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Lage CR, Wright S, Monteiro RGDS, Aragão L, Boshoff K. Foundational concepts of collaborative practice with parents in occupational therapy for children. Aust Occup Ther J 2024. [PMID: 38923580 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In occupational therapy for children, collaborative practice with parents is crucial for meaningful family-centred interventions, yet it remains undefined and inconsistently addressed. This study aimed to establish foundational concepts for collaborative practice with parents in occupational therapy for children in progressing the field with a universal description. METHODS This paper encompasses the second dataset of a larger scoping review and a preliminary validation of findings by an advisory panel. Data were gathered from indexed sources on collaborative practice with parents in occupational therapy for children (ages 0-10) using MedLine, PsychInfo, ERIC, Embase, OTSeeker, Scopus, and ProQuest Central. Data were extracted, charted, and descriptively analysed by paired independent reviewers. The Joanna Briggs Institute Manual and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis-extension for Scoping Reviews were used. A draft definition of collaborative practices, developed based on preliminary review findings and an operational definition, was validated by an advisory panel of 13 experienced Australian occupational therapists, whose input was integrated into a final, comprehensive description of collaborative practice. RESULTS The scoping review encompassed 299 sources, revealing three major components of collaborative practice: 'collaborative practice aims', 'parent-therapist partnership', and 'strategies for collaboration'. The advisory panel endorsed the draft definition, confirmed its professional relevance, and suggested some modifications. CONCLUSION The major outcome of this study is an evidence-based and discipline-specific preliminary description of collaborative practice with parents in occupational therapy for children. This description provides a common language and foundational concepts for the future development of a collaborative practice framework to guide practice and research. Future studies can explore specific components, exploring their mechanisms and significance. Further expanded validation is required, incorporating the perspectives of a wider community of occupational therapists and families to enhance the description's applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla R Lage
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Occupational Therapy Program, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shelley Wright
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Occupational Therapy Program, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rafaelle G de S Monteiro
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Luisa Aragão
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kobie Boshoff
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Occupational Therapy Program, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Innovation, Implementation and Clinical Translation in Health (IIMPACT), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Del Lucchese B, Parravicini S, Filogna S, Mangani G, Beani E, Di Lieto MC, Bardoni A, Bertamino M, Papini M, Tacchino C, Fedeli F, Cioni G, Sgandurra G. The wide world of technological telerehabilitation for pediatric neurologic and neurodevelopmental disorders - a systematic review. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1295273. [PMID: 38694988 PMCID: PMC11061864 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1295273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for assessing and treating cognitive and motor disorders is promoting home-based telerehabilitation. This approach involves ongoing monitoring within a motivating context to help patients generalize their skills. It can also reduce healthcare costs and geographic barriers by minimizing hospitalization. This systematic review focuses on investigating key aspects of telerehabilitation protocols for children with neurodevelopmental or neurological disorders, including technology used, outcomes, caregiver involvement, and dosage, to guide clinical practice and future research. Method This systematic review adhered to PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO. The PICO framework was followed to define the search strategy for technology-based telerehabilitation interventions targeting the pediatric population (aged 0-18) with neurological or neurodevelopmental disorders. The search encompassed Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. Independent reviewers were responsible for selecting relevant papers and extracting data, while data harmonization and analysis were conducted centrally. Results A heterogeneous and evolving situation emerged from our data. Our findings reported that most of the technologies adopted for telerehabilitation are commercial devices; however, research prototypes and clinical software were also employed with a high potential for personalization and treatment efficacy. The efficacy of these protocols on health or health-related domains was also explored by categorizing the outcome measures according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). Most studies targeted motor and neuropsychological functions, while only a minority of papers explored language or multi-domain protocols. Finally, although caregivers were rarely the direct target of intervention, their role was diffusely highlighted as a critical element of the home-based rehabilitation setting. Discussion This systematic review offers insights into the integration of technological devices into telerehabilitation programs for pediatric neurologic and neurodevelopmental disorders. It highlights factors contributing to the effectiveness of these interventions and suggests the need for further development, particularly in creating dynamic and multi-domain rehabilitation protocols. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of promoting home-based and family-centered care, which could involve caregivers more actively in the treatment, potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes for children with neurological or neurodevelopmental conditions. Systematic review registration PROSPERO (CRD42020210663).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Del Lucchese
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Parravicini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Neuroscience Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Filogna
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gloria Mangani
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Beani
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Lieto
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Marta Bertamino
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Marta Papini
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Lecco, Italy
| | - Chiara Tacchino
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sgandurra
