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Üstay Ö, Elbasan O, Erel P, Bulut NS, Yorguner N. Endocrine-disrupting effects of bisphenol-A, thiamethoxam, and fipronil in hormone-naïve transmen compared to cis-women. Hormones (Athens) 2024:10.1007/s42000-024-00574-7. [PMID: 38990460 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-024-00574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence suggests that the etiology of gender dysphoria (GD) is multifactorial: this, however, remains unclear. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are one of the etiological hypotheses. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to evaluate the urinary levels of bisphenol A (BPA), thiamethoxam, and fipronil in hormone-naïve transmen compared with case-matched cis-women as well as the relation between sex hormone levels and EDCs. METHODS Drug-naïve transmen diagnosed with GD and who were referred from the psychiatry outpatient clinic to the outpatient clinic of the Department of Endocrinology, Marmara University Hospital, were included in the study. These individuals were assessed for eligibility; 38 drug-naïve transmen and 22 cis-women were recruited as the control group. After anthropometric evaluation laboratory tests for FSH, LH, total testosterone, and estradiol were carried out, spot urine samples were collected to evaluate the urine metabolic excretion of BPA, thiamethoxam, and fipronil. RESULTS We found that androgens, total testosterone, androstenedione, and DHEAS levels were significantly higher in transmen than in cis-women. Thiamethoxam was considerably higher in cis-women than in transmen, whereas fipronil and BPA levels were similar in both groups. A negative correlation was found between thiamethoxam and testosterone and between thiamethoxam and BPA levels. CONCLUSION The available data suggest that the EDCs that we are most exposed to in our lives are not the only factor in GD development. Even transmen who have not taken hormone replacement have high testosterone levels; however, the mechanism has not as yet been elucidated. The challenge is to determine whether this is a factor leading to GD or a condition that develops in common with GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Üstay
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Onur Elbasan
- Clinics of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sinop Ataturk State Hospital, Sinop, Turkey.
| | - Pınar Erel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Necati Serkut Bulut
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Neşe Yorguner
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Urbanetz LAML, Soares-Junior JM, Dos Santos Simões R, Maciel GAR, Baracat MCP, Baracat EC. Bisphenol A and polycystic ovary syndrome in human: A systematic review. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 166:190-203. [PMID: 38197560 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder characterized by anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Its etiology is uncertain and one of the hypotheses is that environmental factors, such as the bisphenol A (BPA) endocrine disruptor, may be involved. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between exposure to BPA and PCOS. SEARCH STRATEGY Research was conducted focusing on studies published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish from January 2001 to March 2023 and available in Embase, Medline/PubMed, Rima, Lilacs, Scielo, Google academic, and SCI databases. SELECTION CRITERIA Studies in humans that evaluated the association between exposure to BPA and a diagnosis of PCOS. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Following PRISMA guidelines, study characteristics and relevant data were extracted. MAIN RESULTS Selection of 15 case-control and 7 cross-sectional studies with a total of 1682 PCOS patients. The studies were carried out in China, Poland, Turkey, Japan, Greece, Italy, the USA, Iran, Iraq, Egypt, India, Czechia, and Slovakia. A positive relationship between exposure to BPA and PCOS was described in19 studies (1391 [82.70%] of the PCOS patients). The fluids used in the studies were serum, urine, plasma, and follicular fluid. BPA was measured by ELISA and by chromatography (HPLC, HPLC-MS/MS, GC-MS, and GC-MS/MS). Diagnosis of PCOS used Rotterdam criteria in 15, NIH 1999 in 3, AE&PCOS Society in 2, similar to the Rotterdam criteria in 1, and criteria not informed in 1. Androgens were measured in 16 studies; in 12, hyperandrogenism was positively associated with BPA. BPA level was related to body mass index (BMI) in studies. In 15 studies independently of BMI, women with PCOS had higher BPA levels. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders were evaluated in 12 studies and in 6 a positive correlation was found with BPA levels. Lipid profile was evaluated in seven studies and in only one the correlation between lipid profile and BPA levels was present. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to BPA is positively associated with PCOS, mainly with the hyperandrogenism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ana Mercedes Lara Urbanetz
- Gynecology Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology Departmente, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Maria Soares-Junior
- Gynecology Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology Departmente, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dos Santos Simões
- Gynecology Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology Departmente, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Arantes Rosa Maciel
- Gynecology Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology Departmente, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Candida Pinheiro Baracat
- Gynecology Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology Departmente, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Gynecology Division, Obstetrics and Gynecology Departmente, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Shi J, Hu KL, Li XX, Ge YM, Yu XJ, Zhao J. Bisphenol a downregulates GLUT4 expression by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor to exacerbate polycystic ovary syndrome. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:28. [PMID: 38200540 PMCID: PMC10782693 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01410-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) levels are high in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The mechanism by which BPA induces abnormal glucose metabolism in PCOS patients is largely unknown. METHODS Serum and urine samples were collected from women with and without PCOS (control) at the reproductive medicine center with informed consent. Non-PCOS patients who received in vitro fertilization were recruited for collection of ovarian follicular fluid and granular cells. Wild-type C57BL/6 and AhR -/- mice were used to verify the effects of BPA on PCOS. Real-time PCR, western blotting, and ELISA were conducted to analyze the function of BPA. Chip-qPCR verified the role of AhR in GLUT4 transcription. Flow cytometry was performed to determine glucose uptake. RESULTS A positive correlation was observed between BPA concentration and serum BPA levels in PCOS patients. BPA aggravated the changes in PCOS with abnormal glucose metabolism, impaired fertility, and increased body fat. Mechanistically, we showed that BPA activated AhR and led to decreased glucose transport via GLUT4 downregulation in ovarian granular cells. Therefore, the use of inhibitors or knockout of AhR could effectively rescue BPA-induced metabolic disorders in PCOS mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that BPA suppressed GLUT4 expression and induced abnormal glucose metabolism by activating AhR, causing insulin resistance, and is thus a potential contributor to the development of PCOS. Therefore, AhR could be a potential new therapeutic target for PCOS. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Lun Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yi-Meng Ge
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Gautam R, Prambil AM, Patel AK, Arora T. Emerging pollutants in etiology and pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 123:108515. [PMID: 38000646 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder affecting reproductive-aged women worldwide. Although genetic and lifestyle factors have been implicated in its etiology, emerging evidence suggests that exposure to environmental pollutants may also contribute significantly to the development and pathophysiology of PCOS. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential role of emerging pollutants, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), microplastics, endocrine disruptors, and nanoparticles, in PCOS development. The article summarizes the current understanding of PCOS pathogenesis and its clinical manifestations. Subsequently, it delves into the mechanisms of action of the emerging pollutants, exploring how they may disrupt the endocrine system, interfere with hormonal regulation, and contribute to the manifestation of PCOS symptoms. Moreover, the potential for cumulative effects and synergistic interactions between these pollutants demands a cautious approach when considering their role in PCOS etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Gautam
- Division of Reproductive, Child Health & Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ajith Manayil Prambil
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Arbind Kumar Patel
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Taruna Arora
