1
|
Chardon M, Barbieri FA, Petit P, Vuillerme N. Reliability of Obstacle-Crossing Parameters during Overground Walking in Young Adults. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3387. [PMID: 38894176 PMCID: PMC11174552 DOI: 10.3390/s24113387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the intra-session relative and absolute reliability of obstacle-crossing parameters during overground walking in young adults, and to determine the number of trials required to ensure reliable assessment. We analysed data from 43 young male adults who were instructed to walk at a self-selected velocity on a pathway and to step over an obstacle (height = 15 cm; width = 80 cm, thickness = 2 cm) three times. Spatial-temporal gait parameters of the approaching and crossing phases (i.e., before and after the obstacle) and obstacle clearance parameters (i.e., vertical and horizontal distance between the foot and the obstacle during crossing) were computed using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to compute the relative reliability, while standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change were used to assess the absolute reliability for all possible combinations between trials. Results showed that most spatial-temporal gait parameters and obstacle clearance parameters are reliable using the average of three trials. However, the mean of the second and third trials ensures the best relative and absolute reliabilities of most obstacle-crossing parameters. Further works are needed to generalize these results in more realistic conditions and in other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Chardon
- AGEIS (Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-Santé, Imagerie et Société), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (M.C.); (P.P.)
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Augusto Barbieri
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Pascal Petit
- AGEIS (Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-Santé, Imagerie et Société), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (M.C.); (P.P.)
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- AGEIS (Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-Santé, Imagerie et Société), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (M.C.); (P.P.)
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bossavit B, Arnedillo-Sánchez I. Motion-based technology to support motor skills screening in developing children: A scoping review. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 240:107715. [PMID: 37517185 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquiring motor skills is fundamental for children's development since it is linked to cognitive development. However, access to early detection of motor development delays is limited. AIM This review explores the use and potential of motion-based technology (MBT) as a complement to support and increase access to motor screening in developing children. METHODS Six databases were searched following the PRISMA guidelines to search, select, and assess relevant works where MBT recognised the execution of children's motor skills. RESULTS 164 studies were analysed to understand the type of MBT used, the motor skills detected, the purpose of using MBT and the age group targeted. CONCLUSIONS There is a gap in the literature aiming to integrate MBT in motor skills development screening and assessment processes. Depth sensors are the prevailing technology offering the largest detection range for children from age 2. Nonetheless, the motor skills detected by MBT represent about half of the motor skills usually observed to screen and assess motor development. Overall, research in this field is underexplored. The use of multimodal approaches, combining various motion-based sensors, may support professionals in the health domain and increase access to early detection programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Bossavit
- School of Computer Science & Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; School of Computer Science & Programming Languages, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chardon M, Barbieri FA, Penedo T, Santos PCR, Vuillerme N. A Systematic Review of the Influence of Overweight and Obesity across the Lifespan on Obstacle Crossing during Walking. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5931. [PMID: 37297535 PMCID: PMC10252433 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20115931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to systematically review and summarize the available data regarding the influence of overweight and obesity across the lifespan on obstacle crossing during walking. Four databases were systematically searched with no limitation on publication date following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and PRISMA guidelines. Only full-text English-language articles published in a peer-reviewed journal were eligible. They had to compare obstacle crossing during walking by overweight or obese individuals with individuals of normal body weight. Five studies were considered eligible. All the studies assessed kinematics; only one assessed kinetics, but none investigated muscle activity or obstacle contact. Compared to normal individuals crossing obstacles, overweight or obese individuals exhibited lower velocity, shorter step length, lower cadence, and less time spent in single-limb support. They also exhibited increased step width, more time spent in double support, and greater trailing leg ground force reaction and centre of mass acceleration. Overall, the small number of included studies did not allow us to draw any conclusions. However, being overweight or obese seems to have a potentially negative influence on the kinematics of gait parameters due to a tendency to trip, fall, and suffer severe fall-related injuries when negotiating obstacles on foot in real-life environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Chardon
- Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-santé, Imagerie et Société (AGEIS), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38400 Grenoble, France
