room 1.32, South Cloisters, Devon, 79 Heavitree Rd., Exeter EX1 2LT, United Kingdom
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San Valentin EMD, Barcena AJR, Klusman C, Martin B, Melancon MP. Nano-embedded medical devices and delivery systems in interventional radiology. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1841. [PMID: 35946543 PMCID: PMC9840652 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials research has significantly accelerated the development of the field of vascular and interventional radiology. The incorporation of nanoparticles with unique and functional properties into medical devices and delivery systems has paved the way for the creation of novel diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for various clinical disorders. In this review, we discuss the advancements in the field of interventional radiology and the role of nanotechnology in maximizing the benefits and mitigating the disadvantages of interventional radiology theranostic procedures. Several nanomaterials have been studied to improve the efficacy of interventional radiology interventions, reduce the complications associated with medical devices, improve the accuracy and efficiency of drug delivery systems, and develop innovative imaging modalities. Here, we summarize the recent progress in the development of medical devices and delivery systems that link nanotechnology in vascular and interventional radiology. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Marie D San Valentin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- St. Luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H. Quasha Memorial, Quezon City, Philippines
| | | | - Carleigh Klusman
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin Martin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marites P Melancon
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
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Lewis S, Downing C, Hayre CM. Using the theory of planned behaviour to determine radiation protection among South African diagnostic radiographers: a cross-sectional survey. J Med Radiat Sci 2022; 69:47-55. [PMID: 34427051 PMCID: PMC8892438 DOI: 10.1002/jmrs.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of ionising radiation in medicine accounts for the majority of radiation exposure from artificial sources. Therefore, all measures to safeguard against unnecessary radiation exposure must be taken. As radiographers are central to radiation protection, this study aimed to determine South African radiographers' attitude towards radiation protection, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control concerning radiation protection. METHODS This quantitative cross-sectional study used an online theory of a planned behaviour radiation protection questionnaire shared through social media platforms from August 2019 to February 2020. Diagnostic radiographers registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa and employed at radiology departments in South Africa were invited to participate in the study. RESULTS Four hundred and seventeen radiographers in South Africa responded to the questionnaire. The majority of respondents (90%, n = 376) plan to use radiation protection; however, only 16% continuously used radiation protection in the past. Respondents felt that using radiation protection was extremely good (72.2%), pleasant (47%), beneficial (74.1%), rewarding (55.2%) and worth the time (52.5%); 57% of respondents indicated that using radiation protection takes longer to complete the examination. Respondents report that approval from patients (43.5%), patients' family (32%), radiographer coworkers (31%), radiology managers (47%) and radiologists (43.9%) is very much important to them. CONCLUSION The study shows that even though fewer respondents use radiation protection at present, most respondents plan and intend to use radiation protection measures. Respondents felt that radiation protection was good and beneficial, with some respondents feeling that radiation protection is not worth the time, which coincide with lengthening the examination. Overall, South African radiographers' attitudes towards radiation protection, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and radiation protection intention were high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantel Lewis
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation SciencesFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinSouth Africa
| | - Charlene Downing
- Department of NursingFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of JohannesburgSouth Africa
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pediatric orthopaedic patients have the potential for significant radiation exposure from the use of imaging studies, such as computed tomography and bone scintigraphy. With the potential for long-term treatment, such as is required for scoliosis or osteogenesis imperfecta, patients are at even greater risk of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. DISCUSSION Although an association between radiation and cancer risk is evident, causation is difficult to prove because comorbidities or genetic predispositions may play a role in the higher baseline rates of malignancy later in life. Efforts have been made over the years to reduce exposure using more modern imaging techniques and simple radiation reduction strategies. Educational efforts and clinical practice guidelines are decreasing the rate of computed tomography scan use in pediatrics. Although considerable work is being done on the development of radiation-free imaging modalities, imaging that uses ionizing radiation will, in the near term, be necessary in specific circumstances to provide optimal care to pediatric orthopaedic patients. CONCLUSION Knowledge of the ionizing radiation exposure associated with commonly used tests as well as radiation-reduction strategies is essential for the optimal and safe care of pediatric orthopaedic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Sawyer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tennessee/Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN
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Tarkiainen T, Turpeinen M, Haapea M, Liukkonen E, Niinimäki J. Investigating errors in medical imaging: medical malpractice cases in Finland. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:86. [PMID: 34184113 PMCID: PMC8238384 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objectives of the study were to survey patient injury claims concerning medical imaging in Finland in 1991–2017, and to investigate the nature of the incidents, the number of claims, the reasons for the claims, and the decisions made concerning the claims. Materials and methods The research material consisted of patient claims concerning imaging, sent to the Finnish Patient Insurance Centre (PVK). The data contained information on injury dates, the examination code, the decision code, the description of the injury, and the medical grounds for decisions. Results The number of claims included in the study was 1054, and the average number per year was 87. The most common cause was delayed diagnosis (404 claims, 38.3%). Most of the claims concerned mammography (314, 29.8%), radiography (170, 16.1%), and MRI (162, 15.4%). According to the decisions made by the PVK, there were no delays in 54.6% of the examinations for which claims were made. About 30% of all patient claims received compensation, the most typical reason being medical malpractice (27.7%), followed by excessive injuries and injuries caused by infections, accidents and equipment (2.7%). Conclusion Patient injury in imaging examinations and interventions cannot be completely prevented. However, injury data are an important source of information for health care. By analysing claims, we can prevent harm, increase the quality of care, and improve patient safety in medical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarja Tarkiainen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Miia Turpeinen
- Administrative Centre, Research Unit of Biomedicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marianne Haapea
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Esa Liukkonen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jaakko Niinimäki
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Assessment of computed tomography radiation doses for paediatric head and chest examinations using paediatric phantoms of three different ages. Radiography (Lond) 2020; 27:332-339. [PMID: 32972850 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of computed tomography (CT) scanners, the assessment of the radiation dose received by the patient has become a heavily researched topic and may result in a reduction in radiation exposure risk. In this study, radiation doses were measured using three paediatric phantoms for head and chest CT examinations in Najran, Saudi Arabia. METHODS Thirteen scanners were included in the study to estimate the CT radiation doses using three phantoms representing three age groups (1-, 5-, and 10-year-old patients). RESULTS The volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) estimated for each phantom ranged from 6.56 to 41.12 mGy and 0.292 to 11.10 mGy for the head and chest examinations, respectively. The estimation of lifetime attributable risk (LAR) indicated that the cancer risk could reach approximately 0.02-0.16% per 500 children undergoing head and chest CT examinations. CONCLUSION The comparison with the published data of the European Commission (EC) and countries reported in this study revealed that the mean CTDIvol for the head examinations was within the recommended dose reference levels (DRLs). Meanwhile, chest results exceeded the international DRLs for the one-year-old phantoms, suggesting that optimisation work is required at a number of sites. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The variation among CT doses reported in this study showed that substantial standardisation is needed.
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