1
|
Cappelli E, Ravera S, Bertola N, Grilli F, Squillario M, Regis S, Degan P. Advanced Analysis and Validation of a microRNA Signature for Fanconi Anemia. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:820. [PMID: 39062599 PMCID: PMC11276059 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Some years ago, we reported the generation of a Fanconi anemia (FA) microRNA signature. This study aims to develop an analytical strategy to select a smaller and more reliable set of molecules that could be tested for potential benefits for the FA phenotype, elucidate its biochemical and molecular mechanisms, address experimental activity, and evaluate its possible impact on FA therapy. In silico analyses of the data obtained in the original study were thoroughly processed and anenrichment analysis was employed to identify the classes of genes that are over-represented in the FA-miRNA population under study. Primary bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) from sixFA patients and sixhealthy donors as control samples were employed in the study. RNAs containing the small RNA fractions were reverse-transcribed and real-time PCR was performed in triplicate using the specific primers. Experiments were performed in triplicate.The in-silico analysis reported six miRNAs as likely contributors to the complex pathological spectrum of FA. Among these, three miRNAs were validated by real-time PCR. Primary bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) reported a significant reduction in the expression level of miRNA-1246 and miRNA-206 in the FA samples in comparison to controls.This study highlights several biochemical pathways as culprits in the phenotypic manifestations and the pathophysiological mechanisms acting in FA. A relatively low number of miRNAs appear involved in all these different phenotypes, demonstrating the extreme plasticity of the gene expression modulation. This study further highlights miR-206 as a pivotal player in regulatory functions and signaling in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) process in FA. Due to this evidence, the activity of miR-206 in FA deserves specific experimental scrutiny. The results, here presented, might be relevant in the management of FA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Cappelli
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy;
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Nadia Bertola
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, L. go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Federica Grilli
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy;
| | | | - Stefano Regis
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy;
| | - Paolo Degan
- Mutagenesi e Prevenzione Oncologica Unit—IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, L. go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ravera S, Bertola N, Puddu A, Bruno S, Maggi D, Panfoli I. Crosstalk between the Rod Outer Segments and Retinal Pigmented Epithelium in the Generation of Oxidative Stress in an In Vitro Model. Cells 2023; 12:2173. [PMID: 37681906 PMCID: PMC10487269 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is associated with several diseases characterized by retinal degeneration, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, it has recently been proposed that outer retinal neurons also participate in the damage triggering. Therefore, we have evaluated the possible crosstalk between RPE and photoreceptors in priming and maintaining oxidative damage of the RPE. For this purpose, we used ARPE-19 cells as a model of human RPE, grown in normal (NG, 5.6 mM) or high glucose (HG, 25 mM) and unoxidized (UOx) or oxidized (Ox) mammalian retinal rod outer segments (OSs). ARPE-19 cells were efficient at phagocytizing rod OSs in both NG and HG settings. However, in HG, ARPE-19 cells treated with Ox-rod OSs accumulated MDA and lipofuscins and displayed altered LC3, GRP78, and caspase 8 expression compared to untreated and UOx-rod-OS-treated cells. Data suggest that early oxidative damage may originate from the photoreceptors and subsequently extend to the RPE, providing a new perspective to the idea that retinal degeneration depends solely on a redox alteration of the RPE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università di Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Nadia Bertola
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Puddu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università di Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Davide Maggi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 6, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Isabella Panfoli
