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Igoshin AV, Romashov GA, Yurchenko AA, Yudin NS, Larkin DM. Scans for Signatures of Selection in Genomes of Wagyu and Buryat Cattle Breeds Reveal Candidate Genes and Genetic Variants for Adaptive Phenotypes and Production Traits. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2059. [PMID: 39061521 PMCID: PMC11274160 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Past and ongoing selection shapes the genomes of livestock breeds. Identifying such signatures of selection allows for uncovering the genetic bases of affected phenotypes, including economically important traits and environmental adaptations, for the further improvement of breed genetics to respond to climate and economic challenges. Turano-Mongolian cattle are a group of taurine breeds known for their adaptation to extreme environmental conditions and outstanding production performance. Buryat Turano-Mongolian cattle are among the few breeds adapted to cold climates and poor forage. Wagyu, on the other hand, is famous for high productivity and unique top-quality marbled meat. We used hapFLK, the de-correlated composite of multiple signals (DCMS), PBS, and FST methods to search for signatures of selection in their genomes. The scans revealed signals in genes related to cold adaptation (e.g., STAT3, DOCK5, GSTM3, and CXCL8) and food digestibility (SI) in the Buryat breed, and growth and development traits (e.g., RBFOX2 and SHOX2) and marbling (e.g., DGAT1, IQGAP2, RSRC1, and DIP2B) in Wagyu. Several putatively selected genes associated with reproduction, immunity, and resistance to pathogens were found in both breed genomes. The results of our work could be used for creating new productive adapted breeds or improving the extant breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Igoshin
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.I.)
| | - Grigorii A. Romashov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.I.)
| | - Andrey A. Yurchenko
- INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris Saclay, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Nikolay S. Yudin
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.V.I.)
| | - Denis M. Larkin
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London NW1 0TU, UK
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2
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Sen A, Youssef S, Wendt K, Anakk S. Depletion of IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 2 (IQGAP2) reduces hepatic glycogen and impairs insulin signaling. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105322. [PMID: 37805137 PMCID: PMC10652104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is critical in maintaining metabolic homeostasis, regulating both anabolic and catabolic processes. Scaffold protein IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 2 (IQGAP2) is highly expressed in the liver and implicated in fatty acid uptake. However, its role in coordinating either fed or fasted responses is not well understood. Here we report that IQGAP2 is widely expressed in the liver that is pronounced in the pericentral region. Although control and IQGAP2 knockout mouse model showed comparable hepatic gene expression in the fasted state, we found significant defects in fed state responses. Glycogen levels were reduced in the periportal region when IQGAP2 was deleted. Consistently, we observed a decrease in phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3α and total glycogen synthase protein in the fed IQGAP2 knockout mice which suggest inadequate glycogen synthesis. Moreover, immunoprecipitation of IQGAP2 revealed its interaction with GSK3 and GYS. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that knocking down IQGAP2 in vitro significantly decreased the phosphorylation of AKT and forkhead box O3 proteins downstream of insulin signaling. These findings suggest that IQGAP2 contributes to liver fed state metabolism by interacting with glycogen synthesis regulators and affecting the phosphorylation of insulin pathway components. Our results suggest that IQGAP2 plays a role in regulating fed state metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushna Sen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sara Youssef
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Karen Wendt
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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3
