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Yang M, Tian F, Tao S, Xia M, Wang Y, Hu J, Pan B, Li Z, Peng R, Kan H, Xu Y, Li W. Concentrated ambient fine particles exposure affects ovarian follicle development in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113178. [PMID: 35026587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient fine particles (PM2.5) are known to cause various reproductive and developmental diseases. However, the potential mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure induced female reproductive damage remain unclear. METHODS Four weeks old female C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to filtered air (FA, n = 10) or concentrated ambient PM2.5 (CAP, n = 10) using a versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system. After 9 weeks of the exposure, mice were sacrificed under sevoflurane anesthesia and tissue samples were collected. Immunohistochemical analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and RNA-sequencing were performed to analyze the effects of PM2.5 exposure on follicle development and elucidate its potential mechanisms. RESULTS Chronic PM2.5 exposure resulted in follicular dysplasia. Compared to the FA-exposed group, follicular atresia in the CAP-exposed mice were significantly increased. Further studies confirmed that CAP induced apoptosis in granulosa cells, accompanied by a distortion of hormone homeostasis. In addition, RNA-sequencing data demonstrated that CAP exposure induced the alteration of ovarian gene expressions and was associated with inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS Chronic exposure to CAP can induce follicular atresia, which was associated with hormone modulation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Health Commission (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Health Commission (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shimin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Health Commission (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Minjie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Health Commission (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Health Commission (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Health Commission (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhouzhou Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renzhen Peng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Weihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of National Health Commission (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Fatemi Abhari SM, Khanbabaei R, Hayati Roodbari N, Parivar K, Yaghmaei P. Curcumin-loaded super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle affects on apoptotic factors expression and histological changes in a prepubertal mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome-induced by dehydroepiandrosterone - A molecular and stereological study. Life Sci 2020; 249:117515. [PMID: 32147428 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the effects of curcumin-loaded super-paramagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) (SPIONs) on histological parameters and apoptosis-inducing factors (AIFs) in an experimental mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total number of 40 female prepuberal BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 was selected as control and Group 2 was considered as a vehicle taking sesame oil, in the form of a curcumin carrier. Moreover, Group 3 was administered with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) at 6 mg/100 g of the body weight and Group 4 received the DHEA plus the NPs of curcumin (5.4 mg/100 g) for twenty consecutive days. Finally, histology, stereology, and apoptosis of the ovary were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS The results revealed that the NPs of curcumin had reduced ovarian volume (p < 0.05) and a total number of primary, secondary, antral, and primordial follicles in comparison with the PCOS and vehicle groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, curcumin treatment following administration of the DHEA resulted in a significant decrease in BAX (p < 0.001) and levels of expression of Caspase3 (CASP3) protein, increased levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) expression (p < 0.05), and moderated apoptosis in granulosa cells in comparison with the ones seen in the PCOS group. SIGNIFICANCE Ovarian injuries and DHEA-induced apoptosis were efficiently suppressed by curcumin, indicating the probable protective property of NPs of curcumin against PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramzan Khanbabaei
- Department of Biology, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran.
