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Effects of Boron-Containing Compounds on Liposoluble Hormone Functions. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron-containing compounds (BCC), particularly boronic acids and derivatives, are being increasingly tested as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Some effects of BCC involve phenomena linked to the action of steroid or thyroid hormones; among these, are the effects on muscle mass or basal metabolism. Additionally, some toxicology reports on mammals, including humans, sound an alert concerning damage to several systems, among which are the negative effects on the induction of male infertility. Systemic and local mechanisms to explain changes in metabolism and impaired fertility were collected and presented. Then, we presented the putative pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic mechanisms involved and demonstrated in these events. In addition, it is proposed that there are adducts of some oxygenated BCC with cis-diols in fructose, an essential source of energy for sperm–cell motility, an uncoupling of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and its ligands, and the modulation of the DNA synthetic rate. These effects share the reactivity of boron-containing compounds on the cis-diols of key molecules. Moreover, data reporting no DNA damage after BCC administration are included. Further studies are required to support the clear role of BCC through these events to disrupt metabolism or fertility in mammals. If such phenomena are confirmed and elucidated, an advance could be useful to design strategies for avoiding BCC toxicity after BCC administration, and possibly for designing metabolism regulators and contraceptive drugs, among other purposes. Boronic derivatives and carboranes have been proposed and studied in this field.
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Turna Demir F, Demir E. Exposure to boron trioxide nanoparticles and ions cause oxidative stress, DNA damage, and phenotypic alterations in Drosophila melanogaster as an in vivo model. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1854-1867. [PMID: 35837816 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Boron trioxide nanoparticles (B2 O3 NPs) have recently been widely used in a range of applications including electronic device technologies, acousto-optic apparatus fields and as nanopowder for the production of special glasses. We propose Drosophila melanogaster as a useful in vivo model system to study the genotoxic risks associated with NP exposure. In this study we have conducted a genotoxic evaluation of B2 O3 NPs (size average 55.52 ± 1.41 nm) and its ionic form in D. melanogaster. B2 O3 NPs were supplied to third instar larvae at concentrations ranging from 0.1-10 mM. Toxicity, intracellular oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, ROS), phenotypic alterations, genotoxic effect (via the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART), and DNA damage (via Comet assay) were the end-points evaluated. B2 O3 NPs did not cause any mutagenic/recombinogenic effects in all tested non-toxic concentrations in Drosophila SMART. Negative data were also obtained with the ionic form. Exposure to B2 O3 NPs and its ionic form (at two highest concentrations, 2.5 and 5 mM) was found to induce DNA damage in Comet assay. Additionally, ROS induction in hemocytes and phenotypic alterations were determined in the mouths and legs of Drosophila. This study is the first study reporting genotoxicity data in the somatic cells of Drosophila larvae, emphasizing the importance of D. melanogaster as a model organism in investigating the different biological effects in a concentration dependent manner caused by B2 O3 NPs and its ionic form. The obtained in vivo results contribute to improvement the genotoxicity database on the B2 O3 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Turna Demir
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Eşref Demir
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
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Yılmaz Sarıaltın S, Üstündağ A, Mhlanga Chinheya R, İpek S, Duydu Y. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in human Sertoli cells exposed to boric acid. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 70:126913. [PMID: 34952296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron, which is used in a range of industries worldwide, is an essential micronutrient for plants and "probably essential" for humans. Conflicting reports have been published regarding the toxicity of boron compounds. Moreover, boric acid and sodium borates are classified as toxic to development and reproduction in the European Union-Classification, Labelling and Packaging Regulation (EU-CLP Regulation). The scope of our study was to ascertain whether boric acid caused the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, as well as oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell cycle profiles on human Sertoli cells. METHODS The possible toxic effects of boric acid on human Sertoli cells were investigated by in vitro methods. The cellular viability and DNA damage were examined by neutral red uptake and alkaline comet assay, respectively. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest profiles were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Boric acid was neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic in a wide concentration range (0.5-1000 μM) on human Sertoli cells. No significant difference in the DNA damage was observed between boric acid-treated and control groups (p > 0.05). Boric acid did not stimulate oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest within the tested concentrations. CONCLUSION Our study provides novel insights into the influences of boric acid on human Sertoli cells which are used as a model in male reproductive toxicity studies. The concentrations tested in our study were extremely higher than the blood and semen boron levels reported in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezen Yılmaz Sarıaltın
