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Effect of Peer Victimization on the Long-Term Mental Health Status among Adults Users of Intellectual Disability Services: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074196. [PMID: 35409878 PMCID: PMC8998512 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Caregiving for mental health among people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) in the ID services was reported as insufficient. The purposes of this study were to investigate five types of peer victimization (PV) experiences among adults with ID using ID services, and to gain a deeper understanding of the influence of PV experience on adults with ID’s long-term mental health status. A one-year longitudinal follow-up study was conducted from eight long-term care ID services (n = 176). Logistic regression analysis was applied to variables comprising personal characteristics, various types of PV experience and polyvictimization to predict period prevalence of psychiatric symptoms. The data indicated that nearly one-third of individuals with ID experienced at least one psychiatric symptom. The three most common psychiatric symptoms prevalent after one year were adjustment disorder, anxiety disorder, and somatoform disorder. Over the 1-year study period, approximately 40% of adults with ID reported experiencing PV. The most frequently reported types of PV were physical force (26%) and verbal victimization (22%). Polyvictimization was experienced by approximately a quarter of adults with ID. The findings suggest that PV is a common experience among adults in ID services. Thus, for a clearer understanding of mental health risks, caregivers should pay attention to adults with ID who experienced PV.
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Borland RL, Cameron LA, Tonge BJ, Gray KM. Effects of physical activity on behaviour and emotional problems, mental health and psychosocial well-being in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2021; 35:399-420. [PMID: 34796601 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review aimed to explore the effects of sport and physical activity on behaviour and emotional problems, mental health and psychosocial well-being of children and adolescents with intellectual disability. METHOD Five databases were searched systematically (ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SportDISCUS and SCOPUS), up to 28 February 2021. Thirty-two studies met criteria for inclusion. RESULTS Studies in this review included case studies (n = 15), treatment trials (n = 14), cross sectional studies (n = 2) and a cohort study (n = 1). Evidence was positive, though high risk of bias in treatment trials (7 of 14 rated high) meant generalisability of results was limited. CONCLUSIONS The available evidence suggests a positive relationship between physical activity and improved behaviour and emotional problems, mental health and psychosocial well-being; however, more robust randomised controlled trials are required to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross L Borland
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren A Cameron
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bruce J Tonge
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Kylie M Gray
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Gormez A, Kurtulmus A, Ince Z, Torun P, Uysal O, Cıtak S. Psychiatric symptoms, challenging behaviour and utilization of psychiatric services among adults with intellectual disabilities in Turkey. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2020; 33:1038-1048. [PMID: 32207206 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and the factors associated with psychiatric symptoms (PS) and challenging behaviour (CB) in adults with intellectual disabilities, and the utilization of psychiatric services in Turkey. METHOD Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disorders Checklist-Revised was used for PS and a structured form for other variables in 771 participants. RESULTS Of the participants, 50.1% had PS and 36.4% presented with CB. Multivariate analysis revealed that a higher level of needs, better verbal ability, residential living, incontinence and CB, and lifetime suicidal ideation/attempt were independently associated with PS. For CB, it emerged as male carer, PS, lifetime suicidal attempt/ideation, lower level of verbal ability and autism spectrum disorder. Barriers were experienced by 64.7% of participants within the previous year. CONCLUSIONS Psychiatric symptoms and CB seem to be problems for a significant proportion of adults with intellectual disabilities in Turkey, and there are certain barriers to psychiatric services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aynur Gormez
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Kurtulmus
- Department of Psychiatry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ince
- Bagcilar Basak Special Education and Rehabilitation Centre, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Perihan Torun
- Department of Public Health, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Uysal
- Department of Statistics, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serhat Cıtak
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Hayward B, Loutaev I, Ding X, Nolin SL, Thurm A, Usdin K, Smith CB. Fragile X syndrome in a male with methylated premutation alleles and no detectable methylated full mutation alleles. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:2132-2137. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Hayward
- Section on Gene Structure and Disease, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular BiologyNational Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
| | - Inna Loutaev
