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Liu Y, Su Y, Li X. Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infertile patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psych J 2024. [PMID: 38894564 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infertile patients. We adopted a comparison design and searched articles published from 1 September 2016 to 31 December 2019 as the control group, while articles published from 1 January 2020 to 31 April 2023 were treated as the pandemic group. Specifically, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, PsycArticle, CNKI and PsycINFO were searched to identify potential eligible records. Risk of bias was assessed, and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the prevalence of specific mental health problems. Forty studies with a total of 19,480 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of anxiety in the pandemic group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The depression and stress prevalence in the pandemic group was higher than that in the control group, yet did not reach statistical significance. A subgroup analysis revealed region differences with developed countries exhibiting higher rates of anxiety and depression in the pandemic group, but the result was the opposite in the control group. Physiological factors, psychological factors and social factors correlated with infertile patients' mental health were identified. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on infertile patients' mental health, emphasizing the importance of ways to mitigate the risks during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiyao Su
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoshan Li
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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Iranifard E, Yas A, Mansouri Ghezelhesari E, Taghipour A, Mahmoudinia M, Latifnejad Roudsari R. Treatment suspension due to the coronavirus pandemic and mental health of infertile patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:174. [PMID: 38218778 PMCID: PMC10787415 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to fertility treatments is considered a reproductive right, but because of the quarantine due to the coronavirus pandemic most infertility treatments were suspended, which might affect the psychological and emotional health of infertile patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to review the mental health of infertile patients facing treatment suspension due to the coronavirus pandemic. METHODS This study was conducted based on the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guideline. The Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane library databases were searched by two independent researchers, without time limitation until 31 December 2022. All observational studies regarding the mental health of infertile patients facing treatment suspension including anxiety, depression, and stress were included in the study. Qualitative studies, editorials, brief communications, commentaries, conference papers, guidelines, and studies with no full text were excluded. Quality assessment was carried out using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale by two researchers, independently. The random effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of mental health problems. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were used to confirm the sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS Out of 681 studies, 21 studies with 5901 infertile patients were systematically reviewed, from which 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results of all pooled studies showed that the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress in female patients was 48.4% (95% CI 34.8-62.3), 42% (95% CI 26.7-59.4), and 55% (95% CI 45.4-65), respectively. Additionally, 64.4% (95% CI 50.7-76.1) of patients wished to resume their treatments despite the coronavirus pandemic. CONCLUSION Treatment suspension due to the coronavirus pandemic negatively affected the mental health of infertile patients. It is important to maintain the continuity of fertility care, with special attention paid to mental health of infertile patients, through all the possible measures even during a public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Iranifard
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atefeh Yas
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ali Taghipour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Mahmoudinia
- Maternal and Neonatal Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Robab Latifnejad Roudsari
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Yee S, Lindsay EA, Laszlo TL, Fine JL, Swanberg L, Librach CL. A qualitative analysis of gestational surrogates' healthcare experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Midwifery 2024; 128:103888. [PMID: 37995548 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE No empirical data are available on the healthcare experiences of surrogates during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the impact of pandemic-control measures on surrogates' fertility, pregnancy and birthing experiences. METHODS Sampling frame included eligible surrogates who were actively involved in a surrogacy process at an academic IVF centre during the pandemic (03/2020 to 02/2022). Data were collected between 29/04/2022 and 31/07/2022 using an anonymous 85-item online survey that included twelve open-ended questions. Free-text comments were analysed by thematic analysis. FINDINGS The response rate was 50.7% (338/667). Of the 320 completed surveys used for analysis, 609 comments were collected from 206 respondents. Twelve main themes and thirty-six sub-themes grouped under 'vaccination', 'fertility treatment', 'pregnancy care', and 'surrogacy birth' were identified. Three in five surrogates found the control measures highly or moderately affected their surrogacy experiences. Themes involving loneliness and isolation frequently emerged when essential surrogacy support was restricted by the visitor protocols implemented at healthcare facilities. DISCUSSION Our findings show that restricting or limiting intended parents' in-person involvement increased surrogates' feelings of isolation and made the overall surrogacy experience less rewarding and fulfilling. Furthermore, the childbirth experiences of surrogates were mostly negative, suggesting that hospitals were ill-equipped to manage all births, including surrogacy births, during the pandemic. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Our findings highlight the needs to rethink how surrogacy care and maternity services could be strengthened to better serve the needs of surrogates during times of public health crises, such as COVID-19, while still allowing for risk mitigation and maximising patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Yee
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada.
| | - Emma A Lindsay
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tali L Laszlo
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacob L Fine
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leia Swanberg
- Canadian Fertility Consulting, Cobourg, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clifford L Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, 790 Bay Street, Suite 1100, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1N8, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Endocrinology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Gynecology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Correa Rancel M, Sosa Comino E, Leon-Larios F, Suárez Hernández Y, Carballo Lorenzo J, Gomez-Baya D, Baez Quintana D. Emotional Distress Caused by the Measures Taken in Assisted Reproductive Treatments during the COVID-19 Confinement in Spain. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7069. [PMID: 38002682 PMCID: PMC10672169 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
During the pandemic, assisted reproductive treatments suffered from major disruptions in their terms due to the restrictions imposed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of anxiety of women whose treatments were either suspended or delayed. METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between April and May 2020. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was applied by telephone in a Spanish adapted version. The research also included social, personal, and work aspects which may be involved in the challenging situation. RESULTS A total of 115 patients participated in the study (73.7%). Women showed a mean in trait anxiety of 17.79 (SD = 8.80) and a mean in state anxiety of 19.95 (SD = 9.08). Neither the type of treatment nor the time of infertility were predictors of trait anxiety or state anxiety. Greater age pressure and more worry were associated to greater trait and state anxiety (p < 0.001). The most common emotional reactions to discontinuation of fertility treatments were sadness and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Discontinuation of fertility treatments due to confinement restrictions had a negative impact on the mental health of women who were following a process of assisted reproduction treatment, increasing their levels of emotional distress and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Correa Rancel
- Human Reproduction Unit, Gynecology Service, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (M.C.R.); (E.S.C.); (Y.S.H.); (J.C.L.); (D.B.Q.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia-Ginecología, Pediatría, Preventiva, Medicina Legal y Forense, Microbiología, Parasitología, Universidad de la Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Elena Sosa Comino
- Human Reproduction Unit, Gynecology Service, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (M.C.R.); (E.S.C.); (Y.S.H.); (J.C.L.); (D.B.Q.)