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylin Üstündağ
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Rosa Mhlanga Chinheya
- Ankara University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda İpek
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yalçın Duydu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
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Drosophila melanogaster as a Model Organism to Study Lithium and Boron Bioactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111710. [PMID: 34769143 PMCID: PMC8584156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has become a valuable model organism in nutritional science, which can be applied to elucidate the physiology and the biological function of nutrients, including trace elements. Importantly, the application of chemically defined diets enables the supply of trace elements for nutritional studies under highly standardized dietary conditions. Thus, the bioavailability and bioactivity of trace elements can be systematically monitored in D. melanogaster. Numerous studies have already revealed that central aspects of trace element homeostasis are evolutionary conserved among the fruit fly and mammalian species. While there is sufficient evidence of vital functions of boron (B) in plants, there is also evidence regarding its bioactivity in animals and humans. Lithium (Li) is well known for its role in the therapy of bipolar disorder. Furthermore, recent findings suggest beneficial effects of Li regarding neuroprotection as well as healthy ageing and longevity in D. melanogaster. However, no specific essential function in the animal kingdom has been found for either of the two elements so far. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of Li and B bioactivity in D. melanogaster in the context of health and disease prevention.
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Seidel U, Haegele FA, Baumhof E, Jans K, Seidler Y, Kremer D, Bakker SJL, Birringer M, Lüersen K, Bosy-Westphal A, Rimbach G. Boron Contents of German Mineral and Medicinal Waters and Their Bioavailability in Drosophila melanogaster and Humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100345. [PMID: 34061440 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Boron is a trace element that naturally occurs in soil, making mineral and medicinal water important contributors to overall intake. Thus, in a systematic screening, the mean boron concentrations of 381 German mineral and medicinal waters are determined. METHODS AND RESULTS Boron concentrations in mineral and medicinal waters are analyzed by inductively coupled mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Highest boron values find in waters from the southwest of Germany. The boron content of the waters is positively correlated with the concentration of most other analyzed bulk elements, including calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium. Mineral waters with either low (7.9 µg L-1 ), medium (113.9 µg L-1 ), or high (2193.3 µg L-1 ) boron content are chosen for boron exposure experiments in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) and humans. In flies, boron-rich mineral water significantly increases boron accumulation, with the accumulation predominantly occurring in the exoskeleton. In humans, serum boron and 24-h urinary boron excretion significantly increase only in response to the intake of boron-rich mineral water. CONCLUSION Overall, the current data demonstrate that mineral and medicinal waters vary substantially in the content of boron and that boron-rich mineral water can be used to elevate the boron status, both in flies and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Seidel
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franziska A Haegele
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Elena Baumhof
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Jans
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Yvonne Seidler
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daan Kremer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Birringer
- Department of Nutritional Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | - Kai Lüersen
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Lin JY, Mahasti NNN, Huang YH. Recent advances in adsorption and coagulation for boron removal from wastewater: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124401. [PMID: 33280939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The anthropogenic emission of boron to river has become a serious problem that deteriorates the water quality and endangers the ecosystem. Although boron is a micronutrient, it is toxic to plants, animals and humans upon exposure. In this review, we first present the sources of the boron-containing streams and their composition, and then summarize the recent progress of boron removal methods based on adsorption and coagulation systematically. The boron-spiked streams are produced from coal-fired and geothermal power plants, the manufacturing and the activities of oil/gas excavation and mining. The adsorbents for boron removal are classified into the ones functionalized by chelating groups, the ones on the basis of clays or metal oxide. Three subgroups reside in the coagulation approach: electrocoagulation, chemical precipitation and chemical oxo-precipitation. The hybrid technology that combines membrane process and adsorption/coagulation was covered as well. To provide a comprehensive view of each method, we addressed the reaction mechanism, specified the strength and weakness and summarized the progress in the past 5 years. Ultimately, the prospective for future research and the possible improvement on applicability and recyclability were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Yen Lin
