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Shen J, Hu N, Wang Z, Yang L, Chen R, Zhang L, Wang X. Ghrelin alleviates placental dysfunction by down-regulating NF-κB phosphorylation in LPS-induced rat model of preeclampsia. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 972:176569. [PMID: 38593930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In our previous study, we uncovered that ghrelin promotes angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro by activating the Jagged1/Notch2/VEGF pathway in preeclampsia (PE). However, the regulatory effects of ghrelin on placental dysfunction in PE are unclear. Therefore, we applied Normal pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to establish a PE-like rat model. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining method and immunohistochemistry (IHC) technology were used to detect morphological features of the placenta. IHC and Western blot were applied to examine Bax and Bcl-2 expression levels. The concentrations of serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt1) and placental growth factor (PIGF) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. In addition, the apoptosis rates of JEG-3 and HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells were determined by Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit. Cell migratory capacities were assessed by scratch-wound assay, and RNA-sequencing assay was used to determine the mechanism of ghrelin in regulating trophoblast apoptosis. It has been found that ghrelin significantly reduced blood pressure, urinary protein, and urine creatinine in rats with PE, at the meanwhile, ameliorated placental and fetal injuries. Second, ghrelin clearly inhibited placental Bax expression and circulating sFlt-1 as well as elevated placental Bcl-2 expression and circulating PIGF, restored apoptosis and invasion deficiency of trophoblast cells caused by LPS in vitro. Finally, transcriptomics indicated that nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was the potential downstream pathway of ghrelin. Our findings illustrated that ghrelin supplementation significantly improved LPS-induced PE-like symptoms and adverse pregnancy outcomes in rats by alleviating placental apoptosis and promoting trophoblast migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ningning Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zetian Wang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Rujun Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Tossetta G, Fantone S, Piani F, Crescimanno C, Ciavattini A, Giannubilo SR, Marzioni D. Modulation of NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling in Preeclampsia. Cells 2023; 12:1545. [PMID: 37296665 PMCID: PMC10252212 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Placentation is a key and tightly regulated process that ensures the normal development of the placenta and fetal growth. Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive pregnancy-related disorder involving about 5-8% of all pregnancies and clinically characterized by de novo maternal hypertension and proteinuria. In addition, PE pregnancies are also characterized by increased oxidative stress and inflammation. The NRF2/KEAP1 signaling pathway plays an important role in protecting cells against oxidative damage due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. ROS activate NRF2, allowing its binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE) region present in the promoter of several antioxidant genes such as heme oxygenase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase that neutralize ROS, protecting cells against oxidative stress damages. In this review, we analyze the current literature regarding the role of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in preeclamptic pregnancies, discussing the main cellular modulators of this pathway. Moreover, we also discuss the main natural and synthetic compounds that can regulate this pathway in in vivo and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.F.); (D.M.)
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.F.); (D.M.)
| | - Federica Piani
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40128 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina Crescimanno
- School of Human and Social Science, University “Kore” of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy;
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy; (A.C.); (S.R.G.)
| | - Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy; (A.C.); (S.R.G.)
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.F.); (D.M.)
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Effect of Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Conditioned Media on an LPS-Induced Mouse Model of Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031674. [PMID: 35163594 PMCID: PMC8836066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hPDMSCs)-derived conditioned media (CM) on a mouse model of preeclampsia (PE), a severe human pregnancy-related syndrome characterized by maternal hypertension, proteinuria, endothelial damage, inflammation, often associated with fetal growth restriction (FGR). At d11 of pregnancy, PE was induced in pregnant C57BL/6N mice by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intravenous injection. At d12, 300 μL of unconditioned media (control group) or 300 μL PDMSCs-CM (CM group) were injected. Maternal systolic blood pressure was measured from 9 to 18 days of pregnancy. Urine protein content were analyzed at days 12, 13, and 17 of pregnancy. At d19, mice were sacrificed. Number of fetuses, FGR, fetal reabsorption, and placental weight were evaluated. Placentae were analyzed for sFlt-1, IL-6, and TNF-α gene and protein expressions. No FGR and/or reabsorbed fetuses were delivered by PDMSCs-CM-treated PE mice, while five FGR fetuses were found in the control group accompanied by a lower placental weight. PDMSCs-CM injection significantly decreased maternal systolic blood pressure, proteinuria, sFlt-1, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in PE mice. Our data indicate that hPDMSCs-CM can reverse PE-like features during pregnancy, suggesting a therapeutic role for hPDMSCs for the treatment of preeclampsia.
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Zeng H, Han X, Zhu Z, Yu S, Mei S, Cheng X, Zhang W, Zhang G, Fang D. Increased uterine NLRP3 inflammasome and leucocyte infiltration in a rat model of preeclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13493. [PMID: 34375018 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The disruption of the inflammatory microenvironment in the uterus affects pregnancy outcome. However, the exact quantification and distribution of leukocyte subpopulations in the uterus in preeclampsia (PE) have not been clearly characterized. Inflammasomes promote the release of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-β and IL-18. A higher expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in placentas contributes to excessive inflammation in PE. However, related studies on the uterus are scarce. We aimed to investigate changes in the infiltration of leukocyte subpopulations in decidual and uterine tissues, and explore the role of activation of uterine NLRP3 inflammasomes in PE. Decidual tissues were collected from normotensive pregnant women and preeclamptic women. A PE-like model was established via administration of lipopolysaccharide to normal pregnant rats. Uterine and decidual tissues were collected from all experimental groups. It was found that the number of leukocytes was significantly elevated in decidual and uterine tissues in PE patients compared to normal controls. The leukocytes (predominantly macrophages and NK cells) particularly infiltrated into the decidua and uterine decidua in PE-like rats, and these were sparse in the myometrium. The NLRP3 immunoreactivity in the uterus was extremely little in control rats, its immunoreactivity and caspase-1 immunoreactivity were significantly elevated in the PE-like rats; the mRNA expression results also indicated an upward trend in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. These results support that leucocyte infiltration in the decidua and uterine deciduas, and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in the uterus, which participate in the pathogenesis, are responsible for the excessive inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface during PE. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqian Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Xinjia Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Zhiqin Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Shengjun Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Shanshan Mei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Guanglan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Dajun Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University
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Tuerxun D, Aierken R, Zhang YM, Huang Y, Sui S, Li XY, Abulikemu Z, Dilixiati N. Astragaloside IV alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced preeclampsia-like phenotypes via suppressing the inflammatory responses. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:236-244. [PMID: 33089927 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a major cause of perinatal and maternal mortality and morbidity, which affects 2% to 8% of pregnancies in the world. The aberrant maternal inflammation and angiogenic imbalance have been demonstrated to contribute to the pathogenesis of PE. This research aimed to investigate the effect of Astragaloside IV (AsIV) in the treatment of PE and the underlying mechanisms. A rat PE-like model was established by tail vein injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and different doses of AsIV (40 and 80 mg/kg) were treated at the same time. Systolic blood pressure, total urine protein and urine volume were observed. Serum and placenta inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA kit. The mRNA and protein expression of relative genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. In PE-like rats, there were obvious increases in systolic blood pressure, total urine protein and urine volume, which were obviously alleviated by treatment with AsIV. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-6 and IL-18, as well as IL-4, IL-10, PIGF, VEGF and sFlt-1, were all reversed by treatment with AsIV. Meanwhile, AsIV treatment improved abnormal pregnancy outcomes, such as low litter size and low fetal weight. In addition, AsIV treatment downregulated the mRNA expression of inflammatory gene IL-1β and IL-6 in PE rats model, and AsIV treatment inhibited the activation of TLR-4, NF-κB, and sFlt-1 in the placenta of PE rats. Our findings indicated the first evidence that AsIV alleviated PE-like signs, and this improvement effect is possibly through inhibition of inflammation response via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilihuma Tuerxun
