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Mohsin R, Fujimoto VY, Galusha AL, Parsons PJ, Krall JR, Butts-Jackson CD, Mok-Lin E, Bloom MS. Associations between follicular fluid trace elements and ovarian response during in vitro fertilization. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118801. [PMID: 38555083 PMCID: PMC11156565 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to trace elements has been associated with ovarian response in experimental studies. We conducted a hypothesis-generating study of associations between ovarian follicular fluid (FF) trace elements and measures of ovarian response among women using in vitro fertilization (IVF). METHODS We collected ovarian FF specimens from 56 women. We determined concentrations (μg/L) of 11 trace elements using inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry. We estimated associations between women's FF trace elements per interquartile range difference, and measures of ovarian response using linear (peak estradiol (E2), baseline anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)) and negative binomial (baseline antral follicle count (AFC) and oocyte count) regression, adjusting for confounding factors. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to estimate the associations of the FF trace elements mixture. We also explored FF oxidative stress enzymes as causal mediators of the associations. RESULTS Higher FF cobalt was associated with greater peak E2 (mean difference = 351.48 pg/mL; 95%CI: 21.76, 724.71) and AFC (rate ratio = 1.14; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.28), and higher FF copper was associated with greater peak E2 (mean difference = 335.66 pg/mL; 95%CI: 81.77, 753.08) and oocyte count (rate ratio = 1.19; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.43). Higher FF mercury was also associated with greater peak E2 (mean difference = 410.70 pg/mL; 95%CI: 61.90, 883.39). Higher FF lead was associated with lesser AFC (rate ratio = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.73, 0.98). Using PCA, the mixture of Sr, Hg, and As was associated with higher peak estradiol, AFC, and oocyte count. FF glutathione peroxidase, paraoxonase, and arylesterase activities were inconsistent mediators of the associations, but the effect estimates were imprecise. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that essential and non-essential trace elements in FF were associated with ovarian response during IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rooshna Mohsin
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, United States
| | - Victor Y Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, United States
| | - Aubrey L Galusha
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, United States
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Laboratory of Inorganic & Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, United States
| | - Jenna R Krall
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, United States
| | - Celeste D Butts-Jackson
- Department of Health Services Management, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Evelyn Mok-Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, United States
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, United States.
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Tian T, Wang Z, Liu F, Fu Y, Kong F, Wang Y, Li Q, Long X, Qiao J. Exposure to heavy metallic and trace essential elements and risk of diminished ovarian reserve in reproductive age women: A case-control study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134206. [PMID: 38583203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The associations between metallic elements and ovarian reserve function have remained uncertain yet. In this case-control study, we involved 149 women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and 151 women with normal ovarian reserve, and assessed the levels of six heavy metallic (Cr, Cd, As, Hg, Pb, and Mn) and seven trace essential (Se, Fe, Zn, Co, Mo, Cu, I) elements in their follicular fluid with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Associations were examined with logistic regressions and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). As a result, we found that the medium and the highest tertiles of Pb were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of DOR compared to the lowest tertile, while the medium or/an the highest tertiles of Cu, I, and Fe showed significantly lower likelihoods of DOR compared to the lowest tertiles. Cu and Pb showed significantly non-linear associations with ovarian reserve markers such as follicle-stimulating, anti-mullerian hormone levels, and antral follicle count. With the rising overall concentrations of heavy metals, the likelihood of DOR increased although not significant. There was a trend of a "U-shaped" association across the whole concentration range of trace essential elements and the likelihood of DOR. Our study revealed that avoiding heavy metallic elements and properly supplementing trace essential elements are conducive to ovarian function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China
| | - Fang Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China
| | - Yu Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China
| | - Fei Kong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China
| | - Qin Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Long
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Peking University Third Hospital), China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, China.
