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Ge Y, Liu Y, Ji B, Fang Y, Xie Y, Sakurai R, Wang J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Wang X, Rehan VK. Evidence for Wnt signaling's central involvement in perinatal nicotine exposure-induced offspring lung pathology and its modulation by electroacupuncture. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115824. [PMID: 37925937 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many factors during pregnancy can induce intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), resulting in various adverse perinatal outcomes such as low birth weight and multiple organ disorders. Among these factors, prenatal smoke/nicotine exposure is a common cause of IUGR, often associated with altered fetal lung development. The classical Wnt signaling pathway plays a vital role in lung development, and its alterations are commonly associated with developmental lung pathologies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether electroacupuncture (EA) at "Zusanli" (ST 36) points protects perinatal nicotine exposure (PNE)-induced offspring lung dysplasia through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and to identify specific Wnt signaling pathway targets of EA. METHODS Following a well-established protocol, nicotine (1 mg/kg/ body weight) was administered subcutaneously to pregnant Sprague Dawley rat dams from gestational day 6 to postnatal day 21. In the EA group, dams were treated with EA at both ST 36 acupoints, while in another experimental group, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway agonist was injected subcutaneously (2 mg/kg/ body weight). Offspring body weight (PND 1, 7, 14, and 21), lung weight, Wnt signaling markers, pulmonary function, and lung morphology were determined at sacrifice on PND 21. Specifically, Western blotting and Real-time PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA levels of critical Wnt signaling markers Wnt2, Wnt7b, FZD4, FZD7, LRP5, and LRP6 in the offspring lung. The protein levels of β-catenin in lung tissue of offspring rats were detected by ELISA that of LEF-1 by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared to the control group, the body and lung weights of the offspring rats were significantly decreased in the nicotine-only exposed group. The pulmonary function determined as FVC, PEF, TV, and Cdyn was also significantly decreased, while PIF was significantly increased. The protein levels and mRNA expression of Wnt2, Wnt7b, FZD4, FZD7, LRP5, and LRP6 in the lung tissue of the PNE offspring rats were significantly increased. With EA administration at ST 36 acupoints concomitant with nicotine administration, the body and lung weights, pulmonary function (FVC, PEF, PIF, TV, and Cdyn), protein and mRNA levels Wnt signaling pathway markers (Wnt2, Wnt7b, FZD4, FZD7, LRP5, LRP6, β-catenin, and LEF-1) normalized and were not different from the control group. Notably, Wnt agonists agonist administration blocked the protective effects of EA against PNE-induced lung morphological, molecular, and function changes, highlighting the central significance of Wnt pathway signaling in PNE-induced offspring pulmonary pathology and its modulation by EA at ST 36 acupoints. CONCLUSION Concomitant maternal EA at ST 36 acupoints from gestational day 6 to PND 21 protects against offspring PNE-induced lung phenotype. The protective effect is achieved by regulating the expression of Wnt ligand proteins (Wnt2 and Wnt7b) and receptor proteins (FZD4, FZD7, LRP5, and LRP6) upstream of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway intermediates β-catenin, and LEF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Ge
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Yitian Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Bo Ji
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Yang Fang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yana Xie
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Reiko Sakurai
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90502, USA
| | - Jiajia Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ziyue Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Virender K Rehan
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90502, USA
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Hassan NH, El-Wafaey DI. Histopathological Scoring System Role in Evaluation of Electronic Cigarette’s Impact on Respiratory Pathway in Albino Rat: Biochemical, Histo-morphometric and Ultrastructural Study. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101945. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang Z, Chen H, Yu P, Ge C, Fang M, Zhao X, Geng Q, Wang H. Inducible factors and interaction of pulmonary fibrosis induced by prenatal dexamethasone exposure in offspring rats. Toxicol Lett 2022; 359:65-72. [PMID: 35143883 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the correlation between prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) and susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis in offspring. Healthy female Wistar rats were given dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg.d) or an equal volume of normal saline subcutaneously from 9 to 20 days after conception. Some of their female offspring underwent ovariectomy (OV) at 22 weeks after birth. All animals were euthanized at 28 weeks after birth. The morphological changes related to pulmonary fibrosis and extracellular matrix-related gene expression were detected, and Two-way ANOVA analyzed the interaction between PDE and OV. The results showed that adult offspring rats in FD group (female rats with PDE treatment) had early pulmonary fibrosis changes, such as pulmonary interstitial thickening, and increased expression of type IV collagen (COL4), α -smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN) in lung tissues compared with those in FC group (female rats with saline treatment). In addition, adult offspring rats in FDO group (female rats with PDE and OV treatment) showed signs of pulmonary fibrosis, including apparent extracellular matrix deposition, increased lung injury scores (P<0.01, P<0.05), and extracellular matrix related gene expression (P<0.01, P<0.05), compared with rats in FDS (female rats with PDE treatment alone) or rats in FCO group (female rats with OV treatment alone). Moreover, PDE and OV had an interactive effect on the development of pulmonary fibrosis in female adult offspring. This study first reported the correlation between PDE and susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis in female offspring rats, as well as the synergistic effect of PDE and OV in this pathological event, which provided a basis for further understanding of the pathogenesis of fetal originated pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Huijun Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Pengxia Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Caiyun Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Man Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, 185 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Pinson MR, Chung DD, Adams AM, Scopice C, Payne EA, Sivakumar M, Miranda RC. Extracellular Vesicles in Premature Aging and Diseases in Adulthood Due to Developmental Exposures. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1516-1535. [PMID: 34527425 PMCID: PMC8407878 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) is a paradigm that links prenatal and early life exposures that occur during crucial periods of development to health outcome and risk of disease later in life. Maternal exposures to stress, some psychoactive drugs and alcohol, and environmental chemicals, among others, may result in functional changes in developing fetal tissues, creating a predisposition for disease in the individual as they age. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be mediators of both the immediate effects of exposure during development and early childhood as well as the long-term consequences of exposure that lead to increased risk and disease severity later in life. Given the prevalence of diseases with developmental origins, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, osteoporosis, metabolic dysfunction, and cancer, it is important to identify persistent mediators of disease risk. In this review, we take this approach, viewing diseases typically associated with aging in light of early life exposures and discuss the potential role of EVs as mediators of lasting consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa R Pinson
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Dae D Chung
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Amy M Adams
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Chiara Scopice
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Payne
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Monisha Sivakumar
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Rajesh C Miranda
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
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Jaimes EA, Zhou MS, Siddiqui M, Rezonzew G, Tian R, Seshan SV, Muwonge AN, Wong NJ, Azeloglu EU, Fornoni A, Merscher S, Raij L. Nicotine, smoking, podocytes, and diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F442-F453. [PMID: 33459165 PMCID: PMC7988804 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00194.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. Besides glycemic and blood pressure control, environmental factors such as cigarette smoking (CS) adversely affect the progression of DN. The effects of CS on DN progression have been attributed to combustion-generated molecules without consideration to the role of nicotine (NIC), responsible for the addictive properties of both CS and electronic cigarettes (ECs). Podocytes are essential to preserve the structure and function of the glomerular filtration barrier, and strong evidence indicates that early podocyte loss promotes DN progression. We performed experiments in human podocytes and in a mouse model of diabetes that develops nephropathy resembling human DN. We determined that NIC binding to podocytes in concentrations achieved with CS and ECs activated NADPH oxidase, which sets in motion a dysfunctional molecular network integrated by cyclooxygenase 2, known to induce podocyte injury; downregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase, important for maintaining cellular energy stores and antioxidation; and upregulation of CD36, which increased lipid uptake and promoted apoptosis. In diabetic mice, NIC increased proteinuria, a recognized marker of chronic kidney disease progression, accompanied by reduced glomerular podocyte synaptopodin, a crucial stabilizer of the podocyte cytoskeleton, and increased fibronectin expression. This novel study critically implicates NIC itself as a contributor to DN progression in CS and EC users.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we demonstrate that nicotine increases the production of reactive oxygen species, increases cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and upregulates Cd36 while inducing downregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase. In vivo nicotine increases proteinuria and fibronectin expression in diabetic mice. This study demonstrates that effects of nicotine on podocytes are responsible, at least in part, for the deleterious effects of smoking in the progression of chronic kidney disease, including diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar A Jaimes
- Renal Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ming-Sheng Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mohammed Siddiqui
- Renal Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Gabriel Rezonzew
- Renal Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Runxia Tian
- Nephrology Section, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida
| | - Surya V Seshan