- Department of Obstestrics of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Remila Aierken
- Department of Obstestrics of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- Department of Obstestrics of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Obstestrics of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shuang Sui
- Department of Obstestrics of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Li
- Department of Obstestrics of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zulifeiya Abulikemu
- Department of Obstestrics of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Nuerbiye Dilixiati
- Department of Obstestrics of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
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Xie Y, Zhou Y, Liu S, Zhang XL. PE_PGRS: Vital proteins in promoting mycobacterial survival and modulating host immunity and metabolism. Cell Microbiol 2020; 23:e13290. [PMID: 33217152 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), is the leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide. One of the key reasons for M. tb pathogenesis is the capability of M. tb to evade immune elimination and survive in macrophage, eventually causing chronic infection. However the pathogenicity mechanism of M. tb is not unclear yet, and thus diagnosis and therapy for TB remains a challenge. The genome of M. tb, encodes a unique protein family known as the PGRS family, with largely unexplored functions. Recently, an increasing number of reports have shown that the PE_PGRS proteins play critical roles in bacterial pathogenesis and immune evasion. The PE_PGRS protein family, characterized by a special N-terminal PE (Pro (P)-Glu (E) motif) domain and a C-terminal PGRS (Polymorphic GC-rich Repetitive Sequences) domain, is restricted mainly to pathogenic mycobacteria. Here we summarize current literature on the PE_PGRS as vital proteins in promoting bacterial survival and modulating host immunity, cell death and metabolism. We also highlight the potential of PE_PGRS as novel targets of anti-mycobacterial interventions for TB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xie
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Allergy Zhongnan Hospital, Department of Immunology Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yidan Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Allergy Zhongnan Hospital, Department of Immunology Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Allergy Zhongnan Hospital, Department of Immunology Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan, China
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7
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Ou M, Zhang Q, Zhao H, Shu C. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Diet and Upregulation of Lipoxin A4 Reduce the Inflammatory Response of Preeclampsia. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:357-368. [PMID: 33131275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on preeclampsia (PE). The LXA4 level was significantly reduced in PE rats. The PUFA diet upregulated the expressions of lipoxygenase 12 (LOX12) and lipoxygenase 15 (LOX15) and downregulated those of cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and endoglin. Lipopolysaccharides could inhibit cell growth and cause inflammatory response, while the presence of PUFAs inhibited the inflammatory response and promoted the expressions of LOX12, LOX15, and LXA4. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) regulated LXA4 expression and inflammation levels by affecting LOX. Inhibition of lipoxygenase 5 activity by NDGA upregulated the expressions of LOX12 and LOX15, while LXA4 reversed LXA4, nitric oxide downregulation, and TNF-α upregulation by NDGA. A decrease in LXA4 levels played an important role in the development and progression of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Ou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Huidong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, China
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Gao P, Zha Y, Gong X, Qiao F, Liu H. The role of maternal-foetal interface inflammation mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion. Placenta 2020; 101:221-229. [PMID: 33022545 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately half of the recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSAs) that remain unidentified to date may be closely related to inflammation. Our previous study found excessive NLRP3 inflammasomes in RSA patients. Here, we investigated further the role of inflammasomes in the maternal-foetal interface of RSA patients. METHODS Villous and decidual tissues were collected during uterine curettage. The trophoblast cell line TEV-1 was cultured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and then the macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was treated with trophoblast media. The expression and localisation of inflammasomes in tissues and cells were detected, and the migration and proliferation of cells were analysed. RESULTS A significantly increased expression of inflammasomes was observed in RSA tissues compared with those in the normal group, and it was more obvious in villous tissues than in decidual tissues. In TEV-1 cells, after LPS stimulation, the expression of inflammasomes was increased, but the cell activity was decreased, whereas in RAW264.7, both expression of inflammasomes and cell activity were increased in the LPS group. In addition, LMWH could inhibit the action of LPS in above cells. DISCUSSION In patients experiencing RSA, abnormal inflammatory response might be mediated by NLRP3 inflammasomes on the maternal-foetal interface, which may reduce trophoblast activity and promote macrophage activity, leading to early embryo implantation failure. LMWH is expected to treat RSA patients by blocking this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ying Zha
- Department of Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Fuyuan Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Haiyi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Department of Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.
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Olaniyi KS, Moodley J, Mahabeer Y, Mackraj I. Placental Microbial Colonization and Its Association With Pre-eclampsia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:413. [PMID: 32903432 PMCID: PMC7434969 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence and role of the microbiome in regulating physiological and pathophysiological conditions including metabolism, energy homeostasis, immune tolerance, behavior, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular-related diseases is of immense interest. It is now clear that the human placenta is not sterile, but rather colonized with microbes. The placental and vaginal microbiomes are distinct however, the placental microbiome is comparable with the oral microbiome, with a limited variation when compared with the gut microbiome. Pre-eclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder, remains the leading cause of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. This is largely due to the lack of a clear etiology of PE and consequently, diagnostic strategies, and treatment are sub-optimal. The present review focuses on the current understanding of the placental microbiome and its implication in the etiology of PE. It provides a perspective on the alteration of placental microbiome as a possible therapeutic approach in the prevention and management of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde S Olaniyi
- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Women's Health and HIV Research Group, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Yesholata Mahabeer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Microbiology, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Irene Mackraj
- Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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10
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Lipoxins, RevD1 and 9, 13 HODE as the most important derivatives after an early incident of ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12849. [PMID: 32732956 PMCID: PMC7393087 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited information available regarding the association of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) and inflammation mediators with ischemic stroke. At the same time, new treatment strategies are being pursued. The aim of this study was to carry out a thorough analysis of inflammation with multiple FFA-derivative mediators after and ischemic stroke and standard treatment. HPLC separations of 17 eicosanoids were performed using an Agilent Technologies 1,260 liquid chromatograph. The profiles of the esters of fatty acids were labelled by means of gas chromatography. FFA, and eicosanoid profiles in the group of patients after ischemic stroke significantly differed from the profile of the control group. Studies confirmed the involvement of derivative synthesis pathways responsible for the inflammation, especially palmitic acid (9 and 13 HODE), arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA. Arachidonic acid derivatives were synthesised on 5LOX, 15 LOX and COX pathways with the participation of prostaglandins while omega 3 derivatives strengthened the synthesis of resolvins, RevD1 in particular. The ability to accelerate the quenching of inflammation after ischemic stroke seems to be a promising strategy of stroke treatment in its early stage. In this context, our study points to lipoxins, RevD1, and 9, 13 HODE as the most important derivatives.
