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Villaplana-Velasco A, Pigeyre M, Engelmann J, Rawlik K, Canela-Xandri O, Tochel C, Lona-Durazo F, Mookiah MRK, Doney A, Parra EJ, Trucco E, MacGillivray T, Rannikmae K, Tenesa A, Pairo-Castineira E, Bernabeu MO. Fine-mapping of retinal vascular complexity loci identifies Notch regulation as a shared mechanism with myocardial infarction outcomes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:523. [PMID: 37188768 PMCID: PMC10185685 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the complexity of the retinal vasculature measured as fractal dimension, Df, might offer earlier insights into the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) before traditional biomarkers can be detected. This association could be partly explained by a common genetic basis; however, the genetic component of Df is poorly understood. We present a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 38,000 individuals with white British ancestry from the UK Biobank aimed to comprehensively study the genetic component of Df and analyse its relationship with CAD. We replicated 5 Df loci and found 4 additional loci with suggestive significance (P < 1e-05) to contribute to Df variation, which previously were reported in retinal tortuosity and complexity, hypertension, and CAD studies. Significant negative genetic correlation estimates support the inverse relationship between Df and CAD, and between Df and myocardial infarction (MI), one of CAD's fatal outcomes. Fine-mapping of Df loci revealed Notch signalling regulatory variants supporting a shared mechanism with MI outcomes. We developed a predictive model for MI incident cases, recorded over a 10-year period following clinical and ophthalmic evaluation, combining clinical information, Df, and a CAD polygenic risk score. Internal cross-validation demonstrated a considerable improvement in the area under the curve (AUC) of our predictive model (AUC = 0.770 ± 0.001) when comparing with an established risk model, SCORE, (AUC = 0.741 ± 0.002) and extensions thereof leveraging the PRS (AUC = 0.728 ± 0.001). This evidences that Df provides risk information beyond demographic, lifestyle, and genetic risk factors. Our findings shed new light on the genetic basis of Df, unveiling a common control with MI, and highlighting the benefits of its application in individualised MI risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Villaplana-Velasco
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Marie Pigeyre
- Population Health Research Institute (PHRI), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Engelmann
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Konrad Rawlik
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Oriol Canela-Xandri
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGC, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Claire Tochel
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | - Alex Doney
- VAMPIRE project, Computing, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Esteban J Parra
- University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emanuele Trucco
- VAMPIRE project, Computing, School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Tom MacGillivray
- VAMPIRE project, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Kristiina Rannikmae
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Albert Tenesa
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, IGC, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Erola Pairo-Castineira
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Miguel O Bernabeu
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
- The Bayes Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
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2
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Butnariu LI, Florea L, Badescu MC, Țarcă E, Costache II, Gorduza EV. Etiologic Puzzle of Coronary Artery Disease: How Important Is Genetic Component? LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060865. [PMID: 35743896 PMCID: PMC9225091 DOI: 10.3390/life12060865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the modern era, coronary artery disease (CAD) has become the most common form of heart disease and, due to the severity of its clinical manifestations and its acute complications, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The phenotypic variability of CAD is correlated with the complex etiology, multifactorial (caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors) but also monogenic. The purpose of this review is to present the genetic factors involved in the etiology of CAD and their relationship to the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease. Method: we analyzed data from the literature, starting with candidate gene-based association studies, then continuing with extensive association studies such as Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES). The results of these studies revealed that the number of genetic factors involved in CAD etiology is impressive. The identification of new genetic factors through GWASs offers new perspectives on understanding the complex pathophysiological mechanisms that determine CAD. In conclusion, deciphering the genetic architecture of CAD by extended genomic analysis (GWAS/WES) will establish new therapeutic targets and lead to the development of new treatments. The identification of individuals at high risk for CAD using polygenic risk scores (PRS) will allow early prophylactic measures and personalized therapy to improve their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lăcrămioara Ionela Butnariu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.)
| | - Laura Florea
- Department of Nefrology—Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iași, Romania
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.B.); (E.Ț.)
| | - Elena Țarcă
- Department of Surgery II—Pediatric Surgery, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.B.); (E.Ț.)