| | | | - Yaiza Suárez Hernández
- Human Reproduction Unit, Gynecology Service, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (M.C.R.); (E.S.C.); (Y.S.H.); (J.C.L.); (D.B.Q.)
| | - Janet Carballo Lorenzo
- Human Reproduction Unit, Gynecology Service, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (M.C.R.); (E.S.C.); (Y.S.H.); (J.C.L.); (D.B.Q.)
| | - Diego Gomez-Baya
- Department of Social, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Delia Baez Quintana
- Human Reproduction Unit, Gynecology Service, University Hospital of the Canary Islands, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (M.C.R.); (E.S.C.); (Y.S.H.); (J.C.L.); (D.B.Q.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia-Ginecología, Pediatría, Preventiva, Medicina Legal y Forense, Microbiología, Parasitología, Universidad de la Laguna, 38200 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Lizán Tudela C, Cuevas Sáiz I, Abad de Velasco L, Gregori Navarro L, Comellas M, Pérez-Sádaba FJ, Lizán L. The Perspective of Patients and Health Professionals on the Prioritization of Assisted Reproductive Techniques. The PRIOFER Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:2641-2653. [PMID: 37927341 PMCID: PMC10624199 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s421041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the perspective of patients and professionals in Assisted Reproduction Units (ARU) on the importance of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) compared to other elective procedures, to highlight the relevance of ART as an elective procedure and the impact of delayed interventions on patients. Design Patients and Methods An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, online survey-based study was conducted in infertility patients and partners (n=98) and ARU healthcare professionals (n=83). The survey included a best-worst scaling (BWS) experiment and an ad-hoc questionnaire to analyze the pandemic impact on ART management and infertility patients in Spain. In the BWS, each respondent established priorities choosing which patient profile should be rated as the highest and lowest priority profile on a waiting list. To understand the importance that they give to assisted reproduction compared to other procedures, three very common elective procedures involving different patient profiles were selected: cataract surgery, knee arthroplasty, and varicose vein surgery. For each procedure, three hypothetical patient profiles corresponding to three different degrees of severity on a waiting list were designed. Results Patients attributed greater importance to ART profiles (BWS score: patients 0.14 vs professionals -0.05; p<0.01) whereas professionals prioritized cataract surgery (patients 0.06 vs professionals 0.23; p<0.01). Concerning the profile severity, more severe profiles were prioritized in all procedures by both groups. Patients' and professionals' perspectives on the impact of the pandemic were similar, with exceptions: information received for resuming ART; health care provision in crisis situations; and reduction of parenting options. The pandemic affected patients' ability to conceive a child (70.4% of those surveyed), their psychological well-being (75.5%), and partner, social, and work relationships (69.4%). Conclusion Preference studies involving patients and professionals can provide important information to define framework criteria for the management of waiting lists for elective procedures, and to prioritize interventions during pandemic periods. The pandemic impact on infertility patients highlights the relevance of developing measures and strategies to cope with similar future situations in the most appropriate way.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Lizán Tudela
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | - Irene Cuevas Sáiz
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, 46014, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Abad de Velasco
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, 46014, Spain
| | - Laura Gregori Navarro
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, 46010, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Lizán
- Outcomes 10 SLU, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Jaume I University, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
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Azzahra F, Pangestu M, Lestari SW, Pratama G. Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Three IVF Clinics of Jakarta, Indonesia: A Retrospective Qualitative and Quantitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2023; 17:254-258. [PMID: 37577908 PMCID: PMC10439993 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2023.562118.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic also led to a reduction or even the suspension of elective health services. These decisions affected in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to map the readiness of IVF clinics in providing safety in this situation and in the future. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective qualitative and quantitative research done in 2021 that involved three IVF clinics of Jakarta, Indonesia. Those three clinics were government-owned, private-owned, and educational and training center. The qualitative data of each clinic's readiness towards COVID-19 was obtained from interviews with the clinics staff. The quantitative data were collected from the clinics patients' number and demographic data from 2019-2021 as well as from COVID-19 databases. Both data sets were analysed descriptively and only for the quantitative analysis Stata version 16 was used. RESULTS There were changes in the domiciles and number of patients attending the three clinics. The ratio of patients from Jakarta increased while patients from outside Java Island decreased. There was a drop in annual patient numbers in 2020. However, from June 2020 to December 2021, the number of monthly IVF cycles increased significantly by 3.5 cycles per month (P=0.001). There was no association between IVF patients' attendance numbers and COVID-19 cases (P=0.785). One of the clinics had a negative pressure operating theatre, which made them more confident in treating patients with COVID-19 positive and made them even had higher IVF cycles started than the pre-pandemic period. CONCLUSION Those three clinics are prepared in facing COVID-19, as they complied with government regulations. As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, the number of patients gradually returned to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fira Azzahra
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - Mulyoto Pangestu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Gita Pratama
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Gur A, Hindi TN, Mashiach S, Roth D, Keren M. Parental reflective functioning and coping among parents of toddlers with severe developmental disabilities: An early integrative bio-psycho-social rehabilitative intervention in daycare facilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 139:104555. [PMID: 37348329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental reflective functioning has a positive effect on parents' wellbeing. It is associated with positive outcomes for their children. However, there is little research on it among parents of toddlers with severe developmental disabilities. AIMS We examined an early bio-psycho-social rehabilitative intervention with parents of toddlers with severe developmental disabilities in daycare programs and its contribution to their parental reflective functioning and coping. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Seventy parents of children (ages 3 months to two and half years) responded to measures before and after the intervention in their children's daycare programs. Structural equation modeling of the mediation model revealed that the therapeutic inputs were associated with more adaptive coping strategies by increasing parental reflective functioning. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Parents who participated in an intervention of 13 sessions or more significantly increased their reflective functioning. The path analysis showed that parental reflective functioning after the intervention mediated the association between its prior level and the therapeutic inputs, and the parents' proactivity and search for support. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Parental reflective functioning positively affects parents' adaptive coping styles. A bio-psycho-social intervention targeting parental reflective functioning benefits parents of toddlers with severe developmental disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Gur
- Social Work Department, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel.