- Division of Reproductive, Child Health & Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Wu X, Tian Y, Zhu H, Xu P, Zhang J, Hu Y, Ji X, Yan R, Yue H, Sang N. Invisible Hand behind Female Reproductive Disorders: Bisphenols, Recent Evidence and Future Perspectives. TOXICS 2023; 11:1000. [PMID: 38133401 PMCID: PMC10748066 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive disorders are considered a global health problem influenced by physiological, genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The increased exposure to bisphenols, a chemical used in large quantities for the production of polycarbonate plastics, has raised concerns regarding health risks in humans, particularly their endocrine-disrupting effects on female reproductive health. To provide a basis for future research on environmental interference and reproductive health, we reviewed relevant studies on the exposure patterns and levels of bisphenols in environmental matrices and humans (including susceptible populations such as pregnant women and children). In addition, we focused on in vivo, in vitro, and epidemiological studies evaluating the effects of bisphenols on the female reproductive system (the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and vagina). The results indicate that bisphenols cause structural and functional damage to the female reproductive system by interfering with hormones; activating receptors; inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and carcinogenesis; and triggering epigenetic changes, with the damaging effects being intergenerational. Epidemiological studies support the association between bisphenols and diseases such as cancer of the female reproductive system, reproductive dysfunction, and miscarriage, which may negatively affect the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Altogether, this review provides a reference for assessing the adverse effects of bisphenols on female reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Yuchai Tian
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Huizhen Zhu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Pengchong Xu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Jiyue Zhang
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Yangcheng Hu
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China;
| | - Ruifeng Yan
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Huifeng Yue
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
| | - Nan Sang
- Research Center of Environment and Health, College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (X.W.); (Y.T.); (H.Z.); (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Y.H.); (N.S.)
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Hoffmann JP, Liu JA, Seddu K, Klein SL. Sex hormone signaling and regulation of immune function. Immunity 2023; 56:2472-2491. [PMID: 37967530 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses to antigens, including innocuous, self, tumor, microbial, and vaccine antigens, differ between males and females. The quest to uncover the mechanisms for biological sex differences in the immune system has intensified, with considerable literature pointing toward sex hormonal influences on immune cell function. Sex steroids, including estrogens, androgens, and progestins, have profound effects on immune function. As such, drastic changes in sex steroid concentrations that occur with aging (e.g., after puberty or during the menopause transition) or pregnancy impact immune responses and the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases. The effect of sex steroids on immunity involves both the concentration of the ligand and the density and distribution of genomic and nongenomic receptors that serve as transcriptional regulators of immune cellular responses to affect autoimmunity, allergy, infectious diseases, cancers, and responses to vaccines. The next frontier will be harnessing these effects of sex steroids to improve therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Hoffmann
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jennifer A Liu
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kumba Seddu
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sabra L Klein
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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7
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Nehring I, Staniszewska M. Comparison of prenatal and postnatal exposure to endocrine active phenol derivatives in mammals - Humans and Baltic grey seals. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115567. [PMID: 37741109 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) are characterised by their endocrine active properties. Their negative effects on the development of the body are doubly important in the reproduction process. The goal was to compare the maternal transfer of phenol derivatives in humans and seals and identify factors that may affect the load of phenol derivatives entering the mother's body, which translates into a risk to the offspring. Phenol derivatives were determined using HPLC-FLD. It was shown that higher concentrations of phenol derivatives in blood or milk were detected in humans (mothers and newborns) compared to concentrations in Baltic seals. This was influenced by external exposure factors, i.e., leaching of phenol derivatives from food packaging or dermal contact. The authors conclude that milk is the main component in the maternal transfer of BPA to the next generation in humans, while blood is a carrier of alkylphenols, particularly 4-tert-octylphenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Nehring
- Department of Chemical Oceanography and Marine Geology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- Department of Chemical Oceanography and Marine Geology, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
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Ghanati K, Jahanbakhsh M, Shakoori A, Aghebat-Bekheir S, Khalili-Rikabadi A, Sadighara P. The association between polycystic ovary syndrome and environmental pollutants based on animal and human study; a systematic review. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2023:reveh-2022-0187. [PMID: 37167197 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders. This abnormality is identified with hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovary and ovulation disorder. Environmental factors are one of the etiologies of this disease. In this systematic review, a search was performed with the keywords of polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS, pesticides, organochlorine, heavy metals, PCBs, PAHs, bisphenol A, BPA, phthalates, mycotoxin, Tributyltin, TBT, environmental contaminants, regardless of publication time. 567 studies were obtained and after assessing 26 articles were finally selected. 61 % of the studies were attributed to bisphenol A. The positive correlation was seen between bisphenol A, tributyltin, air pollutants and organic contaminates with this disease. The association between this syndrome and bisphenol A in adolescents was also confirmed. Zinc has led to a reduction in the incidence of disease in almost all research literature. This issue can be considered in the prevention of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiandokht Ghanati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI) and Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Jahanbakhsh
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Attaollah Shakoori
- Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aghebat-Bekheir
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Khalili-Rikabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Silano (until 21 December 2020†) V, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Vernis L, Zorn H, Batke M, Bignami M, Corsini E, FitzGerald R, Gundert‐Remy U, Halldorsson T, Hart A, Ntzani E, Scanziani E, Schroeder H, Ulbrich B, Waalkens‐Berendsen D, Woelfle D, Al Harraq Z, Baert K, Carfì M, Castoldi AF, Croera C, Van Loveren H. Re-evaluation of the risks to public health related to the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in foodstuffs. EFSA J 2023; 21:e06857. [PMID: 37089179 PMCID: PMC10113887 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.6857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2015, EFSA established a temporary tolerable daily intake (t-TDI) for BPA of 4 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day. In 2016, the European Commission mandated EFSA to re-evaluate the risks to public health from the presence of BPA in foodstuffs and to establish a tolerable daily intake (TDI). For this re-evaluation, a pre-established protocol was used that had undergone public consultation. The CEP Panel concluded that it is Unlikely to Very Unlikely that BPA presents a genotoxic hazard through a direct mechanism. Taking into consideration the evidence from animal data and support from human observational studies, the immune system was identified as most sensitive to BPA exposure. An effect on Th17 cells in mice was identified as the critical effect; these cells are pivotal in cellular immune mechanisms and involved in the development of inflammatory conditions, including autoimmunity and lung inflammation. A reference point (RP) of 8.2 ng/kg bw per day, expressed as human equivalent dose, was identified for the critical effect. Uncertainty analysis assessed a probability of 57-73% that the lowest estimated Benchmark Dose (BMD) for other health effects was below the RP based on Th17 cells. In view of this, the CEP Panel judged that an additional uncertainty factor (UF) of 2 was needed for establishing the TDI. Applying an overall UF of 50 to the RP, a TDI of 0.2 ng BPA/kg bw per day was established. Comparison of this TDI with the dietary exposure estimates from the 2015 EFSA opinion showed that both the mean and the 95th percentile dietary exposures in all age groups exceeded the TDI by two to three orders of magnitude. Even considering the uncertainty in the exposure assessment, the exceedance being so large, the CEP Panel concluded that there is a health concern from dietary BPA exposure.
