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Wang H, Mo Y, Liu W, He Q, Ren T, Ouyang K, Chen Y, Huang W, Wei Z. Construction and characterization of recombinant senecavirus A expressing secreted luciferase for antiviral screening. J Virol Methods 2024; 327:114932. [PMID: 38582378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is a newly identified picornavirus associated with swine vesicular disease and neonatal mortality. The development of an SVA incorporating an exogenous reporter gene provides a powerful tool for viral research. In this study, we successfully constructed a recombinant SVA expressing Gaussia Luciferase (Gluc), termed rSVA-Gluc. The growth kinetics of rSVA-Gluc in BHK-21 cells were found to be comparable to those of the parental virus, and Gluc activity paralleled the virus growth curve. Genetic analysis revealed stable inheritance of the inserted reporter protein genes for at least six generations. We evaluated the utility of rSVA-Gluc in antiviral drug screening, and the results highlighted its potential as an effective tool for such purposes against SVA. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT: The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Yongfang Mo
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Qijie He
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Tongwei Ren
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Kang Ouyang
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530005, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530005, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530005, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Zuzhang Wei
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530005, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning 530005, China.
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Wang H, Mo Y, Liu W, Niu C, He Q, Ren T, Ouyang K, Chen Y, Huang W, Wei Z. Construction and characterization of a full-length infectious clone of an emerging senecavirus A strain. Arch Virol 2024; 169:25. [PMID: 38214826 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05951-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging virus that causes vesicular disease in pigs. Construction of a full-length SVA cDNA clone is crucial for understanding its replication and pathogenesis. Here, we successfully constructed a CMV-promoter-driven infectious cDNA clone of the SVA isolate SVA/GX/CH/2018, which we named rSVA GX01. Sequence comparison between the pSVA GX01 and the parental isolate (SVA/GX/CH/2018) revealed three single-nucleotide differences. Four-week-old piglets were experimentally infected with either the parental virus or the cloned virus. The results showed that the cloned rSVA GX01 displayed weak pathogenicity in 4-week-old pigs compared to the parental virus SVA CH-GX-01-2018. The infectious clone of SVA will serve as a valuable tool for studying the viral replication cycle and for functional analysis of the viral genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Yongfang Mo
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Chenxia Niu
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Qijie He
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Tongwei Ren
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Kang Ouyang
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, 530005, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Zuzhang Wei
- Laboratory of Animal infectious Diseases and molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, 530005, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, Nanning, 530005, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Animal Disease, Nanning, 530005, China.
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3
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Zeng W, Yan Q, Du P, Yuan Z, Sun Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Liu X, Ding H, Yi L, Fan S, Chen J, Zhao M. Evolutionary dynamics and adaptive analysis of Seneca Valley virus. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 113:105488. [PMID: 37558190 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, the Seneca Valley virus (SVV) has emerged in various countries and regions around the world. Infected pigs display symptoms similar to foot-and-mouth disease and other vesicular diseases, causing severe economic losses to affected countries. In recent years, the number of SVV infections has been increasing in Brazil, China, and the United States. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed SVV genomic sequence data from the perspectives of evolutionary dynamics, phylogeography, and codon usage bias. We aimed to gain further insights into SVV's genetic diversity, spatiotemporal distribution patterns, and evolutionary adaptations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SVV has evolved into eight distinct lineages. Based on the results of phylogeographic analysis, it is speculated that the United States might have been the source of SVV, from where it subsequently spread to different countries and regions. Moreover, our analysis of positive selection sites in SVV capsid proteins suggests their potential importance in the process of receptor recognition. Finally, codon preference analysis indicates that natural selection has been a primary evolutionary driver influencing SVV codon usage bias. In conclusion, our in-depth investigation into SVV's origin, dissemination, evolution, and adaptation emphasizes the significance of SVV surveillance and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Quanhui Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Pengfei Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhongmao Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yawei Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xueyi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongxing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinding Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingqiu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Ru Y, Hao R, Wu C, Li Y, Lu B, Liu H, Tian H, Li D, Shi Z, Luo J, Ma K, Zhang G, Liu X, Zheng H. Identification of Potential Novel B-Cell Epitopes of Capsid Protein VP2 in Senecavirus A. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0447222. [PMID: 37428080 PMCID: PMC10433816 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04472-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is a type of nonenveloped single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus. The VP2 protein is a structural protein that plays an important role in inducing early and late immune responses of the host. However, its antigenic epitopes have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, defining the B epitopes of the VP2 protein is of great importance to revealing its antigenic characterization. In this study, we analyzed B-cell immunodominant epitopes (IDEs) of the VP2 protein from the SVA strain CH/FJ/2017 using the Pepscan approach and a bioinformatics-based computational prediction method. The following four novel IDEs of VP2 were identified: IDE1, 41TKSDPPSSSTDQPTTT56; IDE2, 145PDGKAKSLQELNEEQW160; IDE3, 161VEMSDDYRTGKNMPF175; and IDE4, 267PYFNGLRNRFTTGT280. Most of the IDEs were highly conserved among the different strains. To our knowledge, the VP2 protein is a major protective antigen of SVA that can induce neutralizing antibodies in animals. Here, we analyzed the immunogenicity and neutralization activity of four IDEs of VP2. Consequently, all four IDEs showed good immunogenicity that could elicit specific antibodies in guinea pigs. A neutralization test in vitro