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Howarth FC, Norstedt G, Boldyriev OI, Qureshi MA, Mohamed O, Parekh K, Venkataraman B, Subramanya S, Shmygol A, Al Kury LT. Effects of prolactin on ventricular myocyte shortening and calcium transport in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03797. [PMID: 32322744 PMCID: PMC7170995 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological role of prolactin (PRL) in the heart, and in particular the diabetic heart, are largely unknown. The effects of PRL on ventricular myocyte shortening and Ca2+ transport in the streptozotocin (STZ) – induced diabetic and in age-matched control rats were investigated. PRL receptor protein, myocyte shortening, intracellular [Ca2+], L-type Ca2+ current were measured by Western blot, cell imaging, fluorescence photometry and whole-cell patch-clamp techniques, respectively. Compared to normal Tyrode solution (NT), PRL (50 ng/ml) significantly (p < 0.05) increased the amplitude of shortening in myocytes from control (7.43 ± 0.38 vs. 9.68 ± 0.46 %) and diabetic (6.57 ± 0.24 vs. 8.91 ± 0.44 %) heart (n = 44–49 cells). Compared to NT, PRL (50 ng/ml) significantly increased the amplitude of Ca2+ transients in myocytes from control (0.084 ± 0.004 vs. 0.115 ± 0.007 Fura-2 ratio units) and diabetic (0.087 ± 0.007 vs. 0.112 ± 0.006 Fura-2 ratio units) heart (n = 36–50 cells). PRL did not significantly alter the amplitude of caffeine-evoked Ca2+ transients however, PRL significantly increased the fractional release of Ca2+ in myocytes from control (21 %) and diabetic (14 %) and heart. The rate of Ca2+ transient recovery following PRL treatment was significantly increased in myocytes from diabetic and control heart. Amplitude of L-type Ca2+ current was not significantly altered by diabetes or by PRL. PRL increased the amplitude of shortening and Ca2+ transients in myocytes from control and diabetic heart. Increased fractional release of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ may partly underlie the positive inotropic effects of PRL in ventricular myocytes from control and STZ-induced diabetic rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank C Howarth
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Oleksiy I Boldyriev
- Department of Neuromuscular Physiology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Muhammad A Qureshi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ozaz Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khatija Parekh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Balaji Venkataraman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sandeep Subramanya
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anatoliy Shmygol
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lina T Al Kury
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural & Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Pflimlin E, Lear S, Lee C, Yu S, Zou H, To A, Joseph S, Nguyen-Tran V, Tremblay MS, Shen W. Design of a Long-Acting and Selective MEG-Fatty Acid Stapled Prolactin-Releasing Peptide Analog. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1166-1172. [PMID: 31413801 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Anorexigenic peptides offer promise as potential therapies targeting the escalating global obesity epidemic. Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), a novel member of the RFamide family secreted by the hypothalamus, shows therapeutic potential by decreasing food intake and body weight in rodent models via GPR10 activation. Here we describe the design of a long-acting PrRP using our recently developed novel multiple ethylene glycol-fatty acid (MEG-FA) stapling platform. By incorporating serum albumin binding fatty acids onto a covalent side chain staple, we have generated a series of MEG-FA stapled PrRP analogs with enhanced serum stability and in vivo half-life. Our lead compound 18-S4 exhibits good in vitro potency and selectivity against GPR10, improved serum stability, and extended in vivo half-life (7.8 h) in mouse. Furthermore, 18-S4 demonstrates a potent body weight reduction effect in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model, representing a promising long-acting PrRP analog for further evaluation in the chronic obesity setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Pflimlin
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Sam Lear
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Candy Lee
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Shan Yu
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Huafei Zou
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Andrew To
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Sean Joseph
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Van Nguyen-Tran
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Matthew S. Tremblay
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Weijun Shen
- Calibr at Scripps Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 100, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Pirník Z, Kolesárová M, Železná B, Maletínská L. Repeated peripheral administration of lipidized prolactin-releasing peptide analog induces c-fos and FosB expression in neurons of dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus in male C57 mice. Neurochem Int 2018; 116:77-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mikulášková B, Maletínská L, Zicha J, Kuneš J. The role of food intake regulating peptides in cardiovascular regulation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 436:78-92. [PMID: 27450151 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor that worsens cardiovascular events leading to higher morbidity and mortality. However, the exact mechanisms of relation between obesity and cardiovascular events are unclear. Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated that pharmacological therapy for obesity has great potential to improve some cardiovascular problems. Therefore, it is important to determine the common mechanisms regulating both food intake and blood pressure. Several hormones produced by peripheral tissues work together with neuropeptides involved in the regulation of both food intake and blood pressure. Anorexigenic (food intake lowering) hormones such as leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1 and cholecystokinin cooperate with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated peptide as well as prolactin-releasing peptide. Curiously their collective actions result in increased sympathetic activity, especially in the kidney, which could be one of the factors responsible for the blood pressure increases seen in obesity. On the other hand, orexigenic (food intake enhancing) peptides, especially ghrelin released from the stomach and acting in the brain, cooperates with orexins, neuropeptide Y, melanin-concentrating hormone and galanin, which leads to decreased sympathetic activity and blood pressure. This paradox should be intensively studied in the future. Moreover, it is important to know that the hypothalamus together with the brainstem seem to be major structures in the regulation of food intake and blood pressure. Thus, the above mentioned regions might be essential brain components in the transmission of peripheral signals to the central effects. In this short review, we summarize the current information on cardiovascular effects of food intake regulating peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mikulášková