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Body weight changes and bipolar disorder: a molecular pathway analysis. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2022; 32:308-320. [DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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McCoin CS, Franczak E, Washburn MP, Sardiu ME, Thyfault JP. Acute exercise dynamically modulates the hepatic mitochondrial proteome. Mol Omics 2022; 18:840-852. [PMID: 35929479 PMCID: PMC9633379 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00143h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exercise powerfully increases energy metabolism and substrate flux in tissues, a process reliant on dramatic changes in mitochondrial energetics. Liver mitochondria play a multi-factorial role during exercise to fuel hepatic glucose output. We previously showed acute exercise activates hepatic mitophagy, a pathway to recycle low-functioning/damaged mitochondria, however little is known how individual bouts of exercise alters the hepatic mitochondrial proteome. Here we leveraged proteomics to examine changes in isolated hepatic mitochondria both immediately after and 2 hours post an acute, 1 hour bout of treadmill exercise in female mice. Further, we utilized leupeptin, a lysosomal inhibitor, to capture and measure exercise-induced changes in mitochondrial proteins that would have been unmeasured due to their targeting for lysosomal degradation. Proteomic analysis of enriched hepatic mitochondria identified 3241 total proteins. Functional enrichment analysis revealed robust enrichment for proteins critical to the mitochondria including metabolic pathways, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and electron transport system. Compared to the sedentary condition, exercise elevated processes regulating lipid localization, Il-5 signaling, and protein phosphorylation in isolated mitochondria. t-SNE analysis identified 4 unique expressional clusters driven by time-dependent changes in protein expression. Isolation of proteins significantly altered with exercise from each cluster revealed influences of leupeptin and exercise both independently and cooperatively modulating mitochondrial protein expressional profiles. Overall, we provide evidence that acute exercise rapidly modulates changes in the proteins/pathways of isolated hepatic mitochondria that include fatty acid metabolism/storage, post-translational protein modification, inflammation, and oxidative stress. In conclusion, the hepatic mitochondrial proteome undergoes extensive remodeling with a bout of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin S McCoin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- KU Diabetes Institute and Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
| | - Edziu Franczak
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Michael P Washburn
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mihaela E Sardiu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- KU Diabetes Institute and Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
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5
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Dai Q, Ain Q, Rooney M, Song F, Zipprich A. Role of IQ Motif-Containing GTPase-Activating Proteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:920652. [PMID: 35785216 PMCID: PMC9243542 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.920652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating proteins (IQGAPs) are a class of scaffolding proteins, including IQGAP1, IQGAP2, and IQGAP3, which govern multiple cellular activities by facilitating cytoskeletal remodeling and cellular signal transduction. The role of IQGAPs in cancer initiation and progression has received increasing attention in recent years, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where the aberrant expression of IQGAPs is closely related to patient prognosis. IQGAP1 and 3 are upregulated and are considered oncogenes in HCC, while IQGAP2 is downregulated and functions as a tumor suppressor. This review details the three IQGAP isoforms and their respective structures. The expression and role of each protein in different liver diseases and mainly in HCC, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are also presented. This review also provides a reference for further studies on IQGAPs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Else Kröner Graduate School for Medical Students “Jena School for Ageing Medicine (JSAM)”, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Quratul Ain
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Rooney
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Fei Song
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Zipprich
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Alexander Zipprich,
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Wang T, Zhou M, Guo J, Guo YY, Ding K, Wang P, Wang ZP. Analysis of selection signatures on the Z chromosome of bidirectional selection broiler lines for the assessment of abdominal fat content. BMC Genom Data 2021; 22:18. [PMID: 34058970 PMCID: PMC8165782 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-021-00971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The discovery of selection signatures has enabled the identification of genomics regions under selective pressure, enhancing knowledge of evolutionary genotype-phenotypes. Sex chromosomes play an important role in species formation and evolution. Therefore, the exploration of selection signatures on sex chromosomes has important biological significance. Results In this study, we used the Cross Population Extend Haplotype Homozygosity Test (XPEHH), F-statistics (FST) and