| | - Tali-Noy Hindi
- School of Political Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Dana Roth
- Beit Issie Shapiro, Ra'anana, Israel
| | - Miri Keren
- Medical school, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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Vieira FDA, Neto RP, Morila MCG, Curimbaba JB, Pasquini DS, Felchner PCZ, Wandresen G, Pachnicki JPA. Fertility Does not Quarantine: Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Impacts on in Vitro Fertilization Clinical Pregnancy Rates. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2023; 45:142-148. [PMID: 37105198 PMCID: PMC10166647 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinical pregnancy rates and analyze factors that may have influenced their outcome. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary-care Brazilian fertility center. All fresh IVF and embryo warming cycles performed from March 11 to December 31, 2018-2021 were analyzed, and their data were used to calculate fertilization, embryo cleavage, cycle cancellation, embryo transfer (ET), and clinical pregnancy rates. Statistical tests were used to evaluate the alterations found. Logistic regression models were used to explore the association of the categorical variables with the observed clinical pregnancy rates. Data from 2018 and 2019 (prepandemic) and 2020 and 2021 (pandemic) were grouped. RESULTS A total of 756 cycles were analyzed (n = 360 prepandemic and n = 396 pandemic). The age group of the patients, fertilization rates, and cleavage rates did not have significant differences (p > 0.05). There was a reduction in the percentage of fresh IVF and an increase in embryo warming cycles (p = 0.005) during the pandemic. There was also an increase in fresh cycle cancellations (p < 0.001) and a reduction in ET rates (p < 0.001). The pandemic had a negative impact on clinical pregnancy rates (p < 0.001) especially due to the increase in fresh cycle cancellations (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Embryo warming cycles with subsequent frozen-thawed ET were presented as a viable alternative to continue assisted reproductive treatments against pandemic restrictions on fresh cycles, ensuring clinical pregnancy, albeit at a lower rate than that of the prepandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo Wandresen
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Human Reproduction, Embryo Human Reproduction Center, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Jan Pawel Andrade Pachnicki
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Tocogynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mackenzie Evangelical College of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Rodino IS, Goedeke S, Oxlad M, Nowoweiski SJ. Physical and psychological wellbeing among Australian and New Zealand patients seeking fertility treatment during COVID-19. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2172996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda S. Rodino
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Sonja Goedeke
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Oxlad
- School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Nowoweiski
- Counselling Services Manager, Newlife IVF Suite 3, Box Hill North, Australia
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Pappa K, Xydias EM, Ziogas AC, Bimba K, Tsakos E, Kolibianakis E. The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Female Patients Seeking or Undergoing Fertility Treatment in a Single In vitro Fertilisation Clinic in Greece: An International, Cross-sectional Study. J Hum Reprod Sci 2023; 16:50-56. [PMID: 37305776 PMCID: PMC10256943 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_11_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The temporary delay in fertility treatments due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, in combination with the imposed lockdowns, has created psychological distress and anxiety amongst infertile patients. Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate how the pandemic has influenced assisted reproduction technology (ART) patients in Greece, during the second wave of the pandemic. An additional aim was to examine the effects of the pandemic on cross-border patients in particular, compared to national ones. Settings and Design This study was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study, distributed to 409 patients of a single in vitro fertilisation (IVF) clinic in Greece, during the period between January until the end of April 2021. Materials and Methods The survey was conducted online via E-mail and was distributed to national and international female patients of a single IVF clinic in Greece, who were undergoing ART treatment during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patient participation was anonymous, and participants provided informed consent for collection and publication of data. Statistical Analysis Used The mean values of baseline characteristics, along with answer percentages per questionnaire item, were calculated. Collected data were cross-tabulated, and the Chi-square test was used as a measurement of the differences between national and cross-border patients. A P value lower than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All analyses were conducted using the SPSS Statistics software. Results From 409 initial candidates, 106 women, with a mean age of 41.2 years, completed the questionnaire (26% response rate). The majority of national patients did not experience any delays in their fertility plans (62%), while cross-border patients experienced over 6 months of delays (54.7%). The main reason for fertility postponement was travel restrictions due to COVID-19 for cross-border patients (62.5%), while national patients cited additional reasons. The majority of patients experienced a degree of stress (65.2%) due to the delays, however were not fearful of COVID-19 infection (54.7%). Most patients were aware of the protective measures taken by IVF clinics (80.2%), and this was a determinant factor (71.7%) for their decision to restart their fertility treatment. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns had a significant emotional impact on patient receiving or undergoing ART treatment in Greece. This impact was more pronounced on cross-border patients. This highlights the need for continuation of ART care, with the appropriate protective measures, during the pandemic, as well as during similar times of crisis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emmanouil M. Xydias
- Embryo Clinic IVF, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Apostolos C. Ziogas
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | - Efstratios Kolibianakis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Human Reproduction, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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11