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania; (L.I.B.); (E.V.G.)
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3
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Wimmelmann CL, Andersen NK, Grønkjaer MS, Hegelund ER, Flensborg-Madsen T. Satisfaction with life and SF-36 vitality predict risk of ischemic heart disease: a prospective cohort study. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2021; 55:138-144. [PMID: 33461364 DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2021.1872796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the current study was to investigate associations between two aspects of well-being - satisfaction with life and vitality - and incidence of and mortality from ischemic heart disease. Study design. The Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank (CAMB) was conducted from 2009 to 2011 and was used as baseline data with 6750 individuals having complete information on The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and 6652 individuals with complete information on the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) vitality scale. Incidence of and mortality from ischemic heart disease were assessed using Danish register data and a total of 349 CAMB individuals were registered with either a diagnosis (n = 337) or had died (n = 12) from ischemic heart disease before the end of follow-up (31 December 2017). The hazard ratios of ischemic heart disease according to satisfaction with life and vitality scores were investigated using Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for potential covariates. Results. A one standard deviation increase on the SWLS was associated with an 18% reduced risk of ischemic heart disease while a one standard deviation increase on the SF-36 vitality scale was associated with a 24% reduced risk of ischemic heart disease after adjustment for baseline socio-demographic factors. These associations remained when separately adjusting for lifestyle, objective health, and social factors, but became non-significant when adjusting for self-reported health. Conclusion. Our study indicates that both psychological and health-related components of wellbeing are important in relation to ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Lawaetz Wimmelmann
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Emilie Rune Hegelund
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Flensborg-Madsen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Lee SH, Lee JY, Kim GH, Jung KJ, Lee S, Kim HC, Jee SH. Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study of Lipid levels and Ischemic Heart Disease. Korean Circ J 2020; 50:940-948. [PMID: 32812402 PMCID: PMC7515757 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2020.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Associations between blood lipids and risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) have been reported in observational studies. However, due to confounding and reverse causation, observational studies are influenced by bias, thus their results show inconsistency in the effects of lipid levels on IHD. In this study, we evaluate whether lipid levels have an effect on the risk of IHD in a Korean population. Methods A 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, using the genetic variants associated with lipid levels as the instrumental variables was performed. Genetic variants significantly associated with lipid concentrations were obtained from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (n=35,000), and the same variants on IHD were obtained from the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (n=13,855). Inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger approaches were used to assess the causal association between lipid levels and IHD. Radial MR methods were applied to remove outliers subject to pleiotropic bias. Results Causal association between low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and IHD was observed in the IVW method (odds ratio, 1.013; 95% confidence interval, 1.007–1.109). However, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) did not show causal association with IHD. In the Radial MR analysis of the relationship between HDL-C, TG and IHD, outliers were detected. Interestingly, after removing the outliers, a causal association between TG and IHD was found. Conclusions High levels LDL-C and TG were causally associated with increased IHD risk in a Korean population, these results are potentially useful as evidence of a significant causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Guen Hui Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keum Ji Jung
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunmi Lee
- Health Insurance Policy Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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Shadrina AS, Shashkova TI, Torgasheva AA, Sharapov SZ, Klarić L, Pakhomov ED, Alexeev DG, Wilson JF, Tsepilov YA, Joshi PK, Aulchenko YS. Prioritization of causal genes for coronary artery disease based on cumulative evidence from experimental and in silico studies. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10486. [PMID: 32591598 PMCID: PMC7320185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have led to a significant progress in identification of genomic loci affecting coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. However, revealing the causal genes responsible for the observed associations is challenging. In the present study, we aimed to prioritize CAD-relevant genes based on cumulative evidence from the published studies and our own study of colocalization between eQTLs and loci associated with CAD using SMR/HEIDI approach. Prior knowledge of candidate genes was extracted from both experimental and in silico studies, employing different prioritization algorithms. Our review systematized information for a total of 51 CAD-associated loci. We pinpointed 37 genes in 36 loci. For 27 genes we infer they are causal for CAD, and for 10 further genes we judge them most likely causal. Colocalization analysis showed that for 18 out of these loci, association with CAD can be explained by changes in gene expression in one or more CAD-relevant tissues. Furthermore, for 8 out of 36 loci, existing evidence suggested additional CAD-associated genes. For the remaining 15 loci, we concluded that evidence for gene prioritization remains inconsistent, insufficient, or absent. Our results provide deeper insights into the genetic etiology of CAD and demonstrate knowledge gaps where further research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Shadrina
