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Sengul E, Yildirim S, Cinar İ, Tekin S, Dag Y, Bolat M, Gok M, Warda M. Mitigation of Acute Hepatotoxicity Induced by Cadmium Through Morin: Modulation of Oxidative and Pro-apoptotic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammatory Responses in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:5106-5117. [PMID: 38238535 PMCID: PMC11442647 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal with significant environmental health hazards. It enters the body through various routes with tissue accumulation. The relatively longer half-life with slow body clearance significantly results in hepatotoxicity during its liver detoxification. Therefore, researchers are exploring the potential use of herbal-derived phytocomponents to mitigate their toxicity. Here, we investigated, for the first time, the possible ameliorative effect of the phytochemical Morin (3,5,7,29,49-pentahydroxyflavone) against acute Cd-induced hepatotoxicity while resolving its underlying cellular mechanisms in a rat animal model. The study involved 50 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g. The animals were divided into five equal groups: control, Cd, Morin100 + Cd, Morin200 + Cd, and Morin200. The 2nd, 3rd, and 4th groups were intraperitoneally treated with Cd (6.5 mg/kg), while the 3rd, 4th, and 5th groups were orally treated with Morin (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days. On the 6th day, hepatic function (serum ALT, AST, ALP, LDH enzyme activities, and total bilirubin level) testing, transcriptome analysis, and immunohistochemistry were performed to elucidate the ameliorative effect of Morin on hepatotoxicity. In addition to restoring liver function and tissue injury, Morin alleviated Cd-induced hepatic oxidative/endoplasmic reticulum stress in a dose-dependent manner, as revealed by upregulating the expression of antioxidants (SOD, GSH, Gpx, CAT, and Nrf2) and decreasing the expression of ER stress markers. The expression of the proinflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1-β, and IL-6) was also downregulated while improving the anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and IL-4) expression levels. Morin further slowed the apoptotic cascades by deregulating the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and Caspase 12 markers concomitant with an increase in anti-apoptotic Blc2 mRNA expression. Furthermore, Morin restored Cd-induced tissue damage and markedly suppressed the cytoplasmic expression of JNK and p-PERK immunostained proteins. This study demonstrated the dose-dependent antioxidant hepatoprotective effect of Morin against acute hepatic Cd intoxication. This effect is likely linked with the modulation of upstream p-GRP78/PERK/ATF6 pro-apoptotic oxidative/ER stress and the downstream JNK/BAX/caspase 12 apoptotic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Sengul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İrfan Cinar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Samet Tekin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Dag
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Merve Bolat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melahat Gok
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mohamad Warda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Erbaş E, Gelen V, Kara H, Gedikli S, Yeşildağ A, Özkanlar S, Akarsu SA. Silver Nanoparticles Loaded with Oleuropein Reduce Doxorubicin-Induced Testicular Damage by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Apoptosis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4687-4698. [PMID: 38197904 PMCID: PMC11339148 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is the most used chemotherapeutic agent for treating solid tumors. DOX treatment may lead to testicular damage using oxidative stress, resulting in infertility. These adverse effects may be prevented by the activation of antioxidant systems. Oleuropein (OLE) is a powerful flavonoid with several ameliorative effects, including antioxidative, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory. It would be more efficient and applicable in treating chronic human diseases if its poor bioavailability improves with a nano-delivery system. The current study aims to assess the histopathological changes and antioxidative effects of OLE loaded with silver nanoparticles oleuropein (OLE-AgNP) on the testicular injury triggered by DOX in rats. Forty-eight male albino rats were randomly divided into six groups as follows: the control, DOX (2.5 mg/kg), OLE (50 mg/kg), AgNP (100 mg/kg), OLE + AgNP (50 mg/kg), OLE (50 mg/kg) + DOX (2.5 mg/kg), AgNP (100 mg/kg) + DOX (2.5 mg/kg), and OLE-AgNP (50 mg/kg) + DOX (2.5 mg/kg) for 11 days. Oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, sperm analysis, and histopathological analyses were performed on testicular tissues taken from rats decapitated after the applications and compared between the experimental groups. The tissue MDA level was lower in the OLE and OLE+AgNP-treated groups than in the DOX-treated group. In addition, SOD and GSH levels significantly increased in both the OLE and OLE+AgNP-treated groups compared to the DOX group. Both OLE and OLE+AgNP, particularly OLE+AgNP, ameliorated DOX-induced testicular tissue injury, as evidenced by reduced injury and improved seminiferous tubules and spermatocyte area. In addition, OLE and OLE+AgNP, especially OLE+AgNP, inhibited DOX-induced testicular tissue inflammation, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The findings suggest that nanotechnology and the production of OLE+AgNP can ameliorate DOX-induced testicular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Erbaş