- Section on Neuroadaptation and Protein MetabolismNational Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
| | - Xiaohua Ding
- Molecular Diagnostic LaboratoryNew York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities Staten Island New York
| | - Sarah L. Nolin
- Molecular Diagnostic LaboratoryNew York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities Staten Island New York
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Office of the Clinical DirectorNational Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
| | - Karen Usdin
- Section on Gene Structure and Disease, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular BiologyNational Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
| | - Carolyn B. Smith
- Section on Neuroadaptation and Protein MetabolismNational Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland
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Barisnikov K, Straccia C. Social adaptive skills and psychopathology in adults with intellectual disabilities of non-specific origin and those with Down syndrome. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 87:31-42. [PMID: 30731418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the psychometric proprieties of a new social adaptive skills questionnaire and examine the impact of maladaptive behaviour on social functioning in adults with ID of non-specific aetiology and those with Down syndrome. The results of an exploratory factor analysis led to the exclusion of 20 items out of 48 and yielded a four-factor structure. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis conducted on 28 remaining items confirmed a four-factor structure explaining 43% of the total variance. The results computed on the global sample (n = 567) showed a "very good" internal consistency for the global score (.89) for all four factors with a very good fit (.97). Thus, this new assessment tool presented a good conceptual validity for assessing social-adaptive skills in adults with ID. The results also showed that participants with DS (no = 92) exhibited a higher global score of social adaptive skills on three subscales (sociability, social relating and respect for social rules) compared to adults with ID of non-specific aetiology (no = 328), and presented a lower level of psychopathology problems. Although aetiology was significantly related to these group differences even after controlling for level of ID and chronological age, the general level of psychopathology fully mediated these relations. In conclusion, the regression coefficient analyses showed that the general level of psychopathology fully mediated the relationship between aetiology and social adaptive skills. A combined assessment of these dimensions should provide information about their predictive value for social functioning in ID adults and target specific remediation goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koviljka Barisnikov
- Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Claudio Straccia
- Child Clinical Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Special Education, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
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Hamers PCM, van Ool JS, Festen DAM, Hendriksen JGM, Bindels PJE, Hermans H. Reliability and validity of the Dutch Anxiety, Depression And Mood Scale in adults aged <50 years with intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2018; 32:568-574. [PMID: 30460756 PMCID: PMC7379946 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Reliable and valid screening instruments for depression and anxiety are needed for adults with intellectual disabilities. Methods Internal consistency (n = 198), inter‐rater reliability (n = 41), test–retest reliability (n = 37) and criterion validity (n = 43) were studied in adults aged between 18 and 49 years. Internal consistency was also studied in a sample with epilepsy (n = 98). Results Internal consistencies of the Dutch ADAMS total scale and subscales were satisfactory to good (α = 0.76–0.92), as well as in the subgroup with epilepsy (α = 0.74–0.88). Inter‐rater reliability and test–retest reliability were fair to excellent for the total scale (ICC’s: 0.57–0.84) and subscales (ICC’s: 0.43–0.86). The criterion validity of the Dutch ADAMS Depressive Mood subscale was good with a sensitivity of 88% (95% CI: 53%–98%) and a specificity of 80% (95% CI: 64%–90%). Conclusions Our study shows that the Dutch ADAMS is a reliable and valid instrument for adults aged between 18 and 49 years with intellectual disabilities (and comorbid epilepsy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline C M Hamers
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Amarant Group, Healthcare Organization for People with Intellectual Disabilities, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Jans S van Ool
- Department of Residential Care, Kempenhaeghe Epilepsy Center, Heeze, The Netherlands
| | - Dederieke A M Festen
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos G M Hendriksen
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Kempenhaeghe Epilepsy Center, Heeze, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurological Learning Disabilities, Kempenhaeghe Epilepsy Center, Heeze, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick J E Bindels
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi Hermans