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Nicolaus N N Mahasti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hui Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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Hadrup N, Frederiksen M, Sharma AK. Toxicity of boric acid, borax and other boron containing compounds: A review. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 121:104873. [PMID: 33485927 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Boron, often in the form of boric acid, is widely used as a flame retardant in insulation products, and although humans ingest boron through food, high exposure may lead to unwanted health effects. We assessed the toxicity of boric acid, borax and other forms of boron, after inhalation, dermal and oral exposure. After oral exposure, boron is absorbed over the gastrointestinal tract. Intact skin seems to pose a more effective barrier to boron than compromised skin. Boron excretion seems to mainly occur via the urine, although after skin exposure boron has been demonstrated in bile and gastrointestinal contents. Inhalation toxicity data are sparse, but one animal study showed reduced foetal weight after inhalation of cellulose that had a boric acid content of 20%. Skin exposure to boric acid has proven fatal in some cases, and the range of toxicity effects include abdominal as well as local effects on the skin. Fatalities from boric acid also have occurred after oral ingestion, and the endpoints in animals are weight loss and reproductive toxicity. Concerning genotoxicity studies, the overall picture indicates that boron-containing compounds are not genotoxic. There was no evidence of the carcinogenicity of boric acid in a 2-year study in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Marie Frederiksen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK, 2100, Denmark
| | - Anoop K Sharma
- Division for Risk Assessment and Nutrition, Group for Chemical Risk Assessment and GMO, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
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Boric Acid, a Lewis Acid With Unique and Unusual Properties: Formulation Implications. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2375-2386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Başaran N, Duydu Y, Bacanlı M, Gül Anlar H, DİLSİZ SA, Üstündağ A, Yalçın CÖ, Schwerdtle T, Bolt HM. Evaluation of oxidative stress and immune parameters of boron exposed males and females. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 142:111488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Lu L, Zhang Q, Ren M, Jin E, Hu Q, Zhao C, Li S. Effects of Boron on Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, and Cell Cycle of Cultured Rat Sertoli Cells In vitro. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:223-230. [PMID: 31656015 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the administration of boron on viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle of primary rat Sertoli cells (SCs) in vitro. SCs were aseptically isolated from 18-22-day-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. SCs were identified with immunofluorescence using anti-vimentin antibody. Further, to investigate the effects of boron on Sertoli cells, SCs of the boron treatment group were exposed to different concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 40, and 80 mmol/L) of boric acid. Using MTT and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, the impact of boron on SCs viability was analyzed. Cell apoptosis and cycle of SCs were analyzed using flow cytometry. A concentration of 0.5 mmol/L boric acid resulted in the highest viability and lowest necrosis and apoptosis. Above this concentration (even 1.0 mmol/L) showed lower viability and higher levels of necrosis and apoptosis. Administration of < 0.5 mmol/L boron significantly promoted the viability of Sertoli cells (P < 0.01); however, the exposure to high dose (> 10 mmol/L) of boron exhibited significant adverse effects on Sertoli cells (P < 0.01) and even toxic effects, inhibiting cell viability compared to the control group. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with 0.5 mmol/L of boron significantly inhibited the apoptosis of Sertoli cells and the proportion of cells in S and G2/M phases was markedly increased; however, a higher concentration of 40 and 80 mmol/L of boron promoted Sertoli cell apoptosis and cells were completely arrested at G0/G1 phase. Boron at doses below 0.5 mmol/L could significantly improve the viable capacity of testicular Sertoli cells in vitro and inhibit their apoptosis. However, high dose of boron (at a concentration higher than 5.0 mmol/L) exhibited noticeable toxic effects, inhibiting cell viability, accelerating apoptosis of Sertoli cells, and arresting cell cycle at G0/G1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyue Lu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, 233100, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, 233100, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Ren
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, 233100, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Erhui Jin
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, 233100, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Hu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, 233100, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, 233100, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghe Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, 233100, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