- Institute of Physiology AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Zicha
- Institute of Physiology AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Kuneš
- Institute of Physiology AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Mikulášková B, Zemenová J, Pirník Z, Pražienková V, Bednárová L, Železná B, Maletínská L, Kuneš J. Effect of palmitoylated prolactin-releasing peptide on food intake and neural activation after different routes of peripheral administration in rats. Peptides 2016; 75:109-17. [PMID: 26643957 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is an escalating epidemic, but an effective non-invasive therapy is still scarce. For obesity treatment, anorexigenic neuropeptides are promising tools, but their delivery from the periphery to the brain is complicated by their peptide character. In order to overcome this unfavorable fact, we have applied the lipidization of neuropeptide prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), whose strong anorexigenic effect was demonstrated. A palmitoylated analog of human PrRP (h palm-PrRP31) was injected in free-fed Wistar rats by three routes: subcutaneous (s.c.), intraperitoneal (i.p) (both 5 mg/kg) and intravenous (i.v.) (from 0.01 to 0.5 mg/kg). We found a circulating compound in the blood after all three applications with the highest concentration after i.v. administration. This corresponds to the effect on food intake, which was also strongest after i.v. injection. Moreover, this is in agreement with the fact that the expression of c-Fos in specific brain regions involved in food intake regulation was also highest after intravenous application. Pharmacokinetic data are further supported by results obtained from dynamic light scattering and CD spectroscopy. Human palm-PrRP31 analog showed a strong tendency to micellize, and formation of aggregates suggested lower availability after i.p. or s.c. application. We have demonstrated that palm-PrRP influenced food intake even in free fed rats. Not surprisingly, the maximal effect was achieved after the intravenous application even though two orders of magnitude lower dose was used compared to both two other applications. We believe that palm-PrRP could have a potential as an antiobesity drug when its s.c. application would be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Mikulášková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Zemenová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; University of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenko Pirník
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Functional Neuromorphology, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, SAS, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Department of Human and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Pražienková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednárová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Železná
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Maletínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Kuneš
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic; Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Maguire JJ, Kirby HR, Mead EJ, Kuc RE, d'Anglemont de Tassigny X, Colledge WH, Davenport AP. Inotropic action of the puberty hormone kisspeptin in rat, mouse and human: cardiovascular distribution and characteristics of the kisspeptin receptor. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27601. [PMID: 22132116 PMCID: PMC3222648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptins, the ligands of the kisspeptin receptor known for its roles in reproduction and cancer, are also vasoconstrictor peptides in atherosclerosis-prone human aorta and coronary artery. The aim of this study was to further investigate the cardiovascular localisation and function of the kisspeptins and their receptor in human compared to rat and mouse heart. Immunohistochemistry and radioligand binding techniques were employed to investigate kisspeptin receptor localisation, density and pharmacological characteristics in cardiac tissues from all three species. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect kisspeptin peptide levels in human normal heart and to identify any pathological changes in myocardium from patients transplanted for cardiomyopathy or ischaemic heart disease. The cardiac function of kisspeptin receptor was studied in isolated human, rat and mouse paced atria, with a role for the receptor confirmed using mice with targeted disruption of Kiss1r. The data demonstrated that kisspeptin receptor-like immunoreactivity localised to endothelial and smooth muscle cells of intramyocardial blood vessels and to myocytes in human and rodent tissue. [125I]KP-14 bound saturably, with subnanomolar affinity to human and rodent myocardium (KD = 0.12 nM, human; KD = 0.44 nM, rat). Positive inotropic effects of kisspeptin were observed in rat, human and mouse. No response was observed in mice with targeted disruption of Kiss1r. In human heart a decrease in cardiac kisspeptin level was detected in ischaemic heart disease. Kisspeptin and its receptor are expressed in the human, rat and mouse heart and kisspeptins possess potent positive inotropic activity. The cardiovascular actions of the kisspeptins may contribute to the role of these peptides in pregnancy but the consequences of receptor activation must be considered if kisspeptin receptor agonists are developed for use in the treatment of reproductive disorders or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet J Maguire
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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