- Department of Pharmacy-(DIFAR), Università di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lisi V, Senesi G, Bertola N, Pecoraro M, Bolis S, Gualerzi A, Picciolini S, Raimondi A, Fantini C, Moretti E, Parisi A, Sgrò P, Di Luigi L, Geiger R, Ravera S, Vassalli G, Caporossi D, Balbi C. Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles released after endurance exercise exert cardioprotective activity through the activation of antioxidant pathways. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102737. [PMID: 37236143 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) can cause various conditions, including an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels that can decrease nitric oxide (NO) availability and promote vasoconstriction, leading to arterial hypertension. Physical exercise (PE) has been found to be protective against CVD by helping to maintain redox homeostasis through a decrease in ROS levels, achieved by increased expression of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) and modulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) circulating in the body are a major source of regulatory signals, including proteins and nucleic acids. Interestingly, the cardioprotective role of EVs released after PE has not been fully described. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of circulating EVs, obtained through Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) of plasma samples from healthy young males (age: 26.95 ± 3.07; estimated maximum oxygen consumption rate (VO2max): 51.22 ± 4.85 (mL/kg/min)) at basal level (Pre_EVs) and immediately after a single bout of endurance exercise (30' treadmill, 70% heart rate (HR) -Post_EVs). Gene ontology (GO) analysis of proteomic data from isolated EVs, revealed enrichment in proteins endowed with catalytic activity in Post_EVs, compare to Pre_EVs, with MAP2K1 being the most significantly upregulated protein. Enzymatic assays on EVs derived from Pre and Post samples showed increment in Glutathione Reductase (GR) and Catalase (CAT) activity in Post_EVs. At functional level, Post_EVs, but not Pre_EVs, enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) and reduced oxidative damage accumulation in treated human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes (hCM) at basal level and under stress conditions (Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) treatment), resulting in a global cardioprotective effect. In conclusion, our data demonstrated, for the first time, that a single 30-min endurance exercise is able to alter the cargo of circulating EVs, resulting in cardioprotective effect through antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lisi
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Senesi
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Bertola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Pecoraro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sara Bolis
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alice Gualerzi
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics (LABION), IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Picciolini
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Clinical Biophotonics (LABION), IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Raimondi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Centro Imaging Sperimentale, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 52, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Fantini
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Moretti
- Laboratory of Physical Exercise and Sport Science, Department of Exercise, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Attilio Parisi
- Laboratory of Physical Exercise and Sport Science, Department of Exercise, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Sgrò
- Laboratory of Physical Exercise and Sport Science, Department of Exercise, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Roger Geiger
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vassalli
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland; Center for Molecular Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Caporossi
- Unit of Biology and Genetics of Movement, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 15, 00135, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Center for Molecular Cardiology, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bertola N, Regis S, Bruno S, Mazzarello AN, Serra M, Lupia M, Sabatini F, Corsolini F, Ravera S, Cappelli E. Effects of Deacetylase Inhibition on the Activation of the Antioxidant Response and Aerobic Metabolism in Cellular Models of Fanconi Anemia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051100. [PMID: 37237966 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease characterized by a dysfunctional DNA repair and an oxidative stress accumulation due to defective mitochondrial energy metabolism, not counteracted by endogenous antioxidant defenses, which appear down-expressed compared to the control. Since the antioxidant response lack could depend on the hypoacetylation of genes coding for detoxifying enzymes, we treated lymphoblasts and fibroblasts mutated for the FANC-A gene with some histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), namely, valproic acid (VPA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (OHB), and EX527 (a Sirt1 inhibitor), under basal conditions and after hydrogen peroxide addition. The results show that VPA increased catalase and glutathione reductase expression and activity, corrected the metabolic defect, lowered lipid peroxidation, restored the mitochondrial fusion and fission balance, and improved mitomycin survival. In contrast, OHB, despite a slight increase in antioxidant enzyme expressions, exacerbated the metabolic defect, increasing oxidative stress production, probably because it also acts as an oxidative phosphorylation metabolite, while EX527 showed no effect. In conclusion, the data suggest that VPA could be a promising drug to modulate the gene expression in FA cells, confirming that the antioxidant response modulation plays a pivotal in FA pathogenesis as it acts on both oxidative stress levels and the mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bertola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Regis