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru 15782, Brazil
| | - Fabio A. Barbieri
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru 15782, Brazil
| | - Tiago Penedo
- Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-santé, Imagerie et Société (AGEIS), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38400 Grenoble, France
- Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru 15782, Brazil
| | - Paulo C. R. Santos
- Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-santé, Imagerie et Société (AGEIS), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38400 Grenoble, France
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7632706, Israel
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- Autonomie, Gérontologie, E-santé, Imagerie et Société (AGEIS), Université Grenoble Alpes, 38400 Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Laatar R, Kachouri H, Borji R, Ben Waer F, Rebai H, Sahli S. Dual-task affects postural balance performance in children with intellectual disability. Somatosens Mot Res 2023; 40:33-38. [PMID: 36524595 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2022.2157389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dual-task designs have been used to study the degree of automatic and controlled processing involved in postural balance. The aim of the present study was to explore postural balance performance during dual-task condition in children with intellectual disability compared to those with typical development. METHODS Fifteen children with intellectual disability aged from 7 to 12 years old and fifteen age-matched children with typical development participated in this study. Participants were asked to maintain static balance on a force platform during a baseline condition (single task) and while performing the Picture Recognition Memory Test (dual-task condition). RESULTS The results showed that dual-task similarly affects postural performance of both typically developing children and those with intellectual disability (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Children with intellectual disability and children with typical development have difficulties in maintaining their balance when carrying out a concurrent cognitive task. Intellectual disability did not lead to a more strongly compromised balance performance in dual-task situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabeb Laatar
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hiba Kachouri
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rihab Borji
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ben Waer
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Haithem Rebai
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Sahli
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fernandes AC, Viegas ÂA, Lacerda ACR, Nobre JNP, Morais RLDS, Figueiredo PHS, Costa HS, Camargos ACR, Ferreira FDO, de Freitas PM, Santos T, da Silva Júnior FA, Bernardo-Filho M, Taiar R, Sartorio A, Mendonça VA. Association between executive functions and gross motor skills in overweight/obese and eutrophic preschoolers: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:498. [PMID: 35999515 PMCID: PMC9400322 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preschool age (3-5 years old) is a crucial period for children to acquire gross motor skills and develop executive functions (EFs). However, the association between the qualitative gross motor skills and EFs remains unknown in preschoolers, especially among overweight and obese children. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, exploratory, and quantitative study carried out on 49 preschool children, divided into two subgroups according to their body mass index (overweight/obese: 24; eutrophic [normal weight]: 25). The mean age was 4.59 years. More than half of the sample were boys (55%) and most of the mothers had completed high school (67%) and were class C socioeconomic level (63%). Gross motor skills were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2, while EFs were evaluated using Semantic verbal fluency (SVF), Tower of Hanoi (TH), Day/Night Stroop, and Delayed Gratification tests. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for sex, age, maternal education, socioeconomic status, quality of the home environment, and quality of the school environment using the stepwise method were executed, considering the cognitive tasks as independent variables and gross motor skills as dependent variable. RESULTS The overweight/obese preschoolers showed worse locomotor skills than their eutrophic peers and below average gross motor quotient (GMQ). Overweight/obese girls performed worse in OC skills than boys with excess weight. SVF (number of errors) and TH (rule breaks) explained 57.8% of the variance in object control (OC) skills and 40.5% of the variance in GMQ (p < .05) in the overweight/obese children. Surprisingly, there was no significant association between any of the EF tasks and gross motor skills in the eutrophic children. CONCLUSION A relationship between EF tasks (number of errors in SVF and rule breaks in TH) and gross motor skills (OC and GMQ) was demonstrated in the overweight/obese preschoolers, indicating that worse cognitive flexibility, working memory, planning, and problem solving are associated with worse gross motor skills in this population when compared to eutrophic children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cristina Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
| | - Ângela Alves Viegas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nogueira Pontes Nobre
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosane Luzia De Souza Morais
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Saúde, Sociedade e Ambiente (PPGSaSA), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Scheidt Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
- Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Henrique Silveira Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil
- Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Resende Camargos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Martins de Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia da Saúde (PPGPSI), Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Thiago Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fidelis Antônio da Silva Júnior
- Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mário Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas - LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Redha Taiar
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, MATIM, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Auxology and Metabolic Diseases & Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional (PPGReab), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK - Rodovia MGT - 367 - Km 583, N°. 5000 - Alto da Jacuba / ZIP, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, 39100-000, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGMCF), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Centro Integrado de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Saúde (CIPq saúde), Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chardon M, Barbieri FA, Penedo T, Santos PCR, Vuillerme N. The Effects of Overweight and Obesity on Obstacle Crossing During Walking: Protocol for a Systematic Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e36234. [PMID: 35594080 PMCID: PMC9166666 DOI: 10.2196/36234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity are significant global health concerns that involve deficits in gait and balance that affect daily activities. Although much is reported about the effect of overweight and obesity on gait during unobstructed walking, not much is known about how overweight and obesity could impact gait under more challenging conditions, such as environments with obstacles. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to systematically review and synthesize the available data regarding the effects of overweight and obesity on obstacle crossing during walking. METHODS This review will follow the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus will be systematically searched with no limitations on publication date. Only full-text English-language articles published in a peer-reviewed journal will be included. Included articles must have compared obstacle crossing during walking in individuals with overweight or obesity to individuals of normal body weight. A total of 2 independent reviewers will select the articles and extract the following 4 sets of data: (1) study characteristics, (2) sample description, (3) obstacle crossing task protocol, and (4) main results obtained. If a considerable number of homogeneous papers are included, a meta-analysis will be conducted. A preliminary search was conducted in November 2021. RESULTS The results will include the article selection flowchart as well as tables and figures synthesizing the extracted data on the effects of overweight and obesity on obstacle crossing during walking. The preliminary search identified 73 original records, of which 5 articles met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSIONS This review will present researchers and clinicians with an overview of published studies that have compared the performance of obstacle crossing for individuals with overweight and obesity to those of normal body weight. Gaining insight into the control strategies adopted by individuals with overweight and obesity is critical for safe and successful obstacle crossing in this population. We therefore believe that our findings could be useful for identifying people at risk of falls and developing and implementing fall prevention programs for individuals with overweight and obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021269949; https://tinyurl.com/3yrwccu4. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/36234.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Chardon
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Human Movement Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Education. School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Fabio Augusto Barbieri
- Human Movement Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Education. School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Tiago Penedo
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Human Movement Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Education. School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cezar Rocha Santos
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
There Is an Inverse Correlation between Basic Motor Skills and Overweight in Schoolchildren Aged 8 to 12. CHILDREN 2021; 8:children8121198. [PMID: 34943394 PMCID: PMC8700602 DOI: 10.3390/children8121198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the last three decades, childhood obesity has become a 21st century epidemic, a product of social development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the repercussions that overweight and obesity have for the basic motor skills of a group of children in primary school, as well as their interrelations. We analyzed a sample of 287 students from Spain, aged between 8 and 12 years. Anthropometric data were taken to determine their Body Mass Index (BMI). A scale of assessment of basic motor skills was used to evaluate their motor skills. The BMI data revealed that 11% of this sample was considered obese, and 26% was overweight. Children showed higher competence in locomotor skills than in object control and turn and rolling skills, for which motor competence levels were lower. Likewise, there was an inverse relationship between BMI and basic motor skills; children with obesity had the lowest levels of motor skills, and there was a significant difference regarding non-obese children (p ≤ 0.05). These results showed that overweight and obese children have lower basic motor skills, which can lead to the abandonment of physical activity and the preference for other activities that reinforce a sedentary lifestyle.
