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Elblová P, Lunova M, Dejneka A, Jirsa M, Lunov O. Impact of mechanical cues on key cell functions and cell-nanoparticle interactions. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:106. [PMID: 38907808 PMCID: PMC11193707 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, it has been recognized that mechanical forces play an important regulative role in living organisms and possess a direct impact on crucial cell functions, ranging from cell growth to maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Advancements in mechanobiology have revealed the profound impact of mechanical signals on diverse cellular responses that are cell type specific. Notably, numerous studies have elucidated the pivotal role of different mechanical cues as regulatory factors influencing various cellular processes, including cell spreading, locomotion, differentiation, and proliferation. Given these insights, it is unsurprising that the responses of cells regulated by physical forces are intricately linked to the modulation of nanoparticle uptake kinetics and processing. This complex interplay underscores the significance of understanding the mechanical microenvironment in shaping cellular behaviors and, consequently, influencing how cells interact with and process nanoparticles. Nevertheless, our knowledge on how localized physical forces affect the internalization and processing of nanoparticles by cells remains rather limited. A significant gap exists in the literature concerning a systematic analysis of how mechanical cues might bias the interactions between nanoparticles and cells. Hence, our aim in this review is to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the existing knowledge regarding the influence of mechanical cues on the complicated dynamics of cell-nanoparticle interactions. By addressing this gap, we would like to contribute to a detailed understanding of the role that mechanical forces play in shaping the complex interplay between cells and nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Elblová
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18200, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18200, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18200, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18200, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Tuna R, Yi W, Crespo Cruz E, Romero JP, Ren Y, Guan J, Li Y, Deng Y, Bluestein D, Liu ZL, Sheriff J. Platelet Biorheology and Mechanobiology in Thrombosis and Hemostasis: Perspectives from Multiscale Computation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4800. [PMID: 38732019 PMCID: PMC11083691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Thrombosis is the pathological clot formation under abnormal hemodynamic conditions, which can result in vascular obstruction, causing ischemic strokes and myocardial infarction. Thrombus growth under moderate to low shear (<1000 s-1) relies on platelet activation and coagulation. Thrombosis at elevated high shear rates (>10,000 s-1) is predominantly driven by unactivated platelet binding and aggregating mediated by von Willebrand factor (VWF), while platelet activation and coagulation are secondary in supporting and reinforcing the thrombus. Given the molecular and cellular level information it can access, multiscale computational modeling informed by biology can provide new pathophysiological mechanisms that are otherwise not accessible experimentally, holding promise for novel first-principle-based therapeutics. In this review, we summarize the key aspects of platelet biorheology and mechanobiology, focusing on the molecular and cellular scale events and how they build up to thrombosis through platelet adhesion and aggregation in the presence or absence of platelet activation. In particular, we highlight recent advancements in multiscale modeling of platelet biorheology and mechanobiology and how they can lead to the better prediction and quantification of thrombus formation, exemplifying the exciting paradigm of digital medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukiye Tuna
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (R.T.); (E.C.C.); (Z.L.L.)
| | - Wenjuan Yi
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (R.T.); (E.C.C.); (Z.L.L.)
| | - Esmeralda Crespo Cruz
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (R.T.); (E.C.C.); (Z.L.L.)
| | - JP Romero
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (R.T.); (E.C.C.); (Z.L.L.)
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Jingjiao Guan
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (R.T.); (E.C.C.); (Z.L.L.)
- Institute for Successful Longevity, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (R.T.); (E.C.C.); (Z.L.L.)
- Institute for Successful Longevity, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Yuefan Deng
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Danny Bluestein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Zixiang Leonardo Liu
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (R.T.); (E.C.C.); (Z.L.L.)