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Amarant Group, Healthcare Organization for People with Intellectual Disabilities, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Flynn S, Vereenooghe L, Hastings RP, Adams D, Cooper SA, Gore N, Hatton C, Hood K, Jahoda A, Langdon PE, McNamara R, Oliver C, Roy A, Totsika V, Waite J. Measurement tools for mental health problems and mental well-being in people with severe or profound intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2017; 57:32-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chiu YL, Kao S, Tou SW, Lin FG. Effect of personal characteristics, victimization types, and family- and school-related factors on psychological distress in adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Psychiatry Res 2017; 248:48-55. [PMID: 28006715 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bullying victimization among adolescents with intellectual disabilities and the influence of victimization experience on their mental health in Taiwan. Data on 706 adolescents from the 2011 Special Needs Education Longitudinal Study were analyzed. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to variables comprising 7 items of psychological distress, 4 types of bullying victimization, and family-, school-, and peer-related factors. Approximately 70% of the survey respondents had experienced at least one type of victimization, and 44% of them had experienced at least two types of victimization. Exclusion (50%) and verbal bullying (70%) were the most commonly reported types. In addition, exclusion and verbal bullying were found to be significantly associated with psychological distress in these adolescents. Our findings suggest that victimization is a common experience among adolescents with disabilities, and a notable risk factor for the psychological well-being of adolescents with intellectual disabilities. However, a good relationship with parents and peers can relieve psychological distress and its effect on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lung Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Min-Chun E. Rd., Section 6, Taipei 114, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Min-Chun E. Rd., Section 6, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Senyeong Kao
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Min-Chun E. Rd., Section 6, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Shao-Wen Tou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Min-Chun E. Rd., Section 6, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Gong Lin
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, No. 161, Min-Chun E. Rd., Section 6, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
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Manohar H, Subramanian K, Kandasamy P, Penchilaiya V, Arun A. Diagnostic Masking and Overshadowing in Intellectual Disability-How Structured Evaluation Helps. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2016; 29:171-176. [PMID: 27901303 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Comorbid psychiatric diagnoses tend to be underdiagnosed in patients with intellectual disability. Diagnosing anxiety disorders in such patients can pose challenges, in particular with regard to obsessive and compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS We present the case of an adolescent diagnosed with intellectual disability with poor expressive language skills who presented with nonspecific mood and behavioral symptoms, not improving with routine clinical evaluations and treatment. A structured assessment was done to decipher the psychopathology. FINDINGS The structured evaluation was able to diagnose OCD, and the treatment response was accentuated, bringing about a significant reduction in patient and caregiver distress. Psychosocial interventions through nurses played a significant role. CONCLUSIONS The case highlights the need for a systematic assessment of patients with intellectual disability to arrive at reliable diagnoses and to plan appropriate treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Manohar
- Harshini Manohar, MBBS, is a Junior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Karthick Subramanian
- Karthick Subramanian, MD, is a Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Preeti Kandasamy
- Preeti Kandasamy, DM (Child & Adolescent Psychiatry), is an Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Venkatalakshmi Penchilaiya
- Venkatalakshmi Penchilaiya, MBBS, is a Junior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Anandbabu Arun
- Anandbabu Arun, MD, is a Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Fevang SKE, Hysing M, Markestad T, Sommerfelt K. Mental Health in Children Born Extremely Preterm Without Severe Neurodevelopmental Disabilities. Pediatrics 2016; 137:peds.2015-3002. [PMID: 26944946 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-3002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and gender characteristics of mental health problems in extremely preterm/extremely low birth weight (EP/ELBW) children without intellectual disabilities, blindness, deafness, or severe cerebral palsy compared with a reference group at 11 years of age. METHODS In a national cohort of EP/ELBW children, mental health was assessed by parental and teacher report by using the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire, the Swanson, Noland, and Pelham Questionnaire IV (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and a total difficulties score from the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Pervasive rating was defined as both parent and teacher scoring the child ≥95th percentile (≥90th percentile for total difficulties score) of the reference group, which was the population-based Bergen Child Study. RESULTS Of eligible children, 216 (64%) EP/ELBW and 1882 (61%) reference children participated. EP/ELBW children were at significantly increased risk of pervasive rated symptoms of autism (odds ratio 4.3, 95% confidence interval 2.0-9.3), inattention (8.3, 4.4-15), anxiety (2.3, 1.4-3.7), OCD (2.6, 1.4-3.7), and ≥90th percentile for total difficulties score (4.9, 2.9-8.2). Reported by either parents or teachers, 54% of the EP/ELBW and 21% of the reference children had ≥1 mental health problem (odds ratio 4.5, 95% confidence interval 3.3-6.1). There were no significant interactions between EP/ELBW and gender in mental health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS EP/ELBW children without severe disabilities had increased risk of symptoms of autism, inattention, anxiety, and OCD. Gender differences were comparable to the reference group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Katrine Elgen Fevang