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Alecia N Muwonge
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Nicholas J Wong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Evren U Azeloglu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Leopoldo Raij
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Neptune ER, McGrath-Morrow S. Past as Prologue: Vaping Effects on the Developing Lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:719-720. [PMID: 32946273 PMCID: PMC7790143 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0386ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enid R Neptune
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland and
| | - Sharon McGrath-Morrow
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Jamshed L, Perono GA, Jamshed S, Holloway AC. Early Life Exposure to Nicotine: Postnatal Metabolic, Neurobehavioral and Respiratory Outcomes and the Development of Childhood Cancers. Toxicol Sci 2020; 178:3-15. [PMID: 32766841 PMCID: PMC7850035 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with numerous obstetrical, fetal, and developmental complications, as well as an increased risk of adverse health consequences in the adult offspring. Nicotine replacement therapy and electronic nicotine delivery systems (e-cigarettes) have been developed as a pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and are considered safer alternatives for women to smoke during pregnancy. The safety of nicotine replacement therapy use during pregnancy has been evaluated in a limited number of short-term human trials, but there is currently no information on the long-term effects of developmental nicotine exposure in humans. However, animal studies suggest that nicotine alone may be a key chemical responsible for many of the long-term effects associated with maternal cigarette smoking on the offspring and increases the risk of adverse neurobehavioral outcomes, dysmetabolism, respiratory illness, and cancer. This review will examine the long-term effects of fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure on postnatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiba Jamshed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Genevieve A Perono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Shanza Jamshed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
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Dai J, Ji B, Zhao G, Lu Y, Liu Y, Mou Q, Sakurai R, Xie Y, Zhang Q, Xu S, Rehan VK. Developmental Timing Determines the Protective Effect of Maternal Electroacupuncture on Perinatal Nicotine Exposure-Induced Offspring Lung Phenotype. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8030972. [PMID: 32190681 PMCID: PMC7064824 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8030972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. Environmental exposure of the developing offspring to cigarette smoke or nicotine is an important predisposing factor for many chronic respiratory conditions, such as asthma, emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, and so forth, in the exposed offspring. Studies showed that electroacupuncture (EA) applied to maternal "Zusanli" (ST36) acupoints during pregnancy and lactation protects against perinatal nicotine exposure- (PNE-) induced lung damage. However, the most effective time period, that is, prenatal vs. postnatal, to attain this effect has not been determined. OBJECTIVE To determine the most effective developmental timing of EA's protective effect against PNE-induced lung phenotype in the exposed offspring. METHODS Pregnant rats were given (1) saline ("S" group); (2) nicotine ("N" group); (3) nicotine + EA, exclusively prenatally ("Pre-EA" group); (4) nicotine + EA, exclusively postnatally ("Post-EA," group); and (5) nicotine + EA, administered both prenatally and postnatally ("Pre- and Post-EA" group). Nicotine was injected once daily (1 mg/kg, 100 μl) and EA was administered to bilateral ST36 acupoints once daily during the specified time-periods. At the end of the experimental periods, key hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis markers in pups and dams, and lung function, morphometry, and the central molecular markers of lung development in the offspring were determined. RESULTS After nicotine exposure, alveolar mean linear intercept (MLI) increased, but mean alveolar number (MAN) decreased and lung PPARγ level decreased, but glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and serum corticosterone (Cort) levels increased, in line with the known PNE-induced lung phenotype. In the nicotine exposed group, maternal hypothalamic corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) level decreased, but pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and serum Cort levels increased. In the "Pre- and Post-EA" groups, PNE-induced alterations in lung morphometry, lung development markers, and HPA axis were blocked. In the "Pre-EA" group, PNE-induced changes in lung morphometry, GR, and maternal HPA axis improved; lung PPARγ level decreased, but glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and serum corticosterone (Cort) levels increased, in line with the known PNE-induced lung phenotype. In the nicotine exposed group, maternal hypothalamic corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) level decreased, but pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and serum Cort levels increased. In the "Pre- and Post-EA" groups, PNE-induced alterations in lung morphometry, lung development markers, and HPA axis were blocked. In the "Pre-EA" group, PNE-induced changes in lung morphometry, GR, and maternal HPA axis improved; lung PPAR. CONCLUSIONS Maternal EA applied to ST36 acupoints during both pre- and postnatal periods preserves offspring lung structure and function despite perinatal exposure to nicotine. EA applied during the "prenatal period" affords only limited benefits, whereas EA applied during the "postnatal period" is ineffective, suggesting that the EA's effects in modulating PNE-induced lung phenotype are limited to specific time-periods during lung development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Dai