showed that the peptide-specific guinea pig antisera of IDE2 could neutralize SVA strain CH/FJ/2017, and IDE2 was identified as a novel potential neutralizing linear epitope. This is the first time VP2 IDEs have been identified by using the Pepscan method and a bioinformatics-based computational prediction method. These results will help elucidate the antigenic epitopes of VP2 and clarify the basis for immune responses against SVA. IMPORTANCE The clinical symptoms and lesions caused by SVA are indistinguishable from those of other vesicular diseases in pigs. SVA has been associated with recent outbreaks of vesicular disease and epidemic transient neonatal losses in several swine-producing countries. Due to the continuing spread of SVA and the lack of commercial vaccines, the development of improved control strategies is urgently needed. The VP2 protein is a crucial antigen on the capsids of SVA particles. Furthermore, the latest research showed that VP2 could be a promising candidate for the development of novel vaccines and diagnostic tools. Hence, a detailed exploration of epitopes in the VP2 protein is necessary. In this study, four novel B-cell IDEs were identified using two different antisera with two different methods. IDE2 was identified as a new neutralizing linear epitope. Our findings will help in the rational design of epitope vaccines and further understanding of the antigenic structure of VP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ru
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rongzeng Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunping Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yajun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bingzhou Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhengwang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juncong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kun Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guicai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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5
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Wang C, Chen Y, Yang X, Du Y, Xu Z, Zhou Y, Yang X, Wang X, Zhang C, Li S, Yang Y, Li W, Liu X. The porcine piRNA transcriptome response to Senecavirus a infection. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1126277. [PMID: 37323834 PMCID: PMC10265626 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1126277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Senecavirus A (SVA) belongs to the genus Senecavirus in the family Picornaviridae. PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a class of small Ribonucleic Acids (RNAs) that have been found in mammalian cells in recent years. However, the expression profile of piRNAs in the host during SVA infection and their roles are poorly understood. Methods Here, we found the significant differential expression of 173 piRNAs in SVA-infected porcine kidney (PK-15) cells using RNA-seq and 10 significant differentially expressed (DE) piRNAs were further verified by qRT-PCR. Results GO annotation analysis showed that metabolism, proliferation, and differentiation were significantly activated after SVA infection. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that significant DE piRNAs were mainly enriched in AMPK pathway, Rap1 pathway, circadian rhythm and VEGF pathway. It was suggested that piRNAs may regulated antiviral immunity, intracellular homeostasis, and tumor activities during SVA infection. In addition, we found that the expression levels of the major piRNA-generating genes BMAL1 and CRY1 were significantly downregulated after SVA infection. Discussion This suggests that SVA may affect circadian rhythm and promote apoptosis by inhibiting the major piRNA-generating genes BMAL1 and CRY1. The piRNA transcriptome in PK-15 cells has never been reported before, and this study will further the understanding of the piRNA regulatory mechanisms underlying SVA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Southwest University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanxi Chen
- Southwest University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiwang Yang
- Southwest University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunsha Du
- Southwest University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- Animal Biotechnology Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuancheng Zhou
- Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology Research Center of Sichuan Province, Animtech Bioengineering CO., LTD., Chengdu, China
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology Research Center of Sichuan Province, Animtech Bioengineering CO., LTD., Chengdu, China
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuetao Wang
- Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology Research Center of Sichuan Province, Animtech Bioengineering CO., LTD., Chengdu, China
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanming Zhang
- Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology Research Center of Sichuan Province, Animtech Bioengineering CO., LTD., Chengdu, China
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Veterinary Biologicals Engineering and Technology Research Center of Sichuan Province, Animtech Bioengineering CO., LTD., Chengdu, China
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijun Yang
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Southwest University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Chongqing, China
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Construction and characterization of a full-length infectious clone of Getah virus in vivo. Virol Sin 2022; 37:348-357. [PMID: 35288349 PMCID: PMC9243596 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Getah virus (GETV) is a mosquito-borne virus of the genus Alphavirus in the family Togaviridae and, in recent years, it has caused several outbreaks in animals. The molecular basis for GETV pathogenicity is not well understood. Therefore, a reverse genetic system of GETV is needed to produce genetically modified viruses for the study of the viral replication and its pathogenic mechanism. Here, we generated a CMV-driven infectious cDNA clone based on a previously isolated GETV strain, GX201808 (pGETV-GX). Transfection of pGETV-GX into BHK-21 cells resulted in the recovery of a recombinant virus (rGETV-GX) which showed similar growth characteristics to its parental virus. Then three-day-old mice were experimentally infected with either the parental or recombinant virus. The recombinant virus showed milder pathogenicity than the parental virus in the mice. Based on the established CMV-driven cDNA clone, subgenomic promoter and two restriction enzyme sites (BamHI and EcoRI) were introduced into the region between E1 protein and 3′UTR. Then the green fluorescent protein (GFP), red fluorescent protein (RFP) and improved light-oxygen-voltage (iLOV) genes were inserted into the restriction enzyme sites. Transfection of the constructs carrying the reporter genes into BHK-21 cells proved the rescue of the recombinant reporter viruses. Taken together, the establishment of a reverse genetic system for GETV provides a valuable tool for the study of the virus life cycle, and to aid the development of genetically engineered GETVs as vectors for foreign gene expression. Generation and recovery of a CMV-driven infectious cDNA clone of GETV isolate, GX201808 (pGETV-GX). The recombinant virus showed milder pathogenicity than the parental virus in a mouse model. The Getah virus infectious clone can be used as a vector for expressing reporter genes.