| | - Nasim Hayati Roodbari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Parivar
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Azami SH, Nazarian H, Abdollahifar MA, Eini F, Farsani MA, Novin MG. The antioxidant curcumin postpones ovarian aging in young and middle-aged mice. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:292-303. [PMID: 31656219 DOI: 10.1071/rd18472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive senescence is accompanied by a reduced number and quality of ovarian follicles in response to the accumulation of free radicals and the process of apoptosis. Having selected mice as models, we examined the hypothesis that curcumin as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent might prevent or retard ovarian aging. Female NMRI 21-day-old mice were divided into control, vehicle and curcumin groups. In the treatment group the mice received curcumin at 100mgkg-1day-1 intraperitoneally. After 6, 12 and 33 weeks several parameters were examined including ovarian reserve, oocyte quality, oxidative status, invitro fertilisation and expression of ovulation-related (growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15)) and anti-aging-related (sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1) and SIRT-3) genes. Curcumin treatment up to 12 and 33 weeks resulted in increased ovarian volume and number of follicles and was associated with elevated anti-Müllerian hormone and oestrogen and diminished FSH serum levels. Furthermore, enhanced oocyte maturation, fertilisation and embryo development plus reduced oxidative stress were seen in the curcumin group. Also, the expression of GDF-9, BMP-15, SIRT-1 and SIRT-3 genes was increased in the curcumin group. Concerning gestational age, the findings of the study suggested that administration of curcumin could delay the process of oocyte aging in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Hasani Azami
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Postal code: 1985717443
| | - Hamid Nazarian
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Postal code: 1985717443
| | - Mohammad Amin Abdollahifar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Postal code: 1985717443
| | - Fatemeh Eini
- Fertility and Infertility Research Centre, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. Postal code: 7919915519; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
| | - Mehdi Allahbakhshian Farsani
- Laboratory Haematology and Blood Bank Department, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Postal code: 1971653313
| | - Marefat Ghaffari Novin
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Postal code: 1985717443; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
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Liu X, Craig ZR. Environmentally relevant exposure to dibutyl phthalate disrupts DNA damage repair gene expression in the mouse ovary†. Biol Reprod 2019; 101:854-867. [PMID: 31318015 PMCID: PMC6930367 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalates have a history of reproductive toxicity in animal models and associations with adverse reproductive outcomes in women. Human exposure to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) occurs via consumer products (7-10 μg/kg/day) and medications (1-233 μg/kg/day). Most DBP toxicity studies have focused on high supraphysiological exposure levels; thus, very little is known about exposures occurring at environmentally relevant levels. CD-1 female mice (80 days old) were treated with tocopherol-stripped corn oil (vehicle control) or DBP dissolved in oil at environmentally relevant (10 and 100 μg/kg/day) or higher (1000 μg/kg/day) levels for 30 days to evaluate effects on DNA damage response (DDR) pathway genes and folliculogenesis. DBP exposure caused dose-dependent effects on folliculogenesis and gene expression. Specifically, animals exposed to the high dose of DBP had more atretic follicles in their ovaries, while in those treated with environmentally relevant doses, follicle numbers were no different from vehicle-treated controls. DBP exposure significantly reduced the expression of DDR genes including those involved in homologous recombination (Atm, Brca1, Mre11a, Rad50), mismatch repair (Msh3, Msh6), and nucleotide excision repair (Xpc, Pcna) in a dose-specific manner. Interestingly, staining for the DNA damage marker, γH2AX, was similar between treatments. DBP exposure did not result in differential DNA methylation in the Brca1 promoter but significantly reduced transcript levels for the maintenance DNA methyltransferase, Dnmt1, in the ovary. Collectively, these findings show that oral exposure to environmentally relevant levels of DBP for 30 days does not significantly impact folliculogenesis in adult mice but leads to aberrant ovarian expression of DDR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Liu
- School of Animal & Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Zelieann R Craig
- School of Animal & Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Li N, Wang J, Wang X, Sun J, Li Z. Icariin exerts a protective effect against d-galactose induced premature ovarian failure via promoting DNA damage repair. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109218. [PMID: 31330441 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Icariin is one of the most common active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, while its function against Premature ovarian failure (POF) has not been explored. POF animal model was induced by d-galactose, and icariin at different doses was administered. Ovarian structure and follicle counting were observed via hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of serum hormones were measured by ELISA. Primary ovarian granulosa cells were cultured to compare the protective effects of icariin on cell aging, and DNA damage markers including γH2AX and 53BP1 were assessed by Western Blot. Administration of icariin promoted ovary/body weight, follicles numbers and fertility outcomes. In addition, icariin downregulated the levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and upregulated the levels of estradiol and anti-Müllerian hormone. Icariin protected ovarian granulosa cells from d-galactose induced aging, with increased cell viability and lower endogenous β-galactosidase activity. The alterations of expression level of γH2AX and 53BP1 by icariin indicated that the protection is via promoting DNA damage repair. In this study we tested the biological function of icariin against the d-galactose induced POF. Our results demonstrated that icariin effectively attenuated ovarian injury via promoting DNA damage repair, suggesting that icariin can be developed as a protective agent against POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Jianan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Zenghui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