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10
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Ruiz TFR, Grigio V, Ferrato LJ, de Souza LG, Colleta SJ, Amaro GM, Góes RM, Vilamaior PSL, Leonel ECR, Taboga SR. Impairment of steroidogenesis and follicle development after bisphenol A exposure during pregnancy and lactation in the ovaries of Mongolian gerbils aged females. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 566-567:111892. [PMID: 36813021 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The ovaries regulate fertility and hormonal control in females, and aging is a crucial factor in this process, when ovarian function is drastically impacted. Exogenous endocrine disruptors may accelerate this process, acting as the main agents in decreased female fertility and hormonal imbalance, since they impact different features related to reproduction. In the present study, we demonstrate the implications of exposure of adult mothers to the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) during pregnancy and lactation on their ovarian function during the transition to later in life (aging). The follicle population of BPA exposed ovaries showed impairment in the development of follicles to the mature stages, with growing follicles being halted in the early stages. Atretic and early-atretic follicles were also enhanced. Expression of estrogen and androgen receptors in the follicle population demonstrated impairment in signaling function: ERβ was highly expressed in follicles from BPA exposed females, which also showed a higher incidence of early atresia of developed follicles. ERβ1 wild-type isoform was also enhanced in BPA-exposed ovaries, compared to its variant isoforms. In addition, steroidogenesis was targeted by BPA exposure: aromatase and 17-β-HSD were reduced, whereas 5-α reductase was enhanced. This modulation was reflected in serum levels of estradiol and testosterone, which decreased in BPA-exposed females. Imbalances in steroidogenesis impair the development of follicles and play an important role in follicular atresia. Our study demonstrated that BPA exposure in two windows of susceptibility - gestation and lactation - had implications during aging, enhancing perimenopausal and infertile features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalles F R Ruiz
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Grigio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luara J Ferrato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena G de Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone J Colleta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M Amaro
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane M Góes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S L Vilamaior
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellen C R Leonel
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB III), Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Sebastião R Taboga
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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11
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Singh S, Pal N, Shubham S, Sarma DK, Verma V, Marotta F, Kumar M. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041454. [PMID: 36835989 PMCID: PMC9964744 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, typically characterized by anovulation, infertility, obesity, insulin resistance, and polycystic ovaries. Lifestyle or diet, environmental pollutants, genetics, gut dysbiosis, neuroendocrine alterations, and obesity are among the risk factors that predispose females to PCOS. These factors might contribute to upsurging metabolic syndrome by causing hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress, hyperandrogenism, impaired folliculogenesis, and irregular menstrual cycles. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota may play a pathogenic role in the development of PCOS. The restoration of gut microbiota by probiotics, prebiotics, or a fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) might serve as an innovative, efficient, and noninvasive way to prevent and mitigate PCOS. This review deliberates on the variety of risk factors potentially involved in the etiology, prevalence, and modulation of PCOS, in addition to plausible therapeutic interventions, including miRNA therapy and the eubiosis of gut microbiota, that may help treat and manage PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samradhi Singh
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Namrata Pal
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Swasti Shubham
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Devojit Kumar Sarma
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462030, India
| | - Vinod Verma
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of MedicalSciences, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Francesco Marotta
- ReGenera R&D International for Aging Intervention, 20144 Milano, Lombardia, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Manoj Kumar
- ICMR—National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462030, India
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (M.K.)
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12
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Zhan W, Tang W, Shen X, Xu H, Zhang J. Exposure to bisphenol A and its analogs and polycystic ovarian syndrome in women of childbearing age: A multicenter case-control study. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137463. [PMID: 36470355 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES In recent years, the reproductive toxicity of new bisphenol analogs has garnered much interest, but it remains to be determined whether bisphenol analogs affect polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). METHODS This study utilized data from a multicenter hospital-based case-control study conducted in 2014-2016 to examine the association between endocrine-disrupting chemicals and infertility in China. 321 PCOS cases and 412 controls were included in the current analysis. We quantified seven bisphenol analogs in urine samples, including bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol AP (BPAP), bisphenol AF (BPAF), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol P (BPP), and bisphenol Z (BPZ). Spearman correlation and generalized linear regression were used in assessing the relationship between bisphenol analogs and hormonal parameters. To examine the association of bisphenol analogs with odds of PCOS, multiple logistic regression, and two multi-pollutant models [quantile-based g-computation (QGC) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) methods] were used. RESULTS After covariates adjustment, BPA, BPS, and BPAF were positively correlated with testosterone (T) in the control group (P < 0.05). Dose-response relationships were discovered between BPA, BPS, BPZ, and BPAF quartiles and PCOS. Mixed exposure to seven bisphenol analogs was found to be positively associated with the odds of PCOS (adjusted odds ratio = 1.26; 1.12-1.45), which was primarily driven by BPS (weight = 0.51), BPZ (weight = 0.26), and BPAF (weight = 0.23). Women who were overweight or obese tended to have a stronger association between bisphenol analogs and PCOS than normal-weight women. CONCLUSIONS Environmental exposure to bisphenol analogs was associated with increased odds of PCOS in this case-control study. This association was stronger among obese and overweight women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Zhan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weifeng Tang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoli Shen
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hong Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China; The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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13
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Endocrine Disruptors (Bisphenols, Parabens, and Triclosan)-A Systematic Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010138. [PMID: 36676087 PMCID: PMC9864804 DOI: 10.3390/life13010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can result in alterations of the female reproductive system, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this review was to summarize the knowledge about the association of EDCs (bisphenols, parabens, and triclosan) with PCOS. We conducted an electronic literature search using PubMed for studies published between January 2007 and October 2022 on EDCs related to PCOS, and evaluated the association of PCOS with bisphenols, parabens and triclosan in 15 articles. Most studies revealed significantly higher plasma, urinary or follicular fluid levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in women with PCOS, and some showed a positive correlation of BPA with insulin resistance, polycystic morphology on ultrasound, hepatic steatosis, bilirubin levels, as well as free androgen index, androstenedione and testosterone serum levels, and markers of low-grade chronic inflammation. There was a negative correlation of BPA with markers of ovarian reserve, sex hormone binding globulin and vitamin D-binding protein. Parabens and triclosan have been studied in only one study each, with no significant associations with PCOS observed. Our review revealed an association of BPA with PCOS and negative effects of BPA on human ovaries; more research is needed to assess the potential associations of parabens and triclosan with PCOS.