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11
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Liu H, Huang W, Chen L, Xu Q, Ye D, Zhang D. Glucocorticoid Exposure Induces Preeclampsia via DampeningLipoxin A 4, an Endogenous Anti-Inflammatory and Proresolving Mediator. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1131. [PMID: 32848749 PMCID: PMC7399346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE) involves several pathophysiological processes that may be affected by glucocorticoid (GC). We confirmed previously that GC exposure could result in PE, while PE is linked to a deficiency of lipoxin A4 (LXA4), an endogenous dual anti-inflammatory and proresolving mediator. The present study was to investigate whether GC exposure induces PE via dampening LXA4. In the study, cortisol levels of PE women were higher than those of normal pregnancies, LXA4 levels were downregulated in both PE patients and GC-mediated PE rats, and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels were upregulated in both PE patients and GC- mediated PE rats. Moreover, cortisol levels were negatively correlated to LXA4 levels, while positively correlated to LTB4 levels in PE patients. Mechanically, GC downregulated LXA4 via disturbing its biosynthetic enzymes, including ALOX15, ALOX5B and ALOX5, especially activating ALOX5, the key enzyme for class switching between LXA4 and LTB4. Importantly, replenishing LXA4 could ameliorate PE-related symptoms and placental oxidative stress in PE rat model induced by GC. Moreover, LXA4 could inhibit GC-mediated ALOX5 activation and LTB4 increase, and also suppress 11β-HSD2 expression and corticosterone upregulation. The protective actions of LXA4 might be explained by its roles in antagonizing the adverse effects of GC on trophoblast development. Together, our findings indicate that GC exposure could contribute to PE through dampening LXA4, and GC/LXA4 axis may represent a common pathway through which PE occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojing Liu
- Department of Science and Education, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan First Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Duyun Ye
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongxin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Szczuko M, Palma J, Kikut J, Komorniak N, Ziętek M. Changes of lipoxin levels during pregnancy and the monthly-cycle, condition the normal course of pregnancy or pathology. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:869-881. [PMID: 32488315 PMCID: PMC7395003 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN The purpose of the review was to gather information on the role and possibilities of using lipoxin in the treatment of infertility and maintaining a normal pregnancy. Ovulation, menstruation, embryo implantation, and childbirth are reactions representing short-term inflammatory events involving lipoxin activities. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is an arachidonic acid metabolite, and in cooperation with its positional isomer lipoxin B4 (LXB4), it is a major lipoxin in mammals. Biosynthesis process occurs in two stages: in the first step, the donor cell releases the eicosanoid intermediate; secondarily, the acceptor cell gets and converts the intermediate product into LXA4 (leukocyte/platelet interaction). RESULTS Generating lipoxin synthesis may also be triggered by salicylic acid, which acetylates cyclooxygenase-2. Lipoxin A4 and its analogues are considered as specialized pro-resolving mediators. LXA4 is an important component for a proper menstrual cycle, embryo implantation, pregnancy, and delivery. Its level in the luteal phase is high, while in the follicular phase, it decreases, which coincides with an increase in estradiol concentration with which it competes for the receptor. LXA4 inhibits the progression of endometriosis. However, during the peri-implantation period, before pregnancy is confirmed clinically, high levels of LXA4 can contribute to early pregnancy loss and may cause miscarriage. After implantation, insufficient LXA4 levels contribute to incorrect maternal vessel remodeling; decreased, shallow trophoblastic invasion; and the immuno-energetic abnormality of the placenta, which negatively affects fetal growth and the maintenance of pregnancy. Moreover, the level of LXA4 increases in the final stages of pregnancy, allowing vessel remodeling and placental separation. METHODS The review evaluates the literature published in the PubMed and Embase database up to 31 December 2019. The passwords were checked on terms: lipoxin and pregnancy with combined endometriosis, menstrual cycle, implantation, pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm labor. CONCLUSIONS Although no human studies have been performed so far, the cell and animal model study results suggest that LXA4 will be used in obstetrics and gynecology soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Palma
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Justyna Kikut
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Komorniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maciej Ziętek
- Department of Perinatology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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13
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Gatford KL, Andraweera PH, Roberts CT, Care AS. Animal Models of Preeclampsia: Causes, Consequences, and Interventions. Hypertension 2020; 75:1363-1381. [PMID: 32248704 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy complication, affecting 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide, and is an important cause of both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Importantly, although aspirin and calcium are able to prevent preeclampsia in some women, there is no cure apart from delivery of the placenta and fetus, often necessitating iatrogenic preterm birth. Preclinical models of preeclampsia are widely used to investigate the causes and consequences of preeclampsia and to evaluate safety and efficacy of potential preventative and therapeutic interventions. In this review, we provide a summary of the published preclinical models of preeclampsia that meet human diagnostic criteria, including the development of maternal hypertension, together with new-onset proteinuria, maternal organ dysfunction, and uteroplacental dysfunction. We then discuss evidence from preclinical models for multiple causal factors of preeclampsia, including those implicated in early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Next, we discuss the impact of exposure to a preeclampsia-like environment for later maternal and progeny health. The presence of long-term impairment, particularly cardiovascular outcomes, in mothers and progeny after an experimentally induced preeclampsia-like pregnancy, implies that later onset or reduced severity of preeclampsia will improve later maternal and progeny health. Finally, we summarize published intervention studies in preclinical models and identify gaps in knowledge that we consider should be targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Gatford
- From the Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Prabha H Andraweera
- From the Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Claire T Roberts
- From the Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison S Care
- From the Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Australia
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14
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Ahmadian E, Rahbar Saadat Y, Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Nariman-Saleh-Fam Z, Bastami M, Zununi Vahed F, Ardalan M, Zununi Vahed S. Pre-Eclampsia: Microbiota possibly playing a role. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104692. [PMID: 32070720 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a complication of pregnancy that is associated with mortality and morbidity in mothers and fetuses worldwide. Oxygen dysregulation in the placenta, abnormal remodeling of the spiral artery, defective placentation, oxidative stress at the fetal-maternal border, inflammation and angiogenic impairment in the maternal circulation are the main causes of this syndrome. These events result in a systemic and diffuse endothelial cell dysfunction, an essential pathophysiological feature of PE. The impact of bacteria on the multifactorial pathway of PE is the recent focus of scientific inquiry since microbes may cause each of the aforementioned features. Microbes and their derivatives by producing antigens and other inflammatory factors may trigger infection and inflammatory responses. A mother's bacterial communities in the oral cavity, gut, vagina, cervix and uterine along with the placenta and amniotic fluid microbiota may be involved in the development of PE. Here, we review the mechanistic and pathogenic role of bacteria in the development of PE. Then, we highlight the impact of alterations in a set of maternal microbiota (dysbiosis) on the pathogenesis of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yalda Rahbar Saadat
- Nutrition Research Center, Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ziba Nariman-Saleh-Fam
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Lipoxin A 4 suppresses angiotensin II type 1 receptor autoantibody in preeclampsia via modulating caspase-1. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:78. [PMID: 32001671 PMCID: PMC6992755 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) remains a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Numerous studies have shown that women with PE develop autoantibody, termed angiotensin II type 1 receptor autoantibody (AT1-AA), and key features of the disease result from it. Emerging evidence has indicated that inflammatory cell necrosis, such as pyroptosis, could lead to autoantigen exposure and stimulate autoantibody production. Caspase-1, the central enzyme of inflammasome and key target of pyroptosis, may play roles in AT1R exposure and AT1-AA production. Exploring endogenous regulator that could inhibit AT1-AA production by targeting pyroptosis will be essential for treating PE. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4), endogenous dual anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator, may inhibit AT1-AA production via modulating caspase-1. Thus, we explore whether caspase-1 is essential for AT1-AA production and LXA4 inhibits AT1-AA via modulating caspase-1. PE patients and mice developed AT1-AA associated with caspase-1 activation. Caspase-1 deletion leaded to AT1-AA decrease in PE mice. Consistent with these findings, we confirmed caspase-1 activation, trophoblast pyroptosis and AT1R exposure in PE mice and trophoblast model, while caspase-1 deficiency showed decreased trophoblast pyroptosis and AT1R exposure in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, LXA4 could suppress AT1-AA production via regulating caspase-1 as well as enhancing phagocytosis of dead trophoblasts by macrophages. These results suggest that caspase-1 promotes AT1-AA production via inducing trophoblast pyroptosis and AT1R exposure, while LXA4 suppresses AT1-AA production via modulating caspase-1, supporting caspase-1 serving as a therapeutic target for attenuating AT1-AA and LXA4 protecting patients from AT1-AA and PE.