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bo Ji
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guozhen Zhao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yawen Lu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yitian Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiujie Mou
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Reiko Sakurai
- Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90502, USA
| | - Yana Xie
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Virender K. Rehan
- Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90502, USA
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Oakes JM, Fuchs RM, Gardner JD, Lazartigues E, Yue X. Nicotine and the renin-angiotensin system. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R895-R906. [PMID: 30088946 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00099.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the single most important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases (CVPD). Although cigarette smoking has been in constant decline since the 1950s, the introduction of e-cigarettes or electronic nicotine delivery systems 10 yr ago has attracted former smokers as well as a new generation of consumers. Nicotine is a highly addictive substance, and it is currently unclear whether e-cigarettes are "safer" than regular cigarettes or whether they have the potential to reverse the health benefits, notably on the cardiopulmonary system, acquired with the decline of tobacco smoking. Of great concern, nicotine inhalation devices are becoming popular among young adults and youths, emphasizing the need for awareness and further study of the potential cardiopulmonary risks of nicotine and associated products. This review focuses on the interaction between nicotine and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), one of the most important regulatory systems on autonomic, cardiovascular, and pulmonary functions in both health and disease. The literature presented in this review strongly suggests that nicotine alters the homeostasis of the RAS by upregulating the detrimental angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin (ANG)-II/ANG II type 1 receptor axis and downregulating the compensatory ACE2/ANG-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis, contributing to the development of CVPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Oakes
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Robert M Fuchs
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jason D Gardner
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Eric Lazartigues
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Xinping Yue
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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Barra NG, VanDuzer TA, Holloway AC, Hardy DB. Maternal Nicotine Exposure Leads to Augmented Expression of the Antioxidant Adipose Tissue Triglyceride Lipase Long-Term in the White Adipose of Female Rat Offspring. Toxicol Sci 2018; 164:72-84. [PMID: 29617909 PMCID: PMC6016717 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, approximately 10%-25% of women smoke during pregnancy. Since nicotine is highly addictive, women may use nicotine-containing products like nicotine replacement therapies for smoking cessation, but the long-term consequences of early life exposure to nicotine remain poorly defined. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that maternal nicotine exposed (MNE) rat offspring exhibit hypertriglyceridemia due to increased hepatic de novo lipogenesis. Hypertriglyceridemia may also be attributed to impaired white adipose tissue (WAT) lipid storage; however, the effects of MNE on WAT are not completely understood. We hypothesize that nicotine-induced alterations in adipose function (eg, lipid storage) underlie dyslipidemia in MNE adults. Female 6-month-old rats exposed to nicotine during gestation and lactation exhibited significantly decreased visceral adipocyte cell area by 40%, attributed, in part, to a 3-fold increase in adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) protein expression compared with vehicle. Given ATGL has antioxidant properties and in utero nicotine exposure promotes oxidative stress in various tissues, we next investigated if there was evidence of increased oxidative stress in MNE WAT. At both 3 weeks and 6 months, MNE offspring expressed 37%-48% higher protein levels of superoxide dismutase-1 and -2 in WAT. Since oxidative stress can induce inflammation, we examined the inflammatory profile of WAT and found increased expression of cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin-6) by 44%-61% at 6 months. Collectively, this suggests that the expression of WAT ATGL may be induced to counter MNE-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. However, higher levels of ATGL would further promote lipolysis in WAT, culminating in impaired lipid storage and long-term dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole G Barra
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Taylor A VanDuzer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Daniel B Hardy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children’s Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario N6C 2V5, Canada
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11
