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Menezes M, Burroughs C, Pappagianopoulos J, Sadikova E, Fuhrmann E, Bohac G, Cross R, Witte L, Brinkmann G, Lemley R, Sukhodolsky DG, Mazurek MO. Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of behavioral activation for treatment of depression in autistic adolescents. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2024:13623613241252470. [PMID: 38764234 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241252470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Depression is common among autistic youth and has a significant negative impact on quality of life and day-to-day functioning. Despite great need for efficacious treatments, there are currently limited research-supported interventions for depression symptoms in autistic young people. This study tested a novel, behavior-based approach or psychotherapy for treatment of depression symptoms in autistic adolescents without intellectual disability (i.e. Behavioral Activation for Autistic Adolescents, BA-A) with 15 youth (11-16 years old). BA-A is an individually delivered 12-session therapy that was developed for and to meet the needs of autistic youth with depression. Results found that autistic youth and their caregivers were able to participate in BA-A therapy sessions, and clinicians were able to deliver BA-A in accordance with the treatment manual. Notably, results demonstrated that autistic youth depression symptoms significantly improved after participating in BA-A. Furthermore, anxiety symptoms and social skills significantly improved following BA-A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eleonora Sadikova
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA
- University of Virginia, USA
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2
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Angel L, Ailey SH, Delaney KR, Mohr L. Presentation of Depressive Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorders. West J Nurs Res 2023; 45:854-861. [PMID: 37586013 DOI: 10.1177/01939459231190269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorders are frequently mis- and underdiagnosed in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). OBJECTIVE Our objective was to identify and synthesize current knowledge regarding (1) the presentation of depressive symptoms and (2) the use of self-reports in assessing depressive symptoms in individuals with ASD and comparisons between self-reported and observer-reported symptoms. A scoping review was conducted to capture the full range of literature on the topic and to identify research gaps. METHODS Articles were identified through a search of academic literature and screened for relevance to the aims of the review. RESULTS In addition to typical depression symptoms, individuals with ASD may demonstrate atypical symptoms such as changes in autistic symptoms, self-injurious behavior, and psychomotor changes. Moreover, the review revealed a bias toward observer-reports of symptoms. Self-reports frequently were not included or were ascribed less weight than observer-reports. Self-reports typically differed from reports given by parents or other caregivers, but a consistent pattern in these differences has not been established. CONCLUSIONS Further research on the use of self-reports in assessing depressive symptoms in individuals with ASD is needed. Self-reports may provide information not obtainable through observer-reports, and integrating both self- and observer-reports in psychiatric evaluations may produce more comprehensive and accurate assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Angel
- College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah H Ailey
- Community, Systems, and Mental Health Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen R Delaney
- Community, Systems, and Mental Health Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lynn Mohr
- Women and Children College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
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3
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Stewart TM, Martin K, Fazi M, Oldridge J, Piper A, Rhodes SM. A systematic review of the rates of depression in autistic children and adolescents without intellectual disability. Psychol Psychother 2022; 95:313-344. [PMID: 34605156 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing evidence suggests that major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study is a systematic review of rates of depression in autistic children and adolescents, without intellectual disability. DESIGN Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, a total of 14,557 studies were identified through five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cinahl, ERIC, PsycINFO, and Web of Science). METHODS Articles were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria and 10% double coded at each stage. Nineteen studies met criteria and were retained in the review. RESULT The reported rates of depression in autistic children and adolescents varied from 0% to 83.3%. We discuss these findings in relation to method of report (self/informant, interview/questionnaire), recruitment status (clinical/community recruited), and age (pre-pubertal/adolescent). CONCLUSION Rates of depression vary considerably across studies and do not show a particular pattern in relation to methodology, or age. Our research joins a crucial call to action from the research community for future research to improve the identification of depression in autism, which in turn will aid our understanding of the potentially different characterization and manifestation of depression in autism, to ultimately improve assessment and treatment of depression in autistic children and adolescents. PRACTITIONER POINTS Rates of depression in autistic children and adolescents vary and do not show a particular pattern in relation to methodology or age. Our research joins the call to action from the research community for future research to improve the identification of depression in autistic children and adolescents, which in turn will aid understanding of depression in autism, and ultimately improve assessment and treatment of depression in autistic children and young people. The development of new measures of depression, specifically designed with, and for, children and adolescents with autism, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M Stewart
- Moray House School of Education and Sport, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Jessica Oldridge
- Child Life and Health, Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Allan Piper
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sinead M Rhodes
- Child Life and Health, Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK
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4
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MOCANU GD, GAVRILA UDREA M. The effect of motion games on improving the psychomotor and intellectual performance of children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disabilities. BALNEO AND PRM RESEARCH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2021.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Depressive states and anxiety are common symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The persons with intellectual disabilities show problems related to the development of basic motor skills, having learning problems compared to normal ones, imbalances between the processes of arousal and inhibition, limited motor ability, difficult understanding of language and motor tasks, difficult concentration, mechanical assimilation etc.