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16
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Gil‐Villa AM, Alvarez AM, Velásquez‐Berrío M, Rojas‐López M, Cadavid J AP. Role of aspirin‐triggered lipoxin A4, aspirin, and salicylic acid in the modulation of the oxidative and inflammatory responses induced by plasma from women with pre‐eclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 83:e13207. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aura María Gil‐Villa
- Grupo Reproducción Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
| | - Angela M. Alvarez
- Grupo Reproducción Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares Asociadas a Transtornos del Embarazo (RIVA‐TREM) Chillán Chile
| | - Manuela Velásquez‐Berrío
- Grupo Reproducción Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas‐López
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética – Unidad de Citometría de Flujo Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU) Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
| | - Angela P. Cadavid J
- Grupo Reproducción Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Antioquia Medellín Colombia
- Red Iberoamericana de Alteraciones Vasculares Asociadas a Transtornos del Embarazo (RIVA‐TREM) Chillán Chile
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17
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Domínguez-Perles R, Gil-Izquierdo A, Ferreres F, Medina S. Update on oxidative stress and inflammation in pregnant women, unborn children (nasciturus), and newborns - Nutritional and dietary effects. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 142:38-51. [PMID: 30902759 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The scientific background of perinatal pathology, regarding both mother and offspring, from the lipidomic perspective, has highlighted the possibility of identifying new, promising clinical markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, closely related to the normal development of unborn and newborn children, together with their application. In this regard, in recent years, significant advances have been achieved, assisted by both newly developed analytical tools and basic knowledge on the biological implications of oxylipins. Hence, in the light of this recent progress, this review aims to provide an update on the relevance of human oxylipins during pregnancy and in the unborn and newborn child, covering two fundamental aspects. Firstly, the evidence from human clinical studies and dietary intervention trials will be used to shed light on the extent to which dietary supplementation can modulate the lipidomic markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in the perinatal state, emphasizing the role of the placenta and metabolic disturbances in the mother and fetus. The second part of this article comprises a review of existing data on specific pathophysiological aspects of human reproduction, in relation to lipidomic markers in pregnant women, unborn children, and newborn children. The information reviewed here evidences the current opportunity to correct reproductive disturbances, in the framework of lipidomics, by fine-tuning dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Domínguez-Perles
- Group on Safety, Quality, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Gil-Izquierdo
- Group on Safety, Quality, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - F Ferreres
- Group on Safety, Quality, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - S Medina
- Group on Safety, Quality, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, (CEBAS-CSIC), University Campus of Espinardo, Edif. 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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18
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Zhang K, Hu M, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Huang Y. The Effect of BML-111 in Preeclampsia Rat Model Induced by the Low Dose of Cadmium Chloride. AJP Rep 2019; 9:e201-e208. [PMID: 31281736 PMCID: PMC6609334 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This article determines the optimal time and dose of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 ) injected to pregnant rat to establish experimental preeclampsia (PE) model. In addition, the therapeutic potential of BML-111, a lipoxin A4 analogue, in the CdCl 2 -induced PE model was also evaluated. Methods Peritoneal injection of two dose of CdCl 2 for successive 6 days was tested in the pregnant rats starting from various gestational days (GDs). During this process, the systolic blood pressure and the body weight of pregnant rats and neonatal rats were monitored. The pathological changes of the placenta and kidney were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in the placentas was detected by Western blot, and the messenger ribonucleic acid expression of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-10 in the placentas were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. BML-111 at the dose of 1 mg/kg/day was peritoneally injected into the rat after establishing the PE model to test its therapeutic potential. Results In the present study, we successfully established the PE model in pregnant rats by intraperitoneally injection of CdCl 2 at the dose of 0.125 mg/kg/day from GD 9 to 14. We recapitulated multiple features of clinical PE in CdCl 2 -induced rat, including high blood pressure, renal dysfunction, and inflammatory response in placenta. Furthermore, treatment with BML-111 significantly relieved multiple features in our PE rat model. Conclusions BML-111 has a potential therapeutic effect in pregnant rats with CdCl 2 -induced PE, which appears to be mediated through inhibition of inflammatory processes in the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- KeKe Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, JinHua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, JinHua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, JinHua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou University, WenZhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinping Huang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou University, WenZhou, Zhejiang, China
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19
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Li ZH, Wang LL, Liu H, Muyayalo KP, Huang XB, Mor G, Liao AH. Galectin-9 Alleviates LPS-Induced Preeclampsia-Like Impairment in Rats via Switching Decidual Macrophage Polarization to M2 Subtype. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3142. [PMID: 30687334 PMCID: PMC6335255 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of decidual macrophages (DMs) is considered a critical event in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (PE). T cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 (Tim-3) is an important negative regulatory molecule that induces immune tolerance by interacting with its ligand Galectin-9 (Gal-9) and thus modulating function of various immune cells, including macrophages. However, the regulatory effects of Tim-3/Gal-9 signaling on DMs polarization and its role in PE remain unclear. In this study, we established a PE-like rat model by administering 1.0 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to normal pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats via the tail vein at embryonic day 5 (E5). Apart from the pre-eclamptic manifestations, increased M1 subtype and decreased M2 subtype were observed at the maternal-fetal interface, as well as increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and reduced anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β and IL-10). Moreover, the expression of Tim-3 in DMs and that of Gal-9 at the maternal-fetal interface were reduced. After administration of recombinant Galectin-9 (rGal-9) protein, we found that liver and renal injuries and maternofetal placental functional deficiency, including inadequate trophoblast cells invasion, impaired spiral artery remodeling and fetal capillary development, were reversed. In addition, the polarization of DMs was inclined to M2 subtype, which was similar to the polarization of DMs in the control rats but contrary to the PE-like rats. Interestingly, at E9, the expression of Tim-3 in DMs and that of Gal-9 at the maternal-fetal interface were significantly increased in the rGal-9 protein intervention group. Taken together, our findings show that administration of rGal-9 protein can alleviate the PE-like rat manifestations induced by LPS. This finding may be related to the activation of the Tim-3/Gal-9 signaling pathway, which promotes DMs polarization dominantly shifting to M2 subtype. Moreover, upregulation of Tim-3 in DMs and Gal-9 at the maternal-fetal interface at E9 suggests that Tim-3/Gal-9 pathway may play some important roles in early pregnancy and even embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hui Li
- Family Planning Research Institute, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Ling Wang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Family Planning Research Institute, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kahinho P Muyayalo
- Family Planning Research Institute, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Huang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gil Mor
- Family Planning Research Institute, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Reproductive Immunology Unit, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ai-Hua Liao
- Family Planning Research Institute, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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20
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Sun J, Zhang H, Liu F, Tang D, Lu X. Ameliorative effects of aspirin against lipopolysaccharide-induced preeclampsia-like symptoms in rats by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory pathway. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:1084-1091. [PMID: 29969574 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Huimei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Dongmei Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Xuhong Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated Dalian University, Dalian, China
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21
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Than NG, Romero R, Tarca AL, Kekesi KA, Xu Y, Xu Z, Juhasz K, Bhatti G, Leavitt RJ, Gelencser Z, Palhalmi J, Chung TH, Gyorffy BA, Orosz L, Demeter A, Szecsi A, Hunyadi-Gulyas E, Darula Z, Simor A, Eder K, Szabo S, Topping V, El-Azzamy H, LaJeunesse C, Balogh A, Szalai G, Land S, Torok O, Dong Z, Kovalszky I, Falus A, Meiri H, Draghici S, Hassan SS, Chaiworapongsa T, Krispin M, Knöfler M, Erez O, Burton GJ, Kim CJ, Juhasz G, Papp Z. Integrated Systems Biology Approach Identifies Novel Maternal and Placental Pathways of Preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1661. [PMID: 30135684 PMCID: PMC6092567 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a disease of the mother, fetus, and placenta, and the gaps in our understanding of the complex interactions among their respective disease pathways preclude successful treatment and prevention. The placenta has a key role in the pathogenesis of the terminal pathway characterized by exaggerated maternal systemic inflammation, generalized endothelial damage, hypertension, and proteinuria. This sine qua non of preeclampsia may be triggered by distinct underlying mechanisms that occur at early stages of pregnancy and induce different phenotypes. To gain insights into these molecular pathways, we employed a systems biology approach and integrated different “omics,” clinical, placental, and functional data from patients with distinct phenotypes of preeclampsia. First trimester maternal blood proteomics uncovered an altered abundance of proteins of the renin-angiotensin and immune systems, complement, and coagulation cascades in patients with term or preterm preeclampsia. Moreover, first trimester maternal blood from preterm preeclamptic patients in vitro dysregulated trophoblastic gene expression. Placental transcriptomics of women with preterm preeclampsia identified distinct gene modules associated with maternal or fetal disease. Placental “virtual” liquid biopsy showed that the dysregulation of these disease gene modules originates during the first trimester. In vitro experiments on hub transcription factors of these gene modules demonstrated that DNA hypermethylation in the regulatory region of ZNF554 leads to gene down-regulation and impaired trophoblast invasion, while BCL6 and ARNT2 up-regulation sensitizes the trophoblast to ischemia, hallmarks of preterm preeclampsia. In summary, our data suggest that there are distinct maternal and placental disease pathways, and their interaction influences the clinical presentation of preeclampsia. The activation of maternal disease pathways can be detected in all phenotypes of preeclampsia earlier and upstream of placental dysfunction, not only downstream as described before, and distinct placental disease pathways are superimposed on these maternal pathways. This is a paradigm shift, which, in agreement with epidemiological studies, warrants for the central pathologic role of preexisting maternal diseases or perturbed maternal–fetal–placental immune interactions in preeclampsia. The description of these novel pathways in the “molecular phase” of preeclampsia and the identification of their hub molecules may enable timely molecular characterization of patients with distinct preeclampsia phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandor Gabor Than