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Yan Z, Dai Y, Fu H, Zheng Y, Bao D, Yin Y, Chen Q, Nie X, Hao Q, Hou D, Cui Y. Curcumin exerts a protective effect against premature ovarian failure in mice. J Mol Endocrinol 2018; 60:261-271. [PMID: 29437881 PMCID: PMC5863768 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of curcumin against d-galactose (d-gal)-induced premature ovarian failure (POF) in mice. A mouse POF model was induced by subcutaneous injection of d-gal (200 mg/kg/day) daily for 42 days. Mice in the curcumin group received both d-gal treatment and intraperitoneal injection of curcumin (100 mg/kg/day) for 42 days. Ovarian function, oxidative stress and apoptosis were evaluated. The P, E2 and SOD levels were higher, and the FSH, LH and MDA levels were significantly lower in the curcumin group than those in the d-gal group. The proportion of primordial follicles was also significantly higher in the curcumin group than that in the d-gal group. In addition, curcumin treatment after d-gal administration resulted in significantly lower Sod2, Cat, 8-OhdG, 4-HNE, NTY and senescence-associated protein P16 expression levels, higher Amh expression levels and less apoptosis in granulosa cells than was observed in the d-gal group. Moreover, the p-Akt, Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression levels were significantly higher and the apoptosis-related cleaved caspase-3 and -9 protein expression levels were markedly lower in the curcumin group than in the d-gal group. In conclusion, curcumin effectively inhibited d-gal-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and ovarian injury via a mechanism involving the Nrf2/HO-1 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, suggesting that curcumin is a potential protective agent against POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Yan
- College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineCenter of Clinical Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Youjin Dai
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal ResearchAnimal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Heling Fu
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal ResearchAnimal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal ResearchAnimal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Bao
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal ResearchAnimal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal ResearchAnimal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal ResearchAnimal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Department of Reproductive MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingting Hao
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal ResearchAnimal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Daorong Hou
- Key Laboratory of the Model Animal ResearchAnimal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yugui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineCenter of Clinical Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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7
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Gore AC, Chappell VA, Fenton SE, Flaws JA, Nadal A, Prins GS, Toppari J, Zoeller RT. EDC-2: The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Endocr Rev 2015; 36:E1-E150. [PMID: 26544531 PMCID: PMC4702494 DOI: 10.1210/er.2015-1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1244] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Endocrine Society's first Scientific Statement in 2009 provided a wake-up call to the scientific community about how environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) affect health and disease. Five years later, a substantially larger body of literature has solidified our understanding of plausible mechanisms underlying EDC actions and how exposures in animals and humans-especially during development-may lay the foundations for disease later in life. At this point in history, we have much stronger knowledge about how EDCs alter gene-environment interactions via physiological, cellular, molecular, and epigenetic changes, thereby producing effects in exposed individuals as well as their descendants. Causal links between exposure and manifestation of disease are substantiated by experimental animal models and are consistent with correlative epidemiological data in humans. There are several caveats because differences in how experimental animal work is conducted can lead to difficulties in drawing broad conclusions, and we must continue to be cautious about inferring causality in humans. In this second Scientific Statement, we reviewed the literature on a subset of topics for which the translational evidence is strongest: 1) obesity and diabetes; 2) female reproduction; 3) male reproduction; 4) hormone-sensitive cancers in females; 5) prostate; 6) thyroid; and 7) neurodevelopment and neuroendocrine systems. Our inclusion criteria for studies were those conducted predominantly in the past 5 years deemed to be of high quality based on appropriate negative and positive control groups or populations, adequate sample size and experimental design, and mammalian animal studies with exposure levels in a range that was relevant to humans. We also focused on studies using the developmental origins of health and disease model. No report was excluded based on a positive or negative effect of the EDC exposure. The bulk of the results across the board strengthen the evidence for endocrine health-related actions of EDCs. Based on this much more complete understanding of the endocrine principles by which EDCs act, including nonmonotonic dose-responses, low-dose effects, and developmental vulnerability, these findings can be much better translated to human health. Armed with this information, researchers, physicians, and other healthcare providers can guide regulators and policymakers as they make responsible decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Gore