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Pozniak K, Rosenbaum P, Kwok EYL. Tasks performed by parents to enable telepractice for children with communication disorders: an interview study with clinicians and parents. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:1547-1558. [PMID: 37078372 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2201509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Current service models in childhood rehabilitation promote the active participation of parents/caregivers in their children's therapies. The existing literature provides a limited understanding of the tasks and responsibilities parents undertake in their children's therapies, especially over telepractice. This study describes the tasks undertaken by parents in their children's speech therapy delivered virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with parents and speech-language pathologists, using open-ended interviews. Interviews were analyzed using a combination qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis. RESULTS Parents performed many tasks to enable telepractice. These tasks happened before (e.g., setting up both physical and virtual space for therapy), during (e.g., managing child's behavior), and after the virtual therapy session (e.g., carrying out home practice). While parents were willing to perform these tasks in order to help their children, some expressed the toll that it can take on them. CONCLUSIONS Compared to what is known from in-person visits, some of these tasks were novel and unique to telepractice. We recommend that clinicians and parents collaboratively decide on tasks and responsibilities to avoid burdening parents, and that they weigh the costs associated with performing these tasks against the benefits of teletherapy.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONParents perform many tasks to support their children's therapies, both during and outside of therapy sessionsTherapies delivered virtually require parents to assume additional tasks to support their childrenFor services to be Family-Centered, tasks and responsibilities need to be decided collaboratively between parents and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Pozniak
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Peter Rosenbaum
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Elaine Yuen Ling Kwok
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Abdrakhman N, Nagaibayeva Z, Fortuna KL. Social Work and Motivation for Rehabilitation in Children with Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 39:210-219. [PMID: 38416708 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2024.2322587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The relevance of the presented article is due to the lack of information on the impact of social work in the development of rehabilitation motivation in children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system. This research aimed to evaluate the role of social work in shaping rehabilitation motivation in children with musculoskeletal disorders. Using a questionnaire, the study involved 43 children and their carers who received social support and 20 who did not. Analysis revealed a significant correlation between the absence of social support and rehabilitation outcomes. The results underlined the value of rehabilitation, with a predominantly positive response to its methods and outcomes. The data also suggested that the absence of social work could increase the likelihood of unfavorable outcomes. By highlighting the need for comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation strategies, this research provides a basis for improving rehabilitation approaches. Addressing the challenges highlighted could pave the way for optimized public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazerke Abdrakhman
- Department of Sociological Science and Social Work, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Zauresh Nagaibayeva
- Department of History of Kazakhstan and Social and Humanitarian Disciplines, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Gmelig Meyling C, Verschuren O, Rentinck ICM, van Driel D, Te Slaa E, Engelbert RH, Gorter JW. "Your brain can't wait": perspectives of children and adolescents with acquired brain injury and their parents on physical rehabilitation during the subacute phase. Disabil Rehabil 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37909065 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2275742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical interventions during subacute rehabilitation have potential to improve functional recovery. This study explored the perspectives of children and adolescents with acquired brain injury (ABI) and their parents with respect to physical rehabilitation during the subacute phase. METHODS Thirteen children and adolescents with ABI and their parents were included and interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interview transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis approach. RESULTS Six themes were identified: 1) beliefs of physical rehabilitation, 2) content of physical rehabilitation, 3) tailored care, 4) impact of context, 5) communication and 6) transition. The importance of intensive physical practice was widely supported. The positive can-do mentality was emphasised to create an atmosphere of hope, meaning that every effort would be made to achieve maximum recovery. Intensive involvement of parents is considered essential during subacute rehabilitation including an open and mutual dialogue about the focus of rehabilitation, therapy goals and future participation in their own environment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the need for an intensive rehabilitation approach, tailored to the individual's needs. The perspectives of children and adolescents and their parents in our study contribute to a better understanding of factors that are important for optimal recovery through physical rehabilitation during the subacute phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiaan Gmelig Meyling
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Human Movement Studies, Master Program Physiotherapy Specialization Paediatric Physiotherapy, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid C M Rentinck
- Department of Paediatric Rehabilitation, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dimara van Driel
- Institute of Human Movement Studies, Master Program Physiotherapy Specialization Paediatric Physiotherapy, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esmée Te Slaa
- Institute of Human Movement Studies, Master Program Physiotherapy Specialization Paediatric Physiotherapy, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul H Engelbert
- Department of Rehabilitation, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Gorter
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Bin Eid W, Lim M, Gabrieli G, Kölbel M, Halstead E, Esposito G, Dimitriou D. Habilitation of sleep problems among mothers and their children with autism spectrum disorder: Insights from multi-level exploratory dyadic analyses. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:915060. [PMID: 36211831 PMCID: PMC9533106 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.915060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Few habilitation strategies for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consider their sleep-related problems. Together with the fact that caregivers of children with ASD also face issues with sleep, there may be yet-to-be uncovered relationships between caregiver-child sleep patterns and sleep quality, offering a key opportunity for clinicians to consider the needs of both child and caregiver in terms of sleep. 29 dyads of mothers and their children with ASD were recruited for this cohort study and both subjective (self-report questionnaires and sleep diaries) and objective (cortisol samples and actigraphy) measures of sleep were collected to investigate significant predictors of sleep quality. Comparative, correlational, and hierarchical analyses were conducted. Findings indicated that both mother and child experience sleep deprivation in terms of shorter sleep duration and poor sleep quality in terms of longer sleep onset latencies and a higher frequency of wake bouts. Exploratory hierarchical analyses also found that child-related sleep difficulties such as sleep disordered breathing and night waking significantly predict mothers’ sleep quality, which may point to the bi-directional influence of mother-child sleep. Based on these findings, it is recommended that clinicians adopt a family systems perspective and consider the sleep environment of the household, particularly that of the caregiver and child, when designing interventions for sleep-related problems in ASD. Finally, there is a need for additional support to promote good quality sleep among caregivers of children with ASD to bolster out-of-clinic care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasmiah Bin Eid