Collapse
|
8
|
Gill SV, Ayoub MJ, Mueser KT, McGurk SR. Motor Skill, Motor Planning, and Motor Performance in Adults with Severe Mental Illnesses and Obesity. J Mot Behav 2021; 54:447-456. [PMID: 34866555 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2021.2010640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Motor functioning in persons with serious mental illness (SMI) is not well studied. We assessed motor functioning in people with SMI (n = 15) vs. adults with obesity (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 15). Motor skills were assessed using balance and coordination tests. Motor planning and performance were assessed in Obstacle and Metronome Walking Tasks. The SMI group scored lower on balance and coordination tests (all ps < 0.001), and took longer steps when approaching obstacles (all ps < 0.001), but had unimpaired motor performance on the Metronome Walking Task. In obesity, excess body mass impairs motor skills, which adversely impacts motor performance. In persons with SMI, motor performance was unimpaired, with cognitive and neuroanatomical abnormalities likely underlying balance, coordination, and motor skill challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone V Gill
- Departments of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria J Ayoub
- Departments of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kim T Mueser
- Departments of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan R McGurk
- Departments of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Effects of Obesity on Adaptation Transfer from Treadmill to Over-Ground Walking. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Discerning whether individuals with obesity transfer walking adaptation from treadmill to over-ground walking is critical to advancing our understanding of walking adaptation and its usefulness in rehabilitating obese populations. We examined whether the aftereffects following split-belt treadmill adaptation transferred to over-ground walking in adults with normal-weight body mass index (BMI) and obese BMI. Nineteen young adults with obesity and 19 age-matched adults with normal weight walked on flat ground at their preferred speed before and after walking on a treadmill with tied belts (preferred speed) and with the split-belt at their preferred speed and at a speed 50% slower than their preferred speed. The adaptation and aftereffects in step length and double-limb support time symmetry were calculated. We found that the amount of temporal adaptation was similar for adults with obesity and with normal weight (p > 0.05). However, adults with obesity showed greater asymmetry for double-limb support time following split-belt treadmill walking compared to adults with normal weight (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the transfer of asymmetry for double-limb support time from the treadmill to over-ground walking was less in adults with obesity than in adults with normal weight (p < 0.05). The transfer of adapted gait following split-belt treadmill walking provides insight into how atypical walking patterns in individuals with obesity could be remediated using long-term gait training.
Collapse
|
10
|
Gill SV, Abplanalp SJ, Keegan L, Fulford D. Effort-Based Decision-Making and Gross Motor Performance: Are They Linked? Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10060347. [PMID: 32512760 PMCID: PMC7349528 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10060347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between effort-based decision making and gross motor performance. Effort-based decision making was measured using a modified version of the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT), in which participants pressed a button on a keyboard to fill a bar on a screen for monetary reward. Participants received monetary rewards that were commensurate with the level of effort that they were willing to expend. Gross motor performance was measured with a walking task, in which participants matched their steps to the beat of an audio metronome; they walked to metronome beats that were slower and also faster than their normal walking pace. We hypothesized that increased effort during the effort-based decision making task would be paired with an increase in steps taken per minute during the gross motor task. However, the results of this study indicated a lack of a statistically significant relationship between the effort-based decision making task and the gross motor task. Planning rather than decision-making may have been the cognitive construct that governed our gross motor task. These findings can be beneficial when thinking about potential interventions for populations who experience deficits in motor performance and cognition as well as for understanding the relationship between both cognitive and motor performance in healthy adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone V. Gill
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (S.J.A.); (L.K.); (D.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Psychology & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(617)-353-7513
| | - Samuel J. Abplanalp
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (S.J.A.); (L.K.); (D.F.)
| | - Laura Keegan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (S.J.A.); (L.K.); (D.F.)
| | - Daniel Fulford
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (S.J.A.); (L.K.); (D.F.)