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - V A Chappell
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - S E Fenton
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - J A Flaws
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - A Nadal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - G S Prins
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - J Toppari
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - R T Zoeller
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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8
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Harvey CN, Chen JC, Bagnell CA, Uzumcu M. Methoxychlor and its metabolite HPTE inhibit cAMP production and expression of estrogen receptors α and β in the rat granulosa cell in vitro. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 51:72-8. [PMID: 25549949 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The major metabolite of the estrogenic pesticide methoxychlor (MXC) HPTE is a stronger ESR1 agonist than MXC and acts also as an ESR2 antagonist. In granulosa cells (GCs), FSH stimulates estradiol via the second messenger cAMP. HPTE inhibits estradiol biosynthesis, and this effect is greater in FSH-treated GCs than in cAMP-treated GCs. Therefore; we examined the effect of MXC/HPTE on FSH-stimulated cAMP production in cultured GCs. To test involvement of ESR-signaling, we used the ESR1 and ESR2 antagonist ICI 182,780, ESR2 selective antagonist PHTPP, and ESR2 selective agonist DPN. ESR1 and ESR2 mRNA and protein levels were quantified. Both HPTE and MXC inhibited the FSH-induced cAMP production. ICI 182,780 and PHTPP mimicked the inhibitory action of HPTE. MXC/HPTE reduced FSH-stimulated Esr2 mRNA and protein to basal levels. MXC/HPTE also inhibited FSH-stimulated Esr1. The greater inhibition on FSH-stimulated GCs is likely due to reduced cAMP level that involves ESR-signaling, through ESR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig N Harvey
- Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Joseph C Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Carol A Bagnell
- Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Mehmet Uzumcu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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9
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Abstract
BH3-only proteins are pro-apoptotic members of the BCL2 family that play pivotal roles in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis and immunity by triggering cell death through the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that BH3-only proteins are also essential mediators of apoptosis within the ovary and are responsible for the initiation of the cell death signalling cascade in a cell type and stimulus-specific fashion. This review gives a brief overview of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway and summarise the roles of individual BH3-only proteins in the promotion of apoptosis in embryonic germ cells, oocytes, follicular granulosa cells and luteal cells. The role of these proteins in activating apoptosis in response to developmental cues and cell stressors, such as exposure to chemotherapy, radiation and environmental toxicants, is described. Studies on the function of BH3-only proteins in the ovary are providing valuable insights into the regulation of oocyte number and quality, as well as ovarian endocrine function, which collectively influence the female reproductive lifespan and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla J Hutt
- MIMR-PHIClayton, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia MIMR-PHIClayton, Victoria, AustraliaDepartment of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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10
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Craig ZR, Singh J, Gupta RK, Flaws JA. Co-treatment of mouse antral follicles with 17β-estradiol interferes with mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP)-induced atresia and altered apoptosis gene expression. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 45:45-51. [PMID: 24412242 PMCID: PMC4028413 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mono-2-ethyhexyl phthalate (MEHP) is a metabolite of a plasticizer found in many consumer products. MEHP inhibits mouse ovarian follicle growth by reducing 17β-estradiol (E2) production. Yet, whether MEHP causes follicle death (atresia) is unclear. We hypothesized that MEHP causes atresia by altering apoptosis gene expression, and that E2 co-treatment blocks these effects. Follicles were exposed to MEHP (0.36-36μM)±E2 for 48-96h to determine the effect of MEHP±E2 on atresia and gene expression. MEHP increased atresia, but this effect was blocked by co-treatment with E2. MEHP increased the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Aifm1, but decreased that of the pro-apoptotic gene Bok and the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2l10. E2 interfered with MEHP-induced changes in Aifm1 and Bcl2l10. Our findings suggest that decreased E2 levels are required for MEHP-induced follicle atresia and that Aifm1, Bok, and Bcl2l10 are involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelieann R Craig
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, 2001 S. Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802, United States.
| | - Jeffrey Singh
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, 2001 S. Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802, United States.
| | - Rupesh K Gupta
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, 2001 S. Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802, United States.