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BAŞARAN N, DUYDU Y, ÜSTÜNDAĞ A, TANER G, AYDIN S, ANLAR HG, YALÇIN CÖ, BACANLI M, AYDOS K, ATABEKOĞLU CS, GOLKA K, ICKSTADT K, SCHWERDTLE T, WERNER M, MEYER S, BOLT HM. Evaluation of the DNA damage in lymphocytes, sperm and buccal cells of workers under environmental and occupational boron exposure conditions. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 843:33-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Başaran N, Duydu Y, Üstündağ A, Taner G, Aydin Dilsiz S, Anlar HG, Yalçin CÖ, Bacanli M, Golka K, Schwerdtle T, Bolt HM. Environmental boron exposure does not induce DNA damage in lymphocytes and buccal cells of females: DNA damage in lymphocytes and buccal cells of boron exposed females. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 53:150-153. [PMID: 30910199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) compounds are essential for plants and animals and beneficial for humans in nutritional amounts. I animals and humans increasing evidence have shown beneficial effects on B compounds on nutrition and on antioxidant status. The genotoxic effects of environmental B exposure in women living in boron-rich and boron-poor areas was examined in this study. For this purpose, the DNA damage in the lymphocytes and buccal cells of females were assessed by Comet and micronucleus (MN) assays respectively. No significant difference was observed in the DNA damage of the lymphocytes of B exposed groups of female volunteers in Comet assay. Even buccal micronucleus (MN) frequency observed in the high exposure group was significantly lower than the low exposure group (p < 0.05). The results of this study came to the same conclusions of the previous studies that boron does not induce DNA damage even under extreme exposure conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurşen Başaran
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Yalçın Duydu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylin Üstündağ
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gökçe Taner
- Bursa Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Bioengineering, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sevtap Aydin Dilsiz
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hatice Gül Anlar
- Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Can Özgür Yalçin
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Merve Bacanli
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Klaus Golka
- Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardey Str. 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Department of Food Chemistry, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Hermann M Bolt
- Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Ardey Str. 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
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Ibrahim TB, Abdel-Wahab A, Abdel Aziz RL, El-Anwar AH, Ibrahim SS. Dietary boron supplementation and its impact on testicular function, thyroid activity and serum calcium in rams. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Soriano-Ursúa MA, Farfán-García ED, Geninatti-Crich S. Turning fear of boron toxicity into boron-containing drug design. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5005-5018. [PMID: 30919770 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190327154954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the historical employment of boron-containing compounds (BCCs) with medicinal purposes, the reported cases of BCC toxicity in humans during the twentieth century were driving us towards an "boron-withdrawal" period. Fortunately, the use of boric acid for specific purposes remains, and the discovery of natural BCCs with biological action attractive for therapeutic purposes as well as the introduction of some new BCCs for clinical use have reactivated the interest in studying the properties of these BCCs. METHODS We carried out a structured search of bibliographic databases for scientific peer-reviewed research literature regarding boron toxicity and linked that information to that about BCCs in drug design and development. A deductive qualitative content analysis methodology was applied to analyse the interventions and findings of the included studies using a theoretical outline. RESULTS This review recapitulates the following on a timeline: the boron uses in medicine, the data known about the toxicological profiles of some BCCs, the pharmacological properties of some BCCs that are employed in cancer and infectious disease therapies, and the known properties of BCCs recently introduced into clinical assays as well as the identification of their structure-activity relationships for toxicity and therapeutic use. Then, we discuss the use of new approaches taking advantage of some toxicological data to identify potent and efficient BCCs for prevention and therapy while limiting their toxic effects. CONCLUSION Data for boron toxicity can be strategically used for boron-containing drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Antonio Soriano-Ursúa
- Departamentos de Fisiología, Bioquímica y Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina. Plan de San Luis y Diaz Mirón s/n, 11340, México City. Mexico
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Pleus RC, Bruce G, Klintworth H, Sullivan D, Johnson W, Rajendran N, Keenan J. Repeated dose inhalation developmental toxicity study in rats exposed to cellulose insulation with boric acid additive. Inhal Toxicol 2019; 30:542-552. [PMID: 30829087 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2019.1576806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose insulation (CI), a common building material, is a mixture of cellulose fibers and borates. Borates are approximately 20% of the product weight and act as a flame retardant. Given possible exposure to workers and consumers, an inhalation toxicity study was conducted following Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 414 for Prenatal Development Toxicity to evaluate if CI is a developmental toxicant. Pregnant female rats were exposed by nose-only inhalation to CI aerosols containing 20% boric acid for six h/day, from gestational day (GD) 6-19, and fetuses were evaluated for developmental parameters. Respirable CI was produced by grinding to produce respirable particles (MMAD 2.7-2.9 µm, geometric standard deviations (GSD) 1.9-2.6), which were then aerosolized. Target air concentrations were 15, 90, and 270 mg CI/m3. Controls were exposed to air only. Slight body weight reductions (average decrease <7% vs. control) were observed in male and female GD 20 fetuses in the mid and high dose groups. No embryo/fetal developmental toxicity or alterations in any other measured variable were reported at any dose. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for developmental outcomes was 270 mg/m3.