- Institute for Successful Longevity, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Jawaad Sheriff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
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Lemmens TP, Bröker V, Rijpkema M, Hughes CCW, Schurgers LJ, Cosemans JMEM. Fundamental considerations for designing endothelialized in vitro models of thrombosis. Thromb Res 2024; 236:179-190. [PMID: 38460307 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Endothelialized in vitro models for cardiovascular disease have contributed greatly to our current understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying thrombosis. To further elucidate these mechanisms, it is important to consider which fundamental aspects to incorporate into an in vitro model. In this review, we will focus on the design of in vitro endothelialized models of thrombosis. Expanding our understanding of the relation and interplay between the different pathways involved will rely in part on complex models that incorporate endothelial cells, blood, the extracellular matrix, and flow. Importantly, the use of tissue-specific endothelial cells will help in understanding the heterogeneity in thrombotic responses between different vascular beds. The dynamic and complex responses of endothelial cells to different shear rates underlines the importance of incorporating appropriate shear in in vitro models. Alterations in vascular extracellular matrix composition, availability of bioactive molecules, and gradients in concentration and composition of these molecules can all regulate the function of both endothelial cells and perivascular cells. Factors modulating these elements in in vitro models should therefore be considered carefully depending on the research question at hand. As the complexity of in vitro models increases, so can the variability. A bottom-up approach to designing such models will remain an important tool for researchers studying thrombosis. As new techniques are continuously being developed and new pathways are brought to light, research question-dependent considerations will have to be made regarding what aspects of thrombosis to include in in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titus P Lemmens
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Vanessa Bröker
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Minke Rijpkema
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Leon J Schurgers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review highlights how the perception of platelet function is evolving based on recent insights into platelet mechanobiology. RECENT FINDINGS The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 mediates activation of free-flowing platelets under conditions of flow acceleration through mechanisms independent of adhesion receptors and classical activation pathways. Interference with the initiation of platelet migration or with the phenotypic switch of migrating platelets to a procoagulant state aggravates inflammatory bleeding. Mechanosensing of biochemical and biophysical microenvironmental cues during thrombus formation feed into platelet contractile force generation. Measurements of single platelet contraction and bulk clot retraction show promise to identify individuals at risk for hemorrhage. SUMMARY New findings unravel novel mechanotransduction pathways and effector functions in platelets, establishing mechanobiology as a pivotal component of platelet function. These insights highlight limitations of existing treatments and offer new potential therapeutic approaches and diagnostic avenues based on mechanobiological principles. Further extensive research is required to distinguish between core hemostatic and pathological mechanisms influenced by platelet mechanosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Schoen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology
| | - Martin Kenny
- UCD Conway SPHERE Research Group
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Smita Patil
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology
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Evtugina NG, Peshkova AD, Khabirova AI, Andrianova IA, Abdullayeva S, Ayombil F, Shepeliuk T, Grishchuk EL, Ataullakhanov FI, Litvinov RI, Weisel JW. Activation of Piezo1 channels in compressed red blood cells augments platelet-driven contraction of blood clots. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:2418-2429. [PMID: 37268065 PMCID: PMC10949619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive cationic channel that boosts intracellular [Ca2+]i. Compression of red blood cells (RBCs) during platelet-driven contraction of blood clots may cause the activation of Piezo1. OBJECTIVES To establish relationships between Piezo1 activity and blood clot contraction. METHODS Effects of a Piezo1 agonist, Yoda1, and antagonist, GsMTx-4, on clot contraction in vitro were studied in human blood containing physiological [Ca2+]. Clot contraction was induced by exogenous thrombin. Activation of Piezo1 was assessed by Ca2+ influx in RBCs and with other functional and morphologic features. RESULTS Piezo1 channels in compressed RBCs are activated naturally during blood clot contraction and induce an upsurge in the intracellular [Ca2+]i, followed by phosphatidylserine exposure. Adding the Piezo1 agonist Yoda1 to whole blood increased the extent of clot contraction due to Ca2+-dependent volumetric shrinkage of RBCs and increased platelet contractility due to their hyperactivation by the enhanced generation of endogenous thrombin on activated RBCs. Addition of rivaroxaban, the inhibitor of thrombin formation, or elimination of Ca2+ from the extracellular space abrogated the stimulating effect of Yoda1 on clot contraction. The Piezo1 antagonist, GsMTx-4, caused a decrease in the extent of clot contraction relative to the control both in whole blood and in platelet-rich plasma. Activated Piezo1 in compressed and deformed RBCs amplified the platelet contractility as a positive feedback mechanism during clot contraction. CONCLUSION The results obtained demonstrate that the Piezo1 channel expressed on RBCs comprises a mechanochemical modulator of blood clotting that may be considered a potential therapeutic target to correct hemostatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia G Evtugina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
| | - Alina D Peshkova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation; Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alina I Khabirova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
| | - Izabella A Andrianova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Shahnoza Abdullayeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
| | - Francis Ayombil
- Division of Hematology and the Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Taisia Shepeliuk
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ekaterina L Grishchuk
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fazoil I Ataullakhanov
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rustem I Litvinov
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John W Weisel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Di X, Gao X, Peng L, Ai J, Jin X, Qi S, Li H, Wang K, Luo D. Cellular mechanotransduction in health and diseases: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:282. [PMID: 37518181 PMCID: PMC10387486 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular mechanotransduction, a critical regulator of numerous biological processes, is the conversion from mechanical signals to biochemical signals regarding cell activities and metabolism. Typical mechanical cues in organisms include hydrostatic pressure, fluid shear stress, tensile force, extracellular matrix stiffness or tissue elasticity, and extracellular fluid viscosity. Mechanotransduction has been expected to trigger multiple biological processes, such as embryonic development, tissue repair and regeneration. However, prolonged excessive mechanical stimulation can result in pathological processes, such as multi-organ fibrosis, tumorigenesis, and cancer immunotherapy resistance. Although the associations between mechanical cues and normal tissue homeostasis or diseases have been identified, the regulatory mechanisms among different mechanical cues are not yet comprehensively illustrated, and no effective therapies are currently available targeting mechanical cue-related signaling. This review systematically summarizes the characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of typical mechanical cues in normal conditions and diseases with the updated evidence. The key effectors responding to mechanical stimulations are listed, such as Piezo channels, integrins, Yes-associated protein (YAP) /transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). We also reviewed the key signaling pathways, therapeutic targets and cutting-edge clinical applications of diseases related to mechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Di
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshuai Gao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Liao Peng
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Deyi Luo
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
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