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14
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Jozkowiak M, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Kobylarek D, Gorska N, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Rachon D, Spaczynski RZ. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Relevant Role of the Theca and Granulosa Cells in the Pathogenesis of the Ovarian Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010174. [PMID: 36611967 PMCID: PMC9818374 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common heterogeneous endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. The pathogenesis of PCOS remains elusive; however, there is evidence suggesting the potential contribution of genetic interactions or predispositions combined with environmental factors. Among these, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been proposed to potentially contribute to the etiology of PCOS. Granulosa and theca cells are known to cooperate to maintain ovarian function, and any disturbance can lead to endocrine disorders, such as PCOS. This article provides a review of the recent knowledge on PCOS pathophysiology, the role of granulosa and theca cells in PCOS pathogenesis, and the evidence linking exposure to EDCs with reproductive disorders such as PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Jozkowiak
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61847-0721
| | - Dominik Kobylarek
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Gorska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Dominik Rachon
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, Debinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Robert Z. Spaczynski
- Center for Gynecology, Obstetrics and Infertility Treatment Pastelova, Pastelowa 8, 60-198 Poznan, Poland
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15
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Stavridis K, Triantafyllidou O, Pisimisi M, Vlahos N. Bisphenol-A and Female Fertility: An Update of Existing Epidemiological Studies. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237227. [PMID: 36498800 PMCID: PMC9736436 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans interfere with a variety of endocrine disruptors on a daily basis, which may result in adverse health effects. Among them, Bisphenol-A (BPA) is the most debated endocrine disruptor, despite being widely studied, regarding its effects on fertility. The aim of this review was to investigate the interrelation of BPA and female fertility. PubMed (Medline) was searched from 2013 until 2022 to identify epidemiological studies that report the association of BPA with fertility parameters, in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis. Regarding general fertility, most studies report an inverse association between BPA and ovarian reserve markers, namely antral follicle count (AFC) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). The BPA and estradiol (E2) levels did not correlate significantly in the majority of studies. No definite conclusions can be reached regarding BPA and IVF endpoints or endometriosis. Lastly, most studies report higher prevalence of PCOS in women with higher BPA concentrations, although no casualty has been proven. Although most studies fail to reach definite conclusion regarding the impact of BPA on fertility, there is accumulating evidence suggesting a negative role of BPA in female reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Stavridis
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aretaieion Hospital, University of Athens, 11527 Attica, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-6981919457
| | - Olga Triantafyllidou
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aretaieion Hospital, University of Athens, 11527 Attica, Greece
| | - Maria Pisimisi
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vlahos
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aretaieion Hospital, University of Athens, 11527 Attica, Greece
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16
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Jala A, Varghese B, Kaur G, Rajendiran K, Dutta R, Adela R, Borkar RM. Implications of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on polycystic ovarian syndrome: A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:58484-58513. [PMID: 35778660 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21612-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex multifactorial disorder of unknown pathogenesis in which genetic and environmental factors contribute synergistically to its phenotypic expressions. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), a group of widespread pollutants freely available in the environment and consumer products, can interfere with normal endocrine signals. Extensive evidence has shown that EDCs, environmental contributors to PCOS, can frequently induce ovarian and metabolic abnormalities at low doses. The current research on environmental EDCs suggests that there may be link between EDC exposure and PCOS, which calls for more human bio-monitoring of EDCs using highly sophisticated analytical techniques for the identification and quantification and to discover the underlying pathophysiology of the disease. This review briefly elaborated on the general etiology of PCOS and listed various epidemiological and experimental data from human and animal studies correlating EDCs and PCOS. This review also provides insights into various analytical tools and sample preparation techniques for biomonitoring studies for PCOS risk assessment. Furthermore, we highlight the role of metabolomics in disease-specific biomarker discovery and its use in clinical practice. It also suggests the way forward to integrate biomonitoring studies and metabolomics to underpin the role of EDCs in PCOS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Jala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, India
| | - Bincy Varghese
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, India
| | - Gurparmeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, India
| | | | - Ratul Dutta
- Down Town Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, 781106, India
| | - Ramu Adela
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, India
| | - Roshan M Borkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari, 781101, India.
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17
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Moralia MA, Quignon C, Simonneaux M, Simonneaux V. Environmental disruption of reproductive rhythms. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 66:100990. [PMID: 35227765 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction is a key biological function requiring a precise synchronization with annual and daily cues to cope with environmental fluctuations. Therefore, humans and animals have developed well-conserved photoneuroendocrine pathways to integrate and process daily and seasonal light signals within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. However, in the past century, industrialization and the modern 24/7 human lifestyle have imposed detrimental changes in natural habitats and rhythms of life. Indeed, exposure to an excessive amount of artificial light at inappropriate timing because of shift work and nocturnal urban lighting, as well as the ubiquitous environmental contamination by endocrine-disrupting chemicals, threaten the integrity of the daily and seasonal timing of biological functions. Here, we review recent epidemiological, field and experimental studies to discuss how light and chemical pollution of the environment can disrupt reproductive rhythms by interfering with the photoneuroendocrine timing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Azélie Moralia
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Clarisse Quignon
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marine Simonneaux
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Simonneaux
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France.