Objectives. The study analyzes the effectiveness of structures and motion games, applied in specific activities for children with intellectual disabilities (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
Material and Methods. The research involved an experimental group of 5 children with one of these disabilities or their combination (age 10-11 years), included in a training process at the Ion Teodorescu Special Vocational School in Slobozia / Ialomița / Romania and comparing their results with a control group (6 normal children, with an average age of 10 years), between 20.09.2020-10.03.2021. The assessment of the level of psychomotor and intellectual development was made by the Cutout Test, the Cohs Cube Test (light task configurations) and an Attention Flexibility Test (movement to the corners of the room/field depending on the assigned color, counting successful attempts and mistakes).
Results and discussion. The obtained results confirm the working hypothesis, so the use of the structures and games proposed in the program contributes to a significant improvement of the psychomotor and intellectual performances of students with intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum.
Conclusion. espite all these improvements, they cannot approach or equal the reference values of children without problems, falling into the same age category.
Keywords: psychomotor skills, adapted physical activities, recovery, children, learning disabilities,
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Affiliation(s)
- George-Dănuț MOCANU
- “Dunărea de Jos” University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, 63-65 Gării Street, Galați, Romania
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5
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Emotional Rational Education Training Associated with Mindfulness for Managing Anxiety within Adolescents Affected by High-Functioning Autism: A Descriptive Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:bs11110156. [PMID: 34821617 PMCID: PMC8614903 DOI: 10.3390/bs11110156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a chronic and persistent pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) whose characteristic deficit is represented by social difficulties, semantic–pragmatic alterations and a limited, unusual and repetitive pattern of interests and behaviors. Specifically, individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA) frequently exhibit associated internalizing symptoms that are not part of the diagnostic criteria but which, nonetheless, tend to impair daily functioning. In this study, we investigated how some forms of treatment could be useful in subjects with HFA who display internalizing symptoms. Theoretical background relates to standard cognitive therapy (SCT) and rational education training with mindfulness (M-ERE). Methods: In this study, we investigated how some forms of treatment could be useful in subjects with HFA and internalizing symptoms, focusing on standard cognitive therapy (SCT) and mindfulness associated with emotional rational education training (M-ERE). We selected two groups of HFA patients with significant internalizing symptoms and performed two different forms of treatment for six months: SCT and M-ERE. The aim of the study was to verify the effectiveness of an M-ERE protocol with respect to anxious and depressive symptoms in subjects with HFA. Furthermore, we wanted to compare the results obtained with this combined treatment with those obtained in HFA subjects treated with SCT. Results: Our analyses showed an improvement in the internalizing symptoms (especially those related to the anxiety dimension) of the group that followed a treatment based on mindfulness and rational emotional education for 6 months compared to the group that had instead performed a 6-month treatment based on the SCT. Conclusions: Our hypotheses were supported by the results, which highlighted the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in the treatment of internalizing symptoms in adolescents with HFA, and specifically showed that an M-ERE intervention appears more effective in managing anxiety compared to treatment with SCT and appears to be equally effective in the management of depressive symptoms. Not only was the M-ERE treatment effective for the management of anxious and depressive symptoms in subjects with HFA, but the efficacy for the management of anxious symptoms was greater than the SCT treatment.