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and
| | - Mari Hysing
- Uni Research Health, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Bergen, Norway
| | - Trond Markestad
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and
| | - Kristian Sommerfelt
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; and
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Willems A, Embregts P, Hendriks L, Bosman A. Towards a framework in interaction training for staff working with clients with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2016; 60:134-148. [PMID: 26708920 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Training support staff in dealing with challenging behaviour in clients with intellectual disabilities (ID) is needed. The goal of this study is to determine which elements need to be incorporated in a training on staff interactions with these clients, building upon a framework and an interpersonal model. As in functional analysis, this study tests the influence of client interpersonal behaviour, three types of staff reactions to challenging behaviour, two types of staff psychological resources and staff team climate on four styles of staff interpersonal behaviour. METHOD A total of 318 support staff members completed a questionnaire on staff interpersonal behaviour for 44 clients with ID and challenging behaviour, as well as seven questionnaires on client interpersonal behaviour, staff emotions, attributions, self-efficacy, self-reflection, coping styles and team climate. The influence of these seven factors on four staff interpersonal behaviours was examined using multilevel multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Friendly-warm and dominant client interpersonal behaviour had a significant positive impact on friendly and assertive control staff behaviour, respectively. Also, there was a strong influence of staff negative and positive emotions, as well as their self-efficacy, on most of the staff interpersonal behaviours. Staff self-reflection, insight and avoidance-focused coping style had an impact on some staff interpersonal behaviours. Staff team climate only predicted higher support-seeking staff behaviour. CONCLUSIONS In conducting a functional analysis of staff interpersonal behaviour, the results of this study can be used both as a framework in staff-client interaction training and in clinical practice for treating challenging behaviour. The emphasis in training and practice should not only be on the bidirectional dynamics of control and affiliation between staff and clients, but also - in order of importance - on the impact of staff emotions, self-efficacy, self-reflection and insight, coping style, team climate and attributions on staff interpersonal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Willems
- MFCG-Limburg, Koraal Groep, Heel, The Netherlands
| | - P Embregts
- Department of Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Dichterbij Innovation and Science, Gennep, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - L Hendriks
- Department of Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Bosman
- Behavioural Science Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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14
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García-Villamisar D, Rojahn J. Comorbid psychopathology and stress mediate the relationship between autistic traits and repetitive behaviours in adults with autism. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2015; 59:116-24. [PMID: 23919538 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comorbid psychopathology and stress were considered possible mediators that may explain the relationship between some autistic traits and repetitive behaviours. The current study sought to examine the mediational effects of comorbid psychopathology, executive dysfunctions and stress in the relationship between some autistic traits and repetitive behaviours. METHOD A battery of questionnaires including measures of autistic traits, repetitive behaviours, stress, executive dysfunctions and comorbid psychopathology were administered to a sample of adults with autism and intellectual disabilities (n = 43). RESULTS We found that when taken as set dimensions of comorbidity, dysexecutive functioning and stress mediated or explained the effects of autistic symptoms on repetitive behaviour. The total model explained 60% of the variation in repetitive behaviours (R = 0.60; F = 13.64, P < 0.001). The results are discussed in the light of pertinent previous research and their clinical implications, and suggestions for future research are provided. CONCLUSIONS According to the investigated model, increased levels of comorbid psychopathology and stress explained the relationships between repetitive/restrictive behaviours and autistic traits in adults with autism, while executive functioning did not contribute to that relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- D García-Villamisar
- Department of Personality and Clinical Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Belva BC, Matson JL. Examining the psychometrics of the Psychopathology Inventory for Mentally Retarded Adults-II for individuals with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 36C:291-302. [PMID: 25462489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