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18
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Mina A, Boutzios G, Papoutsis I, Kaparos G, Christopoulos P, Kousta E, Mastrominas M, Athanaselis S, Mastorakos G. Bisphenol A correlates with fewer retrieved oocytes in women with tubal factor infertility. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:305-315. [PMID: 35524040 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Serum and urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations have been associated negatively with the number of retrieved oocytes after in vitro fertilization (IVF). The impact of BPA upon women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and women with tubal factor infertility (TFI), following IVF, was investigated. To this purpose, associations among serum and urinary and follicular fluid (FF) BPA concentrations and the number of retrieved and fertilized oocytes and comparisons between pregnancy rates were evaluated. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a university-affiliated assisted conception unit between January and November 2019, including 93 women of reproductive age (PCOS: 45; TFI: 48) following IVF. Unconjugated FF and serum BPA concentrations and total urinary BPA concentration were measured using a novel gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The number of retrieved and fertilized oocytes and pregnancy rate were documented and evaluated. RESULTS The number of oocytes retrieved from PCOS women was greater than that of 21 TFI women, independently of BMI. Lower FF BPA concentrations were found in all PCOS women and in overweight/obese PCOS compared to TFI women (0.50, 0.38, and 1.13 ng/mL, respectively). In TFI women, FF BPA concentrations correlated negatively with the number of retrieved oocytes. Serum and FF and urinary BPA concentrations did not significantly affect the number of fertilized oocytes and pregnancy rate in both groups. CONCLUSION FF BPA concentrations were lower in all PCOS women and in overweight/obese PCOS than in TFI women. In TFI women, FF BPA concentrations correlated negatively with retrieved oocytes. Confirmation of these findings might lead to moderation of use of BPA-containing products by women undergoing IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areti Mina
- Endocrine Unit, Medical School, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sofias Str, PO Box 11528, Athens, Greece
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, PO Box 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Boutzios
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School, Laiko University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, PO Box 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papoutsis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, PO Box 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - George Kaparos
- Hormonal and Biochemical Laboratory, Medical School, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sofias Str, PO Box 11528, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Christopoulos
- Endocrine Unit, Medical School, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sofias Str, PO Box 11528, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Kousta
- Endocrine Unit, Medical School, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sofias Str, PO Box 11528, Athens, Greece
| | - Minas Mastrominas
- Embryogenesis Assisted Conception Unit, Kifisias 49 Avenue, PO Box 15123, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Athanaselis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, PO Box 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - George Mastorakos
- Endocrine Unit, Medical School, Aretaieion University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76 Vas. Sofias Str, PO Box 11528, Athens, Greece.
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19
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Roberts JF, Jeff Huang CC. Bovine models for human ovarian diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 189:101-154. [PMID: 35595347 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During early embryonic development, late fetal growth, puberty, adult reproductive years, and advanced aging, bovine and human ovaries closely share molecular pathways and hormonal signaling mechanisms. Other similarities between these species include the size of ovaries, length of gestation, ovarian follicular and luteal dynamics, and pathophysiology of ovarian diseases. As an economically important agriculture species, cattle are a foundational species in fertility research with decades of groundwork using physiologic, genetic, and therapeutic experimental techniques. Many technologies used in modern reproductive medicine, such as ovulation induction using hormonal therapy, were first used in cows before human trials. Human ovarian diseases with naturally occurring bovine correlates include premature ovary insufficiency (POI), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and sex-cord stromal tumors (SCSTs). This article presents an overview of bovine ovary research related to causes of infertility, ovarian diseases, diagnostics, and therapeutics, emphasizing where the bovine model can offer advantages over other lab animals for translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Roberts
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic & Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Chen-Che Jeff Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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20
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Rumph JT, Stephens VR, Martin JL, Brown LK, Thomas PL, Cooley A, Osteen KG, Bruner-Tran KL. Uncovering Evidence: Associations between Environmental Contaminants and Disparities in Women's Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031257. [PMID: 35162279 PMCID: PMC8835285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, industrial accidents and military actions have led to unintentional, large-scale, high-dose human exposure to environmental contaminants with endocrine-disrupting action. These historical events, in addition to laboratory studies, suggest that exposure to toxicants such as dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls negatively impact the reproductive system and likely influence the development of gynecologic diseases. Although high-level exposure to a single toxicant is rare, humans living in industrialized countries are continuously exposed to a complex mixture of manmade and naturally produced endocrine disruptors, including persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals. Since minorities are more likely to live in areas with known environmental contamination; herein, we conducted a literature review to identify potential associations between toxicant exposure and racial disparities in women's health. Evidence within the literature suggests that the body burden of environmental contaminants, especially in combination with inherent genetic variations, likely contributes to previously observed racial disparities in women's health conditions such as breast cancer, endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine fibroids, and premature birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelonia T. Rumph
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (J.T.R.); (J.L.M.); (L.K.B.); (P.L.T.); (A.C.)
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (V.R.S.); (K.G.O.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Victoria R. Stephens
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (V.R.S.); (K.G.O.)
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Joanie L. Martin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (J.T.R.); (J.L.M.); (L.K.B.); (P.L.T.); (A.C.)
| | - LaKendria K. Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (J.T.R.); (J.L.M.); (L.K.B.); (P.L.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Portia L. Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (J.T.R.); (J.L.M.); (L.K.B.); (P.L.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Ayorinde Cooley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA; (J.T.R.); (J.L.M.); (L.K.B.); (P.L.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Kevin G. Osteen
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (V.R.S.); (K.G.O.)
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - Kaylon L. Bruner-Tran
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; (V.R.S.); (K.G.O.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Fu X, He J, Zheng D, Yang X, Wang P, Tuo F, Wang L, Li S, Xu J, Yu J. Association of endocrine disrupting chemicals levels in serum, environmental risk factors, and hepatic function among 5- to 14-year-old children. Toxicology 2021; 465:153011. [PMID: 34715266 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) might increase the risk of childhood diseases by disrupting hormone-mediated processes that are critical for growth and development during childhood, however, the association among the exposure level of EDCs such as Nonylphenol (NP), Bisphenol A (BPA), Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in children and environmental risk factors, as well as hepatic function has not been elaborated. This study aimed to discuss this interesting relationship among NP, BPA, DMP concentrations in serum, environmental risk factors, hepatic function of 5- to 14-year-old children in industrial zone, residential zone and suburb in northern district of Guizhou Province, China. In Zunyi city, 1006 children participated in cross-sectional health assessments from July to August 2018, and their parents completed identical questionnaires on the environmental risk factors of EDCs exposure to mothers and children. Serum NP, BPA and DMP concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), AST/ALT, total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) were detected with automatic biochemical analyzer. The median concentrations of serum NP, BPA, and DMP in the participants were 45.85 ng/mL, 26.31 ng/mL and 31.62 ng/mL, respectively, which were higher than the environmental concentration limits of the U.S. National Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Hair gels used during pregnancy, types of domestic drinking water, nail polish and cosmetics used by children were significantly positive correlated with serum NP concentration (P < 0.05). Gender, feeding pattern, plastic water cup used during pregnancy, hair spray and perfume use for children, duration of children birth, materials for baby bottle or cup and ways to plastic products were significantly positively correlated with serum BPA concentration (P < 0.05). Gender, perms used during pregnancy, hair spray and perfume use for children, using plastic lunch box during pregnancy, duration of children birth, exposure to pesticides, parents' occupations were significantly positively correlated with serum DMP concentrations (P < 0.05). Serum NP (β = 0.296, P = 0.036) and DMP (β = 0.316, P = 0.026) concentrations and TBIL level were significantly positively correlated. Serum NP concentration and the levels of IBIL (β = 0.382, P = 0.006) are significantly positively correlated. Cosmetics used during pregnancy significantly increased AST level (β = 2.641, P = 0.021). There was a positive correlation between the frequency of hair spray and perfume use for children and the AST (β = 4.241, P = 0.022). NP, BPA and DMP, which were commonly detected in the serum of children aged 5-14 years old in Zunyi City, Northern Guizhou Province, China, were closely related to the environmental risk factors of exposure environment during pregnancy, infancy and school age. Exposure to NP, BPA and DMP would have negative effects on hepatic function, and these effects showed differences in gender and geographical location. Notably,The relationships were more evident in girls than in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Fu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Jie He
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Deliang Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Honghuagang District People's Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - FangXu Tuo
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Shixu Li
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China.