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6
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Edirisooriya M, Dykiert D, Auyeung B. IQ and Internalising Symptoms in Adolescents with ASD. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 51:3887-3907. [PMID: 33381856 PMCID: PMC8510967 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04810-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intelligence quotient (IQ), has been found to relate to the presence of internalising symptoms in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This meta-analysis sought to clarify the direction of the relationship between IQ and two prevalent internalising symptoms, anxiety and depression, in adolescents with ASD. Secondly, this study aimed to highlight methodological factors contributing to inconsistent findings in existing research. Self-reported anxiety was found to be significantly higher in youth with a lower IQ, while depression was positively associated with IQ. Consequently, parents, schools and clinicians should be cautious of underestimating anxiety in youth with a lower IQ. However, care should also be taken to ensure adolescents with ASD without intellectual disabilities are not overlooked with regards to social and emotional support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Edirisooriya
- University of Edinburgh, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. .,Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, SE1 7EH, London, England.
| | - Dominika Dykiert
- University of Edinburgh, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.,Anna Freud Centre for Children and Families, The Kantor Centre of Excellence, 4-8 Rodney Street, London, N1 9JH, England
| | - Bonnie Auyeung
- University of Edinburgh, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, Room S30, Psychology Building, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Scotland, UK.,Autism Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
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7
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Tsai CH, Chen KL, Li HJ, Chen KH, Hsu CW, Lu CH, Hsieh KY, Huang CY. The symptoms of autism including social communication deficits and repetitive and restricted behaviors are associated with different emotional and behavioral problems. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20509. [PMID: 33239663 PMCID: PMC7689452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the associations between symptoms of autism and emotional and behavioral problems in children with autism spectrum disorder from both caregivers’ and clinicians’ perspectives. Three main findings were found in our study. First, the association patterns were similar in the preschool and school-aged children. Second, different association patterns were found from caregivers’ and professionals’ perspectives. From the professionals’ perspective, only repetitive behaviors were associated with behavioral problems, while from the caregivers’ perspective, all symptoms of autism were associated with emotional and behavioral problems. Third, different types of symptoms of autism were associated with different types of emotional and behavioral problems. For example, from the professionals’ perspective, restricted and repetitive behaviors were only associated with hyperactivity and inattention. From the caregivers’ perspective, social emotion was associated with emotional symptoms, and other symptoms of autism were associated with hyperactivity and inattention, as well as with peer problems. The results of our study provided deeper understanding of the relationships between symptoms of autism and emotional and behavioral problems, and the findings could serve as a reference for intervention planning when clinicians approach children with autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hong Tsai
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No. 130, Kaisyuan 2nd. Rd., Lingya Dist., Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Kuan-Lin Chen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan City, 701, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, No. 1, University Rd., Tainan City, 701, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Hsing-Jung Li
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No. 130, Kaisyuan 2nd. Rd., Lingya Dist., Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Kuan-Hsu Chen
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No. 130, Kaisyuan 2nd. Rd., Lingya Dist., Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chao-Wei Hsu
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No. 130, Kaisyuan 2nd. Rd., Lingya Dist., Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chun-Hsiung Lu
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No. 130, Kaisyuan 2nd. Rd., Lingya Dist., Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Kuan-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, No. 130, Kaisyuan 2nd. Rd., Lingya Dist., Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chien-Yu Huang
- School of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
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8
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Muratori F, Santocchi E, Calderoni S. Psychiatric assessment. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2020; 174:217-238. [PMID: 32977880 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64148-9.00016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Studies have consistently reported an increased prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity (PC) in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) compared with typically developing controls, with high rates of anxiety disorders in autism spectrum disorders and challenging behaviors in children and adolescent with intellectual disability. Psychiatric assessment in this population should include multiple sources of information, derived from multiple contexts and using multiple methods, with accurate detection of contributing and trigger factors. It is important to focus on detecting change from the child's baseline functioning and to use, when possible, ad hoc instruments for assessing PC in the NDD population. Modifications in the setting and assessment procedures should be scheduled based on the child's age, developmental level, and sensory sensitivities. Simultaneously, validated screening instruments, which dimensionally assess the symptomatology of several NDDs and psychiatric disorders, are warranted to not only assist in the identification of PCs in NDDs but also discriminate among different NDDs. Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5 have had an impact on the diagnosis of several disorders in children and adolescents and, subsequently, on the current diagnostic tools, requiring appropriate and prompt modifications of the available instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Muratori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Santocchi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Calderoni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Relative Frequency of Psychiatric, Neurodevelopmental, and Somatic Symptoms as Reported by Mothers of Children with Autism Compared with ADHD and Typical Samples. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 51:2297-2307. [PMID: 32949313 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
No study has analyzed the relative occurrence of a broad range of symptoms reported by mothers of children with autism, ADHD-Combined, and ADHD-Inattentive and typical controls. Mothers rated 1436 children with autism, 1056 with ADHD without autism, and 186 controls, 2-17 years, on 41 internalizing, externalizing, neurodevelopmental, and somatic problems. Most children with autism had symptoms of ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, and expressive language disorder and almost half had dysgraphia and receptive language disorder. Symptom overlap between autism and ADHD-Combined was high. Clinicians specializing in autism and ADHD must have expertise in evaluating and treating these comorbidities identified as most problematic by mothers in order to relieve family concerns and develop treatment plans relevant to families.