EigenGWAS to assess selection signatures on the Z chromosome in 474 broiler chickens via Illumina chicken 60 K SNP chips. SNP genotype data were downloaded from publicly available resources. We identified 17 selection regions, amongst which 1, 11 and 12 were identified by XPEHH, FST, and EigenGWAS, respectively. Each end of the Z chromosome appeared to undergo the highest levels of selection pressure. A total of 215 candidate genes were located in 17 selection regions, some of which mediated lipogenesis, fatty acid production, fat metabolism, and fat decomposition, including FGF10, ELOVL7, and IL6ST. Using abdominal adipose tissue expression data of the chickens, 187 candidate genes were expressed with 15 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in fat vs. lean lines identified. Amongst the DEGs, VCAN was related to fat metabolism. GO pathway enrichment analysis and QTL annotations were performed to fully characterize the selection mechanism(s) of chicken abdominal fat content. Conclusions We have found some selection regions and candidate genes involving in fat metabolism on the Z chromosome. These findings enhance our understanding of sex chromosome selection signatures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-021-00971-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Bioinformatics Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Bioinformatics Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Bioinformatics Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Bioinformatics Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Kun Ding
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhehot, China
| | - Peng Wang
- HeiLongJiang provincial Husbandry Department, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China. .,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China. .,Bioinformatics Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
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7
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Hedman AC, Li Z, Gorisse L, Parvathaneni S, Morgan CJ, Sacks DB. IQGAP1 binds AMPK and is required for maximum AMPK activation. J Biol Chem 2020; 296:100075. [PMID: 33191271 PMCID: PMC7948462 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a fundamental component of a protein kinase cascade that is an energy sensor. AMPK maintains energy homeostasis in the cell by promoting catabolic and inhibiting anabolic pathways. Activation of AMPK requires phosphorylation by the liver kinase B1 or by the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 (CaMKK2). The scaffold protein IQGAP1 regulates intracellular signaling pathways, such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase and AKT signaling cascades. Recent work implicates the participation of IQGAP1 in metabolic function, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. Here, using several approaches including binding analysis with fusion proteins, siRNA-mediated gene silencing, RT-PCR, and knockout mice, we investigated whether IQGAP1 modulates AMPK signaling. In vitro analysis reveals that IQGAP1 binds directly to the α1 subunit of AMPK. In addition, we observed a direct interaction between IQGAP1 and CaMKK2, which is mediated by the IQ domain of IQGAP1. Both CaMKK2 and AMPK associate with IQGAP1 in cells. The ability of metformin and increased intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations to activate AMPK is reduced in cells lacking IQGAP1. Importantly, Ca2+-stimulated AMPK phosphorylation was rescued by re-expression of IQGAP1 in IQGAP1-null cell lines. Comparison of the fasting response in wild-type and IQGAP1-null mice revealed that transcriptional regulation of the gluconeogenesis genes PCK1 and G6PC and the fatty acid synthesis genes FASN and ACC1 is impaired in IQGAP1-null mice. Our data disclose a previously unidentified functional interaction between IQGAP1 and AMPK and suggest that IQGAP1 modulates AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Hedman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Laëtitia Gorisse
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Swetha Parvathaneni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chase J Morgan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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8
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Xu L, Shao Y, Ren L, Liu X, Li Y, Xu J, Ye Y. IQGAP2 Inhibits Migration and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells via Elevating SHIP2 Phosphatase Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061968. [PMID: 32183047 PMCID: PMC7139352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown reduced expression of Src homology 2-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) and its tumor-suppressive role in gastric cancer (GC). However, the precise role of SHIP2 in the migration and invasion of GC cells remains unclear. Here, an IQ motif containing the GTPase-activating protein 2 (IQGAP2) as a SHIP2 binding partner, was screened and identified by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry studies. While IQGAP2 ubiquitously expressed in GC cells, IQGAP2 and SHIP2 co-localized in the cytoplasm of GC cells, and this physical association was confirmed by the binding of IQGAP2 to PRD and SAM domains of SHIP2. The knockdown of either SHIP2 or IQGAP2 promoted cell migration and invasion by inhibiting SHIP2 phosphatase activity, activating Akt and subsequently increasing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, knockdown of IQGAP2 in SHIP2-overexpressing GC cells reversed the inhibition of cell migration and invasion by SHIP2 induction, which was associated with the suppression of elevated SHIP2 phosphatase activity. Moreover, the deletion of PRD and SAM domains of SHIP2 abrogated the interaction and restored cell migration and invasion. Collectively, these results indicate that IQGAP2 interacts with SHIP2, leading to the increment of SHIP2 phosphatase activity, and thereby inhibiting the migration and invasion of GC cells via the inactivation of Akt and reduction in EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Ye
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-551-65161139
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9
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Vairamani K, Wang HS, Medvedovic M, Lorenz JN, Shull GE. RNA SEQ Analysis Indicates that the AE3 Cl -/HCO 3- Exchanger Contributes to Active Transport-Mediated CO 2 Disposal in Heart. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7264. [PMID: 28779178 PMCID: PMC5544674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of the AE3 Cl−/HCO3− exchanger (Slc4a3) in mice causes an impaired cardiac force-frequency response and heart failure under some conditions but the mechanisms are not known. To better understand the functions of AE3, we performed RNA Seq analysis of AE3-null and wild-type mouse hearts and evaluated the data with respect to three hypotheses (CO2 disposal, facilitation of Na+-loading, and recovery from an alkaline load) that have been proposed for its physiological functions. Gene Ontology and PubMatrix analyses of differentially expressed genes revealed a hypoxia response and changes in vasodilation and angiogenesis genes that strongly support the CO2 disposal hypothesis. Differential expression of energy metabolism genes, which indicated increased glucose utilization and decreased fatty acid utilization, were consistent with adaptive responses to perturbations of O2/CO2 balance in AE3-null myocytes. Given that the myocardium is an obligate aerobic tissue and consumes large amounts of O2, the data suggest that loss of AE3, which has the potential to extrude CO2 in the form of HCO3−, impairs O2/CO2 balance in cardiac myocytes. These results support a model in which the AE3 Cl−/HCO3− exchanger, coupled with parallel Cl− and H+-extrusion mechanisms and extracellular carbonic anhydrase, is responsible for active transport-mediated disposal of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanimozhi Vairamani
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - John N Lorenz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Gary E Shull
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA.
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10
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Chawla B, Hedman AC, Sayedyahossein S, Erdemir HH, Li Z, Sacks DB. Absence of IQGAP1 Protein Leads to Insulin Resistance. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:3273-3289. [PMID: 28082684 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.752642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin binds to the insulin receptor (IR) and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), leading to activation of the PKB/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways. IQGAP1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with multiple binding partners and integrates diverse signaling cascades. Here we show that IQGAP1 associates with both IR and IRS-1 and influences insulin action. In vitro analysis with pure proteins revealed that the IQ region of IQGAP1 binds directly to the intracellular domain of IR. Similarly, the phosphotyrosine-binding domain of IRS-1 mediates a direct interaction with the C-terminal tail of IQGAP1. Consistent with these observations, both IR and IRS-1 co-immunoprecipitated with IQGAP1 from cells. Investigation of the functional effects of the interactions revealed that in the absence of IQGAP1, insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, as well as the association of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase with IRS-1, were significantly decreased. Importantly, loss of IQGAP1 results in impaired insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis in vivo Collectively, these data reveal that IQGAP1 is a scaffold for IR and IRS-1 and implicate IQGAP1 as a participant in insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavna Chawla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Andrew C Hedman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Samar Sayedyahossein