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China.
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Šimková M, Vítků J, Kolátorová L, Vrbíková J, Vosátková M, Včelák J, Dušková M. Endocrine disruptors, obesity, and cytokines - how relevant are they to PCOS? Physiol Res 2021; 69:S279-S293. [PMID: 33094626 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As environmental and genetic components contribute to the PCOS expression, we compared levels of endocrine disruptors, steroid hormones, cytokines, and metabolic parameters in twenty healthy, nine normal-weight PCOS women, and ten obese PCOS women. Steroid hormones, bisphenols (BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF) and parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl-parabens) were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differences between the groups were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated for the individual parameters relationship. Significantly higher levels of BPA, anti-Müllerain hormone, lutropine, lutropine/folitropine ratio, testosterone, androstenedione, 7beta-OH-epiandrosterone, and cytokines (IL-6, VEGF, PDGF-bb), were found in normal-weight PCOS women compared to controls. Between normal-weight and obese PCOS women, there were no differences in hormonal, but in metabolic parameters. Obese PCOS women had significantly higher insulin resistance, fatty-liver index, triglycerides, cytokines (IL-2, IL-13, IFN-gamma). In healthy, but not in PCOS, women, there was a positive correlation of BPA with testosterone, SHBG with lutropine, and folitropine, while testosterone negatively correlated with SHBG. In obese women with PCOS, insulin resistance negatively correlated with SHBG and estradiol. No differences were observed in the paraben exposure. Levels of BPA were higher in PCOS women, indicating its role in the etiology. Obesity significantly worsens the symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Šimková
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic. ,
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Ruiz TFR, Taboga SR, Leonel ECR. Molecular mechanisms of mammary gland remodeling: A review of the homeostatic versus bisphenol a disrupted microenvironment. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:1-16. [PMID: 34343637 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mammary gland (MG) undergoes critical points of structural changes throughout a woman's life. During the perinatal and pubertal stages, MG develops through growth and differentiation to establish a pre-mature feature. If pregnancy and lactation occur, the epithelial compartment branches and differentiates to create a specialized structure for milk secretion and nurturing of the newborn. However, the ultimate MG modification consists of a regression process aiming to reestablish the smaller and less energy demanding structure until another production cycle happens. The unraveling of these fascinating physiologic cycles has helped the scientific community elucidate aspects of molecular regulation of proliferative and apoptotic events and remodeling of the stromal compartment. However, greater understanding of the hormonal pathways involved in MG developmental stages led to concern that endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA), may influence these specific development/involution stages, called "windows of susceptibility". Since it is used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, BPA is a ubiquitous chemical present in human everyday life, exerting an estrogenic effect. Thus, descriptions of its deleterious effects on the MG, especially in terms of serum hormone concentrations, hormonal receptor expression, molecular pathways, and epigenetic alterations, have been widely published. Therefore, allied to a didactic description of the main physiological mechanisms involved in different critical points of MG development, the current review provides a summary of key mechanisms by which the endocrine disruptor BPA impacts MG homeostasis at different windows of susceptibility, causing short- and long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José Do Rio Preto, Brazil.
| | - Sebastião Roberto Taboga
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José Do Rio Preto, Brazil.
| | - Ellen Cristina Rivas Leonel
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José Do Rio Preto, Brazil; Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Department of Histology, Embryology and Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Goiânia, Brazil.
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Kawa IA, Fatima Q, Mir SA, Jeelani H, Manzoor S, Rashid F. Endocrine disrupting chemical Bisphenol A and its potential effects on female health. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:803-811. [PMID: 33839640 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM A large number of chemical compounds with endocrine-disrupting activity have been documented. These chemicals are ubiquitous and widely used in many products of our daily lives. Bisphenol A (BPA) is among the most common Endocrine Disrupting Chemical (EDC) that has been used for many years in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. There is growing evidence that exposure to these EDCs poses a possible health risk. This review focuses on the effect of EDCs, in particular, BPA on female reproduction and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), which is the most prevalent endocrine disorder of reproductively aged women. METHODS A relevant literature survey was conducted with Google scholar and Pubmed using several appropriate keywords to select the most relevant studies evaluating the role of endocrine disrupting-chemicals in female reproduction. RESULTS The female menstrual cycle and fertility are very sensitive to hormonal imbalance and alteration in endocrine function during critical times and different stages of lifecycle owing to EDC exposure results in many abnormalities like menstrual irregularities, impaired fertility, PCOS, and Endometriosis among others. BPA is the most extensively studied EDC worldwide and has been strongly associated with female reproductive health. CONCLUSION EDCs lead to deleterious effects on human health including reproductive health which are of global concern. Exposure to EDCs in early life can elicit disease in adult life and maybe even transgenerational. There is an immediate need to minimize the ill effect of EDCs which can be tackled through the collection of more data to clarify the clinical implications of EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Ashaq Kawa
- Department of Biochemistry/Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Qudsia Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry/Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Shahnaz Ahmad Mir
- Department of Endocrinology, Government Medical College, Shireen Bagh, Srinagar, India
| | - Humira Jeelani
- Department of Biochemistry/Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Saika Manzoor
- Department of Biochemistry/Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Fouzia Rashid
- Department of Biochemistry/Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
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Khan NG, Correia J, Adiga D, Rai PS, Dsouza HS, Chakrabarty S, Kabekkodu SP. A comprehensive review on the carcinogenic potential of bisphenol A: clues and evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:19643-19663. [PMID: 33666848 PMCID: PMC8099816 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A [BPA; (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2] is a synthetic chemical used as a precursor material for the manufacturing of plastics and resins. It gained attention due to its high chances of human exposure and predisposing individuals at extremely low doses to diseases, including cancer. It enters the human body via oral, inhaled, and dermal routes as leach-out products. BPA may be anticipated as a probable human carcinogen. Studies using in vitro cell lines, rodent models, and epidemiological analysis have convincingly shown the increasing susceptibility to cancer at doses below the oral reference dose set by the Environmental Protection Agency for BPA. Furthermore, BPA exerts its toxicological effects at the genetic and epigenetic levels, influencing various cell signaling pathways. The present review summarizes the available data on BPA and its potential impact on cancer and its clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Ghani Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Jacinta Correia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Padmalatha Satwadi Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Herman Sunil Dsouza
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Center for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
- Center for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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26
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Engin AB, Engin A. Risk of Alzheimer's disease and environmental bisphenol A exposure. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals pose a threat to health and reproduction. Plasticizers such as phthalates and bisphenols are particularly problematic because they are present in many consumer products and exposure can begin in utero and continue throughout the lifetime of the individual. Evidence suggests that these chemicals can have ancestral and transgenerational effects, making them a huge public health concern for the reproductive health of current and future generations. Studies performed in rodents or using rodent- or human-derived tissues have been critical for understanding the toxic effects of plasticizers on the ovary and their mechanisms of action. This review addresses current in vitro and rodent-based in vivo studies investigating the effects of bisphenols and phthalates on ovarian health, female reproduction, and correlations between human exposure and reproductive pathologies.