- Department of Psychology & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bonney E, Ferguson G, Burgess T, Smits-Engelsman B. Benefits of Activity-Based Interventions Among Female Adolescents Who Are Overweight and Obese. Pediatr Phys Ther 2019; 31:338-345. [PMID: 31568378 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000000636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 2 activity-based motor interventions among female adolescents who are overweight and obese. METHODS This study was conducted in a low-income community of Cape Town, South Africa. The study involved 52 participants classified as overweight and obese. Participants were randomly assigned to task-oriented functional training or Wii Fit intervention. Both interventions were 45 minutes of active training once a week for 14 weeks. Outcome measures included aerobic fitness, motor coordination, and self-efficacy. Data were collected before and after the interventions. RESULTS Participants in both groups demonstrated significant improvement in aerobic fitness and motor coordination but not self-efficacy. However, no between-group differences were observed on any of the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Activity-based interventions may improve aerobic fitness and motor coordination in female adolescents who are overweight and obese and may also help prevent declines in physical fitness and coordination in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Bonney
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences (Drs Bonney, Ferguson, Burgess, and Smits-Engelsman), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; and Department of Physiotherapy (Dr Bonney), School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kachouri H, Laatar R, Borji R, Rebai H, Sahli S. Using a dual-task paradigm to investigate motor and cognitive performance in children with intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2019; 33:172-179. [PMID: 31441573 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of dual-task (DT) constraints on walking performance in children with intellectual disability (ID). METHODS Fifteen children with intellectual disability and fifteen age-matched typically developed children were asked to walk at a preferred speed: along a path (baseline condition), while carrying a glass of water and while quoting animal names. RESULTS The present study findings showed that DTs affect walking performance of both typically developed children and those with intellectual disability. In children with intellectual disability, DT walking decrements were significantly higher when performing a concurrent motor task than cognitive one. CONCLUSIONS DT constraints with a secondary motor or cognitive tasks seemed challenging for children with intellectual disability suggesting that future treatments or assessments should consider using DT constraints to manipulate the difficulty of tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Kachouri
- Research Unit of Education, Motor skills, Sports and Health, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rabeb Laatar
- Research Unit of Education, Motor skills, Sports and Health, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rihab Borji
- Research Unit of Education, Motor skills, Sports and Health, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Haithem Rebai
- Research Unit of Education, Motor skills, Sports and Health, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Sahli
- Research Unit of Education, Motor skills, Sports and Health, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kinematic Comparison of Aquatic- and Land-Based Stationary Exercises in Overweight and Normal Weight Children. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2019; 31:314-321. [PMID: 30596335 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2018-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined lower extremity kinematics in healthy weight (HW) and overweight (OW) children during water- and land-based stationary exercises (stationary running, frontal kick, and butt kick) at light submaximal intensity. METHODS Participants included OW (N = 10; body fat percentage: 34.97 [8.60]) and HW (N = 15; body fat percentage: 18.33 [4.87]) children, aged 10 to 13 years. Spatiotemporal data, lower extremity joint kinematics, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected during water- and land-based stationary exercises. Repeated measures analysis of variance compared kinematic variables and RPE between groups and environments. A polygon area function compared coordination patterns between environments. RESULTS RPE responses were significantly greater in OW than HW children on land (13.6 [0.7] vs 11.6 [0.7]; P < .001), whereas the RPE responses were similar between groups in water (11.2 [0.7] vs 11.1 [0.8]; P > .05). OW children were significantly more upright than HW children during land-based exercise, whereas there were no differences observed between groups during aquatic-based exercise. The duration of stance and swing phases, angular velocity, and cadence were significantly lower in water than on land. CONCLUSION Compared with HW children, OW children performed stationary exercises in a more upright posture on land, with higher RPE. However, these differences diminished in water. Aquatic-based exercise may be effective in minimizing the effects of excess mass on OW children's ability to complete physical activity.