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10
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Horwitz EH, Schoevers RA, Greaves-Lord K, de Bildt A, Hartman CA. Adult Manifestation of Milder Forms of Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autistic and Non-autistic Psychopathology. J Autism Dev Disord 2020; 50:2973-2986. [PMID: 32052317 PMCID: PMC7374470 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-020-04403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We compared the presence of autistic and comorbid psychopathology and functional impairments in young adults who received a clinical diagnosis of Pervasive Developmental Disorders Not Otherwise Specified or Asperger’s Disorder during childhood to that of a referred comparison group. While the Autism Spectrum Disorder group on average scored higher on a dimensional ASD self- and other-report measure than clinical controls, the majority did not exceed the ASD cutoff according to the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Part of the individuals with an ASD diagnosis in their youth no longer show behaviors that underscribe a clinical ASD diagnosis in adulthood, but have subtle difficulties in social functioning and a vulnerability for a range of other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Horwitz
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,University Medical Center Groningen, University Psychiatric Center, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,GGZ Friesland, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
| | - R A Schoevers
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University Medical Center Groningen, University Psychiatric Center, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - A de Bildt
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University Medical Center Groningen, University Psychiatric Center, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C A Hartman
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University Medical Center Groningen, University Psychiatric Center, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Sáez-Suanes GP, Álvarez-Couto M, d’Orey Roquete M. Depressive symptomatology in adults with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: correlates and predictors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 68:131-135. [PMID: 35309703 PMCID: PMC8928827 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2020.1721161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) usually appears associated with other comorbid psychopathology. For this reason, the present research aimed to study the comorbid conditions in ASD paying more attention to depressive symptoms. The investigation included a sample of 37 adults with ASD and intellectual disability (M = 27.49; SD = 9.2), users of various associations of the Community of Madrid. Autistic severity was assessed with the Diagnostic Behavioral Assessment for Autism Spectrum Disorder-Revised (Dibas-R) and comorbidity was assessed through Autism Spectrum Disorders-Comorbidity for Adults (ASD-CA). The results showed a significant correlation between autism symptomatology and general comorbidity. Moreover, autistic symptoms were associated with depressive symptomatology. A hierarchical regression analysis was also conducted; and its data suggested that irritability/behavioral excesses were significant predictors of depression in ASD.
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12
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Shaltout E, Al-Dewik N, Samara M, Morsi H, Khattab A. Psychological Comorbidities in Autism Spectrum Disorder. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 24:163-191. [PMID: 32006360 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30402-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairment in behavior, communication, and social interaction. Thus, accurate identification, regular behavioral and other nonmedical interventions would improve the diagnosis, management, and treatment of this condition.In this chapter, we investigate the importance of diagnosing and identifying comorbid psychiatric disorders that occur with ASD as these conditions can often complicate treatment, and failure to recognize them can result in deficits that can persist into adolescence and adulthood. In addition, we explore the impact of comprehensive psychological intervention in ASD patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders with the ultimate goal of improving overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Shaltout
- Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar.,Department of Psychology, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, UK
| | - Nader Al-Dewik
- Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Pediatrics Department, Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Muthanna Samara
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, UK.