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Yildiz A, Vardi N, Karaaslan MG, Ates B, Taslidere E, Esrefoglu M. The protective effect of melatonin in lungs of newborn rats exposed to maternal nicotine. Biotech Histochem 2018; 93:442-452. [PMID: 29701082 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1453548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated possible healing effects of melatonin (MEL) on biochemical and histological changes in the lungs of rat offspring caused by exposure to nicotine (NT) in utero. Pregnant rats were divided randomly into five groups. The SP group was treated with physiological saline. The EA group was treated with ethyl alcohol. The MEL group was treated with MEL. The NT group was treated with NT. The NT + MEL group was treated with NT and MEL. At the end of the study, the biochemistry and histopathology of lung tissue of the offspring were examined. Reduced alveolar development and increased numbers of alveolar macrophages and mast cells were observed in the NT group compared to the SP, EA and MEL groups. We also found increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased total glutathione (GSH) levels in the NT group. Application of MEL ameliorated the histological and biochemical damage caused by NT. The number of alveoli was greater in the NT + MEL group than in the NT group. Also, the increased numbers of alveolar macrophages and mast cells resulting from exposure to NT were decreased following MEL treatment. We found that MEL caused a significant decrease in the level of MDA. Maternal exposure to NT caused significant structural and biochemical changes in the lungs of the offspring and administration of MEL ameliorated the changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yildiz
- a Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya
| | - N Vardi
- a Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Inonu University , Malatya
| | - M G Karaaslan
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art , Inonu University , Malatya
| | - B Ates
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art , Inonu University , Malatya
| | - E Taslidere
- c Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Bezmialem University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - M Esrefoglu
- c Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Bezmialem University , İstanbul , Turkey
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12
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Barra NG, Lisyansky M, Vanduzer TA, Raha S, Holloway AC, Hardy DB. Maternal nicotine exposure leads to decreased cardiac protein disulfide isomerase and impaired mitochondrial function in male rat offspring. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 37:1517-1526. [PMID: 28681937 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Smoking throughout pregnancy can lead to complications during gestation, parturition and neonatal development. Thus, nicotine replacement therapies are a popular alternative thought to be safer than cigarettes. However, recent studies in rodents suggest that fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure alone results in cardiac dysfunction and high blood pressure. While it is well known that perinatal nicotine exposure causes increased congenital abnormalities, the mechanisms underlying longer-term deficits in cardiac function are not completely understood. Recently, our laboratory demonstrated that nicotine impairs placental protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) triggering an increase in endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading us to hypothesize that this may also occur in the heart. At 3 months of age, nicotine-exposed offspring had 45% decreased PDI levels in the absence of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Given the association of PDI and superoxide dismutase enzymes, we further observed that antioxidant superoxide dismutase-2 levels were reduced by 32% in these offspring concomitant with a 26-49% decrease in mitochondrial complex proteins (I, II, IV and V) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4, a critical matrix metalloprotease for cardiac contractility and health. Collectively, this study suggests that perinatal nicotine exposure decreases PDI, which can promote oxidative damage and mitochondrial damage, associated with a premature decline in cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole G Barra
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Lisyansky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taylor A Vanduzer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel B Hardy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson, Health Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Ateyya H, Nader MA, Attia GM, El-Sherbeeny NA. Influence of alpha-lipoic acid on nicotine-induced lung and liver damage in experimental rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:492-500. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine mediates some of the injurious effects caused by consuming tobacco products. This work aimed at investigating the defensive role of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) with its known antioxidant and antiinflammatory effect in nicotine-induced lung and liver damage. Rats were arranged into 4 groups: control, nicotine, ALA, and ALA–nicotine groups. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status were determined by assessing thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) levels in lung and liver. Liver enzymes and lipid profiles were measured and pulmonary and hepatic damage were assessed by histopathological examination. Also, serum levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) were determined. The results revealed an increase in TBARS in tissues and a reduction in both SOD and GSH activity in the nicotine-treated rats. Nicotine induced high levels of liver enzymes, TGF-β1, VCAM-1, and dyslipidemia with histopathological changes in the lung and liver. ALA administration along with nicotine attenuated oxidative stress and normalized the SOD and GSH levels, ameliorated dyslipidemia, and improved TGF-β1 and VCAM-1 with better histopathology of the lung and liver. The study data revealed that ALA may be beneficial in alleviating nicotine-induced oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and both lung and liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayam Ateyya