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined differences in lower extremity kinematics and muscle activation patterns between normal weight (NW) and overweight (OW) children during stationary exercises (running in place, frontal kick, and butt kick) at submaximal intensity. METHODS Healthy children (aged 10-13 y) were stratified into OW (n = 10; body fat percentage: 34.97 [8.60]) and NW (n = 15; body fat percentage: 18.33 [4.87]). Electromyography was recorded for rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior. In addition, the ratings of perceived exertion and range of motion of hip, knee, and ankle joints were collected during stationary exercises. Repeated-measures analysis of variance compared muscle activation, range of motion, and ratings of perceived exertion between groups and exercises. Friedman test examined sequencing of muscles recruitment. RESULTS Compared with NW, OW experienced significantly greater ratings of perceived exertion (13.7 [0.8] vs 11.7 [0.7]; P < .001) and electromyography amplitude in all muscles apart from vastus lateralis during stationary exercises. In addition, NW children used more consistent muscles' recruitment pattern in comparison with OW children. The range of motion was similar between groups at all joints. CONCLUSION OW children may adopt a more active neuromuscular strategy to provide greater stability and propulsion during stationary exercises. Stationary exercise can be prescribed to strengthen lower extremity muscles in OW children, but mode and intensity must be considered.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim D, Pu X, Woo N, Gill SV. Changes in motor actions in the face of varying task constraints. Gait Posture 2018; 66:1-6. [PMID: 30125715 PMCID: PMC6169308 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walking is an everyday activity that requires modifying patterns based on constraints posed by the environment. Meeting multiple constraints at once increases the challenge of modifying motor actions. RESEARCH QUESTION We asked if adults' strategies in adapting to spatial and temporal constraints were similar and if they would prioritize one constraint over the other when completing both. METHODS Across three tasks, we investigated how adults altered their walking to cope with crossing obstacles (Task 1; N = 30), walking to a metronome beat (Task 2; N = 32), and crossing obstacles while walking to a metronome beat (Task 3; N = 30). RESULTS Adults recalibrated to their baseline gait, but showed carryover effects after meeting a temporal constraint (allps>.05). We found an effect on the magnitude of deviation from metronome paces (F(262) = 58.86, p<.01). At the slow pace, participants stepped sooner than the beat, and at the fast pace they stepped later than the beat (all ps<.01). Adults altered the kinematics of their walking in response to a spatial constraint, but changed both the kinematics and kinetics of their walking patterns to meet temporal and combined spatial and temporal constraints. When attempting to meet both a spatial and temporal constraint simultaneously, they stepped sooner than the beat at all metronome paces (all ps<.01). SIGNIFICANCE Our findings show separate walking strategies in adapting to spatial and temporal constraints. The presence of more than one constraint leads to prioritizing one over the other (i.e., a spatial constraint over a temporal constraint). These findings highlight that strategies for meeting constraints are dependent upon the type and number of constraints presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daekyoo Kim
- Boston University, Department of Occupational Therapy, United States
| | - Xia Pu
- Boston University, Department of Occupational Therapy, United States
| | - Nicole Woo
- Boston University, Department of Occupational Therapy, United States
| | - Simone V Gill
- Boston University, Department of Occupational Therapy, United States; Boston University, Department of Medicine, United States; Boston University, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Street BD, Gage W. After total knee replacement younger patients demonstrate superior balance control compared to older patients when recovering from a forward fall. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2017; 44:59-66. [PMID: 28342974 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND National joint replacement registries have reported a substantial growth in younger knee osteoarthritic patients (<55years old) undergoing total knee replacement, however this younger population is generally understudied. Importantly, studies examining experimentally controlled perturbation have shown age-related differences between younger and older healthy adults, whether similar age-related differences exist among total knee replacement patients is unknown. METHODS A total of 59 participants, including 29 unilateral total knee replacement patients (six-months post-surgery) made up the four experimental groups: 1) younger patient (54.3 (SD 7.9) years), 2) younger control (55.2 (SD 4.0) years), 3) older patient (76.9 (SD 4.7) years), and 4) older control (77.7 (SD 4.1) years). Using a tether-release method to perturb balance and simulate a forward fall, center of mass and stepping characteristics were analyzed. FINDINGS Younger patients recovered following the perturbation with a significantly smaller center of mass displacement compared to the older patients (14.85 (SD 0.01) v. 18.13 (SD 0.02) %ht, p=0.02); utilizing a longer (0.43 (SD 0.02) v. 0.39 (SD 0.03) m, p<0.001) and higher velocity (2.01 (SD 0.2) v. 1.59 (SD 0.2) m/s, p=0.001) recovery step. Importantly, younger patients did not differ significantly from the younger controls in center of mass displacement or recovery step characteristics (p>0.05). INTERPRETATION The younger patients demonstrated superior center of mass control in response to a forward perturbation, suggesting that younger patients would be at a reduced risk of falling when recovering from a forward-directed postural perturbation compared to older patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Street
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Bakersfield, Mail Stop 22 EDUC, 9001 Stockdale Hwy, Bakersfield, CA 93311-1022, USA; Gait and Posture Neuromuscular Laboratory, California State University, Bakersfield, Mail Stop 22 EDUC, 9001 Stockdale Hwy, Bakersfield, CA 93311-1022, USA.