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Li N, Qiao QL, Guo HF, Wang BY, Huang Q, Wang Z, Li YT, Zhao J. Evaluation of immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a novel Senecavirus A strain-based inactivated vaccine in mice. Res Vet Sci 2021; 142:133-140. [PMID: 34952258 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus associated with porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD), which is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease and other vesicular diseases in pigs. In recent years, the wide spread of SVA has caused huge economic losses to the world's pig industry. However, there are no vaccines currently available to prevent and control the infection of SVA due to the extensive diversity of SVA isolates and high cost of the pig model for vaccine evaluation. In the present study, a novel SVA CH-HNCY-2019 strain with unique amino-acid mutations in VP1, VP3 and 3C was isolated from the central part of China. A mouse model was proposed to for evaluation of the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the inactivated CH-HNCY-2019 vaccine. The results indicated that one dose immunization of 107TCID50 inactivated CH-HNCY-2019 vaccine in mice induced a high titer of neutralizing antibody and complete protection. After challenging with the homologous virus, no viral RNA or histopathological damages were detected in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, intestine and brain tissues of the immunized mice. However, viral RNA and different degrees of histopathological damages were observed in all corresponding tissues of the unimmunized mice. In summary, the present study proved that mouse is a candidate animal model for the primary evaluation of the immunogenicity and protection efficacy of SVA vaccines for the first time. In addition, the inactivated SVA CH-HNCY-2019 vaccine was immunogenic and could protect mice against homologous viral challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qi-Long Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hui-Fang Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Bai-Yu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qing Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yong-Tao Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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8
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Zhou X, Liang WF, Si GB, Li JH, Chen ZF, Cai WY, Lv DH, Wen XH, Zhai Q, Zhai SL, Liao M, He DS. Buffalo-Origin Seneca Valley Virus in China: First Report, Isolation, Genome Characterization, and Evolution Analysis. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:730701. [PMID: 34760955 PMCID: PMC8573120 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.730701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigs are the main host of Seneca Valley virus (SVV), previously known as Senecavirus A (SVA). Pigs affected by SVV have vesicles in the nose, hooves, and limp and may cause death in some severe cases. Occasionally, SVV has also been detected in mice, houseflies, environmental equipment, and corridors in pig farms. Moreover, it was successfully isolated from mouse tissue samples. In this study, an SVV strain (SVA/GD/China/2018) was isolated from a buffalo with mouth ulcers in the Guangdong province of China using seven mammalian cell lines (including BHK-21, NA, PK-15, ST, Vero, Marc-145, and MDBK). The genome of SVA/GD/China/2018 consists of 7,276 nucleotides. Multiple-sequence alignment showed that SVA/GD/China/2018 shared the highest nucleotide similarity (99.1%) with one wild boar-origin SVV strain (Sichuan HS-01) from the Sichuan province of China. Genetic analysis revealed that SVA/GD/China/2018 clustered with those porcine-origin SVV strains. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of SVV infection in buffalo, which might expand the host range of the virus. Surveillance should be expanded, and clinical significance of SVV needs to be further evaluated in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Fang Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Bin Si
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Hui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-You Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dian-Hong Lv
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wen
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhai
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shao-Lun Zhai
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Sheng He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu X, Zhang W, Wang D, Zhu X, Chen Y, Ouyang K, Wei Z, Liu H, Huang W. Establishment of a Multiplex RT-PCR Method for the Detection of Five Known Genotypes of Porcine Astroviruses. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:684279. [PMID: 34212021 PMCID: PMC8239161 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.684279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine astroviruses (PAstVs) are prevalent in pigs worldwide, and five genotypes have been reported to circulate in China. However, little is known about the coinfection status of PAstVs. For differential and simultaneous diagnoses of these five genotypes of PAstVs, a multiplex RT-PCR method was established on the basis of the ORF2 gene of type 1 PAstV, and the ORF1ab genes of type two to five PAstVs. This quintuple PCR system was developed through optimization of multiplex PCR and detection sensitivity and specificity. The results showed that this multiplex RT-PCR method could specifically detect all the five PAstV genotypes without cross-reaction to any other major viruses circulating in Chinese pig farms. The detection limit of this method was as low as 10 pg of standard plasmids of each PAstV genotype. In addition, a total of 275 fecal samples collected from different districts of Guangxi, China, between April 2019 and November 2020, were tested by this newly established multiplex RT-PCR. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of monoplex and multiplex RT-PCR methods were compared by detecting the same set of clinical positive samples. The results revealed that PAstV1 (31/275), PAstV2 (49/275), PAstV3 (36/275), PAstV4 (41/275), and PAstV5 (22/275) were all detected, and dual (PAstV1+PAstV2, PAstV1+PAstV3, PAstV2+PAstV3, PAstV2+PAstV4, PAstV3+PAstV4, and PAstV4+PAstV5) or triple genotypes (PAstV1+PAstV2+PAstV3 and PAstV2+PAstV3+PAstV4) of coinfections were also unveiled in this study. The detection result of multiplex PCR was consistent with that of monoplex PCR. Compared with monoplex PCR, this multiplex PCR method showed obvious advantages such as time and cost efficiency and high sensitivity and specificity. This multiplex RT-PCR method offered a valuable tool for the rapid and accurate detection of PAstV genotypes circulating in pig herds and will facilitate the surveillance of PAstV coinfection status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Dongjing Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kang Ouyang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zuzhang Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Ren T, Mo Q, Wang Y, Wang H, Nong Z, Wang J, Niu C, Liu C, Chen Y, Ouyang K, Huang W, Wei Z. Emergence and Phylogenetic Analysis of a Getah Virus Isolated in Southern China. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:552517. [PMID: 33344520 PMCID: PMC7744783 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.552517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Getah virus (GETV) has caused many outbreaks in animals in recent years. Monitoring of the virus and its related diseases is crucial to control the transmission of the virus. In the summer of 2018, we conducted routine tests on clinical samples from different pig farms in Guangxi province, South China, and isolated and characterized a GETV strain, named GX201808. Cytopathic effects were observed in BHK-21 cells inoculated with GX201808. The expression of E2 protein of GETV could be detected in virus-infected cells by indirect immunofluorescence assays. Electron microscopic analysis showed that the virus particles were spherical and ~70 nm in diameter with featured surface fibers. The multistep growth curves showed the virus propagated well in the BHK-21 cells. Molecular genetic analysis revealed that GX201808 belongs to Group 3, represented by Kochi-01-2005 isolated in Japan in 2005, and it clustered closely with the recently reported Chinese strains isolated from pigs, cattle, and foxes. A comparison of the identities of nucleotides and amino acids in the coding regions demonstrated that the GX201808 showed the highest amino acid identity (99.6%) with the HuN1 strain, a highly pathogenic isolate resulting in an outbreak of GETV infection in swine herds in Hunan province in 2017. In the present study, GETV was identified and isolated for the first time in Guangxi province of southern China, suggesting that future surveillance of this virus should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongwei Ren
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingrong Mo
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuxu Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zuorong Nong
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinglong Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chenxia Niu
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kang Ouyang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zuzhang Wei
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Liu F, Wang Q, Huang Y, Wang N, Shan H. A 5-Year Review of Senecavirus A in China since Its Emergence in 2015. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:567792. [PMID: 33134352 PMCID: PMC7561413 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.567792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Senecavirus A (SVA), previously known as Seneca Valley virus, is classified into the genus Senecavirus in the family Picornaviridae. This virus can cause vesicular disease and epidemic transient neonatal losses in swine. Typical clinical signs include vesicular and/or ulcerative lesions on the snout, oral mucosa, coronary bands and hooves. SVA emerged in Guangdong Province of China in 2015, and thereafter gradually spread into other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (P.A.M.s). Nowadays more than half of the P.A.M.s have been affected by SVA, and asymptomatic infection has occurred in some areas. The phylogenetic analysis shows that China isolates are clustered into five genetic branches, implying a fast evolutionary speed since SVA emergence in 2015. This review presented current knowledge concerning SVA infection in China, including its history, epidemiology, evolutionary characteristics, diagnostics and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yilan Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hu Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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