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Huseyin H Erdemir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
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11
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IQGAP2 is a novel interferon-alpha antiviral effector gene acting non-conventionally through the NF-κB pathway. J Hepatol 2016; 65:972-979. [PMID: 27401546 PMCID: PMC5656012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Type I interferons (IFN) provide the first line of defense against invading pathogens but its mechanism of action is still not well understood. Using unbiased genome-wide siRNA screens, we recently identified IQ-motif containing GTPase activating protein 2 (IQGAP2), a tumor suppressor predominantly expressed in the liver, as a novel gene putatively required for IFN antiviral response against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Here we sought to characterize IQGAP2 role in IFN response. METHODS We used transient small interfering RNA knockdown strategy in hepatic cell lines highly permissive to JFH1 strain of HCV infection. RESULTS We found that IQGAP2 acts downstream of IFN binding to its receptor, and independently of the JAK-STAT pathway, by physically interacting with RelA (also known as p65), a subunit of the NF-κB transcription factor. Interestingly, our data reveal a mechanism distinct from the well-characterized role of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) in IFN production. Indeed, IFN alone was sufficient to stimulate NF-κB-dependent transcription in the absence of viral infection. Finally, both IQGAP2 and RelA were required for the induction by IFN of a subset of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) with known antiviral properties. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify a novel function for IQGAP2 in IFN antiviral response in hepatoma cells. We demonstrate the involvement of IQGAP2 in regulating ISG induction by IFN in an NF-κB-dependent manner. The IQGAP2 pathway may provide new targets for antiviral strategies in the liver, and may have a wider therapeutic implication in other disease pathogeneses driven by NF-κB activation. LAY SUMMARY In this study, we identify a novel mechanism of action of interferon involving the IQGAP2 protein and the NF-κB pathway that is ultimately protective against hepatitis C virus infection. This newly identified pathway functions independently of the well-known STAT pathway and may therefore provide new targets for antiviral strategies in the liver.
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12
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Hedman AC, Smith JM, Sacks DB. The biology of IQGAP proteins: beyond the cytoskeleton. EMBO Rep 2015; 16:427-46. [PMID: 25722290 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201439834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IQGAP scaffold proteins are evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes and facilitate the formation of complexes that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics, intracellular signaling, and intercellular interactions. Fungal and mammalian IQGAPs are implicated in cytokinesis. IQGAP1, IQGAP2, and IQGAP3 have diverse roles in vertebrate physiology, operating in the kidney, nervous system, cardio-vascular system, pancreas, and lung. The functions of IQGAPs can be corrupted during oncogenesis and are usurped by microbial pathogens. Therefore, IQGAPs represent intriguing candidates for novel therapeutic agents. While modulation of the cytoskeletal architecture was initially thought to be the primary function of IQGAPs, it is now clear that they have roles beyond the cytoskeleton. This review describes contributions of IQGAPs to physiology at the organism level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Hedman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jessica M Smith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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13
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IQGAPs choreograph cellular signaling from the membrane to the nucleus. Trends Cell Biol 2015; 25:171-84. [PMID: 25618329 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1994, recognized cellular functions for the scaffold protein IQGAP1 have expanded immensely. Over 100 unique IQGAP1-interacting proteins have been identified, implicating IQGAP1 as a critical integrator of cellular signaling pathways. Initial research established functions for IQGAP1 in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration, and cell signaling. Recent studies have revealed additional IQGAP1 binding partners, expanding the biological roles of IQGAP1. These include crosstalk between signaling cascades, regulation of nuclear function, and Wnt pathway potentiation. Investigation of the IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 homologs demonstrates unique functions, some of which differ from those of IQGAP1. Summarized here are recent observations that enhance our understanding of IQGAP proteins in the integration of diverse signaling pathways.