With growing recognition of the occurrence of psychological disorders in individuals with intellectual disability (ID), researchers and clinicians alike have placed emphasis on developing measures to assess for psychopathologies in this population. Despite an increased interest in the topic, there is still a dearth of psychometrically robust measures available to assess for psychopathology in adults with mild and moderate ID. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a revised measure for psychopathology in individuals with mild and moderate ID, the Psychopathology Inventory for Mentally Retarded Adults - second edition (PIMRA-II). Internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and test-retest reliability were investigated. Validity was studied via convergent validity by comparing the PIMRA-II to the Assessment of Dual Diagnosis (ADD) and via discriminate validity by comparing the PIMRA-II to the Social Performance Survey Schedule (SPSS) prosocial scores. Lastly, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the factor structure of the scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Belva
- Louisiana State University, 2124 Cheshire Bridge Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30324, United States.
| | - Johnny L Matson
- Louisiana State University, 236 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
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Reardon TC, Gray KM, Melvin GA. Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: Prevalence and assessment. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 36C:175-190. [PMID: 25462478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Children and adolescents with intellectual disability are known to experience mental health disorders, but anxiety disorders in this population have received relatively little attention. Firstly, this paper provides a review of published studies reporting prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with intellectual disability. Secondly, the paper reviews measures of anxiety that have been evaluated in children/adolescents with intellectual disability, and details the associated psychometric properties. Seven studies reporting prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in this population were identified, with reported rates varying from 3% to 22%. Two-one studies evaluating a measure of anxiety in a sample of children/adolescents with intellectual disability were identified. While these studies indicate that several measures show promise, further evaluation studies are needed; particularly those that evaluate the capacity of measures to screen for anxiety disorders, not only measure symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa C Reardon
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - Kylie M Gray
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Australia.
| | - Glenn A Melvin
- Centre for Developmental Psychiatry and Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Australia
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Vargas-Vargas C, Rafanell A, Montalvo D, Estarlich M, Pomarol-Clotet E, Sarró S. Validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the diagnostic assessment for the severely handicapped (DASH-II). RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 36C:537-542. [PMID: 25462514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The DASH-II scale is a specific instrument for measuring psychopathological symptoms in people with severe and profound intellectual disability (ID). The aim of the study is the validation of the Spanish version, evaluating its reliability and validity. At the same time we examine the prevalence of mental disorders in our sample. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two reviewers independently passed the Spanish version of the DASH-II (DASH-II-S) to 83 users to establish inter-rater reliability. To assess inter-rater reliability or test-retest reliability, fifty participants were reassessed by the same rater within 7 days. RESULTS DASH-II-S showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.879) and good reliability, both intra and inter-rater reliability. The prevalence of psychopathology in the sample is 94%, and the use of psychotropic drugs is also high, with 61.4% receiving one or more antipsychotics. CONCLUSIONS DASH-II-S is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used for the assessment of psychopathology in people with ID. The translated version retains the psychometric properties of the original English version. Moreover, the high prevalence of mental disorders in this population may explain the widespread use of psychotropic drugs, but it forces us to continuous reassessment and justification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Vargas-Vargas
- Benito Menni Complex Assistencial en Salut Mental, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Anna Rafanell
- Centre Psicopedagògic Mare de Déu de Montserrat, Caldes de Malavella, Spain
| | - Dúnia Montalvo
- Benito Menni Complex Assistencial en Salut Mental, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Montse Estarlich
- Centre Psicopedagògic Mare de Déu de Montserrat, Caldes de Malavella, Spain
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Sarró
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