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Martina Serra
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Michela Lupia
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Sabatini
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsolini
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via De Toni 14, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Enrico Cappelli
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16148 Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carreira ASA, Ravera S, Zucal C, Thongon N, Irene C, Astigiano C, Bertola N, Buongiorno A, Roccuzzo M, Bisio A, Pardini B, Nencioni A, Bruzzone S, Provenzani A. Mitochondrial rewiring drives metabolic adaptation to NAD(H) shortage in triple negative breast cancer cells. Neoplasia 2023; 41:100903. [PMID: 37148658 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a key metabolic enzyme in NAD+ synthesis pathways and is found upregulated in several tumors, depicting NAD(H) lowering agents, like the NAMPT inhibitor FK866, as an appealing approach for anticancer therapy. Like other small molecules, FK866 triggers chemoresistance, observed in several cancer cellular models, which can prevent its clinical application. The molecular mechanisms sustaining the acquired of resistance to FK866 were studied in a model of triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 parental - PAR), exposed to increasing concentrations of the small molecule (MDA-MB-231 resistant - RES). RES cells are not sensitive to verapamil or cyclosporin A, excluding a potential role of increased efflux pumps activity as a mechanism of resistance. Similarly, the silencing of the enzyme Nicotinamide Riboside Kinase 1 (NMRK1) in RES cells does not increase FK866 toxicity, excluding this pathway as a compensatory mechanism of NAD+ production. Instead, Seahorse metabolic analysis revealed an increased mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity in RES cells. These cells presented a higher mitochondrial mass compared to the FK866-sensitive counterparts, as well as an increased consumption of pyruvate and succinate for energy production. Interestingly, co-treatment of PAR cells with FK866 and the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibitors UK5099 or rosiglitazone, as well as with the transient silencing of MPC2 but not of MPC1, induces a FK866-resistant phenotype. Taken together, these results unravel novel mechanisms of cell plasticity to counteract FK866 toxicity, that, besides the previously described LDHA dependency, rely on mitochondrial rewiring at functional and energetic levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Candiolo, Italy.
| | - Chiara Zucal
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Natthakan Thongon
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Candiolo, Italy.
| | - Caffa Irene
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Astigiano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Nadia Bertola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Arianna Buongiorno
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Michela Roccuzzo
- Advanced Imaging Core Facility, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Bisio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Candiolo, Italy.
| | - Alessio Nencioni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Santina Bruzzone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Provenzani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bertola N, Bruno S, Capanni C, Columbaro M, Mazzarello AN, Corsolini F, Regis S, Degan P, Cappelli E, Ravera S. Altered Mitochondrial Dynamic in Lymphoblasts and Fibroblasts Mutated for FANCA-A Gene: The Central Role of DRP1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076557. [PMID: 37047537 PMCID: PMC10094900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure and aplastic anemia. So far, 23 genes are involved in this pathology, and their mutations lead to a defect in DNA repair. In recent years, it has been observed that FA cells also display mitochondrial metabolism defects, causing an accumulation of intracellular lipids and oxidative damage. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the metabolic alterations have not yet been elucidated. In this work, by using lymphoblasts and fibroblasts mutated for the FANC-A gene, oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and mitochondria dynamics markers expression was analyzed. Results show that the metabolic defect does not depend on an altered expression of the proteins involved in OxPhos. However, FA cells are characterized by increased uncoupling protein UCP2 expression. FANC-A mutation is also associated with DRP1 overexpression that causes an imbalance in the mitochondrial dynamic toward fission and lower expression of Parkin and Beclin1. Treatment with P110, a specific inhibitor of DRP1, shows a partial mitochondrial function recovery and the decrement of DRP1 and UCP2 expression, suggesting a pivotal role of the mitochondrial dynamics in the etiopathology of Fanconi anemia.