| | - Hisham Morsi
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University London, Kingston upon Thames, UK.,Quality of Life Unit, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
| | - Azhar Khattab
- Qatar Rehabilitation Institute, Pediatric Rehabilitation, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar
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13
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Hartley M, Dorstyn D, Due C. Mindfulness for Children and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Caregivers: A Meta-analysis. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:4306-4319. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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14
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DeFilippis M. Depression in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. CHILDREN-BASEL 2018; 5:children5090112. [PMID: 30134542 PMCID: PMC6162511 DOI: 10.3390/children5090112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has a high rate of psychiatric comorbidity. The prevalence of comorbid depression seems to correlate with higher functioning forms of ASD and increasing age. Adolescence is a time when youth struggle with identity and interpersonal relationships, and a diagnosis of ASD further complicates this process. Adolescents with ASD may be more aware of the social communication deficits that come with the diagnosis than children with ASD, and it is theorized that higher functioning adolescents may experience this more acutely. While this may be true, the lack of reliable rating and diagnostic scales for depression in individuals with ASD makes it difficult to accurately measure rates of depression among individuals with more severe verbal deficits. While some research has focused on the prevalence of comorbid depression in children and adolescents with ASD and on the associated risk factors, there is very little evidence guiding treatment, including no empirical studies on psychopharmacology for depression in this population. Available evidence exists only in psychosocial approaches to treatment at this time and is mostly limited to adult studies. Current evidence will be presented in this review, including prevalence rates of depression in youth with ASD, various risk and protective factors, the use of diagnostic rating scales, and treatment studies. The lack of evidence supporting various treatment approaches will be highlighted, including challenges specific to the treatment of depression in ASD, which are not addressed in the current treatment studies in typically developing youth with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa DeFilippis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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15
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Menezes M, Robinson L, Sanchez MJ, Cook B. Depression in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders: a Systematic Review of Studies Published Between 2012 and 2016. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-018-0146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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16
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Multi-family Psychoeducational Psychotherapy (MF-PEP) for Children with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOTHERAPY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10879-018-9386-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Black KR, Stevenson RA, Segers M, Ncube BL, Sun SZ, Philipp-Muller A, Bebko JM, Barense MD, Ferber S. Linking Anxiety and Insistence on Sameness in Autistic Children: The Role of Sensory Hypersensitivity. J Autism Dev Disord 2018; 47:2459-2470. [PMID: 28540453 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sensory hypersensitivity and insistence on sameness (I/S) are common, co-occurring features of autism, yet the relationship between them is poorly understood. This study assessed the impact of sensory hypersensitivity on the clinical symptoms of specific phobia, separation anxiety, social anxiety and I/S for autistic and typically developing (TD) children. Parents of 79 children completed questionnaires on their child's difficulties related to sensory processing, I/S, and anxiety. Results demonstrated that sensory hypersensitivity mediated 67% of the relationship between symptoms of specific phobia and I/S and 57% of the relationship between separation anxiety and I/S. No relationship was observed between sensory hypersensitivity and social anxiety. These mediation effects of sensory hypersensitivity were found only in autistic children, not in TD children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen R Black
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan A Stevenson
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON, Canada. .,Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada. .,Neuroscience Program, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada. .,Westminster Hall, University of Western Ontario, 361 Windermere Road, London, ON, N6G 2K3, Canada.
| | - Magali Segers
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Busiswe L Ncube
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sol Z Sun
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - James M Bebko
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Morgan D Barense
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susanne Ferber
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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Investigation of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Autistic Traits in an Adolescent Sample with Anorexia Nervosa. J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 47:1051-1061. [PMID: 28120263 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-3023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the presence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in a sample of female adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) during the acute phase of illness. We also compare the level of autistic traits, social perception skills and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in four groups: AN, ASD, and two gender- and age-matched control groups. Of the 30 AN participants, only three scored above the conventional ADOS-2 threshold for ASD. The AN participants were similar to their controls on autistic trait measures, and to the ASD group on obsessive-compulsive measures, and on theory of mind ability and affect recognition measures. Further longitudinal studies are needed in order to determine the association between these conditions.