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Irani M, Bashtian MH, Soltani N, Khabiri F. Impact of COVID-19 on mental health of infertile couple: A rapid systematic review. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:404. [PMID: 36824404 PMCID: PMC9942163 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1655_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Infertile couples experience a lot of psychological stress due to the inability to achieve the desired social role. Couples who decide to continue assisted reproductive therapy (ART) during the epidemic also experience the psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, which affects their daily lives due to social isolation, quarantine, travel restrictions, and cancellation of treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the mental health of infertile couple pausing or delaying their treatment due to the COVID-19 pandemic. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and the World Health Organization databases and websites were systematically searched for original studies concerning abortion in the era of COVID-19 pandemic published by August 15, 2021. We used the following keywords: "COVID-19 Corona virus, infertility, reproductive technique, fertilization, assisted reproduction, pregnant termination, psychological, in vitro mental status, depressive symptoms, and anxiety." In sum, after automatically and manually search and excluding duplicates, 269 articles were found. In final, after screening, 18 articles were selected. Most patients experienced negative emotions during the COVID-19 epidemic. When reproductive services were re-established, participants showed higher levels of anxiety and lower quality of life than before quarantine. Women who thought pregnancy was more important than getting COVID-19 had higher levels of anxiety than women who thought otherwise (P < 0.05). The COVID-19 pandemic has negative impacts on the mental health and quality of life of patients seeking fertility services and coping with it requires timely and appropriate psychological intervention, accurate information, and social and organizational support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Irani
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
- Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Maryam Hassanzadeh Bashtian
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Narges Soltani
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khabiri
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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12
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Claydon EA, Davidson DL, McCarty KM, Wang J. I Had to Go in a Bubble: Investigating the Effects of COVID-19 on Fertility Treatments and Nutrition. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2022; 3:617-623. [PMID: 35814606 PMCID: PMC9258793 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2022.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Individuals modify their lifestyles including nutrition to improve fertility. The COVID-19 pandemic limited access to clinical offices or resulted in the closure of fertility clinics. The pandemic also impacted diet through reduced availability and lifestyle choices. This article's purpose was to understand the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on diet, lifestyle, and the course of fertility treatment. Methods: The research was conducted through qualitative data collected for a larger study regarding fertility and nutritional guidance. Thematic analysis from eight interviews was used to uncover major and subthemes among the transcripts. Results: The results showed two resulting main themes: disruption and distress on the fertility journey of these individuals, as well as the added stress of limited food access, which reduced their ability to continue their dietary choices. Conclusions: Our findings indicate substantial disruptions to food access and to individuals' fertility treatment during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations from these findings suggest that consistent clinic policies can allow for increased support system integration. A further recommendation is the need for a multidisciplinary team to support the individuals going through fertility treatments, such as a registered dietitian to help meal plan around their diet protocol. A registered dietitian would be able to assist patients in making adjustments when faced with limited access to certain food resources as a result of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Claydon
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Diana L Davidson
- Department of Sociology, West Virginia University Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kathleen M McCarty
- Child Health Research Center, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeffrey Wang
- American Fertility Services, Greenwich, Connecticut, USA
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13
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Paterlini M, Neri E, Nicoli A, Genova F, Villani MT, Santi S, Agostini F. Emotions, Stress and Coping among Healthcare Workers in a Reproductive Medicine Unit during the First and Second COVID-19 Lockdowns. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105899. [PMID: 35627436 PMCID: PMC9141561 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global healthcare workers’ (HCWs) mental health has been well documented in the last two years; however, little is known regarding HCWs working in specific healthcare fields. During two subsequent periods of national lockdown in Italy (June–July 2020, T1, and November–December 2020, T2), a total sample of 47 HCWs working in a reproductive medicine hospital unit completed an ad hoc questionnaire for assessing emotional reactions to the pandemic, stress symptoms, and ways of coping. Moderate–high levels of anger and sadness were experienced by 65.9% and 68.1% of the HCWs, respectively, while moderate–high levels of anxiety and fear were experienced by 51.1% and 56.8%, respectively. Higher stress symptoms experienced by HCWs were hypervigilance, avoidance of thoughts and memories, and tiredness/low energy. At T2, levels of hypervigilance, irritability, intrusive thoughts, and detachment were higher than at T1, while avoidance of external triggers decreased. Moderate–high levels of anxiety resulted significantly associated with several symptoms of stress: irritability/fearfulness, depression/hopelessness, tiredness/low energy, problems with concentration, and intrusive thoughts. Regarding coping strategies, HCWs tended to adopt more problem-focused coping (e.g., contributing to improving a situation) and this tendency was higher at T2. Overall findings suggest a risk for the persistence of stress symptoms and, therefore, a risk for a chronic course, which might interfere with the global quality of mental health at work and the care provided to patients. Clinical implications highlight the relevance of implementing support programs for this category of HCWs focused on the elaboration of negative emotions and on fostering adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Paterlini
- Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, AUSL-IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Erica Neri
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (E.N.); (F.G.)
| | - Alessia Nicoli
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AUSL-IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.N.); (M.T.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Federica Genova
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (E.N.); (F.G.)
| | - Maria Teresa Villani
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AUSL-IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.N.); (M.T.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Sara Santi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AUSL-IRCCS, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.N.); (M.T.V.); (S.S.)