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Volkan Gelen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Hülya Kara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Semin Gedikli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Yeşildağ
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Seçkin Özkanlar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan Ali Akarsu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Wu H, Huo H, Li H, Zhang H, Li X, Han Q, Liao J, Tang Z, Guo J. N-acetylcysteine combined with insulin therapy can reduce myocardial injury induced by type 1 diabetes through the endoplasmic reticulum pathway. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102515. [PMID: 39146674 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
With the development of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), various complications can be caused. Hyperglycemia affects the microenvironment of cardiomyocytes, changes endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, triggers unfolding protein response and eventually promotes myocardial apoptosis. However, insulin therapy alone cannot effectively combat the complications caused by T1DM. Forty adult beagles were randomly divided into five groups: control group, diabetes mellitus group, insulin group, insulin combined with NAC group, and NAC group. 24-hour blood glucose, 120-day blood glucose, 120-day body weight, and serum FMN content were observed, furthermore, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Periodic acid Schiff reagent staining, and Sirius red staining of the myocardium were evaluated. The protein expressions of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1, PERK, JNK, CHOP, caspase 3, Bcl2, and Bax were detected. Results of the pathological section of myocardial tissue indicated that insulin combined with NAC therapy could improve myocardial pathological injury and glycogen deposition. Additionally, insulin combined with NAC therapy down-regulates the expression of GRP78, ATF6, IRE1, PERK, JNK, CHOP, caspase3, and Bax. These findings suggest that NAC has a phylactic effect on myocardial injury in beagles with T1DM, and the mechanism may be related to the improvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Haihua Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Haoye Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xinrun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jianying Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zhang H, Zhao X, Wei W, Shen C. Nimbolide protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial function via the Akt/mTOR pathway. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102478. [PMID: 39053131 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Nimbolide has been demonstrated to possess protective properties against gestational diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy. However, the role and molecular mechanism of nimbolide in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remain unknown. Diabetes was induced in rats via a single injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and then the diabetic rats were administered nimbolide (5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg) or dimethyl sulfoxide daily for 12 weeks. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to high glucose (25 mM glucose) to mimic DCM in vitro. The protective effects of nimbolide against DCM were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. The potential molecular mechanism of nimbolide in DCM was further explored. We found that nimbolide dose-dependently decreased blood glucose and improved body weight of diabetic rats. Additionally, nimbolide dose-dependently improved cardiac function, alleviated myocardial injury/fibrosis, and inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis in diabetic rats. Moreover, nimbolide dose-dependently improved mitochondrial function and activated the Akt/mTOR signaling. We consistently demonstrated the cardioprotective effects of nimbolide in an in vitro model of DCM. The involvement of ER stress and mitochondrial pathways were further confirmed by using inhibitors of ER stress and mitochondrial division. By applying a specific Akt inhibitor SC66, the cardioprotective effects of nimbolide were partially blocked. Our study indicated that nimbolide alleviated DCM by activating Akt/mTOR pathway. Nimbolide may be a novel therapeutic agent for DCM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Wei
- Hainan Second Health School, Wuzhishan 572200, China
| | - Chunjian Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110000, China.