Collapse
|
7
|
Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Counteract Inflammaging. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223695. [PMID: 36429124 PMCID: PMC9688039 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammaging is one of the evolutionarily conserved mechanisms underlying aging and is defined as the long-term consequence of the chronic stimulation of the innate immune system. As macrophages are intimately involved in initiating and regulating the inflammatory process, their dysregulation plays major roles in inflammaging. The paracrine factors, and in particular extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) retain immunoregulatory effects on innate and adaptive immune responses. In this paper, we demonstrate that EVs derived from MSCs preconditioned with hypoxia inflammatory cytokines exerted an anti-inflammatory role in the context of inflammaging. In this study, macrophages isolated from aged mice presented elevated pro-inflammatory factor levels already in basal conditions compared to the young counterpart, and this pre-activation status increased when cells were challenged with IFN-γ. EVs were able to attenuate the age-associated inflammation, inducing a decrease in the expression of TNF-α, iNOS, and the NADase CD38. Moreover, we demonstrate that EVs counteracted the mitochondrial dysfunction that affected the macrophages, reducing lipid peroxidation and hindering the age-associated impairment of mitochondrial complex I activity, oxygen consumption, and ATP synthesis. These results indicate that preconditioned MSC-derived EVs might be exploited as new anti-aging therapies in a variety of age-related diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li W, Yu M, Zhang J, Huang J, Lin Z, Chen J, Jiang G, Lin X. High expression levels of FANCI correlate with worse prognosis and promote tumor growth of lung adenocarcinoma partly via suppression of M1 macrophages. Gene 2022; 851:147053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
9
|
Monti P, Ravera S, Speciale A, Velkova I, Foggetti G, Degan P, Fronza G, Menichini P. Mutant p53K120R expression enables a partial capacity to modulate metabolism. Front Genet 2022; 13:974662. [PMID: 36226181 PMCID: PMC9549157 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.974662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The TP53 tumor suppressor gene is one of the most studied gene in virtue of its ability to prevent cancer development by regulating apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, autophagy and senescence. Furthermore, the modulation of metabolism by P53 is fundamental for tumor suppressor activity. Studies in mouse models showed that mice carrying TP53 mutations affecting the acetylation in the DNA binding domain still retain the ability to transactivate genes involved in metabolism. Noteworthy, mice expressing the triple 3KR or the single K117R mutant do not show early on-set tumor development in contrast to TP53−/− mice. Interestingly, the mouse K117R mutation corresponds to the human tumor-derived K120R modification, which abrogates P53-dependent activation of apoptosis without affecting growth arrest. In this study, we investigated the property of the human P53 K120R mutant in the regulation of metabolism by analyzing the transcriptional specificity in yeast- and mammalian-based reporter assays, the metabolic phenotype associated to its expression in colon cancer HCT116TP53−/− cells and the induction of P53 targets and proteins involved in the antioxidant response. These properties were analyzed in comparison to wild type P53 protein, the human triple mutant corresponding to mouse 3KR and the cancer hot-spot R273H mutant. We confirm the selective functionality of P53 K120R mutant, which shows a transcriptional activity on cell cycle arrest but not on apoptotic targets. Interestingly, this mutant shows a partial transactivation activity on p53 response element belonging to the metabolic target TIGAR. Moreover, we observe a significant uncoupling between oxygen consumption and ATP production associated with higher lipid peroxidation level in all P53 mutants carrying cells with respect to wild type P53 expressing cells. Noteworthy, in the absence of a pro-oxidative challenge, cells expressing K120R mutant retain a partial capacity to modulate glucose metabolism, limiting lipid peroxidation with respect to the other P53 mutants carrying cells. Lastly, especially in presence of human 3KR mutant, a high expression of proteins involved in the antioxidant response is found. However, this response does not avoid the increased lipid peroxidation, confirming that only wild type P53 is able to completely counteract the oxidative stress and relative damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Monti
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Speciale
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Irena Velkova
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Foggetti
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Degan
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gilberto Fronza
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Menichini
- Mutagenesis and Cancer Prevention Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paola Menichini,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mutated FANCA Gene Role in the Modulation of Energy Metabolism and Mitochondrial Dynamics in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152353. [PMID: 35954197 PMCID: PMC9425438 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi Anaemia (FA) is a rare recessive genetic disorder characterized by a defective DNA repair mechanism. Although aplastic anaemia is the principal clinical sign in FA, patients develop a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with a frequency 500–700 folds higher than the general population, which appears more aggressive, with survival of under two years. Since FA gene mutations are also associated with a defect in the aerobic metabolism and an increased oxidative stress accumulation, this work aims to evaluate the effect of FANCA mutation on the energy metabolism and the relative mitochondrial