| | - Francesca Agostini
- Department of Psychology “Renzo Canestrari”, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (E.N.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Schaler L, Glover LE, Wingfield M. Irish fertility patients' attitudes to pregnancy and risk mitigation strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. HUM FERTIL 2022:1-6. [PMID: 35255765 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2022.2045518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The effects of COVID-19 on fertility services became evident in early 2020. Fertility treatments were initially suspended following advice from international fertility governing bodies. We performed a web-based study to investigate the attitudes of male and female fertility patients in Ireland, for risk mitigation strategies and pregnancy advice during the first wave of COVID-19. Despite international recommendations and uncertainty regarding COVID-19 and pregnancy, over two thirds of patients continued trying to conceive, while awaiting recommencement of fertility services. When services resumed, the majority were keen to continue fertility treatment. They were agreeable to telemedicine in place of face-to-face consultations. They felt that privacy was maintained and were comfortable signing consent forms via video link. Large numbers, however, strongly disagreed with the no-partner policy for embryo transfer and early pregnancy scanning, highlighting the importance of partner support. Patients felt strongly that fertility treatments should be classified as essential services and that every effort should be made to continue treatments in future pandemics. These results highlight the importance of maintaining fertility services, while adapting to new practices that may be required. The primary concern of the infertility population is the desire for pregnancy and parenthood. This innate human need trumps concerns regarding COVID-19 for the majority of those affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurentina Schaler
- Merrion Fertility Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Louise E Glover
- Merrion Fertility Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Wingfield
- Merrion Fertility Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Youngster M, Avraham S, Yaakov O, Landau Rabbi M, Gat I, Yerushalmi G, Sverdlove R, Baum M, Maman E, Hourvitz A, Kedem A. IVF under COVID-19: treatment outcomes of fresh ART cycles. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:947-953. [PMID: 35212741 PMCID: PMC8903458 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Study Question Does prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in women undergoing fertility treatments affect the outcomes of fresh ART cycles? Summary Answer SARS-CoV-2 infection does not affect fresh ART treatment outcomes, except for a possible long term negative effect on oocyte yield (>180 days post infection). What Is Known Already A single previous study suggested no evidence that a history of asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection in females caused impairment of fresh ART treatment outcomes. Study Design, Size, Duration Retrospective cohort study, including all SARS-CoV-2 infected women who underwent fresh ART cycles within a year from infection (the first cycle post infection), between October 2020 and June 2021, matched to non-diagnosed controls. Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods Patients from two large IVF units in Israel who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and later underwent fresh ART cycles were matched by age to non-diagnosed, non-vaccinated controls. Demographics, cycle characteristics and cycle outcomes, including oocyte yield, maturation rate, fertilization rate, number of frozen embryos per cycle, and clinical pregnancy rates, were compared between groups. Main Results And The Role Of Chance One hundred and twenty-one infected patients and 121 controls who underwent fresh ART cycles were included. Oocyte yield (12.50 versus 11.29; p = 0.169) and mature oocyte rate (78% versus 82%; p = 0.144) in all fresh cycles were similar between groups, as were fertilization rates, number of frozen embryos per cycle and clinical pregnancy rates (43% versus 40%; p = 0.737) in fresh cycles with an embryo transfer. In a logistic regression model, SARS-CoV-2 infection more than 180 days prior to retrieval had a negative effect on oocyte yield (p = 0.018, Slope=-4.08, 95% CI -7.41 – -0.75), although the sample size was small. Limitations, Reasons For Caution A retrospective study with data that was not uniformly generated under a study protocol, no antibody testing for the control group. Wider Implications Of The Findings The study findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection does not affect treatment outcomes, including oocyte yield, fertilization and maturation rate, number of good quality embryos, and clinical pregnancy rates, in fresh ART cycles, except for a possible long term negative effect on oocyte yield when retrieval occurs > 180 days post SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies are warranted to support these findings. Study funding/competing interest(s) None. Trial registration number 0010-21-HMC, 0094-21-ASF
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Youngster
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sarit Avraham
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Odelia Yaakov
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Moran Landau Rabbi
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Itai Gat
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gil Yerushalmi
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Micha Baum
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,IVF Unit, Herzliya Medical Centre, Herzliya, Israel.,IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Ettie Maman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,IVF Unit, Herzliya Medical Centre, Herzliya, Israel.,IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Centre, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Ariel Hourvitz
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Alon Kedem
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,IVF Unit, Herzliya Medical Centre, Herzliya, Israel
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16
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Kamath MS, Joseph T, Karuppusami R, Chinta P, Pal A, Nallamilli SR, Sarkar S, Poobalan A, Kunjummen AT. Knowledge, anxiety levels and attitudes of infertile couples towards COVID-19 and its impact on self-funded fertility treatment: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Hum Reprod Open 2022; 2021:hoab039. [PMID: 35187270 PMCID: PMC8849126 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the knowledge, anxiety levels and attitudes of infertile couples towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its impact on undergoing self-funded treatment cycles? SUMMARY ANSWER In spite of a high level of awareness about COVID-19, anxiety levels were low and many participants wanted to continue fertility treatment during the pandemic. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The COVID-19 pandemic has strained the already overburdened public health infrastructure in many of the resource-limited settings across the world. After an initial decision to suspend fertility treatments, regulatory authorities advocated phased resumptions of treatment. Owing to limited healthcare resources and the detrimental impact of COVID-19 on the economy and job losses, fertility services have been disproportionately affected. It is important to understand the perceptions of infertile couples, who are the key stakeholders in shared decision-making, especially for self-funded treatments, on the continuation of fertility treatment during the current COVID-19 pandemic. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study conducted among 502 participants (251 infertile couples) at a tertiary level infertility clinic between May 2020 and November 2020. The study recruitment period (6 months) coincided with the increase and peak of COVID-19 infection in India. The study included infertile couples who had attended the clinic either for assessment or fertility treatment. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS An interviewer administered the questionnaire survey, which was conducted in two stages for each participant. In the first stage, knowledge about COVID-19 and anxiety levels caused by the ongoing pandemic were assessed using a validated Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) tool. Following this, all the participants were provided with a COVID-19 information pamphlet. Subsequently, in the second stage, participants were administered another questionnaire to assess their attitudes towards fertility treatment and pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The results showed that the knowledge levels and awareness about COVID-19 was high among infertile couples attending the infertility clinic. The majority of the participants were aware of the mode of spread (87.6–93.4% correct answers to different questions), common symptoms (64.1–96.2%) and the importance of preventative measures (95.6–97.4%). Most of the participants (474/502; 94.4%) did not show anxiety when being assessed using GAD-7. A vast majority (96.5–99.2%) of the participants were in agreement with the need for following preventative measures for reducing the spread of COVID-19. About one-third of the participants wanted to delay the fertility treatment until the pandemic is over (166/502; 33.1%). Approximately 42.2% (212/502) of the participants did not feel the need to suspend fertility treatment during the pandemic. Further analysis revealed that participants’ education levels significantly influenced the desire to continue fertility treatment: participants with lower levels of education (below graduate) were less likely to continue fertility treatment (adjusted odds ratio 0.34, 95% CI, 0.12–0.98). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Questionnaire-based responses could have limited the ability of the interviewer to capture the entire range of thoughts and views of the participants on the COVID pandemic and their fertility treatments. Furthermore, a language barrier was encountered for some couples for which assistance from a translator was sought. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Given the impact of infertility and the associated stigma, public health policy makers, regulatory authorities and fertility societies should consider a way to sustain the treatment options and develop appropriate guidelines to continue treatment, particularly when much of the world is experiencing the second and third waves of the COVID pandemic. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study has not received any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. M.S.K. is an associate editor with Human Reproduction Open. The other authors have no competing interests to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan S Kamath
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Treasa Joseph
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Reka Karuppusami
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Parimala Chinta
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Atri Pal
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Sujatha Reddy Nallamilli
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Sharmistha Sarkar
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Amudha Poobalan
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Aleyamma T Kunjummen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
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17
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Psychological impact of suspension/postponement of fertility treatments on infertile women waiting during COVID pandemic. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2022; 65:197-206. [PMID: 35045244 PMCID: PMC8942756 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.21254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the psychological impact of suspension/postponement of various fertility treatments on infertile women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted as an online survey among infertile women consulting either through teleconsultation or physical consultation at a fertility clinic of a tertiary care referral unit. A validated questionnaire was given as a WhatsApp link to the women who were consulting for the resumption of services. Questions asked were based on their socio-demographic parameters, fertility treatment at the time of suspension, anxiety (self-reported) and stress (perceived stress scale-4, PSS-4) due to delay in treatment, psychosocial effect of pandemic, and wishes regarding the resumption of fertility services. Results Of 430 patients who received the questionnaire, 250 completed the survey (response rate: 58%). The mean age of participants was 29.26±4.18 years and the majority (70.4%) had lower socioeconomic status. The average PSS-4 score was 7.8±0.71, and the prevalence of self-reported anxiety was 72%. Those who suffered migration during the pandemic had significantly higher PSS-4 scores, and increasing age was associated with increased self-reported anxiety due to the suspension of fertility services. The top three priorities reported were infertility and treatment delay (48.4%), job loss (19.2%), and the risk of contracting COVID-19 infection (16%). The degree of spousal support was significantly correlated with lower PSS-4 scores (r=−0.30, P<0.01). On multivariate logistic analysis, duration of infertility, delay in treatment due to suspension of services, and fear of COVID-19 infection were significant predictors of stress and anxiety. Conclusion This study emphasizes the need to investigate psychosocial health and to provide psychological support to this vulnerable population in addition to triaging fertility treatments in a phased manner.
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18
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Luo YF, Shen HY, Yang SC, Chen LC. The Relationships among Anxiety, Subjective Well-Being, Media Consumption, and Safety-Seeking Behaviors during the COVID-19 Epidemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413189. [PMID: 34948796 PMCID: PMC8700923 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 epidemic has been confirmed as the largest scale outbreak of atypical pneumonia since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and it has become a public health emergency of international concern. It exacerbated public confusion and anxiety, and the impact of COVID-19 on people needs to be better understood. Indeed, prior studies that conducted meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort research compared mental health before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic and proved that public health polices (e.g., city lockdowns, quarantines, avoiding gatherings, etc.) and COVID-19-related information that circulates on new media platforms directly affected citizen’s mental health and well-being. Hence, this research aims to explore Taiwanese people’s health status, anxiety, media sources for obtaining COVID-19 information, subjective well-being, and safety-seeking behavior during the COVID-19 epidemic and how they are associated. Online surveys were conducted through new media platforms, and 342 responses were included in the analysis. The research results indicate that the participants experienced different aspects of COVID-19 anxiety, including COVID-19 worry and perceived COVID-19 risk. Among the given media sources, the more participants searched for COVID-19 information on new media, the greater they worried about COVID-19. Furthermore, COVID-19 worry was positively related to safety-seeking behavior, while perceived COVID-19 risk was negatively related to subjective well-being. This paper concludes by offering some suggestions for future studies and pointing out limitations of the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Luo
- The Intelligent Electronic Commerce Research Center, Institute of Education, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (L.-C.C.)
- Center for Teaching and Learning Development, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 805301, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Yu Shen
- The Intelligent Electronic Commerce Research Center, Institute of Education, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (L.-C.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.-Y.S.); (S.-C.Y.)
| | - Shu-Ching Yang
- The Intelligent Electronic Commerce Research Center, Institute of Education, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (L.-C.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.-Y.S.); (S.-C.Y.)
| | - Liang-Ching Chen
- The Intelligent Electronic Commerce Research Center, Institute of Education, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; (Y.-F.L.); (L.-C.C.)
- Department of Foreign Languages, R.O.C. Military Academy, Kaohsiung 83059, Taiwan
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19
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Cutting E, Catt S, Vollenhoven B, Mol BW, Horta F. The impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on fertility patients and clinics around the world. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 44:755-763. [PMID: 35190253 PMCID: PMC8712431 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Cutting
- Education Program in Reproduction and Development (EPRD), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia.