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.,Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Maternity Private Department, Kutvolgyi Clinical Block, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Adi Laurentiu Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Katalin Adrienna Kekesi
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, ELTE Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yi Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Zhonghui Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kata Juhasz
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gaurav Bhatti
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Zsolt Gelencser
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Palhalmi
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Balazs Andras Gyorffy
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, ELTE Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Orosz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Amanda Demeter
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anett Szecsi
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva Hunyadi-Gulyas
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Darula
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Simor
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, ELTE Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Eder
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Szabo
- Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Morphology and Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vanessa Topping
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Haidy El-Azzamy
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Christopher LaJeunesse
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Andrea Balogh
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Szalai
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Systems Biology of Reproduction Lendulet Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Susan Land
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Olga Torok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zhong Dong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ilona Kovalszky
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Falus
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Sorin Draghici
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Martin Knöfler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Offer Erez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gabor Juhasz
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, ELTE Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Maternity Private Department, Kutvolgyi Clinical Block, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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22
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Kell DB, Pretorius E. No effects without causes: the Iron Dysregulation and Dormant Microbes hypothesis for chronic, inflammatory diseases. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1518-1557. [PMID: 29575574 PMCID: PMC6055827 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the successful conquest of many acute, communicable (infectious) diseases through the use of vaccines and antibiotics, the currently most prevalent diseases are chronic and progressive in nature, and are all accompanied by inflammation. These diseases include neurodegenerative (e.g. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's), vascular (e.g. atherosclerosis, pre-eclampsia, type 2 diabetes) and autoimmune (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis) diseases that may appear to have little in common. In fact they all share significant features, in particular chronic inflammation and its attendant inflammatory cytokines. Such effects do not happen without underlying and initially 'external' causes, and it is of interest to seek these causes. Taking a systems approach, we argue that these causes include (i) stress-induced iron dysregulation, and (ii) its ability to awaken dormant, non-replicating microbes with which the host has become infected. Other external causes may be dietary. Such microbes are capable of shedding small, but functionally significant amounts of highly inflammagenic molecules such as lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid. Sequelae include significant coagulopathies, not least the recently discovered amyloidogenic clotting of blood, leading to cell death and the release of further inflammagens. The extensive evidence discussed here implies, as was found with ulcers, that almost all chronic, infectious diseases do in fact harbour a microbial component. What differs is simply the microbes and the anatomical location from and at which they exert damage. This analysis offers novel avenues for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B. Kell
- School of ChemistryThe University of Manchester, 131 Princess StreetManchesterLancsM1 7DNU.K.
- The Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of Manchester, 131 Princess StreetManchesterLancsM1 7DNU.K.
- Department of Physiological SciencesStellenbosch University, Stellenbosch Private Bag X1Matieland7602South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological SciencesStellenbosch University, Stellenbosch Private Bag X1Matieland7602South Africa
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23
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Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. This disease is believed to occur in two stages with placental dysfunction in early pregnancy leading to maternal clinical findings after 20 weeks of gestation, as consequence of systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. Much evidence suggests that PE women display an overshooting inflammatory response throughout pregnancy due to an unbalanced regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Recently, it has been suggested that dysregulation of endogenous protective pathways might be associated with PE etiopathogenesis. Resolution of inflammation is an active process coordinated by mediators from diverse nature that regulate key cellular events to restore tissue homeostasis. Inadequate or insufficient resolution of inflammation is believed to play an important role in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, like PE. In this narrative review, we discuss possible pro-resolution pathways that might be compromised in PE women, which could be targets to novel therapeutic strategies in this disease.
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24
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Experimental preeclampsia in rats affects vascular gene expression patterns. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14807. [PMID: 29093568 PMCID: PMC5665945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal pregnancy requires adaptations of the maternal vasculature. During preeclampsia these adaptations are not well established, which may be related to maternal hypertension and proteinuria. The effects of preeclampsia on the maternal vasculature are not yet fully understood. We aimed to evaluate gene expression in aortas of pregnant rats with experimental preeclampsia using a genome wide microarray. Aortas were isolated from pregnant Wistar outbred rats with low-dose LPS-induced preeclampsia (ExpPE), healthy pregnant (Pr), non-pregnant and low-dose LPS-infused non-pregnant rats. Gene expression was measured by microarray and validated by real-time quantitative PCR. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed to compare the groups. Functional analysis of the aorta was done by isotonic contraction measurements while stimulating aortic rings with potassium chloride. 526 genes were differentially expressed, and positive enrichment of “potassium channels”, “striated muscle contraction”, and “neuronal system” gene sets were found in ExpPE vs. Pr. The potassium chloride-induced contractile response of ExpPE aortic rings was significantly decreased compared to this response in Pr animals. Our data suggest that potassium channels, neuronal system and (striated) muscle contraction in the aorta may play a role in the pathophysiology of experimental preeclampsia. Whether these changes are also present in preeclamptic women needs further investigation.
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25
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Das UN. Angiogenic, Antiangiogenic Molecules, and Bioactive Lipids in Preeclampsia. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:864-870. [PMID: 28830084 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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26
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Perucci LO, Sugimoto MA, Gomes KB, Dusse LM, Teixeira MM, Sousa LP. Annexin A1 and specialized proresolving lipid mediators: promoting resolution as a therapeutic strategy in human inflammatory diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:879-896. [PMID: 28786708 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1364363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The timely resolution of inflammation is essential to restore tissue homeostasis and to avoid chronic inflammatory diseases. Resolution of inflammation is an active process modulated by various proresolving mediators, including annexin A1 (AnxA1) and specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs), which counteract excessive inflammatory responses and stimulate proresolving mechanisms. Areas covered: The protective effects of AnxA1 and SPMs have been extensively explored in pre-clinical animal models. However, studies investigating the function of these molecules in human diseases are just emerging. This review highlights recent advances on the role of proresolving mediators, and pharmacological opportunities of promoting resolution pathways in preclinical models and patients with various human diseases. Expert opinion: Dysregulation or 'failure' in proresolving mechanisms might be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases. Altered levels of proresolving mediators were found in a wide range of human diseases. In some cases, AnxA1 and SPMs are up-regulated in human blood and tissues but fail to engage in proresolving signaling and, hence, to regulate excessive inflammation. Thus, the new concept of 'resolution pharmacology' could be applied to compensate deficiency of endogenous proresolving mediators' generation and/or possible failures in the engagement of resolution pathways observed in many chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Oliveira Perucci
- a Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil.,b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Michelle Amantéa Sugimoto
- a Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil.,c Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Karina Braga Gomes
- a Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil.,b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Luci Maria Dusse
- a Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil.,b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil.,c Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- d Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Lirlândia Pires Sousa
- a Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil.,b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil.,c Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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Liu X, Wang X, Duan X, Poorun D, Xu J, Zhang S, Gan L, He M, Zhu K, Ming Z, Hu F, Chen H. Lipoxin A4 and its analog suppress inflammation by modulating HMGB1 translocation and expression in psoriasis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7100. [PMID: 28769106 PMCID: PMC5541073 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 2-3% of the global population, and there is still no known possibility of a cure. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4), an endogenous lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoid mediator, has potent dual pro-resolving and anti-inflammatory properties. BML-111 (5(S)-6(R)-7-trihydroxyheptanoic acid methyl ester), a lipoxin receptor agonist, has been previously confirmed to be equivalent to LXA4 in the anti-inflammatory processes. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) serves as an inflammatory cytokine when secreted extracellularly in psoriatic lesions and is involved in the development of psoriasis. Therefore, we investigated the effects of LXA4 and BML-111 on the HMGB1 signaling cascade and inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced keratinocytes and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasiform dermatitis in mice. In the present study, we found that treatment with BML-111 attenuated the development of IMQ-induced psoriasiform dermatitis. Furthermore, treatment with BML-111 and LXA4 inhibited HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to cytoplasm and downregulated the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), p-ERK1/2, nuclear NF-κB p65, and proinflammatory cytokines in vivo and in vitro. Our findings indicate that LXA4 and its analog may be potential therapeutic candidates for psoriasis because of their ability to modulate the translocation and expression of HMGB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoru Duan
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Devesh Poorun
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Juntao Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Mengwen He
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhangyin Ming
- Department of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. .,Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Building 149, 13th Street Charlestown, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.