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Ding N, Wang X, Harlow SD, Randolph JF, Gold EB, Park SK. Heavy Metals and Trajectories of Anti-Müllerian Hormone During the Menopausal Transition. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024:dgad756. [PMID: 38271266 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental and epidemiological studies have linked metals with women's reproductive aging, but the mechanisms are not well understood. Disrupted ovarian folliculogenesis and diminished ovarian reserve could be a pathway through which metals impact reproductive hormones and outcomes. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate the associations of heavy metals with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a marker of ovarian reserve. METHODS The study included 549 women from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation with 2252 repeated AMH measurements from 10 to 0 years before the final menstrual period (FMP). Serum AMH concentrations were measured using picoAMH ELISA. Urinary concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead were measured using high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear mixed regressions modeled AMH as a function of time before the FMP interaction terms between metals and time to the FMP were also included. RESULTS Adjusting for confounders, compared with those in the lowest tertile, women in the highest tertile of urinary arsenic or mercury concentrations had lower AMH concentrations at the FMP (percent change: -32.1%; 95% CI, -52.9 to -2.2, P-trend = .03 for arsenic; percent change: -40.7%; 95% CI, -58.9 to -14.5, P-trend = .005 for mercury). Higher cadmium and mercury were also associated with accelerated rates of decline in AMH over time (percent change per year: -9.0%; 95% CI, -15.5 to -1.9, P-trend = .01 for cadmium; -7.3%; 95% CI, -14.0 to -0.1, P-trend = .04 for mercury). CONCLUSION Heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, and mercury may act as ovarian toxicants by diminishing ovarian reserve in women approaching the FMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Siobán D Harlow
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John F Randolph
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ellen B Gold
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Génard-Walton M, Warembourg C, Duros S, Ropert-Bouchet M, Lefebvre T, Guivarc'h-Levêque A, Le Martelot MT, Jacquemin B, Cordier S, Costet N, Multigner L, Garlantézec R. Heavy metals and diminished ovarian reserve: single-exposure and mixture analyses amongst women consulting in French fertility centres. Reprod Biomed Online 2023; 47:103241. [PMID: 37451971 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Do heavy metals affect the risk of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) in women of reproductive age? DESIGN A total of 139 cases and 153 controls were included between 2016 and 2020. The participants were aged between 18 and 40 years and attended consultations for couple infertility in one of four fertility centres in western France. Cases of DOR were defined as women with an antral follicle count less than 7, anti-Müllerian hormone levels 1.1 ng/ml or less, or both. Controls were frequency matched on age groups and centres, and were women with normal ovarian reserve evaluations, no malformations and menstrual cycles between 26 and 35 days. Heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium) were measured in whole blood at inclusion. Single-exposure associations were examined with multivariable logistic regressions adjusted on potential confounders. Mixture effects were investigated with quantile g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). RESULTS Chromium as a continuous exposure was significantly associated with DOR in unadjusted models (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.04 to 4.13) but the association was no longer significant when confounders were controlled for (adjusted OR 2.75, 95% CI 0.88 to 8.60). Similarly, a statistically significant association was observed for the unadjusted second tercile of cadmium exposure (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.30); however, this association was no longer statistically significant after adjustment. None of the other associations tested were statistically significant. Quantile g-computation and BKMR both yielded no significant change of risk of DOR for the mixture of metals, with no evidence of interaction. CONCLUSIONS Weak signals that some heavy metals could be associated with DOR were detected. These findings should be replicated in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Génard-Walton
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Charline Warembourg
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Solène Duros
- Reproductive Medicine, CHU Rennes, 35200 Rennes, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Sylvaine Cordier
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Nathalie Costet
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Luc Multigner
- Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Ronan Garlantézec
- Université de Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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5
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Kim K, Pollack AZ, Nobles CJ, Sjaarda LA, Zolton JR, Radoc JG, Schisterman EF, Mumford SL. Associations between blood cadmium and endocrine features related to PCOS-phenotypes in healthy women of reproductive age: a prospective cohort study. Environ Health 2021; 20:64. [PMID: 34022900 PMCID: PMC8141255 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is an endocrine disrupting chemical that affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Though evidence suggests its potential role in altering androgen synthesis and metabolic pathways that are characteristic of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), its relation in healthy women of reproductive age is largely unknown. As women with mild sub-clinical features of PCOS who do not meet the diagnostic criteria of PCOS may still experience reduced fecundability, investigating associations between cadmium and PCOS-phenotypes among healthy women may provide unique insight into the reproductive implications for many on the PCOS spectrum. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate associations between cadmium and androgens, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and metabolic markers in women of reproductive age. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of 251 healthy premenopausal women without self-reported PCOS (mean age 27.3 years and BMI 24.1 kg/m2). Cadmium was measured in blood collected at baseline. Reproductive hormones and metabolic markers were measured in fasting serum 8 times per menstrual cycle for 2 cycles. Linear mixed models and Poisson regression with a robust error variance were used to examine associations between cadmium and reproductive hormones and metabolic markers and anovulation, respectively. RESULTS Median (interquartile range) blood cadmium concentrations at baseline were 0.30 (0.19-0.43) µg/L. Higher levels of testosterone (2.2 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.4, 4.1), sex hormone-binding globulin (2.9 %, 95 % CI 0.5, 5.5), and AMH (7.7 %, 95 % CI 1.1, 14.9) were observed per 0.1 µg/L increase in cadmium concentrations. An 18 % higher probability of a mild PCOS-phenotype (95 % CI 1.06, 1.31), defined by a menstrual cycle being in the highest quartile of cycle-averaged testosterone and AMH levels, was also found per 0.1 µg/L increase in cadmium levels. No associations were observed for insulin and glucose. These findings were consistent even after analyses were restricted to non-smokers or further adjusted for dietary factors to account for potential sources of exposure. CONCLUSIONS Overall, among healthy reproductive-aged women, cadmium was associated with endocrine features central to PCOS, but not with metabolic markers. These suggest its potential role in the hormonal milieu associated with PCOS even at low levels of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keewan Kim
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive MSC 7004, Maryland 20892 Bethesda, USA
| | | | - Carrie J. Nobles
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive MSC 7004, Maryland 20892 Bethesda, USA
| | - Lindsey A. Sjaarda
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive MSC 7004, Maryland 20892 Bethesda, USA
| | - Jessica R. Zolton
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive MSC 7004, Maryland 20892 Bethesda, USA
- Program in Reproductive Endocrinology and Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 20892 Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Jeannie G. Radoc
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive MSC 7004, Maryland 20892 Bethesda, USA
| | - Enrique F. Schisterman
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive MSC 7004, Maryland 20892 Bethesda, USA
| | - Sunni L. Mumford
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive MSC 7004, Maryland 20892 Bethesda, USA
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Upson K, O’Brien KM, Hall JE, Tokar EJ, Baird DD. Cadmium Exposure and Ovarian Reserve in Women Aged 35-49 Years: The Impact on Results From the Creatinine Adjustment Approach Used to Correct for Urinary Dilution. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:116-124. [PMID: 32242622 PMCID: PMC7946799 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is toxic to the ovaries in animal studies, but its association with diminished ovarian reserve in women is not established. We investigated urinary cadmium, a biomarker of long-term exposure, in relation to diminished ovarian reserve, as indicated by elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations (≥10 IU/L), in women aged 35-49 years (unweighted n = 1,681). Using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994), we conducted Poisson regression to estimate adjusted relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. Because the best approach to correcting for urinary dilution in spot samples with creatinine remains controversial, we employed 3 approaches: standardization, covariate adjustment, and covariate-adjusted standardization. Our data suggested a modest association with standardization (highest quartile vs. lowest: relative risk (RR) = 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8, 1.9; P for trend = 0.06) and covariate-adjusted standardization (highest quartile vs. lowest: RR = 1.3, 95% CI: 0.9, 1.9; P for trend = 0.05) and a stronger association with covariate adjustment (highest quartile vs. lowest: RR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.9; P for trend = 0.01). The stronger association with covariate adjustment may reflect bias from conditioning on urinary creatinine, a collider in the hypothesized causal pathway. We conclude that cadmium may contribute to ovarian aging in women and that careful consideration of the creatinine adjustment approach is needed to minimize bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Upson
- Correspondence to Dr. Kristen Upson, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, 909 Wilson Road, Room B601, East Lansing, MI 48824 (e-mail: )
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Anti-Müllerian hormone participates in ovarian granulosa cell damage due to cadmium exposure by negatively regulating stem cell factor. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 93:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kumar S, Sharma A. Cadmium toxicity: effects on human reproduction and fertility. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019; 34:327-338. [PMID: 31129655 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2019-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential toxic heavy metal, an environmental toxicant, and toxic at a low concentration, and it has no known beneficial role in the human body. Its exposure induces various health impairments including hostile reproductive health. Objective The present review discusses the information on exposure to Cd and human reproductive health impairments including pregnancy or its outcome with respect to environmental and occupational exposure. Methods The present review provides current information on the reproductive toxic potential of Cd in humans. The data were collected using various websites and consulting books, reports, etc. We have included recent data which were published from 2000 onward in this review. Results Cd exposure affects human male reproductive organs/system and deteriorates spermatogenesis, semen quality especially sperm motility and hormonal synthesis/release. Based on experimental and human studies, it also impairs female reproduction and reproductive hormonal balance and affects menstrual cycles. Based on the literature, it might be concluded that exposure to Cd at low doses has adverse effects on both human male and female reproduction and affects pregnancy or its outcome. Further, maternal prenatal Cd exposure might have a differential effect on male and female offspring especially affecting more female offspring. Hence, efforts must be made to prevent exposure to Cd. Conclusion Cd affects both male and female reproduction, impairs hormone synthesis/regulation and deteriorates pregnancy rate or its outcome even at lower doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Retd, Former, Director-in-Charge, Scientist 'G', NIOH, A-10, Radhey Kunj Apartment, B/H Circuit House, Shahi Baugh, Ahmedabad, 380004, India