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Boron-exposed male workers in Turkey: no change in sperm Y:X chromosome ratio and in offspring’s sex ratio. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:743-751. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Evaluation of FSH, LH, testosterone levels and semen parameters in male boron workers under extreme exposure conditions. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:3051-3059. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Duydu Y, Başaran N, Üstündağ A, Aydın S, Yalçın CÖ, Anlar HG, Bacanlı M, Aydos K, Atabekoğlu CS, Golka K, Ickstadt K, Schwerdtle T, Werner M, Meyer S, Bolt HM. Birth weights of newborns and pregnancy outcomes of environmentally boron-exposed females in Turkey. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:2475-2485. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Marat I, Arstan M, Galymzhan Y, Timur J, Yerbolat I, Almasbek Y. Impact of chromium and boron compounds on the reproductive function in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:365-374. [PMID: 29591889 DOI: 10.1177/0748233718759162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to study the process of mutagenesis and the reproductive function in male rats under separate and combined exposure to chromium and boron compounds. The experiment was conducted on two groups of animals. The first group was used to assess the ability of potassium dichromate and boric acid to induce mutation in germ and somatic cells under isolated and combined administration with the use of the dominant lethal mutations test and the micronuclei test in the polychromatophilic erythrocytes of the bone marrow. The second group was used to test the combined and separate effect of the compounds under consideration on the reproductive function of male rats during the spermatogenesis cycle. When used in specific doses, boron compounds are a promising means of preventing and correcting chromium-induced effects in chromium production facility workers and people who live in ecologically adverse regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iztleuov Marat
- Department of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Aktobe, The Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Mamyrbayev Arstan
- Department of Hygiene and Occupational Diseases, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Aktobe, The Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Yeleuov Galymzhan
- LLP “Rehabilitation Medical Center,” Clinic Daru, Aktobe, The Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Jarkenov Timur
- West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Aktobe, The Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Iztleuov Yerbolat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Aktobe, The Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Yeleuov Almasbek
- “Republican Center for Health Development” of the MHSD, Business Center “Altyn Orda,” Astana, The Republic of Kazakhstan
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Aydin S, Erkekoglu P, Başaran N, Kocer-Gumusel B. Impact of selenium status on Aroclor 1254-induced DNA damage in sperm and different tissues of rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 28:252-261. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1397234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevtap Aydin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pinar Erkekoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurşen Başaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Belma Kocer-Gumusel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Duydu Y. Recent Epidemiological Studies on Boron Exposure – Contradiction between Hazard and Risk-Based Assessments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.15406/mojt.2017.03.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Boron and its compounds: current biological research activities. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:2719-2722. [PMID: 28601966 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Michalke B. Biomonitoring of boron: Development and characterization of a simple, reliable and quality controlled biomonitoring method. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 40:24-29. [PMID: 28159218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Boron exposure is of interest and concern from an occupational point of view. Usual daily boron intake is related to boron blood plasma concentration <1mg/L and to <3mg/L in urine, but after exposure urine concentrations are quickly elevated. Reliable boron biomonitoring, typically in urine, thus is mandatory for occupational health control institutions. This paper reports on the development of a simple, fast and reliable boron determination procedure based on inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Major aims for this method were simplicity in sample preparation, low risk for artifacts and interferences, high precision and accuracy, possibly low costs, including lower costs for element selective detection, short total analysis time and suitability for occupational health laboratories. Precision data (serial or day-to-day) from urine and doped urine were very good: <1.5 or <2%. Accuracy was calculated from analysis of a certified reference material (ERM-CD 281), as 99% or according to recoveries of doped concentrations ranging from 102 to 109% recovery. For cross-checking ICP-OES determinations, samples were analyzed also by quadrupole ICP-qMS and by sectorfield ICP-sf-MS at low and medium resolution. Both systems confirmed ICP-OES measurements when using 11B for quantification. Determinations based on 10B however showed some bias, except with ICP-sf-MS at medium resolution. The observed elevated signals are discussed with respect to the known Ne++ interference (as an impurity in Ar), which is not separated in low resolving quadrupole ICP-MS systems or ICP-sf-MS at low resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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Igra AM, Harari F, Lu Y, Casimiro E, Vahter M. Boron exposure through drinking water during pregnancy and birth size. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 95:54-60. [PMID: 27502898 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron is a metalloid found at highly varying concentrations in soil and water. Experimental data indicate that boron is a developmental toxicant, but the few human toxicity data available concern mostly male reproduction. OBJECTIVES To evaluate potential effects of boron exposure through drinking water on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS In a mother-child cohort in northern Argentina (n=194), 1-3 samples of serum, whole blood and urine were collected per woman during pregnancy and analyzed for boron and other elements to which exposure occurred, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Infant weight, length and head circumference were measured at birth. RESULTS Drinking water boron ranged 377-10,929μg/L. The serum boron concentrations during pregnancy ranged 0.73-605μg/L (median 133μg/L) and correlated strongly with whole-blood and urinary boron, and, to a lesser extent, with water boron. In multivariable-adjusted linear spline regression analysis (non-linear association), we found that serum boron concentrations above 80μg/L were inversely associated with birth length (B-0.69cm, 95% CI -1.4; -0.024, p=0.043, per 100μg/L increase in serum boron). The impact of boron appeared stronger when we restricted the exposure to the third trimester, when the serum boron concentrations were the highest (0.73-447μg/L). An increase in serum boron of 100μg/L in the third trimester corresponded to 0.9cm shorter and 120g lighter newborns (p=0.001 and 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Considering that elevated boron concentrations in drinking water are common in many areas of the world, although more screening is warranted, our novel findings warrant additional research on early-life exposure in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annachiara Malin Igra
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florencia Harari
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Esperanza Casimiro
- Atención Primaria de la Salud, Área Operativa XXIX, Hospital Dr. Nicolás Cayetano Pagano, San Antonio de los Cobres, 4411, Salta, Argentina
| | - Marie Vahter
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Farfán-García ED, Castillo-Mendieta NT, Ciprés-Flores FJ, Padilla-Martínez II, Trujillo-Ferrara JG, Soriano-Ursúa MA. Current data regarding the structure-toxicity relationship of boron-containing compounds. Toxicol Lett 2016; 258:115-125. [PMID: 27329537 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron is ubiquitous in nature, being an essential element of diverse cells. As a result, humans have had contact with boron containing compounds (BCCs) for a long time. During the 20th century, BCCs were developed as antiseptics, antibiotics, cosmetics and insecticides. Boric acid was freely used in the nosocomial environment as an antiseptic and sedative salt, leading to the death of patients and an important discovery about its critical toxicology for humans. Since then the many toxicological studies done in relation to BCCs have helped to establish the proper limits of their use. During the last 15 years, there has been a boom of research on the design and use of new, potent and efficient boron containing drugs, finding that the addition of boron to some known drugs increases their affinity and selectivity. This mini-review summarizes two aspects of BCCs: toxicological data found with experimental models, and the scarce but increasing data about the structure-activity relationship for toxicity and therapeutic use. As is the case with boron-free compounds, the biological activity of BCCs is related to their chemical structure. We discuss the use of new technology to discover potent and efficient BCCs for medicinal therapy by avoiding toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Farfán-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, México City, México; Departamento de Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, México City, México
| | - N T Castillo-Mendieta
- Departamento de Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, México City, México
| | - F J Ciprés-Flores
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, México City, México; Departamento de Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, México City, México
| | - I I Padilla-Martínez
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Acueducto s/n, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340, México
| | - J G Trujillo-Ferrara
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, México City, México
| | - M A Soriano-Ursúa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340, México City, México.