quality control pathways in an HNSCC cellular model. Energy metabolism and cellular antioxidant capacities were evaluated by oximetric, luminometric, and spectrophotometric assays. The dynamics of the mitochondrial network, the quality of mitophagy and autophagy, and DNA double-strand damage were analysed by Western blot analysis. Data show that the HNSCC cellular model carrying the FANCA gene mutation displays an altered electron transport between respiratory Complexes I and III that does not depend on the OxPhos protein expression. Moreover, FANCA HNSCC cells show an imbalance between fusion and fission processes and alterations in autophagy and mitophagy pathways. Together, all these alterations associated with the FANCA gene mutation cause cellular energy depletion and a metabolic switch to glycolysis, exacerbating the Warburg effect in HNSCC cells and increasing the growth rate. In addition, the altered DNA repair due to the FANCA mutation causes a higher accumulation of DNA damage in the HNSCC cellular model. In conclusion, changes in energy metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics could explain the strict correlation between HNSCC and FA genes, helping to identify new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
11
|
A Multidrug Approach to Modulate the Mitochondrial Metabolism Impairment and Relative Oxidative Stress in Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group A. Metabolites 2021; 12:metabo12010006. [PMID: 35050128 PMCID: PMC8777953 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a rare recessive genetic disorder characterized by aplastic anemia due to a defective DNA repair system. In addition, dysfunctional energy metabolism, lipid droplets accumulation, and unbalanced oxidative stress are involved in FA pathogenesis. Thus, to modulate the altered metabolism, Fanc-A lymphoblast cell lines were treated with quercetin, a flavonoid compound, C75 (4-Methylene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid), a fatty acid synthesis inhibitor, and rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, alone or in combination. As a control, isogenic FA cell lines corrected with the functional Fanc-A gene were used. Results showed that: (i) quercetin recovered the energy metabolism efficiency, reducing oxidative stress; (ii) C75 caused the lipid accumulation decrement and a slight oxidative stress reduction, without improving the energy metabolism; (iii) rapamycin reduced the aerobic metabolism and the oxidative stress, without increasing the energy status. In addition, all molecules reduce the accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks. Two-by-two combinations of the three drugs showed an additive effect compared with the action of the single molecule. Specifically, the quercetin/C75 combination appeared the most efficient in the mitochondrial and lipid metabolism improvement and in oxidative stress production reduction, while the quercetin/rapamycin combination seemed the most efficient in the DNA breaks decrement. Thus, data reported herein suggest that FA is a complex and multifactorial disease, and a multidrug strategy is necessary to correct the metabolic alterations.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ravera S, Bertola N, Pasquale C, Bruno S, Benedicenti S, Ferrando S, Zekiy A, Arany P, Amaroli A. 808-nm Photobiomodulation Affects the Viability of a Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cellular Model, Acting on Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress Production. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111717. [PMID: 34829946 PMCID: PMC8615884 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a form of low-dose light therapy that acts through energy delivery from non-ionizing sources. During the recent two decades, there has been tremendous progress with PBM acceptance in medicine. However, PBM effects on potential stimulation of existing malignant or pre-malignant cells remain unknown. Thus, the primary endpoint was to assess the safety of PBM treatment parameters on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) proliferation or survival. The secondary endpoint was to assess any putative anti-cancer effects of PBM treatments. Cell viability, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and pro- and anti-apoptotic markers expression were investigated on a Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma cellular model (OHSU-974 FAcorr cell line). PBM therapy was administered through the 810 nm diode laser (GaAlAs) device (Garda Laser, 7024 Negrar, Verona, Italy) at the powers of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, or 1.25 W in continuous wave (CW) mode for an exposure time of 60 s with a spot-size of 1 cm2 and with a distance of 1.86 cm from the cells. Results showed that 810-nm PBM affected oxidative phosphorylation in OHSU-971 FAcorr, causing a metabolic switch to anaerobic glycolysis. In addition, PBM reduced the catalase activity, determining an unbalance between oxidative stress production and the antioxidant defenses, which could stimulate the pro-apoptotic cellular pathways. Our data, at the parameters investigated, suggest the safeness of PBM as a supportive cancer therapy. Pre-clinical and clinical studies are necessary to confirm the in vitro evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.R.); (N.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Nadia Bertola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.R.); (N.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Claudio Pasquale
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (C.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (S.R.); (N.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Stefano Benedicenti
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (C.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Ferrando
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Angelina Zekiy
- Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Praveen Arany
- Departments of Oral Biology, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA;
| | - Andrea Amaroli
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (C.P.); (S.B.)
- Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-3537309
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ravera S, Vigliarolo T, Bruno S, Morandi F, Marimpietri D, Sabatini F, Dagnino M, Petretto A, Bartolucci M, Muraca M, Biasin E, Haupt R, Zecca M, Fagioli F, Cilloni D, Podestà M, Frassoni F. Identification of Biochemical and Molecular Markers of Early Aging in Childhood Cancer Survivors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205214. [PMID: 34680366 PMCID: PMC8534026 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) display a higher risk of developing second malignant tumors and chronic diseases compared with aged-matched controls because of chemo/radiotherapy. This early frailty seems associated with accelerated cell aging, a process correlated with altered mitochondrial energy production. Therefore, this work aims to shed light on the mechanisms involved in chemo/radiotherapy-induced early aging, morbidities, and the risk of developing second tumors in CCS through a biochemical and molecular approach. The identification of crucial mechanisms involved in the CCS chemo/radiotherapy-related pathological conditions will allow identifying therapeutic targets to develop appropriate risk-based care and interventions, minimize morbidities, and maximize the quality of life in the cancer survivor population. Abstract Survival rates of childhood cancer patients have improved over the past four decades, although cancer treatments increase the risk of developing chronic diseases typical of aging. Thus, we aimed to identify molecular/metabolic cellular alterations responsible for early aging in childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Biochemical, proteomic, and molecular biology analyses were conducted on mononuclear cells (MNCs) isolated from peripheral blood of 196 CCS, the results being compared with those obtained on MNCs of 154 healthy subjects. CCS-MNCs showed inefficient oxidative phosphorylation associated with low energy status, and increased lipid peroxidation and lactate fermentation compared with age-matched normal controls. According to a mathematical model based on biochemical parameters, CCS-MNCs showed significantly higher metabolic ages than their real ages. The dysfunctional metabolism of CCS-MNCs is associated with lower expression levels of genes and proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism regulation, such as CLUH, PGC1-alpha, and SIRT6 in CCS, not observed in the age-matched healthy or elderly subjects. In conclusion, our study identified some biochemical and molecular alterations possibly contributing to the pathophysiology of aging and metabolic deficiencies in CCS. These results identify new targets for pharmacological interventions to restore mitochondrial function, slowing down the aging-associated pathologies in CCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (T.V.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (F.S.); (M.D.); (M.P.); (F.F.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-335-7871
| | - Tiziana Vigliarolo
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (T.V.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (F.S.); (M.D.); (M.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Fabio Morandi
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (T.V.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (F.S.); (M.D.); (M.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Danilo Marimpietri
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (T.V.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (F.S.); (M.D.); (M.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Federica Sabatini
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (T.V.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (F.S.); (M.D.); (M.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Monica Dagnino
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (T.V.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (F.S.); (M.D.); (M.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Andrea Petretto
- Core Facilities-Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Bartolucci
- Core Facilities-Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (A.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Monica Muraca
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit and DOPO Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (R.H.)
| | - Eleonora Biasin
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Haematology, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (E.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Riccardo Haupt
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit and DOPO Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (R.H.)
| | - Marco Zecca
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Haematology, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (E.B.); (F.F.)