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28
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Laws MJ, Neff AM, Brehm E, Warner GR, Flaws JA. Endocrine disrupting chemicals and reproductive disorders in women, men, and animal models. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2021; 92:151-190. [PMID: 34452686 PMCID: PMC9743013 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This chapter covers the known effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on reproductive disorders. The EDCs represented are highly studied, including plasticizers (bisphenols and phthalates), chemicals in personal care products (parabens), persistent environmental contaminants (polychlorinated biphenyls), and chemicals in pesticides or herbicides. Both female and male reproductive disorders are reviewed in the chapter. Female disorders include infertility/subfertility, irregular reproductive cycles, early menopause, premature ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids. Male disorders include infertility/subfertility, cryptorchidism, and hypospadias. Findings from both human and animal studies are represented.
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Kechagias KS, Semertzidou A, Athanasiou A, Paraskevaidi M, Kyrgiou M. Bisphenol-A and polycystic ovary syndrome: a review of the literature. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2020; 35:323-331. [PMID: 32663175 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age with reproductive, metabolic and endocrine implications. While the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of the syndrome are unknown, its heterogeneity suggests a multifactorial causal background. In the last two decades, numerous environmental chemicals, including Bisphenol-A (BPA) that is used in the synthesis of polycarbonate plastics, have been proposed as potential contributors to the aetiology of PCOS. This review provides a holistic overview of the available data regarding the possible relation of PCOS with BPA exposure. We have included a total number of 24 studies. Eleven human case-control and 13 animal studies provided data regarding this potential relation. Accumulating evidence suggests that a correlation between high levels of BPA and the presence of PCOS may exist. Contradicting results from human and animal studies, however, render it difficult to conclude on the exact role of BPA in the pathogenesis of PCOS. BPA may constitute a consequence of the syndrome rather than a cause, but further research is still needed to clarify this. Continued efforts to study the early origins of PCOS, using prospective-designed studies, are required to identify the exact effect of BPA on women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos S Kechagias
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction and Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anita Semertzidou
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction and Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonios Athanasiou
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction and Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Paraskevaidi
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction and Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Maria Kyrgiou
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction and Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- West London Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Queen Charlotte's & Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Hawthorne C, Simpson DA, Devereux B, López-Campos G. Phexpo: a package for bidirectional enrichment analysis of phenotypes and chemicals. JAMIA Open 2020; 3:173-177. [PMID: 32734156 PMCID: PMC7382647 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypes are the result of the complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors. To better understand the interactions between chemical compounds and human phenotypes, and further exposome research we have developed “phexpo,” a tool to perform and explore bidirectional chemical and phenotype interactions using enrichment analyses. Phexpo utilizes gene annotations from 2 curated public repositories, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and the Human Phenotype Ontology. We have applied phexpo in 3 case studies linking: (1) individual chemicals (a drug, warfarin, and an industrial chemical, chloroform) with phenotypes, (2) individual phenotypes (left ventricular dysfunction) with chemicals, and (3) multiple phenotypes (covering polycystic ovary syndrome) with chemicals. The results of these analyses demonstrated successful identification of relevant chemicals or phenotypes supported by bibliographic references. The phexpo R package (https://github.com/GHLCLab/phexpo) provides a new bidirectional analyses approach covering relationships from chemicals to phenotypes and from phenotypes to chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hawthorne
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - David A Simpson
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Barry Devereux
- The Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Guillermo López-Campos
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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31
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Kahn LG, Philippat C, Nakayama SF, Slama R, Trasande L. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: implications for human health. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020; 8:703-718. [PMID: 32707118 PMCID: PMC7437820 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Since reports published in 2015 and 2016 identified 15 probable exposure-outcome associations, there has been an increase in studies in humans of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and a deepened understanding of their effects on human health. In this Series paper, we have reviewed subsequent additions to the literature and identified new exposure-outcome associations with substantial human evidence. Evidence is particularly strong for relations between perfluoroalkyl substances and child and adult obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabetes, reduced birthweight, reduced semen quality, polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis, and breast cancer. Evidence also exists for relations between bisphenols and adult diabetes, reduced semen quality, and polycystic ovarian syndrome; phthalates and prematurity, reduced anogenital distance in boys, childhood obesity, and impaired glucose tolerance; organophosphate pesticides and reduced semen quality; and occupational exposure to pesticides and prostate cancer. Greater evidence has accumulated than was previously identified for cognitive deficits and attention-deficit disorder in children following prenatal exposure to bisphenol A, organophosphate pesticides, and polybrominated flame retardants. Although systematic evaluation is needed of the probability and strength of these exposure-outcome relations, the growing evidence supports urgent action to reduce exposure to EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda G Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Shoji F Nakayama
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, and Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine and New York University School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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Ayeleru OO, Dlova S, Akinribide OJ, Ntuli F, Kupolati WK, Marina PF, Blencowe A, Olubambi PA. Challenges of plastic waste generation and management in sub-Saharan Africa: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 110:24-42. [PMID: 32445915 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the issues of land-based plastics and their associated challenges in the marine world have been widely publicised in the media and scientific literature. Thus far, despite these communications, there have been few reports that have focused on the issues that acute plastic waste generation and its poor management pose to human health and the global environment. Also, articles on ways to mitigate these issues particularly in sub-Saharan Africa have not been documented. Indeed, there is significant scope for improvements in plastic waste management in developing countries, which offer a wide range of economic and environmental benefits. Plastic waste generation in sub-Saharan Africa is dependent on many factors like urbanization, etc. Currently, the population of sub-Saharan Africa is around 1 billion as of the year 2019, the amount of generated waste is 180 million tonnes at the rate of 0.5% per capita per day, the amount that is openly dumped is 70% and the plastic waste generated annually is 17 million tonnes. Therefore, this study aims to provide an overview of the plastic lifecycle and problems associated with plastic waste management in sub-Saharan Africa, including current practices, public participation and opinion, and government regulations. In addition, this highlight aims to outline the impact of plastic waste proliferation on man and the environment; and the economic and environmental benefits of proper plastic waste management. Critical discussion of current processes and the suitability of potential solutions provide the basis for proposition on mitigation measures to avert the negative impact of plastic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola Olaitan Ayeleru