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19
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van Steensel FJA, Heeman EJ. Anxiety Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2017; 26:1753-1767. [PMID: 28680259 PMCID: PMC5487760 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-017-0687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to meta-analytically examine whether anxiety levels in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are elevated. A total of 83 articles were selected from a systematic literature search and were included in the meta-analyses. Results demonstrated that children with ASD had higher anxiety levels compared to typically developing children, and this difference increased with IQ. Youth with ASD also tended to have higher anxiety levels compared to clinically referred children, and this difference increased with age. Children with ASD had higher anxiety levels compared to youth with externalizing or developmental problems, but not when compared to youth with internalizing problems. The study findings highlight the importance of more research in order to fully understand the nature and development of anxiety in children with ASD. More specifically, the results suggest that especially high-functioning adolescents with ASD may be at risk for developing anxiety disorders. Therefore, it seems important to carefully follow and monitor children with ASD transcending to adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca J. A. van Steensel
- Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Research priority area Yield, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Emma J. Heeman
- De Opvoedpoli B.V., Dorpstraat 145, 2712 AG Zoetermeer, Netherlands
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20
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Helles A, Gillberg IC, Gillberg C, Billstedt E. Asperger syndrome in males over two decades: Quality of life in relation to diagnostic stability and psychiatric comorbidity. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2016; 21:458-469. [DOI: 10.1177/1362361316650090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examined objective quality of life (work, academic success, living situation, relationships, support system) and subjective quality of life (Sense of Coherence and Short-Form Health Survey-36) in an adult sample of males ( n = 50, mean age: 30 years) with Asperger syndrome diagnosed in childhood and followed prospectively over two decades. The association between long-term diagnostic stability of an autism spectrum disorder and/or comorbid psychiatric disorders with quality of life was also examined. The results showed great variability as regards quality of life. The subsample that no longer fulfilled an autism spectrum disorder had full-time jobs or studies (10/11), independent living (100%), and reported having two or more friends (100%). In the stable autism spectrum disorder group, 41% had full-time job or studies, 51% lived independently, and 33% reported two or more friends, and a significant minority had specialized employments, lived with support from the government, or had no friends. Academic success was positively correlated with IQ. A majority of the total group scored average Sense of Coherence scores, and the mean for Short-Form Health Survey-36 was above average regarding psychical health and below average regarding mental health. Stability of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis was associated with objective but not subjective quality of life, while psychiatric comorbidity was associated with subjective but not objective quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Helles
- University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Uppsala University, Sweden
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21
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The Association Between Social Skills and Mental Health in School-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, With and Without Intellectual Disability. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 45:2487-96. [PMID: 25758822 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with social skills deficits and co-occurring mental health difficulties. ASD frequently co-occurs with Intellectual Disability (ID). There is scant literature exploring the association between social skills and mental health in children with ASD, with or without ID. Participants were 292 children aged six to 13 with ASD (217 without ID; 76 with Mild ID). Parents and teachers rated social skills and mental health using standardised questionnaires. Greater mental health difficulties were associated with greater social responsiveness difficulties and poorer social skills across the sample. Effect sizes were large. Social skills explained a significant proportion of the variance in mental health scores across the sample. The study has important implications for treatment and future research.