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy;
| | - Marina Podestà
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (T.V.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (F.S.); (M.D.); (M.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesco Frassoni
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy; (T.V.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (F.S.); (M.D.); (M.P.); (F.F.)
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy;
- Department of Mathematics (DIMA), University of Genoa, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Villa F, Bruno S, Costa A, Li M, Russo M, Cimino J, Altieri P, Ruggeri C, Gorgun C, De Biasio P, Paladini D, Coviello D, Quarto R, Ameri P, Ghigo A, Ravera S, Tasso R, Bollini S. The Human Fetal and Adult Stem Cell Secretome Can Exert Cardioprotective Paracrine Effects against Cardiotoxicity and Oxidative Stress from Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153729. [PMID: 34359631 PMCID: PMC8345068 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (Dox), are an important class of chemotherapeutic drugs. However, their use is hampered by the risk of developing heart failure. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the cardioprotective effects exerted by a set of factors, collectively named secretomes, secreted by either adult or fetal human stem cells. Both secretome formulations were effective in counteracting Dox-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial impairment in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts. In vivo experiments in a mouse model of Dox-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC) indicated that early administration of both secretomes during Dox treatment exerted beneficial long-term effects, preserving cardiac function and body mass. These findings suggest that the stem cell secretome could represent a feasible option for future paracrine cardioprotective therapy against Dox-related cardiotoxicity during cancer treatment. Abstract Cardiovascular side effects are major shortcomings of cancer treatments causing cardiotoxicity and late-onset cardiomyopathy. While doxorubicin (Dox) has been reported as an effective chemotherapy agent, unspecific impairment in cardiomyocyte mitochondria activity has been documented. We demonstrated that the human fetal amniotic fluid-stem cell (hAFS) secretome, namely the secreted paracrine factors within the hAFS-conditioned medium (hAFS-CM), exerts pro-survival effects on Dox-exposed cardiomyocytes. Here, we provide a detailed comparison of the cardioprotective potential of hAFS-CM over the secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells from adipose tissue (hMSC-CM). hAFS and hMSC were preconditioned under hypoxia to enrich their secretome. The cardioprotective effects of hAFS/hMSC-CM were evaluated on murine neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (mNVCM) and on their fibroblast counterpart (mNVFib), and their long-term paracrine effects were investigated in a mouse model of Dox-induced cardiomyopathy. Both secretomes significantly contributed to preserving mitochondrial metabolism within Dox-injured cardiac cells. hAFS-CM and hMSC-CM inhibited body weight loss, improved myocardial function, reduced lipid peroxidation and counteracted the impairment of mitochondrial complex I activity, oxygen consumption, and ATP synthesis induced by Dox. The hAFS and hMSC secretomes can be exploited for inhibiting cardiotoxic detrimental side effects of Dox during cancer therapy, thus ensuring cardioprotection via combinatorial paracrine therapy in association with standard oncological treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Villa
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.V.); (C.G.); (R.Q.)
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Ambra Costa
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Mingchuan Li
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.R.); (J.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Michele Russo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.R.); (J.C.); (A.G.)
| | - James Cimino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.R.); (J.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Paola Altieri
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (C.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Clarissa Ruggeri
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (C.R.); (P.A.)
| | - Cansu Gorgun
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.V.); (C.G.); (R.Q.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Pierangela De Biasio
- Unit of Prenatal Diagnosis and Perinatal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Dario Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Domenico Coviello
- Human Genetics Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.V.); (C.G.); (R.Q.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (P.A.); (C.R.); (P.A.)
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (M.L.); (M.R.); (J.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Roberta Tasso
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (F.V.); (C.G.); (R.Q.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (S.B.); Tel.: +39-010-555-8394 (R.T.); +39-010-555-8257 (S.B.)