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26
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Gabrielsen JS, Tanrikut C. Chronic exposures and male fertility: the impacts of environment, diet, and drug use on spermatogenesis. Andrology 2016; 4:648-61. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Gabrielsen
- Department of Urology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - C. Tanrikut
- Department of Urology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
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27
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Nistor PA, May PW, Tamagnini F, Randall AD, Caldwell MA. Long-term culture of pluripotent stem-cell-derived human neurons on diamond – A substrate for neurodegeneration research and therapy. Biomaterials 2015; 61:139-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Maier A, Vincent M, Hack E, Nance P, Ball W. Derivation of an occupational exposure limit for inorganic borates using a weight of evidence approach. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 68:424-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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29
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Mercado-Borrayo B, Schouwenaars R, Litter M, Ramirez-Zamora R. Adsorption of Boron by Metallurgical Slag and Iron Nanoparticles. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1260/0263-6174.32.2-3.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B.M. Mercado-Borrayo
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Coordinación de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán 04510, DF, Mexico
| | - R. Schouwenaars
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Materiales y Manufactura, DIMEI, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, DF, Mexico
| | - M.I. Litter
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, 1650, Argentina
| | - R.M. Ramirez-Zamora
- Instituto de Ingeniería, Coordinación de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán 04510, DF, Mexico
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30
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Appel PWU, Na-Oy LD. Mercury-Free Gold Extraction Using Borax for Small-Scale Gold Miners. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/jep.2014.56052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Safety assessment of boron by application of new uncertainty factors and their subdivision. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 65:108-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
A combination of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors contributes to adverse effects on the reproductive health in men. Metals are pervasive in food, water, air, tobacco smoke, and alcoholic beverages. Experimental studies suggest that many metals have adverse effects on the male reproductive function. However, information about reproductive effects of human exposure to metals is scarce and/or inconsistent. This review summarises the information from epidemiological studies of the effects of metal exposure on reproductive function in men. Factors capable of affecting these relationships were identified and discussed. A particular attention is given to the studies considering influence of concomitant exposure to various metals. These studies have generally confirmed that even moderate- to low-level exposure to lead affects certain reproductive parameters, and that exposure to cadmium affects the prostate function and serum testosterone levels. Adverse effects of mercury, manganese, chromium and arsenic on semen quality and altered serum hormone are less well documented. There is no clear evidence that boron exposure may impair reproductive health in men. Only a few studies have investigated reproductive effects of concomitant exposure to several metals and controlled for potential confounders. Future studies should consider the contribution of combined exposure to various metals and/or other factors that may influence individual susceptibility to reproductive health impairment in men.
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Başaran N, Duydu Y, Bolt HM. Reproductive toxicity in boron exposed workers in Bandirma, Turkey. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2012; 26:165-7. [PMID: 22575543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Boric acid and sodium borates have been considered as being "toxic to reproduction and development", following results of animal studies with high doses. However unfavorable effects of boron exposure on reproduction and development have not been proved in epidemiological studies so far. The aim of the present study was to investigate the reproductive toxicity indicators in highly exposed workers employed in a boric acid production plant in Bandırma, Turkey. Two hundred and four workers participated in this study. The mean blood boron concentration of the high exposure group of workers was 223.89 ± 69.49 (152.82-454.02)ng/g. Unfavorable effects of boron exposure on the reproductive toxicity indicators were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurşen Başaran
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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34
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Duydu Y, Başaran N, Bolt HM. Exposure assessment of boron in Bandırma boric acid production plant. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2012; 26:161-4. [PMID: 22658716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Boric acid and sodium borates have been considered as being "toxic to reproduction and development", following results of animal studies with high doses. Experimentally, a NOAEL of 17.5mg B/kg-bw/day (corresponds to ∼2020 ng boron/g blood) has been identified for the (male) reproductive effects of boron in a multigenerational study of rats, and a NOAEL for the developmental effects in rats was identified at 9.6 mg B/kg-bw/day (corresponds to 1270 ng boron/g blood). These values are being taken as the basis of current EU safety assessments. The present study was conducted to assess the boron exposure under extreme exposure conditions in a boric acid production plant located in Bandırma, Turkey. The mean blood boron concentrations of low and high exposure groups were 72.94 ± 15.43 (48.46-99.91) and 223.89 ± 60.49 (152.82-454.02)ng/g respectively. The mean blood boron concentration of the high exposure group is still ≈ 6 times lower than the highest no effect level of boron in blood with regard to the developmental effects in rats and ≈ 9 times lower than the highest no effect level of boron in blood with regard to the reprotoxic effects in male rats. In this context, boric acid and sodium borates should not be considered as toxic to reproduction for humans in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalçin Duydu
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, 06100 Tandoğan, Ankara, Turkey.