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Cui J, Wang M, Liu M, Jia N, Zhao M, Weng Y, Zhang W, Wang L, Wang J. Nephroprotective effects of Aralia taibaiensis in a high-fat diet-streptozotocin rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31775. [PMID: 38947426 PMCID: PMC11214440 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has emerged as the foremost cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a critical role in DN progression. Triterpenoid saponin from Aralia taibaiensis (sAT) has been reported to possess anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant effects. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of sAT on DN treatment and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms. A high-fat diet (HFD) and Streptozotocin (STZ) were employed to induce DN in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats which were subsequently treated with varying concentrations of sAT for 8 weeks. Our findings reveal that different doses of sAT significantly mitigated hyperglycemia, reduced urinary albumin excretion, and decreased plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels in DN rats. Moreover, sAT administration improved body weight, alleviated renal fibrosis and histopathological changes in the diabetic kidneys. Notably, sAT treatment partially restored increased Bax expression and decreased Bcl-2 expression. Additionally, sAT inhibited ER stress-related proteins, including GRP78, p-PERK, ATF4 and CHOP in kidneys of DN rats. These results suggest that sAT ameliorated experimental diabetic nephropathy, at least in part, through ER stress pathway. These findings provide a scientific basis for the potential development of sAT as a therapeutic agent for DN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Meina Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Yan Weng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Province, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Province, China
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Ding L, Wang K, Zhu H, Liu Z, Wang J. Protective effect of quercetin on cadmium-induced kidney apoptosis in rats based on PERK signaling pathway. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 82:127355. [PMID: 38071864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic environmental pollutant that can enter the body through bioaccumulation. The kidney is an important target organ for Cd poisoning. Quercetin (Que) is a natural flavonoid compound with free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Previous studies showed that Que can alleviate kidney damage caused by Cd poisoning in rats, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. METHODS Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups: normal saline-treated control group, Cd group treated by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg b.w. CdCl2, Cd + Que group treated by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg/kg b.w. CdCl2 and 100 mg/kg b.w. Que, and Que group treated by 100 mg/kg b.w. Que. Four weeks later, the rats were anesthetized with diethyl ether, and blood was taken intravenously. The rats were executed with their necks cut off, and the kidneys were removed. Body weight, kidney organ weight, and glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. The structure of kidney tissue was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, kidney cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay, and the mRNA expression levels of genes related to the PERK signaling pathway were analyzed by RT-PCR. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the Cd-treated group exhibited a significant decrease in body weight (P < 0.01). Their kidneys showed a significant increase in the relative organ weight (P < 0.01). Moreover, the MDA and GSH levels increased. Kidney tissue damage and renal cell apoptosis were observed, and the mRNA expression levels of genes related to the PERK signaling pathway significantly increased (P < 0.01). Compared with the Cd-treated group, the Cd + Que group exhibited a significant increase in body weight (P < 0.01) and significant decreases in the relative organ weight, MDA and GSH levels, and mRNA expression levels of genes related to the PERK signaling pathway (P < 0.01). Furthermore, kidney tissue damage and renal cell apoptosis were observed. CONCLUSION Cd treatment resulted in rat weight loss, renal edema, and oxidative stress and caused renal tissue damage and cell apoptosis by activating the PERK signaling pathway. Que was able to restore the body weight and renal coefficient of rats. It also alleviated the oxidative stress and kidney tissue damage caused by Cd and the cell apoptosis caused by Cd through inhibiting the PERK signaling pathway. Thus, Que could be considered for the treatment of kidney diseases caused by Cd poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No. 12, East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, PR China; Zhengzhou Medical College, No. 3, Chuangye Avenue, Zhengzhou 452370, PR China
| | - Huali Zhu
- Law Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No. 12, East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jicang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang 471023, PR China.
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Shi Y, Jiang B, Zhao J. Induction mechanisms of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115984. [PMID: 38070244 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (II/RI), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been gradually increasing, posing significant threats to human health. Autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) play important roles in II/RI. Damage caused by ischemia and cellular stress can activate ERS, which in turn initiates autophagy to clear damaged organelles and abnormal proteins, thereby alleviating ERS and maintaining the intestinal environment. In IBD, chronic inflammation damages intestinal tissues and activates autophagy and ERS. Autophagy is initiated by upregulating ATG genes and downregulating factors that inhibit autophagy, thereby clearing abnormal proteins, damaged organelles, and bacteria. Simultaneously, persistent inflammatory stimulation can also trigger ERS, leading to protein imbalance and abnormal folding in the ER lumen. The activation of ERS can maintain cellular homeostasis by initiating the autophagy process, thereby reducing inflammatory responses and cell apoptosis in the intestine. In CRC, excessive cell proliferation and protein synthesis lead to increased ERS. The activation of ERS, regulated by signaling pathways such as IRE1α and PERK, can initiate autophagy to clear abnormal proteins and damaged organelles, thereby reducing the negative effects of ERS. It can be seen that autophagy and ERS play a crucial regulatory role in the development of intestinal diseases. Therefore, the progress in targeted therapy for intestinal diseases based on autophagy and ERS provides novel strategies for managing intestinal diseases. In this paper, we review the advances in regulation of autophagy and ERS in intestinal diseases, emphasizing the potential molecular mechanisms for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Department of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Proctology, Baoji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji 721001, Shanxi, PR China.