| | - William Gage
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 428D HNES, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Orthopaedic Neuromechanics Laboratory, York University, 428D HNES, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada; Teaching and Learning, York University, 428D HNES, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gill SV, Yang Z, Hung YC. Effects of singular and dual task constraints on motor skill variability in childhood. Gait Posture 2017; 53:121-126. [PMID: 28157572 PMCID: PMC5346039 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of singular versus dual task constraints involving upper and lower extremities in typically developing children in young (4-6 years old), middle (7-9 years old), and old (10-13 years old) age groups. The purposes of this study were: 1) to investigate the effects of singular upper and lower extremity and dual upper and lower extremity conditions on motor variability and 2) to examine if variability in children's motor actions would differ according to age (i.e., young, middle, or old). Twenty-four children (M age=8.7; SD=3.7) completed three tasks: finger rotation (upper extremity singular task constraint), obstacle crossing (lower extremity singular task constraint), and box carrying while walking (upper and lower extremity dual task constraint). Compared to the old age group, the young age group displayed more variable rotation strategies during clockwise (χ2(8, N=24)=12.4, p=0.046) and counterclockwise finger rotation (χ2(8, N=24)=12.8, p=0.047). During box carrying, children in the young age group had the most motor variability in their stride length, velocity, the vertical positioning of the box, and minimum and maximum joint excursion (all ps<0.05). Crossing leg frontal plane hip angles were more variable on low versus high obstacles (all ps<0.05). Our results suggest that four- to six-year-old children may still be developing the ability to produce consistent motor actions, especially under dual-task constraints. Examining children in the context of completing tasks with a variety of constraints may be useful in assessing the development of children's motor variability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone V. Gill
- Boston University Department of Occupational Therapy,Boston University Department of Medicine,Corresponding author: 635 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215,
| | - Zoe Yang
- Boston University Department of Occupational Therapy
| | - Ya-Ching Hung
- Queens College Department of Family, Nutrition, & Exercise Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kakebeeke TH, Lanzi S, Zysset AE, Arhab A, Messerli-Bürgy N, Stuelb K, Leeger-Aschmann CS, Schmutz EA, Meyer AH, Kriemler S, Munsch S, Jenni OG, Puder JJ. Association between Body Composition and Motor Performance in Preschool Children. Obes Facts 2017; 10:420-431. [PMID: 28934745 PMCID: PMC5741161 DOI: 10.1159/000477406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Being overweight makes physical movement more difficult. Our aim was to investigate the association between body composition and motor performance in preschool children. METHODS A total of 476 predominantly normal-weight preschool children (age 3.9 ± 0.7 years; m/f: 251/225; BMI 16.0 ± 1.4 kg/m2) participated in the Swiss Preschoolers' Health Study (SPLASHY). Body composition assessments included skinfold thickness, waist circumference (WC), and BMI. The Zurich Neuromotor Assessment (ZNA) was used to assess gross and fine motor tasks. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status, sociocultural characteristics, and physical activity (assessed with accelerometers), skinfold thickness and WC were both inversely correlated with jumping sideward (gross motor task β-coefficient -1.92, p = 0.027; and -3.34, p = 0.014, respectively), while BMI was positively correlated with running performance (gross motor task β-coefficient 9.12, p = 0.001). No significant associations were found between body composition measures and fine motor tasks. CONCLUSION The inverse associations between skinfold thickness or WC and jumping sideward indicates that children with high fat mass may be less proficient in certain gross motor tasks. The positive association between BMI and running suggests that BMI might be an indicator of fat-free (i.e., muscle) mass in predominately normal-weight preschool children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja H. Kakebeeke
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Prof. Dr. Tanja H. Kakebeeke, Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland,
| | - Stefano Lanzi
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Annina E. Zysset
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amar Arhab
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Messerli-Bürgy
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Stuelb
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Einat A. Schmutz
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea H. Meyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susi Kriemler
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simone Munsch
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Oskar G. Jenni
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jardena J. Puder