- Centre for Nanoengineering and Tribocorrosion (CNT), University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
| | - Sisanda Dlova
- Centre for Nanoengineering and Tribocorrosion (CNT), University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Ojo Jeremiah Akinribide
- Centre for Nanoengineering and Tribocorrosion (CNT), University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Freeman Ntuli
- Chemical, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology Private Mail Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Williams Kehinde Kupolati
- Department of Civil Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria Campus, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Paula Facal Marina
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, City East Campus, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Anton Blencowe
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, City East Campus, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Peter Apata Olubambi
- Centre for Nanoengineering and Tribocorrosion (CNT), University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
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Can environmental pollutant bisphenol A increase metabolic risk in polycystic ovary syndrome? Clin Chim Acta 2020; 507:257-263. [PMID: 32387634 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA), a widespread industrial substance is recognized as endocrine disrupting chemical and therefore could be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) related metabolic disturbances. PATIENTS In this study 29 women of reproductive age with diagnosed PCOS were enrolled. METHODS BPA in urine samples was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS BPA was detected in urines of 48.28% participants. The waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) was statistically significant higher in PCOS BPA+ in comparison to PCOS BPA- women (p = 0.046). PCOS BPA+ women had 6.88 times (95%Cl 1.3481-35.0600, z = 2.319, p = 0.020) higher risk for waist circumference above 80 cm and 4.95 odds (95%Cl 1.0169-24.096, z = 1.981, p = 0.048) to have WtHR over 0.5 when compared to PCOS BPA-. Statistically significant positive association between BPA urine concentrations and insulin serum levels (p = 0.038) was obtained. BPA urine values were associated with elevated HOMA-IR values and reduced HDL levels with moderate significance (p = 0.079 and p = 0.061, respectively). Also, there was 3.75 times (95%Cl 0.7936-17.7203, z = 1.668, p = 0.095) higher risk for PCOS BPA+ women to have testosterone levels above reference values. CONCLUSION The obtained results suggested that the BPA exposition in PCOS women was followed by increased metabolic risk through promotion of obesity, especially the visceral type, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and elevated androgen levels.
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Endocrine Disruptors in Water and Their Effects on the Reproductive System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061929. [PMID: 32178293 PMCID: PMC7139484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic contaminants in water can impose risks to reproductive health. Most of these compounds are known to be endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs can impact the endocrine system and subsequently impair the development and fertility of non-human animals and humans. The source of chemical contamination in water is diverse, originating from byproducts formed during water disinfection processes, release from industry and livestock activity, or therapeutic drugs released into sewage. This review discusses the occurrence of EDCs in water such as disinfection byproducts, fluorinated compounds, bisphenol A, phthalates, pesticides, and estrogens, and it outlines their adverse reproductive effects in non-human animals and humans.
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Milczarek-Banach J, Rachoń D, Bednarczuk T, Myśliwiec-Czajka K, Wasik A, Miśkiewicz P. Exposure to Bisphenol A Analogs and the Thyroid Function and Volume in Women of Reproductive Age-Cross-Sectional Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:587252. [PMID: 33542704 PMCID: PMC7851079 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.587252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenols (BPs) are commonly known plastifiers that are widely used in industry. The knowledge about the impact of BPs on thyroid function is scarce. Proper thyroid functioning is especially important for women of reproductive age, as hypothyroidism affects fertility, pregnancy outcomes and the offspring. There are no studies analyzing the influence of BPs on thyroid function and volume in non-pregnant young women. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationship between bisphenol A and its 10 analogs (BPS, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPG, BPM, BPP, BPZ, BPFL, and BPBP) on thyroid function and volume in women of reproductive age. Inclusion criteria were: female sex, age 18-40 years. Exclusion criteria were history of any thyroid disease, pharmacotherapy influencing thyroid function, pregnancy or puerperium, and diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease during this study. Venous blood was drawn for measurement of thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, thyroglobulin antibodies, BPs. Urine samples were analyzed for: ioduria and BPs. Ultrasound examination of thyroid gland was performed. One hundred eighty participants were included into the study. A negative correlation was found between urine BPC and the thyroid volume (R = -0.258; p = 0.0005). Patients with detected urine BPC presented smaller thyroid glands than those with not-detected urine BPC (p = 0.0008). A positive correlation was found between TSH and urine BPC (R = 0.228; p = 0.002). Patients with detected urine BPC presented higher concentrations of TSH versus those with not-detected urine BPC (p = 0.003). There were no relationships between any of serum BPs as well as the other urine BPs and thyroid function and its volume. The only BP that demonstrated the relationship between thyroid function and its volume was BPC, probably because of its chemical structure that most resembles thyroxine. Exposure to this BP may result in the development of hypothyroidism that could have a negative impact on pregnancy and the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Rachoń
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bednarczuk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Wasik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Miśkiewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Shah R. Emerging Topics in Cardiometabolic and Psychologic Sequelae, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Review. CHILDREN-BASEL 2019; 6:children6080089. [PMID: 31370287 PMCID: PMC6721393 DOI: 10.3390/children6080089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder, affecting 6–10% of reproductive age women and influences the reproductive, metabolic, dermatologic, and psychiatric health of affected girls and women. Despite its prevalence, the pathogenesis of the disease is largely unknown, and treatment options are limited. Thus, PCOS has been a ripe area for research in recent years, and novel etiologic pathways, diagnostic parameters, and treatment options are being explored. This review focuses on recent data suggesting pathogenic and therapeutic considerations, as well as the psychiatric and metabolic sequelae of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachana Shah
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, 802F Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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