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Manar A. Nader
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Ghalia M. Attia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Al Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nagla A. El-Sherbeeny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt
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De Long NE, Barra NG, Hardy DB, Holloway AC. Is it safe to use smoking cessation therapeutics during pregnancy? Expert Opin Drug Saf 2014; 13:1721-31. [PMID: 25330815 DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2014.973846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Worldwide, 10 to 35% of pregnant women smoke. It is clear that smoking cessation has positive impacts for both the mother and child, yet many women are still unable to quit due to the addictive properties of nicotine. There are limited data surrounding their safety and efficacy in pregnancy. AREAS COVERED This review highlights evidence from clinical studies and animal experiments regarding the effects of smoking cessation therapeutics on pregnancy, neonatal and long-term postnatal outcomes. EXPERT OPINION There are insufficient data at this time to recommend the use of varenicline and/or bupropion for smoking cessation during pregnancy. In addition, the efficacy and safety of nicotine replacement therapy use for smoking cessation in pregnant women has not been clearly demonstrated. Until further studies are completed, there will continue to be considerable uncertainty regarding the use of these drugs in pregnancy despite the well-documented benefits of smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E De Long
- McMaster University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , RM HSC-3N52, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1 , Canada +1 905 525 9140 ext. 22130 ; +1 905 524 2911 ;
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Paulo JA. Nicotine alters the proteome of two human pancreatic duct cell lines. JOP : JOURNAL OF THE PANCREAS 2014; 15:465-74. [PMID: 25262714 DOI: 10.6092/1590-8577/2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor of pancreatic disease. Nicotine--a major cigarette tobacco component--can traffic through the circulatory system and may induce fibrosis and metastasis, hallmarks of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, respectively. However, at the biomolecular level, particularly in pancreatic research, the effects of nicotine remain unresolved. METHODS The effects of nicotine on the proteomes of two pancreatic duct cell lines-an immortalized normal cell line (HPNE) and a cancer cell line (PanC1)- were investigated using mass spectrometry-based proteomics. For each cell line, the global proteomes of cells exposed to nicotine for 24 hrs were compared with untreated cells in triplicate using 6-plex tandem mass tag-based isobaric labeling techniques. RESULTS Over 5,000 proteins were detected per cell line. Of these, over 900 proteins were differentially abundant with statistical significance (corrected P-value <0.01) upon nicotine treatment, 57 of which were so in both cell lines. Amyloid precursor protein, previously observed to increase expression in pancreatic stellate cells when exposed to nicotine, was also up-regulated in both cell lines.In general, the two cell lines varied in the classes of proteins altered by nicotine treatment, supporting published evidence that nicotine may play different roles in the initiation and progression of pancreatic disease. CONCLUSIONS Understanding the underlying mechanisms associating nicotine with pancreatic function is paramount to intervention aiming to retard, arrest, or ameliorate pancreatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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Huang LT, Chou HC, Lin CM, Yeh TF, Chen CM. Maternal nicotine exposure exacerbates neonatal hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis in rats. Neonatology 2014; 106:94-101. [PMID: 24851831 DOI: 10.1159/000362153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal nicotine exposure increases lung collagen in fetal and newborn animals. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays a role in hyperoxia-induced pulmonary fibrosis. OBJECTIVE To determine whether pre- and postnatal nicotine exposure can augment CTGF expression and postnatal hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis. METHODS Nicotine was administered to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 6 mg/kg/day from gestational days 7-21 (prenatal nicotine-treated group) and gestational day 7 to postnatal day 14 (pre- and postnatal nicotine-treated group). A control group of pregnant dams was injected with an equal volume of saline. Within 12 h of birth, rats were exposed to room air or 1 week of >95% O2 and an additional 2 weeks of 60% O2 (3 weeks of hyperoxia). Lungs were taken for total collagen, CTGF expression and histological analyses. RESULTS In each maternal treatment group, the rats reared in hyperoxia had a higher total collagen compared with rats reared in room air on postnatal days 7 and 21. Collagen content was significantly higher in rats born to pre- and postnatal nicotine-treated dams than rats born to saline-treated and prenatal nicotine-treated dams on postnatal days 7 and 21. Pre- and postnatal nicotine exposure and neonatal hyperoxia exposure increased CTGF expression on postnatal days 7 and 21. CONCLUSIONS CTGF may be involved in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis induced by maternal nicotine and neonatal hyperoxia, and maternal nicotine exposure exacerbates neonatal hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis. These results are relevant to neonates who require supplemental oxygen and are exposed to the breast milk of smoking mothers during infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Ti Huang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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