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36
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McCauley LA. Research to practice in occupational health nursing. Workplace Health Saf 2012; 60:183-9; quiz 190. [PMID: 22432784 DOI: 10.1177/216507991206000407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Occupational health nursing research has gained a significant place in national and international nursing programs and has advanced occupational health nurses' understanding of the most effective ways to prevent occupational illness and injury, provide access to quality care for workers, and manage occupational injuries and return to work. This article describes the history of nursing research in general and highlights the current national shortages that must be addressed to ensure that nurses continue to impact the field. Occupational health nursing priorities are described and examples are given of nurse scientists who have established the foundation of occupational health nursing research and who illustrate varied expertise and the interdisciplinary context in which the work is conducted.
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Bolt HM, Başaran N, Duydu Y. Human environmental and occupational exposures to boric acid: reconciliation with experimental reproductive toxicity data. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2012; 75:508-514. [PMID: 22686310 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2012.675301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive toxicity of boric acid and borates is a matter of current regulatory concern. Based on experimental studies in rats, no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) were found to be 17.5 mg boron (B)/kg body weight (b.w.) for male fertility and 9.6 mg B/kg b.w. for developmental toxicity. Recently, occupational human field studies in highly exposed cohorts were reported from China and Turkey, with both studies showing negative results regarding male reproduction. A comparison of the conditions of these studies with the experimental NOAEL conditions are based on reported B blood levels, which is clearly superior to a scaling according to estimated B exposures. A comparison of estimated daily B exposure levels and measured B blood levels confirms the preference of biomonitoring data for a comparison of human field studies. In general, it appears that high environmental exposures to B are lower than possible high occupational exposures. The comparison reveals no contradiction between human and experimental reproductive toxicity data. It clearly appears that human B exposures, even in the highest exposed cohorts, are too low to reach the blood (and target tissue) concentrations that would be required to exert adverse effects on reproductive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann M Bolt
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany.
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38
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Cortes S, Reynaga-Delgado E, Sancha AM, Ferreccio C. Boron exposure assessment using drinking water and urine in the North of Chile. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2011; 410-411:96-101. [PMID: 21978616 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Boron is an essential trace element for plants and humans however it is still an open question what levels of boron are actually safe for humans. This study, conducted between 2006 and 2010, measured exposure levels of boron in drinking water and urine of volunteers in Arica, an area in the North of Chile with high levels of naturally occurring boron. Samples were taken of tap and bottled water (173 and 22, respectively), as well as urine from 22 volunteers, and subsequently analyzed by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Boron varied in public tap water from 0.22 to 11.3mgL(-1), with a median value of 2.9mgL(-1), while concentrations of boron in bottled water varied from 0.01 to 12.2mgL(-1). Neither tap nor bottled water samples had concentrations of boron within WHO recommended limits. The concentration of boron in urine varied between 0.45 and 17.4mgL(-1), with a median of 4.28mgL(-1) and was found to be correlated with tap water sampled from the homes of the volunteers (r=0.64). Authors highly recommend that in northern Chile - where levels of boron are naturally high - that the tap and bottled water supplies be monitored in order to protect public health and that regulatory standards also be established for boron in drinking water in order to limit exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cortes
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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39
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Assessment of DNA integrity (COMET assay) in sperm cells of boron-exposed workers. Arch Toxicol 2011; 86:27-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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40
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Duydu Y, Başaran N, Üstündağ A, Aydın S, Ündeğer Ü, Ataman OY, Aydos K, Düker Y, Ickstadt K, Waltrup BS, Golka K, Bolt HM. Reproductive toxicity parameters and biological monitoring in occupationally and environmentally boron-exposed persons in Bandırma, Turkey. Arch Toxicol 2011; 85:589-600. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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