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28
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Lopez Gelston CA, Mitchell BM. Recent Advances in Immunity and Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:643-652. [PMID: 28200062 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent immune system activation plays an important role in the development of various forms of hypertension. Activation of the innate immune system, inflammation, and subsequent adaptive immune system response causing end-organ injury and dysfunction ultimately leads to hypertension and its associated sequelae including coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. In this review, we will provide updates on the innate and adaptive immune cells involved in hypertension, the current understanding of how the immune system gets activated, and examine the recently discovered mechanisms involved in several forms of experimental hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina A Lopez Gelston
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Brett M Mitchell
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
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29
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Alvarez AM, Balcázar N, San Martín S, Markert UR, Cadavid AP. Modulation of antiphospholipid antibodies-induced trophoblast damage by different drugs used to prevent pregnancy morbidity associated with antiphospholipid syndrome. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 77. [PMID: 28132398 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Women with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) present a risk of pregnancy morbidity (PM), vascular thrombosis (VT), or both (PM/VT). aPLs affect trophoblast function, and the aim of this study was to determine the modulation of this aPL-induced damage by different drugs. METHOD OF STUDY IgG was obtained from women with PM and PM/VT positive to aPLs. Binding of IgG to trophoblastic cells, proliferation, mitochondrial membrane integrity, and trophoblast invasion were assessed. The effect of enoxaparin, aspirin, and aspirin-triggered lipoxin (ATL) were evaluated as well as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation. RESULTS IgG from women with aPLs strongly binds to trophoblastic cells. Integrity of mitochondrial membrane was reduced, and proliferation was increased by IgG-PM/VT. Both IgG-PM and IgG-PM/VT decreased trophoblast invasion, which was restored by enoxaparin, aspirin, and ATL. IgG-PM triggered reduction in STAT3 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Some drugs used to prevent aPL-induced PM modulated the alteration of trophoblast function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Alvarez
- Reproduction Group, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Norman Balcázar
- Physiology and Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Angela P Cadavid
- Reproduction Group, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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30
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Liu Y, Yang J, Bao J, Li X, Ye A, Zhang G, Liu H. Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway by nicotine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced preeclampsia-like symptoms in pregnant rats. Placenta 2017; 49:23-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Perucci LO, Santos PC, Ribeiro LS, Souza DG, Gomes KB, Dusse LMS, Sousa LP. Lipoxin A4 Is Increased in the Plasma of Preeclamptic Women. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29:1179-85. [PMID: 27179254 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpw053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive inflammation is involved in preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is an eicosanoid that counter-regulates inflammation. The main objective of this study was to determine LXA4 plasma levels in PE women. The correlations among LXA4 levels, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (us-CRP) levels, and clinical/laboratory parameters of the studied participants were also investigated. METHODS LXA4 plasma levels were determined by ELISA in 23 nonpregnant, 26 normotensive pregnant, and 27 PE women (early PE (N = 10) and late PE (N = 17)), according to gestational age (GA) at clinical symptoms onset). The clinical/laboratory parameters included in Spearman's correlation analysis were: systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, platelet count, proteinuria, and white blood cell count (WBC). RESULTS LXA4 levels were higher in PE women than in nonpregnant and normotensive pregnant women, and similar between nonpregnant and normotensive pregnant women. LXA4 plasma levels were higher in early PE vs. normotensive pregnancy (GA < 34 weeks) and in late PE vs. normotensive pregnancy (GA ≥ 34 weeks). No significant differences were detected between early and late PE. LXA4 levels were positively correlated with us-CRP levels, SBP, DBP, and WBC. No significant correlation was detected between LXA4 levels and the other laboratory parameters. CONCLUSIONS Chronic inflammation in PE, in spite of increased levels of LXA4, points to a possible failure in this regulatory pathway. Further studies are necessary to clarify this issue and to evaluate the role of LXA4 and other proresolving mediators of inflammation in the pathogenesis of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza O Perucci
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Patrícia C Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Ribeiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Danielle G Souza
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Karina B Gomes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luci M S Dusse
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia P Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;
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32
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Liu L, Han X, Huang Q, Zhu X, Yang J, Liu H. Increased neuronal seizure activity correlates with excessive systemic inflammation in a rat model of severe preeclampsia. Hypertens Res 2016; 39:701-708. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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Kell DB, Kenny LC. A Dormant Microbial Component in the Development of Preeclampsia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2016; 3:60. [PMID: 27965958 PMCID: PMC5126693 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2016.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex, multisystem disorder that remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. Four main classes of dysregulation accompany PE and are widely considered to contribute to its severity. These are abnormal trophoblast invasion of the placenta, anti-angiogenic responses, oxidative stress, and inflammation. What is lacking, however, is an explanation of how these themselves are caused. We here develop the unifying idea, and the considerable evidence for it, that the originating cause of PE (and of the four classes of dysregulation) is, in fact, microbial infection, that most such microbes are dormant and hence resist detection by conventional (replication-dependent) microbiology, and that by occasional resuscitation and growth it is they that are responsible for all the observable sequelae, including the continuing, chronic inflammation. In particular, bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, are well known as highly inflammagenic and stimulate an innate (and possibly trained) immune response that exacerbates the inflammation further. The known need of microbes for free iron can explain the iron dysregulation that accompanies PE. We describe the main routes of infection (gut, oral, and urinary tract infection) and the regularly observed presence of microbes in placental and other tissues in PE. Every known proteomic biomarker of "preeclampsia" that we assessed has, in fact, also been shown to be raised in response to infection. An infectious component to PE fulfills the Bradford Hill criteria for ascribing a disease to an environmental cause and suggests a number of treatments, some of which have, in fact, been shown to be successful. PE was classically referred to as endotoxemia or toxemia of pregnancy, and it is ironic that it seems that LPS and other microbial endotoxins really are involved. Overall, the recognition of an infectious component in the etiology of PE mirrors that for ulcers and other diseases that were previously considered to lack one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B. Kell
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- *Correspondence: Douglas B. Kell,
| | - Louise C. Kenny
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Ding X, Yang Z, Han Y, Yu H. Correlation of long-chain fatty acid oxidation with oxidative stress and inflammation in pre-eclampsia-like mouse models. Placenta 2015; 36:1442-9. [PMID: 26582505 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pre-eclampsia has been further recognized as a syndrome during pregnancy. Recent studies have found that long-chain fatty acid oxidation (FAO) disorders may be associated with some of pre-eclampsia. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of FAO and its relationship with oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. METHODS PE-like groups included ApoC3 transgenic mice with abnormal fatty acid metabolism, classical PE-like models with injection of Nω-nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (L-NA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) mouse model with β2GPI injection. The control group included wild-type mice with normal saline injection. Serum FFA was compared and placental and hepatic LCHAD, p47phox and NF-κB mRNA and protein were detected using real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. RESULTS FFA levels were significantly increased and were positively correlated with P47phox and NF-κB mRNA and protein expression in liver of all groups (p < 0.05), except LPS group (p < 0.05) as compared to control. LCHAD mRNA and protein expression in the liver and placenta was significantly increased in ApoC3+NS, ApoC3+L-NA, and β2GPI group, whereas decreased in L-NA group (p < 0.05) as compared to the control group. P47phox mRNA, NF-κB mRNA, and protein expression in the liver of all groups, except in LPS and in the placenta of β2GPI and L-NA groups, significantly increased (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION FAO disorders were involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia through oxidative stress and inflammatory endothelial cell injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zi Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Yiwei Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, PR China
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Aberrant maternal inflammation as a cause of pregnancy complications: A potential therapeutic target? Placenta 2015; 36:960-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Cytokines, angiogenic, and antiangiogenic factors and bioactive lipids in preeclampsia. Nutrition 2015; 31:1083-95. [PMID: 26233865 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a low-grade systemic inflammatory condition in which oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction occurs. Plasma levels of soluble receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR)-1, also known as sFlt1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1), an antiangiogenic factor have been reported to be elevated in preeclampsia. It was reported that pregnant mice deficient in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity show a preeclampsia-like phenotype due to a deficiency or absence of 2-methoxyoestradiol (2-ME), a natural metabolite of estradiol that is elevated during the third trimester of normal human pregnancy. Additionally, autoantibodies (AT1-AAs) that bind and activate the angiotensin II receptor type 1 a (AT1 receptor) also have a role in preeclampsia. None of these abnormalities are consistently seen in all the patients with preeclampsia and some of them are not specific to pregnancy. Preeclampsia could occur due to an imbalance between pro- and antiangiogenic factors. VEGF, an angiogenic factor, is necessary for the transport of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to endothelial cells. Hence reduced VEGF levels decrease the availability of PUFAs to endothelial cells. This leads to a decrease in the formation of anti-inflammatory and angiogenic factors: lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins from PUFAs. Lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, maresins, and PUFAs suppress insulin resistance; activation of leukocytes, platelets, and macrophages; production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α; and oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction; and enhance production of prostacyclin and nitric oxide (NO). Estrogen enhances the formation of lipoxin A4 and NO. PUFAs also augment the production of NO and inhibit the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme and antagonize the actions of angiotensin II. Thus, PUFAs can prevent activation of angiotensin II receptor type 1 a (AT1 receptor). Patients with preeclampsia have decreased plasma phospholipid concentrations of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the precursors of lipoxins (from AA), resolvins (from EPA and DHA), and protectins (from DHA) and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1 from DGLA: dihomo-γ-linolenic acid) and prostacyclin (PGI2 derived from AA). Based on these evidences, it is proposed that preeclampsia may occur due to deficiency of PUFAs and their anti-inflammatory products: lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins.