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Zhang B, Huang C, Xu D, Huang K, Li Y, Jiao L, Fu B, Li S, Li Y. Patulin induces ROS-dependent cardiac cell toxicity by inducing DNA damage and activating endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptotic pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 269:115784. [PMID: 38061079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) is one of the mycotoxins commonly found in agricultural products and fruits, and has obvious toxic effects on animals and humans. PAT has been found to cause myocardial toxicity and oxidative damage, but the mechanism of myocardial toxicity remained to be elucidated. We investigated the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of PAT on human cardiomyocytes and explored the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on them. The study showed that treatment with PAT for 24 h decreased cell viability and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and increased ROS and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Moreover, in addition to detecting increased γ-H2AX expression and observing nuclear damage, the comet assay also showed increased DNA tail distance in the PAT-treated group, followed by an increase in phosphorylation of the p53 protein and p21 protein expression, and a decrease in CDK1 and Cyclin B1 protein expression, and G2/M phase arrest. In addition, PAT induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and induced apoptosis, as evidenced by Ca2+ increase, ER enlargement and swelling, and upregulation of ERS-related genes and proteins expression, and increased expression of three apoptotic pathway proteins under ERS, including CHOP, JNK, and caspase-12. Meanwhile, N-acetylcysteine (NAC, a ROS scavenger) reversed the negative effects of PAT treatment on cells. These results clarify that excessive ROS production by PAT-treated AC16 cells not only causes DNA damage, leading to cell cycle arrest, but also causes ERS, which triggers apoptotic pathways to cause apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baigang Zhang
- Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Chenghui Huang
- Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yang Li
- Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Lu Jiao
- Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Binggang Fu
- Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Subing Li
- Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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Ding L, Zhu H, Wang K, Huang R, Yu W, Yan B, Zhou B, Wang H, Yang Z, Liu Z, Wang J. Quercetin alleviates cadmium-induced BRL-3A cell apoptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and the PERK/IRE1α/ATF6 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:125790-125805. [PMID: 38001299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic environmental pollutant. The liver is an important metabolic organ in the body and is susceptible to Cd toxicity attacks. Quercetin (Que) is a flavonoid compound with pharmacological activities of scavenging free radicals and antioxidant activity. Previous studies have shown that Que can alleviate Cd caused hepatocyte apoptosis in rats, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. To explore the specific mechanism, we established a model of Cd toxicity and Que rescue in BRL-3A cells and used 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), an endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inhibitor, as positive control. Set up a control group, Cd treatment group, Cd and Que co treatment group, Que treatment group, Cd and 4-PBA co treatment group, and 4-PBA treatment group. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method was employed to measure cell viability. Fluorescence staining was applied to observe cell apoptosis. Flow cytometry was performed to detect reactive oxygen species levels. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot method was adopted to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of ERS and apoptosis-related genes. The results showed that compared with the control group, the Cd treated group showed a significant decrease in cell viability (P < 0.01), an increase in intracellular ROS levels, and apoptosis. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ERS and apoptosis related factors such as GRP78, IRE1α, XBP1, ATF6, Caspase-12, Caspase-3 and Bax in the cells were significantly increased (P < 0.01), while the mRNA and protein expression levels of Bcl-2 were significantly reduced (P < 0.01). Compared with the Cd treatment group, the Cd and Que co treatment group and the Cd and 4-PBA co treatment group showed a significant increase in cell viability (P < 0.01), a decrease in intracellular ROS levels, a decrease in cell apoptosis, and a significant decrease in the expression levels of ERS and apoptosis related factors mRNA and protein (P < 0.01), as well as a significant increase in Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression (P < 0.01). We confirmed that Que could alleviate the apoptosis caused by Cd in BRL-3A cells, and the effects of Que were similar to those of ERS inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.12, East Wenhui Road, 225009, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Zhu
- Law Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxue Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzhao Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bianhua Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.12, East Wenhui Road, 225009, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang X, Hu Y, Peng J, Luo X, Su L, Tang Y. Fangchinoline Exerts Anticancer Effects on Colorectal Cancer Cells by Evoking Cell Apoptosis via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 174:639-646. [PMID: 37052856 PMCID: PMC10098992 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05761-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