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (S.B.); Tel.: +39-010-555-8394 (R.T.); +39-010-555-8257 (S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abad E, Samino S, Grodzicki RL, Pagano G, Trifuoggi M, Graifer D, Potesil D, Zdrahal Z, Yanes O, Lyakhovich A. Identification of metabolic changes leading to cancer susceptibility in Fanconi anemia cells. Cancer Lett 2020; 503:185-196. [PMID: 33316348 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a chromosomal instability disorder of bone marrow associated with aplastic anemia, congenital abnormalities and a high risk of malignancies. The identification of more than two dozen FA genes has revealed a plethora of interacting proteins that are mainly involved in repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Other important findings associated with FA are inflammation, oxidative stress response, mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy. In this work, we performed quantitative proteomic and metabolomic analyses on defective FA cells and identified a number of metabolic abnormalities associated with cancer. In particular, an increased de novo purine biosynthesis, a high concentration of fumarate, and an accumulation of purinosomal clusters were found. This was in parallel with decreased OXPHOS and altered glycolysis. On the whole, our results indicate an association between the need for nitrogenous bases upon impaired DDR in FA cells with a subsequent increase in purine metabolism and a potential role in oncogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etna Abad
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Giovanni Pagano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - David Potesil
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Zdrahal
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering, IISPV, Tarragona 43007, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia; Vall D'Hebron Institut de Recerca, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Miceli A, Cossu V, Marini C, Castellani P, Raffa S, Donegani MI, Bruno S, Ravera S, Emionite L, Orengo AM, Grillo F, Nobili F, Morbelli S, Uccelli A, Sambuceti G, Bauckneht M. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Tracks the Heterogeneous Brain Susceptibility to the Hyperglycemia-Related Redox Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218154. [PMID: 33142766 PMCID: PMC7672601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In cognitively normal patients, mild hyperglycemia selectively decreases 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the posterior brain, reproducing Alzheimer disease pattern, hampering the diagnostic accuracy of this widely used tool. This phenomenon might involve either a heterogeneous response of glucose metabolism or a different sensitivity to hyperglycemia-related redox stress. Indeed, previous studies reported a close link between FDG uptake and activation of a specific pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), triggered by hexose-6P-dehydrogenase (H6PD) and contributing to fuel NADPH-dependent antioxidant responses in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To clarify this issue, dynamic positron emission tomography was performed in 40 BALB/c mice four weeks after administration of saline (n = 17) or 150 mg/kg streptozotocin (n = 23, STZ). Imaging data were compared with biochemical and histological indexes of glucose metabolism and redox balance. Cortical FDG uptake was homogeneous in controls, while it was selectively decreased in the posterior brain of STZ mice. This difference was independent of the activity of enzymes regulating glycolysis and cytosolic PPP, while it was paralleled by a decreased H6PD catalytic function and enhanced indexes of oxidative damage. Thus, the relative decrease in FDG uptake of the posterior brain reflects a lower activation of ER-PPP in response to hyperglycemia-related redox stress in these areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Miceli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.M.); (V.C.); (S.R.); (M.I.D.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Vanessa Cossu
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.M.); (V.C.); (S.R.); (M.I.D.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Cecilia Marini
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (C.M.); (A.M.O.)
- CNR Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), 20090 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Raffa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.M.); (V.C.); (S.R.); (M.I.D.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria Isabella Donegani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.M.); (V.C.); (S.R.); (M.I.D.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, University of Genoa, Genova 16132, Italy; (S.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Human Anatomy, University of Genoa, Genova 16132, Italy; (S.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Laura Emionite
- Animal Facility, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Anna Maria Orengo
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (C.M.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Federica Grillo
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, Pathology Unit, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Flavio Nobili
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.N.); (A.U.)
- Clinical Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Morbelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.M.); (V.C.); (S.R.); (M.I.D.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (C.M.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.N.); (A.U.)
- Clinical Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianmario Sambuceti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.M.); (V.C.); (S.R.); (M.I.D.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (C.M.); (A.M.O.)
| | - Matteo Bauckneht
- Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (C.M.); (A.M.O.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|