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Alvarez AM, Mulla MJ, Chamley LW, Cadavid AP, Abrahams VM. Aspirin-triggered lipoxin prevents antiphospholipid antibody effects on human trophoblast migration and endothelial cell interactions. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:488-97. [PMID: 25370166 DOI: 10.1002/art.38934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) interfere with several physiologic functions of human trophoblasts, including reducing their ability to migrate, decreasing their production of angiogenic factors, and inducing an inflammatory response. This may provide the underlying mechanism by which aPL responses lead to recurrent pregnancy loss or preeclampsia in women with obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Although treatment with heparin may reduce the rate of recurrent pregnancy loss, the risk of preeclampsia remains high. Therefore, alternative treatments are needed for the management of pregnant patients with APS. Since aspirin-triggered lipoxins (ATLs) have immune and angiogenic modulatory properties, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of the ATL 15-epi-lipoxin A4 on the function of aPL-altered human trophoblasts in the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS A first-trimester human trophoblast cell line (HTR8) was treated with mouse anti-human β2 -glycoprotein I monoclonal antibodies (aPL) in the presence or absence of the ATL 15-epi-lipoxin A4 . Trophoblast migration and interactions with endometrial endothelial cells were measured using Transwell and coculture assays. Trophoblast secretion of cytokines and angiogenic factors was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Treatment of HTR8 cells with ATL reversed the aPL-induced decrease in trophoblast migration, an effect that appeared to be regulated through restoration of interleukin-6 production. Using a model of spiral artery transformation, aPL and sera from APS patients with pregnancy morbidity disrupted trophoblast-endothelial cell interactions, and treatment with ATL restored the stability of the cocultures. In contrast, ATL treatment did not resolve the proinflammatory and antiangiogenic responses of trophoblasts induced by aPL. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that ATLs may have some benefits in terms of preventing the effects of aPL on trophoblast function, which raises the possibility of the use of ATLs as an adjuvant therapy in women with aPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Alvarez
- University of Antioquia School of Medicine, Medellín, Colombia, and Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Hao H, Xu F, Hao J, He YQ, Zhou XY, Dai H, Wu LQ, Liu FR. Lipoxin A4 Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hela Cell Proliferation and Migration via NF-κB Pathway. Inflammation 2014; 38:400-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0044-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ding X, Yang Z, Han Y, Yu H. Fatty acid oxidation changes and the correlation with oxidative stress in different preeclampsia-like mouse models. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109554. [PMID: 25302499 PMCID: PMC4193787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) expression is decreased in placenta of some cases of preeclampsia (PE) which may result in free fatty acid (FFA) increased. High FFA level will induce oxidative stress, so abnormal long-chain fatty acid-oxidation may participate in the pathogenesis of PE through oxidative stress pathway. Methods PE-like groups were ApoC3 transgenic mice with abnormal fatty acid metabolism, classical PE-like models with injection of Nw-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) mouse model with β2GPI injection (ApoC3+NS, ApoC3+L-NA, L-NA, LPS and β2GPI groups). The control group was wild-type mice with normal saline injection. Except for β2GPI mice, the other mice were subdivided into pre-implantation (Pre) and mid-pregnancy (Mid) subgroups by injection time. Results All PE-like groups showed hypertension and proteinuria except ApoC3+NS mice only showed hypertension. Serum FFA levels increased significantly except in LPS group compared to controls (P<0.05). LCHAD mRNA and protein expression in the liver and placenta was significantly higher for ApoC3+NS, ApoC3+L-NA and β2GPI mice and lower for L-NA mice than controls (P<0.05) but did not differ between LPS mice and controls. P47phox mRNA and protein expression in the liver significantly increased in all PE-like groups except LPS group, while P47phox expression in the placenta only significantly increased in L-NA and β2GPI groups. Conclusions Abnormal long-chain fatty acid-oxidation may play a different role in different PE-like models and in some cases participate in the pathogenesis of PE through oxidative stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zi Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yiwei Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Huan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, PR China
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Dong W, Yin L. Expression of lipoxin A4, TNFα and IL-1β in maternal peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood and placenta, and their significance in pre-eclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2014; 33:449-56. [PMID: 24960456 DOI: 10.3109/10641955.2014.931419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of lipoxin A4, TNFα and IL-1β in maternal peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood and placenta, and to assess their significance in pre-eclampsia. METHODS Ninty pregnant women were divided into three groups: a mild PE group (n = 30), a severe PE group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30). We measured serum levels of lipoxin A4, TNFα and IL-1β using ELISA. Expression levels of lipoxin receptor (FPR2/ALX) mRNA were compared using quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Mean circulating levels of lipoxin A4, TNFα and IL-1β in the PE groups were significantly increased compared with matched women in the control group. The ratios of lipoxin A4/TNFα and of lipoxin A4/IL-1β in the PE groups were significantly decreased compared with matched women in the control group. No lipoxin A4 was detected in umbilical cord blood. There was a significant increase in FPR2/ALX mRNA expression in placenta obtained from the PE groups. CONCLUSIONS The level of lipoxin A4 in maternal peripheral blood may correlate with the expression of FPR2/ALX in placenta. Lipoxin A4 increased to a lesser degree than either TNFα or IL-1β with progression of PE. This may be one of the reasons why oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in severe preeclamptic patients are much more serious that in cases of less severe preeclampsia. Moreover, lipoxin A4 does not have any effect on the fetus through the placenta. We conclude that supplementing with lipoxin A4 to ensure adequate levels may be a novel method for the treatment of pre-eclampsia without any effects on the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
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Xu Z, Zhao F, Lin F, Xiang H, Wang N, Ye D, Huang Y. Preeclampsia is associated with a deficiency of lipoxin A4, an endogenous anti-inflammatory mediator. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:282-290.e4. [PMID: 24796762 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether lipoxin A4 (LXA4) deficiency results in preeclampsia. DESIGN Prospective experimental study. SETTING Patient and animal research facilities. ANIMAL(S) Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTION(S) We measured LXA4 and its biosynthetic enzymes, blocked the LXA4 signaling pathway, treated experimental rats with preeclampsia with LXA4, and detected inflammatory factors, FPR2/ALX, and 11β-HSD2 to systematically test whether lack of LXA4 results in preeclampsia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) We measured serum levels of LXA4 and inflammatory factors using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; detected LXA4 biosynthetic enzymes, inflammatory factors, FPR2/ALX, and 11β-HSD2 mRNA expression using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time RT-PCR; and localized protein expression using immunohistochemistry. RESULT(S) FPR2/ALX and LXA4 and its biosynthetic enzymes were found to be decreased in women with preeclampsia. Replenishing LXA4 improved the symptoms of lipopolysaccharide-induced rats with preeclampsia, while blocking LXA4 signaling resulted in preeclampsia. LXA4 significantly reduced interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, and IFN-γ but increased IL-10, LXA4 up-regulated 11β-HSD2. CONCLUSION(S) A deficiency of LXA4 may result in preeclampsia, which might be ascribed to a reduction in inflammation response, oxidative stress, and regulation of 11β-HSD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangye Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqiu Xiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Duyun Ye