- ICMR - National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, 380016, India
| | - Anupama Sharma
- ICMR - National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, 380016, India
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Maeda E, Murata K, Kumazawa Y, Sato W, Shirasawa H, Iwasawa T, Izumo K, Tatsuta N, Sakamoto M, Terada Y. Associations of environmental exposures to methylmercury and selenium with female infertility: A case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 168:357-363. [PMID: 30384229 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylmercury exposure is a common health risk resulting from daily fish intake. However, studies addressing the link between methylmercury and infertility are limited and also inconsistent. In addition, no previous epidemiological studies have accounted for the interaction between methylmercury and selenium. We aimed to investigate the association between environmental exposures to metals and female fertility. METHODS This case-control study included 98 infertile women receiving fertility treatment (infertile group) and 43 female workers in their thirties (control group) who provided blood samples and returned a questionnaire on lifestyles and dietary characteristics. Blood levels of mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, manganese, zinc, and selenium were compared between the groups. Spearman correlation analyses between anti-Müllerian hormone and the metals were conducted. RESULTS The mean selenium level in blood (± SD) and the selenium/mercury molar ratio were significantly lower in the infertile group (189 ± 25 μg/L and 94.6 ± 44.3, respectively) than in the control group (200 ± 25 μg/L and 118.4 ± 70.5). By contrast, blood mercury levels after adjusting for blood selenium and age were significantly higher in the infertile group than in the control group. Multiple logistic regression analyses with the adjustment for the other metals and potential confounders confirmed significant associations of infertility with elevated mercury and reduced selenium levels. No significant correlations were observed between anti-Müllerian hormone and metals. CONCLUSIONS Methylmercury and selenium exposures appear to have adverse and protective effects on female fertility, respectively. This is the first report to suggest the antagonistic interaction between methylmercury and selenium in relation to human female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Maeda
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Murata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
| | - Yukiyo Kumazawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Wataru Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Shirasawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takuya Iwasawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kimiko Izumo
- Department of Environment and Public Health, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nozomi Tatsuta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan; Development and Environmental Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mineshi Sakamoto
- Department of Environment and Public Health, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Terada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Lee YM, Chung HW, Jeong K, Sung YA, Lee H, Ye S, Ha EH. Association between cadmium and anti-Mullerian hormone in premenopausal women at particular ages. Ann Occup Environ Med 2018; 30:44. [PMID: 30002855 PMCID: PMC6038324 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-018-0255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in women is secreted by granulosa cells of antral follicles. AMH appears to be a very stable marker for ovarian function. It may be used to diagnosis cases of premature ovarian failure, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and ovarian tumors. It has been suggested that cadmium exposure can reduce female fecundity. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether environmental exposure to cadmium was associated with alterations in AMH with regards to age. Methods In a cross-sectional study, the data of premenopausal women living in Seoul, ranging from 30 to 45 of age was collected. The study included a total of 283 women who completed serum AMH and whole blood cadmium assessments. Linear regression analyses were used in order to examine the association between cadmium and AMH. Given that age was the strongest confounder in both cadmium and AMH concentrations, we stratified subjects by 5 years old and analyzed their data. Results Geometric mean concentrations of blood cadmium and AMH were 0.97 μg/L and 3.02 ng/ml, respectively. Total association between cadmium and AMH was statistically significant (adjusted coefficient = - 0.34 (0.15), p = 0.02). After stratification, the only age group with a negative association between cadmium and AMH were the women raging between 30 and 35 years (adjusted coefficient = - 0.43 (0.18), p = 0.01). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that environmental exposure to cadmium may alter the AMH level of premenopausal women, depending on their age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Min Lee
- 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Chung
- 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985 Republic of Korea.,2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungah Jeong
- 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985 Republic of Korea.,2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Ah Sung
- 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985 Republic of Korea.,3Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985 Republic of Korea.,3Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shinhee Ye
- 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Ha
- 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, 1071, Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, 07985 Republic of Korea
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