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22
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Nicholas DB, Zwaigenbaum L, Muskat B, Craig WR, Newton AS, Cohen-Silver J, Sharon RF, Greenblatt A, Kilmer C. Toward Practice Advancement in Emergency Care for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Pediatrics 2016; 137 Suppl 2:S205-11. [PMID: 26908476 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-2851s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is increasing recognition that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience challenges in busy clinical environments such as the emergency department (ED). ASD may heighten adverse responses to sensory input or transitions, which can impose greater difficulty for a child to cope with situational demands. These problems can be amplified in the ED because of its busy and unpredictable nature, wait times, and bodily care. There is little literature documenting ED-based needs of children with ASD to inform clinical guidelines. The objective was to identify stakeholder perspectives in determining clinical priorities and recommendations to guide ED service delivery for children with ASD. METHODS After qualitative interviews with children, parents, and health care providers conducted in a previous phase of this study, focus groups were convened with parents of children with ASD, ED clinicians, and ED administrators (total n = 60). Qualitative data were analyzed based on an interpretive description approach. RESULTS Participants identified the ED and its delivery of care as insufficient to meet the unique needs of children with ASD. The following clinical priorities were identified: ASD-focused preparedness for ED procedures and processes, wait time management, proactive strategies for sedation and restraint, child-focused support, health care provider capacity building, post-ED follow-up resources, and transition planning to adult care. Heightened child- and family-centered care were strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Nicholas
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary (Edmonton Division), Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;
| | - Lonnie Zwaigenbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Barbara Muskat
- Department of Social Work, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - William R Craig
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amanda S Newton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Raphael F Sharon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrea Greenblatt
- Department of Social Work, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Christopher Kilmer
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary (Edmonton Division), Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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23
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Zwaigenbaum L, Nicholas DB, Muskat B, Kilmer C, Newton AS, Craig WR, Ratnapalan S, Cohen-Silver J, Greenblatt A, Roberts W, Sharon R. Perspectives of Health Care Providers Regarding Emergency Department Care of Children and Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 46:1725-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2703-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Postorino V, Fatta LM, De Peppo L, Giovagnoli G, Armando M, Vicari S, Mazzone L. Longitudinal comparison between male and female preschool children with autism spectrum disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 45:2046-55. [PMID: 25633919 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have highlighted a strong male bias in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however few studies have examined gender differences in autism symptoms, and available findings are inconsistent. The aim of the present study is to investigate the longitudinal gender differences in developmental profiles of 30 female and 30 male age-matched preschool children with ASD. All the children underwent a comprehensive evaluation at T0 and at T1. Our results have shown no significant interaction between time and gender for predicting autism symptoms, developmental quotient, parental stress, children's adaptive skills and behavior problems. Shedding light on the developmental trajectories in ASD could help clinicians to recognize children with ASD at an earlier age and contribute to the development of appropriate treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Postorino
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, I.R.C.C.S. Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Piazza S. Onofrio, 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
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25
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Ho NF, Chong JSX, Koh HL, Koukouna E, Lee TS, Fung D, Lim CG, Zhou J. Intrinsic Affective Network Is Impaired in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139018. [PMID: 26406311 PMCID: PMC4583510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficits in impulsivity and affect dysregulation are key features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) besides impairing levels of hyperactivity and/or inattention. However, the neural substrates underlying these traits are relatively under-investigated. In this study, we use resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to test the hypothesis of diminished functional integration within the affective/limbic network (which includes the amygdala, hippocampus, subgenual cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens) of children with ADHD, which is associated with their behavioral measures of emotional control deficits. Resting state-fMRI data were obtained from 12 healthy control subjects and 15 children with ADHD, all who had a minimum one-month washout period for medications and supplements. Children with ADHD demonstrated less integrated affective network, evidenced by increased bilateral amygdalar and decreased left orbitofrontal connectivity within the affective network compared to healthy controls. The hyper-connectivity at the left amygdalar within the affective network was associated with increased aggressiveness and conduct problems, as well as decline in functioning in children with ADHD. Similar findings in affective network dysconnectivity were replicated in a subset of children with ADHD three months later. Our findings of divergent changes in amygdala and orbitofrontal intrinsic connectivity support the hypothesis of an impaired functional integration within the affective network in childhood ADHD. Larger prospective studies of the intrinsic affective network in ADHD are required, which may provide further insight on the biological mechanisms of emotional control deficits observed in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- New-Fei Ho
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanna S. X. Chong
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Li Koh
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eleni Koukouna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tih-Shih Lee
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Fung
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Choon Guan Lim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juan Zhou
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, The Agency for Science, Technology and Research-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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26
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Gillberg IC, Helles A, Billstedt E, Gillberg C. Boys with Asperger Syndrome Grow Up: Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Disorders 20 Years After Initial Diagnosis. J Autism Dev Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Pasciuto E, Borrie SC, Kanellopoulos AK, Santos AR, Cappuyns E, D'Andrea L, Pacini L, Bagni C. Autism Spectrum Disorders: Translating human deficits into mouse behavior. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2015. [PMID: 26220900 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders, with rising incidence but little effective therapeutic intervention available. Currently two main clinical features are described to diagnose ASDs: impaired social interaction and communication, and repetitive behaviors. Much work has focused on understanding underlying causes of ASD by generating animal models of the disease, in the hope of discovering signaling pathways and cellular targets for drug intervention. Here we review how ASD behavioral phenotypes can be modeled in the mouse, the most common animal model currently in use in this field, and discuss examples of genetic mouse models of ASD with behavioral features that recapitulate various symptoms of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pasciuto
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S C Borrie
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A K Kanellopoulos
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A R Santos
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Cappuyns
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L D'Andrea
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Rome, Italy
| | - L Pacini
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Rome, Italy
| | - C Bagni
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium; University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Rome, Italy.