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Matson JL, Williams LW. The making of a field: the development of comorbid psychopathology research for persons with intellectual disabilities and autism. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2014; 35:234-238. [PMID: 24269230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge in the area of developmental disabilities has been expanding rapidly. One area that has received particular attention is the topic of related comorbid conditions. This phenomenon is not exclusive to the field of developmental disabilities. However, research with this population is of recent origin. The purpose of this paper is to review the origins of this field including some of the notable developments and potential future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny L Matson
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 236 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
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Zeilinger EL, Stiehl KAM, Weber G. A systematic review on assessment instruments for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2013; 34:3962-3977. [PMID: 24025441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM This work describes an extensive systematic literature review on assessment instruments for dementia in persons with intellectual disability (ID). Existing instruments for the detection of dementia in persons with ID were collected and described systematically. This allows a direct and quick overview of available tools. Additionally, it contributes to the availability and usability of information about these instruments, thus enhancing further developments in this field. METHODS A systematic literature search in five databases (CINAHL, PsycInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) was conducted. In order to include gray literature an invisible college approach was used. Relevant studies were identified and selected using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the selection process all instruments were coded and classified. It was determined which concepts they assess, whether they were especially developed or adapted for persons with ID, and whether they were designed to assess dementia. The selection of relevant papers, as well as the coding of instruments was done independently by two researchers. RESULTS In total, 97 records met the search criteria. Out of these, 114 different instruments were extracted. There were 79 instruments to be completed by the person with ID, and 35 informant-based instruments. Additionally, four test batteries were found. Some of these instruments were neither designed for the assessment of dementia, nor for persons with ID. CONCLUSIONS There are a variety of different tools used for the assessment of dementia in ID. Nevertheless, an agreed-upon approach or instrument is missing. Establishing this would improve the quality of assessment in clinical practice, and benefit research. Data collected would become comparable and combinable, and allow research to have more informative value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth L Zeilinger
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Liebiggasse 5, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
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Belva BC, Matson JL. An examination of specific daily living skills deficits in adults with profound intellectual disabilities. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2013; 34:596-604. [PMID: 23123873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
While some researchers have investigated daily living skills deficits in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) as a whole, research on specific daily living skills in a profound ID population is limited. Two hundred and four adults with profound ID residing in two large developmental centers in the southeast portion of the United States were studied. Data were collected on these individuals' daily living skills, utilizing the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS). Three dependent t-tests were conducted comparing the proportion of items endorsed by informants on each of the three subdomains of daily living skills on the VABS (personal, domestic, and community). A significantly larger proportion of Personal Subdomain items were endorsed compared to Domestic or Community Subdomain items. Additionally, participants exhibited a significantly larger proportion of Domestic Skills Subdomain items compared to Community Skills Subdomain items which is consistent with theoretical models suggesting that institutional living may curb broader community skill sets. No gender differences were found in daily living skills. Lastly, individuals between the ages 30 and 39 exhibited significantly more Personal Subdomain skills than individuals who were 60 or older, while participants between the ages 30 and 39 exhibited significantly more Domestic Subdomain skills than individuals between the ages 60 and 69.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Belva
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
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Matson JL, Turygin NC. How do researchers define self-injurious behavior? RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2012; 33:1021-1026. [PMID: 22502826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Self-injurious behavior is commonly observed among persons with intellectual disabilities. However, a second parallel use of this term is used in the general mental health field for self-mutilation. The authors describe these two disorders and how they differ. Characteristics of what we refer to as repetitive self-injurious behavior among persons with intellectual disabilities and risk factors for these behaviors are discussed. We also describe different assessment/testing methods which aid in defining this phenomenon. The implications of these data for research and clinical practice are discussed.
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