| | - Sally Catt
- Education Program in Reproduction and Development (EPRD), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Beverley Vollenhoven
- Education Program in Reproduction and Development (EPRD), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia; Womens and Newborn Program Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia; Monash IVF, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben W Mol
- Education Program in Reproduction and Development (EPRD), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia; Womens and Newborn Program Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Fabrizzio Horta
- Education Program in Reproduction and Development (EPRD), Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia; Monash IVF, Clayton, Melbourne Victoria, Australia
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20
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Sau-Gee Lam J, Shere M, Motamedi N, Vilos GA, Abu-Rafea B, Vilos AG. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Access to Fertility Care: A Retrospective Study at a University-Affiliated Fertility Practice. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2021; 44:378-382. [PMID: 34749024 PMCID: PMC8610176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To elucidate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to fertility services. Methods A retrospective quality improvement study was conducted at a university-affiliated fertility practice in southwestern Ontario. Annual procedural volumes for intrauterine and donor inseminations (IUI/DI), in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injections (IVF/ICSI), and frozen embryo transfers (FET) during the COVID-19–affected year were compared with mean annual volumes from the 2 preceding years. In addition, volumes for the same procedures were compared between the first quarter of 2021 and mean first quarter volumes from 2018 to 2019. Piecewise linear regressions were conducted to evaluate whether any changes in monthly procedural volume were attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results In 2020, our fertility practice attained the mean annual volumes of 89.7% for IUI/DI, 69.0% for IVF/ICSI, and 60.6% for FET. In contrast, in 2021, we performed mean first quarter volumes of 130.1% for IUI/DI, 164.3% for IVF/ICSI, and 126.8% for FET. The slopes of the pre- and post–COVID-19 segments of the piecewise linear regressions were significantly different for IUI/DI (P < 0.001) and IVF/ICSI (P = 0.001), but not for FET (P = 0.133). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in decreased annual volumes of medically assisted reproductive procedures at a university-affiliated fertility practice in southwestern Ontario. Impact on monthly procedural volume was confirmed for IUI/DI and IVF/ICSI by linear regression. Local adaptations helped compensate and exceed expected volumes in 2021. As a result, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a short-lived limitation in access to fertility care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Sau-Gee Lam
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University.
| | - Mahvash Shere
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre - Victoria Hospital, B2-401, London, Ontario, Canada, N6H 5W9
| | - Nickan Motamedi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London Health Sciences Centre - Victoria Hospital, B2-401, London, Ontario, Canada, N6H 5W9
| | - George A Vilos
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 800 Commissioners Road East, P.O. Box 5010, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5W9
| | - Basim Abu-Rafea
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 800 Commissioners Road East, P.O. Box 5010, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5W9
| | - Angelos G Vilos
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 800 Commissioners Road East, P.O. Box 5010, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5W9
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21
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Mitrović M, Kostić JO, Ristić M. Intolerance of uncertainty and distress in women with delayed IVF treatment due to the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of situation appraisal and coping strategies. J Health Psychol 2021; 27:2515-2528. [PMID: 34670414 DOI: 10.1177/13591053211049950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused delays of numerous medical procedures, including IVF. This study investigates the relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU), situation appraisal-the perceived threat that COVID-19 poses for infertility treatment, coping strategies, and general distress among women with a delayed IVF procedure. SEM showed that situation appraisal is a partial mediator of the relationship between IU and avoidance, as well as the relationship between IU and general distress. The connection between situation appraisal and general distress is partially mediated by avoidance. In this challenging context for mental health, situation appraisal and coping strategies determine the level of distress, where IU, as a dispositional variable, represents the main determinant of the entire reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Milica Ristić
- Pedagogical Faculty in Vranje, University of Nis, Serbia
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22
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Somigliana E, Esposito G, Viganò P, Franchi M, Corrao G, Parazzini F. Effects of the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on natural and ART-mediated birth rates in Lombardy Region, Northern Italy. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 43:765-767. [PMID: 34474979 PMCID: PMC8496890 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Research question What effects did the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic have on natural and assisted reproductive technology (ART)-mediated birth rates? Design Regional registries were consulted with permission from the Health Authorities of Lombardy Region, Northern Italy, an area particularly affected by the early phase of the epidemic. Deliveries occurring in the area between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020 from women beneficiaries of the National Health System and resident in Lombardy were identified. Comparisons mainly focused on December 2020, when women who conceived after 8 March (the start of the stringent lockdown imposed by the authorities) were expected to deliver. Results When comparing the periods January to November in 2019 and 2020, a 5.1% reduction of monthly general birth rate (from 5732 in 2019 to 5438 in 2020) was observed. The contribution of ART births was similar in 2019 and 2020, being 4.4% and 4.5%, respectively. In December 2020, a notable drop in natural (–17.8%), ART-mediated (–86.6%) and overall (–21.0%) births was observed compared with December 2019. After adjusting for the expected 5.1% reduction, the inferred effect of the COVID-19 crisis corresponded to a 16.7% reduction in birth rate, of which 76% was related to natural (707 births) and 24% to ART (218 births) conceptions. Conclusions This is the first study providing population-based evidence on the effects of COVID-19 and its related stringent restrictions on birth rates. The birth rate was dramatically reduced following the critical period, and the closure of ART centres played only a marginal role (24%) in the overall detrimental effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo Somigliana
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Esposito
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Franchi
- Laboratory of Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corrao
- Laboratory of Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; National Centre for Healthcare Research and Pharmacoepidemiology, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Parazzini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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23
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Biviá-Roig G, Boldó-Roda A, Blasco-Sanz R, Serrano-Raya L, DelaFuente-Díez E, Múzquiz-Barberá P, Lisón JF. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lifestyles and Quality of Life of Women With Fertility Problems: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:686115. [PMID: 34350151 PMCID: PMC8326371 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.686115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has implied worldwide the imposition of confinement measures and mobility restrictions, to a greater or lesser extent. It has also meant the closure of some public medical services such as reproductive care. This situation may have impacted the health-related behaviour and quality of life of women with fertility problems. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of confinement and the suspension of reproductive medical care on the lifestyle (diet, physical exercise, and smoking habits), anxiety and depression, and quality of life of infertile women by comparing their pre- and post-confinement situations. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional, internet-based study. Information was collected on these women's adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MEDAS questionnaire), physical exercise (IPAQ-SF), anxiety and depression (HADS), and quality of life related to fertility (FertiQol) before, during, and after confinement. The survey was conducted between 1 September and 28 October 2020. Results: A total of 85 women participated. There had been a significant increase in anxiety and depression levels (P < 0.001) and an increase in tobacco consumption among female smokers during confinement vs. pre-confinement (62.5% had increased their consumption). The participants had also increased the mean number of hours they spent sitting (P < 0.001). There had also been an increase in vigorous and moderate exercise levels by 40 and 30%, respectively (P = 0.004). However, no differences were observed in these patients' eating habits as a result of confinement (P = 0.416). When the reproduction service was resumed, the participants showed higher anxiety level scores (P = 0.001) with respect to the pre-confinement situation as well as lower mean FertiQol scale score (P = 0.008). Conclusions: Confinement had increased anxiety and depression levels among these infertile women as well as tobacco use among the participants who were smokers. The prolonged closure of reproductive care units decreased the quality of life of the participants of this study. These results suggest the need to implement online programs to improve healthy habits and quality of life of this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Biviá-Roig