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinping Huang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou XY, Yu ZJ, Yan D, Wang HM, Huang YH, Sha J, Xu FY, Cai ZY, Min WP. BML-11, a lipoxin receptor agonist, protected carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Inflammation 2014; 36:1101-6. [PMID: 23640201 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of fibrosis. Lipoxins (LXs) and BML-111 (lipoxin A4 agonist) have been approved for potent anti-inflammatory properties. Previously, we and others had showed LXs and BML-111 could protect acute hepatic injury, inhibit the growth and invasion of hepatic tumor. However, there are few reports dealing with their effects on hepatic fibrosis. To explore whether LXs and the analog could interrupt the process of hepatic fibrosis, the effects of BML-111 on tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis were observed and the possible mechanism were discussed. Sprague-Dawley rats were induced liver fibrosis by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 10 weeks with or without BML-111, and the histopathology and collagen content were employed to quantify hepatic necro-inflammation and fibrosis. Moreover, the expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were examined via Western blot or ELISA. Rats treated with BML-111 improved hepatic necro-inflammation and inhibited hepatic fibrosis in association with reduction of α-SMA expression and decreased collagen deposition. Furthermore, BML-111 could downregulate the expressions of TGF-β1 and PDGF significantly. BML-111 played a critical protective role in CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis through inhibiting the levels of TGF-β1 and PDGF in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Nanchang University, 461 BaYi Road, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330006, China
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Zhang D, Li Y, Peng H, Liu H, Cheng Q, Cheng X, Zeng P, Wu P, Chen H, Huang Y, Ye D. Glucocorticoids sensitize rat placental inflammatory responses via inhibiting lipoxin A4 biosynthesis. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:74. [PMID: 24571985 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.116384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation dysregulation in placenta is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous pregnancy complications. Glucocorticoids (GCs), universally considered anti-inflammatory, can also exert proinflammatory actions under some conditions, whereas whether and how GCs promote placental inflammation have not been intensively investigated. In this paper we report the opposing regulation of rat placental inflammation by synthetic GC dexamethasone (Dex). When Dex was subcutaneously injected 1 h after we administered an intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory Il1b, Il6, and Tnfa expression in rat placenta were significantly reduced. In contrast, Dex pretreatment for 24 h potentiated rat placental proinflammatory response to LPS and delayed inflammation resolution, which involved MAPKs and NF-kappaB activation. Mechanically, Dex pretreatment promoted 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) activation and increased leukotriene B4 production, whereas it inhibited the anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator lipoxin A4 (LXA4) biosynthesis in rat placenta via downregulating ALOX15 and ALOX15B expression. Moreover, LXA4 supplementation dampened Dex-potentiated placental inflammation and suppressed Dex-mediated ALOX5 activation in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, these findings suggest that GCs exposure could promote placental inflammation initiation and delay resolution via disrupting LXA4 biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Jones ML, Mark PJ, Waddell BJ. Maternal dietary omega-3 fatty acids and placental function. Reproduction 2014; 147:R143-52. [PMID: 24451224 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The developing fetus requires substantial amounts of fatty acids to support rapid cellular growth and activity. Although the fatty acid composition delivered to the fetus is largely determined by maternal circulating levels, the placenta preferentially transfers physiologically important long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), particularly omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs. Maternal dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs during pregnancy has been shown to increase gestation length, enhance fetal growth, and reduce the risk of pregnancy complications, although the precise mechanisms governing these effects remain uncertain. Omega-3 PUFAs are involved in several physiological pathways which could account for these effects, including anti-inflammatory, pro-resolving, and anti-oxidative pathways. Recent studies have shown that maternal dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation during rat pregnancy can reduce placental oxidative damage and increase placental levels of pro-resolving mediators, effects associated with enhanced fetal and placental growth. Because several placental disorders, such as intrauterine growth restriction, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus, are associated with heightened placental inflammation and oxidative stress, there is considerable interest in the potential for dietary n-3 PUFAs as a therapeutic intervention for these disorders. In this study, we review the impact of dietary n-3 PUFAs on placental function, with particular focus on placental inflammation, inflammatory resolution, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Jones
- School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Cotechini T, Komisarenko M, Sperou A, Macdonald-Goodfellow S, Adams MA, Graham CH. Inflammation in rat pregnancy inhibits spiral artery remodeling leading to fetal growth restriction and features of preeclampsia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:165-79. [PMID: 24395887 PMCID: PMC3892976 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20130295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal maternal inflammation leads to TNF-mediated fetal growth restriction and some features of preeclampsia that can be ameliorated with the nitric oxide mimetic nitroglycerin. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) and preeclampsia (PE) are often associated with abnormal maternal inflammation, deficient spiral artery (SA) remodeling, and altered uteroplacental perfusion. Here, we provide evidence of a novel mechanistic link between abnormal maternal inflammation and the development of FGR with features of PE. Using a model in which pregnant rats are administered low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on gestational days 13.5–16.5, we show that abnormal inflammation resulted in FGR mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF). Inflammation was also associated with deficient trophoblast invasion and SA remodeling, as well as with altered uteroplacental hemodynamics and placental nitrosative stress. Moreover, inflammation increased maternal mean arterial pressure (MAP) and was associated with renal structural alterations and proteinuria characteristic of PE. Finally, transdermal administration of the nitric oxide (NO) mimetic glyceryl trinitrate prevented altered uteroplacental perfusion, LPS-induced inflammation, placental nitrosative stress, renal structural and functional alterations, increase in MAP, and FGR. These findings demonstrate that maternal inflammation can lead to severe pregnancy complications via a mechanism that involves increased maternal levels of TNF. Our study provides a rationale for the use of antiinflammatory agents or NO-mimetics in the treatment and/or prevention of inflammation-associated pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Cotechini
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
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El-Agamy DS, Makled MN, Gamil NM. Protective effects of BML-111 against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice. J Physiol Biochem 2013; 70:141-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-013-0288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Placental Vacuolar ATPase Function Is a Key Link between Multiple Causes of Preeclampsia. ISRN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2013; 2013:504173. [PMID: 23762576 PMCID: PMC3674723 DOI: 10.1155/2013/504173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia, a relatively common pregnancy disorder, is one of the major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Despite numerous research, the etiology of this syndrome remains not well understood as the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is complex, involving interaction between genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors. Preeclampsia, originating in placenta abnormalities, is induced by the circulating factors derived from the abnormal placenta. Recent work has identified various molecular mechanisms related to placenta development, including renin-angiotensin system, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and lipoxin A4. Interestingly, advances suggest that vacuolar ATPase, a key molecule in placentation, is closely associated with them. Therefore, this intriguing molecule may represent an important link between various causes of preeclampsia. Here, we review that vacuolar ATPase works as a key link between multiple causes of preeclampsia and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms. The novel findings outlined in this review may provide promising explanations for the causation of preeclampsia and a rationale for future therapeutic interventions for this condition.
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