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Vaitheesvaran B, Hartil K, Navare A, Zheng, ÓBroin P, Golden A, Guha, Lee WN, Kurland I, Bruce JE. Role of the tumor suppressor IQGAP2 in metabolic homeostasis: Possible link between diabetes and cancer. Metabolomics 2014; 10:920-937. [PMID: 25254002 PMCID: PMC4169985 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-014-0639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency of IQGAP2, a scaffolding protein expressed primarily in liver leads to rearrangements of hepatic protein compartmentalization and altered regulation of enzyme functions predisposing development of hepatocellular carcinoma and diabetes. Employing a systems approach with proteomics, metabolomics and fluxes characterizations, we examined the effects of IQGAP2 deficient proteomic changes on cellular metabolism and the overall metabolic phenotype. Iqgap2-/- mice demonstrated metabolic inflexibility, fasting hyperglycemia and obesity. Such phenotypic characteristics were associated with aberrant hepatic regulations of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, lipid homeostasis and futile cycling corroborated with corresponding proteomic changes in cytosolic and mitochondrial compartments. IQGAP2 deficiency also led to truncated TCA-cycle, increased anaplerosis, increased supply of acetyl-CoA for de novo lipogenesis, and increased mitochondrial methyl-donor metabolism necessary for nucleotides synthesis. Our results suggest that changes in metabolic networks in IQGAP2 deficiency create a hepatic environment of a 'pre-diabetic' phenotype and a predisposition to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which has been linked to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Vaitheesvaran
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center, Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461
| | - K. Hartil
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center, Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461
| | - A. Navare
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98109
| | - Zheng
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98109
| | - P. ÓBroin
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center, Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461
- Department of Genetics., Division of Computational Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NewYork, 10461
| | - A. Golden
- Department of Genetics., Division of Computational Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NewYork, 10461
| | - Guha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461
| | - WN. Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90502
| | - I.J Kurland
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Center, Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461
| | - J. E. Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98109
- Corresponding author: James E. Bruce. Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98109., , Phone: 206-543-0220, Fax: 206-616-0008
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Gnatenko DV, Xu X, Zhu W, Schmidt VA. Transcript profiling identifies iqgap2(-/-) mouse as a model for advanced human hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71826. [PMID: 23951254 PMCID: PMC3741273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is broadly accepted that genetically engineered animal models do not always recapitulate human pathobiology. Therefore identifying best-fit mouse models of human cancers that truly reflect the corresponding human disease is of vital importance in elucidating molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis and developing preventive and therapeutic approaches. A new hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mouse model lacking a novel putative tumor suppressor IQGAP2 has been generated by our laboratory. The aim of this study was to obtain the molecular signature of Iqgap2−/− HCC tumors and establish the relevance of this model to human disease. Here we report a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of Iqgap2−/− livers and a cross-species comparison of human and Iqgap2−/− HCC tumors using Significance Analysis of Microarray (SAM) and unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis. We identified the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as the top canonical pathway dysregulated in Iqgap2−/− livers. We also demonstrated that Iqgap2−/− hepatic tumors shared genetic signatures with HCC tumors from patients with advanced disease as evidenced by a 78% mouse-to-human microarray data set concordance rate with 117 out of 151 identified ortholog genes having similar expression profiles across the two species. Collectively, these results indicate that the Iqgap2 knockout mouse model closely recapitulates human HCC at the molecular level and supports its further application for the study of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V. Gnatenko
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Valentina A. Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Watch the GAP: Emerging Roles for IQ Motif-Containing GTPase-Activating Proteins IQGAPs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Hepatol 2012; 2012:958673. [PMID: 22973521 PMCID: PMC3438877 DOI: 10.1155/2012/958673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating proteins IQGAP1 and IQGAP2 are highly homologous multidomain scaffolding proteins. Their major function consists of integration of Rho GTPase and Ca(2+)/calmodulin signals with cell adhesive and cytoskeletal reorganizational events. Recent studies showed that they play an important role in carcinogenesis. There is growing evidence that IQGAP2 is a novel tumor suppressor counteracting the effects of IQGAP1, an oncogene, in several cancers, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While HCC is highly prevalent and one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, the signaling pathways involved are not fully understood and treatment of advanced disease still represents an area of high unmet medical need. This paper compiles various findings from studies in mouse models, cell lines, and patient samples that support future development of IQGAPs into new therapeutic targets. It also discusses distinct features of IQGAP2 in an attempt to provide insight into the mechanism of the seemingly paradoxical opposing roles of the two very similar IQGAP proteins in carcinogenesis.
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