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia. .,Laboratory of Recombination and Segregation Analysis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Tatiana I Shashkova
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Department of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 117303, Russia.,Research and Training Center on Bioinformatics, A.A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Moscow, 127051, Russia
| | - Anna A Torgasheva
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Laboratory of Recombination and Segregation Analysis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Sodbo Z Sharapov
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Laboratory of Recombination and Segregation Analysis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Lucija Klarić
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia.,MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK
| | - Eugene D Pakhomov
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry G Alexeev
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - James F Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland, UK.,Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Yakov A Tsepilov
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Functional Genomics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Laboratory of Recombination and Segregation Analysis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Peter K Joshi
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK
| | - Yurii S Aulchenko
- Laboratory of Recombination and Segregation Analysis, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia. .,PolyOmica, 's-Hertogenbosch, 5237 PA, The Netherlands.
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6
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García-Bravo S, Cuesta-Gómez A, Campuzano-Ruiz R, López-Navas MJ, Domínguez-Paniagua J, Araújo-Narváez A, Barreñada-Copete E, García-Bravo C, Flórez-García MT, Botas-Rodríguez J, Cano-de-la-Cuerda R. Virtual reality and video games in cardiac rehabilitation programs. A systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:448-457. [PMID: 31258015 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1631892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To carry out a systematic review about the information about the application of of virtual reality and videogames in cardiac rehabilitation. METHODS A systematic review was conducted. Jadad scale was applied to evaluate the methodological quality of the articles included and the degree of evidence and the level of recommendation were determined through the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine. PRISMA guidelines statement for systematic reviews were followed. RESULTS The total number of articles included in the present review was 10, with heterogeneity in the study populations, cardiac rehabilitation phases, technology used and protocols. Most of the studies showed an increase in heart rate, less pain, a greater ability to walk, higher energy levels, an increase in physical activity and improvements of motivation and adherence. The methodological quality of the studies was between acceptable and poor. CONCLUSIONS The use of virtual reality and videogames could be considered as complementary tools of physical training in patients with cardiovascular diseases in the different phases of cardiac rehabilitation. However, it is also necessary to carry out studies with adequate methodological quality to determine the ideal technological systems, target populations and clearly protocols to study their effects in the short, medium and long-term assessments.Implications for rehabilitationThe use of virtual reality and videogames could be considered as complementary tools for physical training in patients with cardiovascular diseases.Interactive virtual reality using exergames may promote heart rate, fatigue perception, physical activity and reduce pain in patients with cardiovascular diseases.Virtual reality and videogames enhance motivation and adherence in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara García-Bravo
- International Doctorate School, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.,Physiocare Physiotherapy Clinic, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Cuesta-Gómez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Campuzano-Ruiz
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Alcorcón Foundation Universitary Hospital, Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | | | - Aurora Araújo-Narváez
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Alcorcón Foundation Universitary Hospital, Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | - Cristina García-Bravo
- International Doctorate School, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.,Physiocare Physiotherapy Clinic, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Roberto Cano-de-la-Cuerda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
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Elosua R. Road to Unravel Gene-Environment Interactions on Cardiovascular Complex Diseases. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2018; 11:e002040. [PMID: 29874184 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.117.002040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Elosua
- From the Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Research Group, REGICOR Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; and Medicine Department, Medical School, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Catalonia, Spain.
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Aslibekyan S, Ruiz-Narváez EA. The State of Cardiovascular Genomics: Abundant Data, Limited Information. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2017; 70:696-698. [PMID: 28400104 PMCID: PMC5821493 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stella Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States.
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9
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Situación actual en genómica cardiovascular: muchos datos, poca información. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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