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Obesity, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gill SV, Walsh MK, Pratt JA, Toosizadeh N, Najafi B, Travison TG. Changes in spatiotemporal gait patterns during flat ground walking and obstacle crossing 1 year after bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016; 12:1080-1085. [PMID: 27320220 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has a negative impact on motor function, leading to an increase in fall risk. Massive weight loss improves some aspects of gait on flat ground. However, we have little information about whether gait changes during flat-ground walking and during more complex motor tasks beyond flat-ground walking. OBJECTIVES Our objectives were to examine how massive weight loss after Roux-en-Y bariatric surgery affects gait during flat-ground walking and obstacle crossing 1 year postsurgery. SETTING University hospital, United States. METHODS Nineteen women walked under 5 conditions: initial baseline walking on flat ground, crossing 3 obstacle heights, and final baseline walking on flat ground, for a total of 25 trials. Spatiotemporal gait parameters were collected simultaneously using a gait carpet and body-worn sensors. RESULTS Gait improved postsurgery, with the strongest effect observed for double-limb support time during flat-ground walking (P<.001) and obstacle crossing (P<.001). The reduction in body mass index was correlated with improved swing (P<.01) and double-limb support time (P<.01) during flat-ground walking and improved swing during obstacle crossing on low (P<.01), medium (P<.01), and high (P<.01) obstacles. Improved gait postsurgery was more pronounced on high obstacles for velocity (P<.001) and double-limb support time (P< .001). CONCLUSIONS Massive weight loss results in improved spatiotemporal gait patterns during flat-ground walking. Examining how massive weight loss affects spatiotemporal gait may help create ways to encourage a more active lifestyle for adults with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone V Gill
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Michael K Walsh
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jacob A Pratt
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Thomas G Travison
- Harvard Medical School and Hebrew SeniorLife, Institute for Aging Research, Roslindale, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gill SV. Walking to the beat of their own drum: how children and adults meet timing constraints. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127894. [PMID: 26011538 PMCID: PMC4444305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Walking requires adapting to meet task constraints. Between 5- and 7-years old, children's walking approximates adult walking without constraints. To examine how children and adults adapt to meet timing constraints, 57 5- to 7-year olds and 20 adults walked to slow and fast audio metronome paces. Both children and adults modified their walking. However, at the slow pace, children had more trouble matching the metronome compared to adults. The youngest children's walking patterns deviated most from the slow metronome pace, and practice improved their performance. Five-year olds were the only group that did not display carryover effects to the metronome paces. Findings are discussed in relation to what contributes to the development of adaptation in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone V. Gill
- Boston University, Departments of Occupational Therapy and Medicine, Program in Rehabilitation Sciences (PhD), Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Linus Z, Fabian D, Pieter V, Eva D, Greet C, Matthieu L. Associations between cycling skill, general motor competence and body mass index in 9-year-old children. ERGONOMICS 2014; 58:160-171. [PMID: 25351715 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2014.961971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Learning to ride a bicycle is an important milestone in a child's life. Unfortunately, young traffic casualties remain overrepresented in traffic reports, with single-bicycle crashes as principal cause in children. This correlational, cross-sectional study focuses on the association between cycling skills and two intrinsic characteristics: general motor competence and body mass index (BMI). Therefore, general motor competence, BMI and practical cycling competence were measured in 9-year-old children (n = 40). Significant correlations were found between cycling skills and general motor competence (r = 0.434, p ≤ 0.01), and between cycling skills and BMI (r = - 0.400, p ≤ 0.05). A multiple regression analysis revealed that children's general motor quotient and BMI together predicted 19% of cycling skill score. These findings indicate that general motor competence and bicycle skills are not independent of each other stressing the importance of young children's characteristics when actively participating in traffic. In addition, BMI might be negatively associated with the development of cycling skills in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeuwts Linus
- a Department of Movement and Sport Sciences , University of Ghent , Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|