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28
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Sivaratnam CS, Newman LK, Tonge BJ, Rinehart NJ. Attachment and Emotion Processing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Neurobiological, Neuroendocrine, and Neurocognitive Considerations. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-015-0048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Xu W, Fu Z, Wang J, Zhang Y. Relationship between autistic traits and hoarding in a large non-clinical Chinese sample: mediating effect of anxiety and depression. Psychol Rep 2015; 116:23-32. [PMID: 25650639 DOI: 10.2466/15.pr0.116k17w0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Researchers and clinical practitioners have found that hoarding appears in many autism patients and that most of these patients show high anxiety and depression. There is no consensus on the relationship between autistic traits and hoarding, and little research concerning the role of negative emotions. This study investigated the relationship between autistic traits and hoarding in a large non-clinical Chinese sample. Participants were 3,229 university students (M age = 20.5 yr., SD = 1.6; 1,839 men) who were recruited in classroom. They completed measures of hoarding, autistic symptomology, anxiety, and depression: specifically the Saving Inventory-Revised, the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Mediating effects of anxiety and depression in the correlation between autistic traits and hoarding were also explored. There was a weak but significant correlation between autistic traits and hoarding. Significant mediating effects of anxiety and depression were observed. Hoarding in people with high autistic traits could be influenced by anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- 1 Beijing Normal University
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30
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Roubertoux PL, Carlier M, Tordjman S. Deficit in Social Relationships and Reduced Field of Interest in Mice. ORGANISM MODELS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2250-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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31
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Matson JL, Williams LW. Depression and mood disorders among persons with autism spectrum disorders. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2014; 35:2003-7. [PMID: 24864053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) have both risen in prevalence and become a critical area of research in the field of developmental disabilities. As the body of knowledge about ASD has grown, the overlap of ASD with other problems has also become a rapidly emerging area of study. One of the most studied of these topics is comorbid psychopathology, with depression and mood disorders emerging as one of the more troublesome of these co-occurring conditions. A great deal of research is still needed to determine how best to assess and treat these disorders within the context of ASD. This manuscript reviews current trends and topics relative to this area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny L Matson
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
| | - Lindsey W Williams
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
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32
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Abstract
Although recent studies have shown that catatonia can occur in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), the overlap of the behavioral features between these disorders raises many diagnostic challenges. In fact, in clinical practice it is common to misinterpret catatonic symptoms, including mutism, stereotypic speech, repetitive behaviors, echolalia, posturing, mannerisms, purposeless agitation and rigidity, as features of ASDs. The current medical treatment algorithm for catatonia in ASDs recommends the use of benzodiazepines. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is indicated when patients are unresponsive, or insufficiently responsive, to benzodiazepines. Other pharmacological options are also described for the treatment of catatonic patients resistant to benzodiazepines and ECT, and there is evidence for the effectiveness of a psychological treatment, co-occurring with medical treatments, in order to support the management of these patients. In this article we provide a summary of studies exploring catatonia in ASDs and our clinical experience in the management and treatment of this syndrome through the presentation of three brief case studies. Moreover, we review the mechanisms underlying symptoms of catatonia in ASDs, as well as the diagnostic challenges, providing an outline for the management and treatment of this syndrome in this clinical population.
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