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, 2001 S. Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802, United States.
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11
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Craig ZR, Hannon PR, Wang W, Ziv-Gal A, Flaws JA. Di-n-butyl phthalate disrupts the expression of genes involved in cell cycle and apoptotic pathways in mouse ovarian antral follicles. Biol Reprod 2013; 88:23. [PMID: 23242528 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.105122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is present in many consumer products, such as infant, beauty, and medical products. Several studies have shown that DBP causes reproductive toxicity in rodents, but no studies have evaluated its effects on ovarian follicles. Therefore, we used a follicle culture system to evaluate the effects of DBP on antral follicle growth, cell cycle and apoptosis gene expression, cell cycle staging, atresia, and 17β-estradiol (E(2)) production. Antral follicles were isolated from adult CD-1 mice and exposed to DBP at 1, 10, 100, and 1000 μg/ml for 24 or 168 h. Follicles treated with vehicle or DBP at 1-100 μg/ml grew over time, but DBP at 1000 μg/ml significantly suppressed follicle growth. Regardless of effect on follicle growth, DBP-treated follicles had decreased mRNA for cyclins D2, E1, A2, and B1 and increased p21. Levels of the proapoptotic genes Bax, Bad, and Bok were not altered by DBP treatment, but DBP 1000 μg/ml increased levels of Bid and decreased levels of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2. DBP-treated follicles contained significantly more cells in G(1) phase, significantly less cells in S, and exhibited a trend for fewer cells in G(2). Although DBP did not affect E(2) production and atresia at 24 h, follicles treated with DBP had reduced levels of E(2) at 96 h and underwent atresia at 168 h. These data suggest that DBP targets antral follicles and alters the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis factors, causes cell cycle arrest, decreases E(2), and triggers atresia, depending on dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelieann R Craig
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
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12
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Karman BN, Basavarajappa MS, Hannon P, Flaws JA. Dioxin exposure reduces the steroidogenic capacity of mouse antral follicles mainly at the level of HSD17B1 without altering atresia. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 264:1-12. [PMID: 22889882 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a potent ovarian toxicant. Previously, we demonstrated that in vitro TCDD (1nM) exposure decreases production/secretion of the sex steroid hormones progesterone (P4), androstenedione (A4), testosterone (T), and 17β-estradiol (E2) in mouse antral follicles. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism by which TCDD inhibits steroidogenesis. Specifically, we examined the effects of TCDD on the steroidogenic enzymes, atresia, and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) protein. TCDD exposure for 48h increased levels of A4, without changing HSD3B1 protein, HSD17B1 protein, estrone (E1), T or E2 levels. Further, TCDD did not alter atresia ratings compared to vehicle at 48h. TCDD, however, did down regulate the AHR protein at 48h. TCDD exposure for 96h decreased transcript levels for Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, Hsd17b1, and Cyp19a1, but increased Hsd3b1 transcript. TCDD exposure particularly lowered both Hsd17b1 transcript and HSD17B1 protein. However, TCDD exposure did not affect levels of E1 in the media nor atresia ratings at 96h. TCDD, however, decreased levels of the proapoptotic factor Bax. Collectively, these data suggest that TCDD exposure causes a major block in the steroidogenic enzyme conversion of A4 to T and E1 to E2 and that it regulates apoptotic pathways, favoring survival over death in antral follicles. Finally, the down-regulation of the AHR protein in TCDD exposed follicles persisted at 96h, indicating that the activation and proteasomal degradation of this receptor likely plays a central role in the impaired steroidogenic capacity and altered apoptotic pathway of exposed antral follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany N Karman
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
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