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory, UCL Institute of Education, London, UK
| | - Mengyu Lim
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Giulio Gabrieli
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Melanie Kölbel
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory, UCL Institute of Education, London, UK
- Department of Developmental Neurosciences Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Halstead
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory, UCL Institute of Education, London, UK
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Affiliative Behaviour and Physiology Lab, Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy
| | - Dagmara Dimitriou
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory, UCL Institute of Education, London, UK
- Correspondence: Dagmara Dimitriou
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Albin M, Micsinszki S, Phoenix M. Cultural Adaptation of Parent-Implemented Early Communication Interventions: A Scoping Review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:2229-2247. [PMID: 35926193 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-21-00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Parent-implemented early communication interventions are commonly delivered to culturally and linguistically diverse families. Although there is evidence from fields such as public health or psychology, there is little guidance regarding what elements to culturally adapt for parent-implemented speech-language pathology interventions. This scoping review addresses this gap by identifying parent-implemented early communication interventions that have been culturally adapted and describing which intervention components were adapted. Definitions of culture, use of adaptation frameworks, and adaptation guidelines, policies, and recommendations are also reported. METHOD The databases Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase via OVID were searched. Supplementary search methods, including hand-searching of references and a gray literature search, were also conducted. Covidence software was used to deduplicate, collate, and review articles. Population, intervention, study, and cultural adaptation data were extracted and synthesized using the Ecological Validity Framework. RESULTS Twenty-one articles were included from the database and supplementary searches. No studies defined culture, and only three used cultural adaptation models or frameworks to guide adaptation. Studies varied greatly in what they adapted; language adaptations, such as translation, were conducted most frequently, and intervention goals were rarely adapted. Only three studies obtained parent feedback to inform cultural adaptation for future recommendations. CONCLUSIONS More clarity in the reporting of cultural adaptation for communication interventions is required. Cultural adaptation frameworks are useful tools to guide adaptation but can be difficult to operationalize. Additional research in this area is necessary to help clinicians provide culturally responsive, parent-implemented communication interventions. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20416107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Albin
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Samantha Micsinszki
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Phoenix
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Glumbic N, Grujicic R, Stupar S, Petrovic S, Pejovic-Milovancevic M. Positive Effects of the Caregiver Skill Training Program on Children With Developmental Disabilities: Experiences From Serbia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:913142. [PMID: 35722584 PMCID: PMC9203722 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.913142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intervention programs for children with developmental disabilities increasingly target caregiver training to implement effective strategies for child development. Research conducted in different countries shows that the Caregiver Skills Training Program (CST) developed by the World Health Organization and Autism Speaks could also be a recommended intervention. METHODS The pre-pilot phase included seven, and the pilot phase included 29 families of children with developmental disabilities trained to implement the intervention program. The caregivers were asked to complete the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist at the beginning and at the end of the program. RESULTS In the pre-pilot phase, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test determined a statistically significant improvement in Speech, Language and Communication (z = -2.99, p < 0.05) and Health/Physical/Behavior (z = -2.375, p < 0.05) after caregiver participation in the training program. In the pilot phase, the paired t-test also determined a statistically significant improvement in Speech, Language and Communication between the first (M = 24.52, SD = 5.57) and the second testing (M = 25.66, SD = 6.11), t(28) = -2.29, p < 0.05, as well as a significant improvement between the first (M = 36.62; SD = 7.15) and the second testing (M = 35.38; SD = 5.91), t(28) = 2.11, p < 0.05 in Health/Physical/Behavior. Eta squared values (0.16 and 0.14) indicate that the intervention effect was significant. No differences were determined in Sociability and Sensory/Cognitive Awareness between the first and the second testing. CONCLUSION The initial results of the Caregiver Skills Training Program are encouraging. For this program to be recommended as an evidence-based intervention, further research should be conducted on larger samples, controlling possible intervening variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad Glumbic
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Roberto Grujicic
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Stupar
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Esposito G, Setoh P. Parental involvement in developmental disabilities across cultures. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 116:104023. [PMID: 34243028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Esposito
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; Affiliative Behavior and Physiology Lab, Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Peipei Setoh
- Psychology Program, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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