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Boldó-Roda
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetricia, La Plana University Hospital, Vila-Real, Spain
| | - Ruth Blasco-Sanz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetricia, La Plana University Hospital, Vila-Real, Spain
| | - Lola Serrano-Raya
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetricia, Hospital of Sagunto, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Múzquiz-Barberá
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Lisón
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CIBERobn, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Kirubarajan A, Patel P, Tsang J, Prethipan T, Sreeram P, Sierra S. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on fertility care: a qualitative systematic review. HUM FERTIL 2021:1-8. [PMID: 34114919 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2021.1938245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review was to characterise psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic related to fertility care. We conducted a systematic search following PRISMA guidelines of five databases (EMBASE, Medline-OVID, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) from March 17th 2020 to April 10th 2021. Citing articles were also hand-searched using Scopus. Of the 296 original citations, we included fifteen studies that encompassed 5,851 patients seeking fertility care. Eleven studies only included female participants, while four included both male and female participants. The fifteen studies unanimously concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic caused negative psychological impacts on fertility care. Risk factors included female sex, single marital state, previous ART failure, prior diagnoses of anxiety or depression, and length of time trying to conceive. Specific concerns included the worry and frustration of clinic closure, concerns about pregnancy and COVID-19 infection, and advancing age. There were contrasting beliefs on whether the decision to stop fertility treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic was justified. In addition, we found that many patients preferred to resume fertility treatment, despite anxieties regarding the risk of the COVID-19 virus. We recommend that fertility providers screen patients for risk factors for poor mental health and tailor support for virtual care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Kirubarajan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Priyanka Patel
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jackie Tsang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Padmaja Sreeram
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sony Sierra
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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25
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Yee S, Lipton NJ, Fu V, Goodman CV, Librach C. Planned Oocyte Cryopreservation: Outcomes, Motivations, and Involvement of Primary Health Care Providers. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2021; 31:285-292. [PMID: 34030468 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: With improvements in oocyte cryopreservation and widespread delays in childbearing, planned oocyte cryopreservation (POC) has become an increasingly attractive option. This study aimed to (1) review POC cycle outcomes at an academic in vitro fertilization (IVF) center and (2) examine POC users' motivations for pursuing POC, fertility knowledge, and the involvement of their primary health care providers (PHP). Materials and Methods: POC cycle outcomes were collected from IVF records of the 224 women who underwent ≥1 cycle from 2012 to 2018. The 198 who were reachable by e-mail were invited to complete an online survey. The study was approved by the University of Toronto Research Ethics Board (No. 32951). Results: Mean age of the 224 women at first cycle was 36.4 (range: 25-42), with a significant decrease in anti-Müllerian hormone level (p = 0.001) and mean number of oocytes retrieved (p = 0.006) and cryopreserved per cycle (p = 0.042) with increasing age. From those invited for survey participation, 98 (49.5%) questionnaires were returned, with 86 evaluable. Majority of respondents were Caucasian (66%), single (93%), and earned a gross annual income of >$70,000 (74%). Strongest motivation for pursuing POC was concern about age-related fertility decline in the absence of a partner. Respondents' annual income was positively correlated with the number of completed cycles (p = 0.032). Half the respondents correctly identified age of onset of marked fertility decline as ≥35 years. In only 19% of cases was the conversation PHP initiated, and 29% never discussed POC with their PHP. Conclusions: More than 50% of women underwent POC at an age when fertility has begun to markedly decline. It is important for PHPs to identify and discuss POC with appropriate patients and offer accurate preliminary information and timely referrals for those interested in exploring this option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Yee
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nechama J Lipton
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vivian Fu
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carly V Goodman
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Clifford Librach
- Research Department, CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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26
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Cao LB, Hao Q, Liu Y, Sun Q, Wu B, Chen L, Yan L. Anxiety Level During the Second Localized COVID-19 Pandemic Among Quarantined Infertile Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey in China. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:647483. [PMID: 34366908 PMCID: PMC8339465 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.647483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility usually causes mental health problems for patients and unfavorable emotions such as anxiety and depression can have an adverse effect on women's normal pregnancy. We aimed to compare the anxiety level between infertile female patients in quarantined and non-quarantined areas during the second wave of COVID-19 epidemic. A total of 759 infertile women were included in this cross-sectional study conducted through an online survey. Anxiety was measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) tool. Participants were divided into the quarantined group (QG) and non-quarantined group (Non-QG). Independent sample T-test and chi-square test were performed to examine the difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the average STAI score of the two groups of infertile women, but responses to the emotional state showed that women in the QG had a higher tendency to be anxious. Participants in QG spent more time paying attention to the dynamics of the epidemic every day, and their sleep (p < 0.01) and mood conditions were worse (p < 0.01) than in the Non-QG. The family relationship of QG is more tense than non-QG. Through the research on the infertility treatment information of the overall research population, it is found the average STAI-State (STAI-S) (p = 0.031) score and STAI-Trait (STAI-T) (p = 0.005) score of women who were infertile for more than 3 years were significantly higher than those of women with <2 years. The STAI-T score of infertile women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) was higher than that of non-IVF women (p = 0.007), but no significant difference was observed with the STAI-S score. To conclude, although the second wave of quarantine during COVID-19 epidemic did not significantly increase anxiety in infertile women, it did lead to an increase in other negative emotions and worse family relationships. Patients with long-term infertility treatment and those who have had IVF are more anxious subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Bao Cao
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qianjie Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zhaozhuang, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Lei Yan
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
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