We studied the anti-tumor effect of fangchinoline (FAN) against human colorectal cancer cell lines CCL-244 and SW480 and analyzed the mechanism of FAN action. The cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by MTT test and Annexin V-PI staining; caspase-3 activity was measured by Western blotting. The expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins was assessed by real-time PCR, Western blotting, and gene transfection. It was found that FAN inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cell lines CCL-244 and SW480 in a dose-dependent manner. The caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO could reverse the inhibitory effect of FAN. Moreover, FAN significantly increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP in CCL-244 and SW480 cells. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid or CHOP knockdown could prevent FAN-induced apoptosis. Thus, FAN induced apoptosis of human colorectal cancer through activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Jiang
- Medical School of Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yougen Hu
- Department of Surgery of Jiangsu, Provincial Corps Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Peng
- Medical School of Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Medical School of Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, China
| | - Landi Su
- Medical School of Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuanjie Tang
- Department of Surgery of Jiangsu, Provincial Corps Hospital, Yangzhou, China.
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11
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Li Z, Li D, Chen R, Gao S, Xu Z, Li N. Cell death regulation: A new way for natural products to treat osteoporosis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106635. [PMID: 36581167 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease that results from the imbalance of homeostasis within the bone. Intra-bone homeostasis is dependent on a precise dynamic balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by mesenchymal lineage osteoblasts, which comprises a series of complex and highly standardized steps. Programmed cell death (PCD) (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis) is a cell death process that involves a cascade of gene expression events with tight structures. These events play a certain role in regulating bone metabolism by determining the fate of bone cells. Moreover, existing research has suggested that natural products derived from a wide variety of dietary components and medicinal plants modulate the PCDs based on different mechanisms, which show great potential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, thus revealing the emergence of more acceptable complementary and alternative drugs with lower costs, fewer side effects and more long-term application. Accordingly, this review summarizes the common types of PCDs in the field of osteoporosis. Moreover, from the perspective of targeting PCDs, this review also discussed the roles of currently reported natural products in the treatment of osteoporosis and the involved mechanisms. Based on this, this review provides more insights into new molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis and provides a reference for developing more natural anti-osteoporosis drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Renchang Chen
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shang Gao
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhanwang Xu
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Nianhu Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
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12
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122630. [PMID: 36560634 PMCID: PMC9780809 DOI: 10.3390/v14122630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a type of cellular stress, always occurs when unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulating in the ER exceed the protein folding capacity. Because of the demand for rapid viral protein synthesis after viral infection, viral infections become a risk factor for ER stress. The hepatocyte is a cell with large and well-developed ER, and hepatitis virus infection is widespread in the population, indicating the interaction between hepatitis viruses and ER stress may have significance for managing liver diseases. In this paper, we review the process that is initiated by the hepatocyte through ER stress against HBV and HCV infection and explain how this information can be helpful in the treatment of HBV/HCV-related diseases.
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13
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Zhang R, Liao W, Wu K, Hua L, Wu M, Li C, Cai F. Matrine alleviates spatial learning and memory impairment in diabetic mice by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and through modulation of PK2/PKRs pathway. Neurochem Int 2022; 154:105289. [PMID: 35074478 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and epidemiological studies indicate that diabetic cognitive impairment often occurs in diabetes mellitus patients. Matrine (Mat), an active component of Sophora flavescens Ait root extracts, has widely pharmacological activities including anti-tumor, anti-diabetes, cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects. The present study was designed to elucidate the possibly neuroprotective effects of Mat against diabetic spatial learning and memory impairment caused by high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection in mice. The results showed that Mat treatment significantly ameliorated fasting blood glucose level, impaired glucose tolerance, and lipid metabolism disorder in diabetic mice. In addition, diabetic mice exhibited spatial learning and memory impairment in the Morris water maze test, which could be attenuated by Mat treatment. Moreover, administration of Mat remarkably alleviated histological damage in diabetic hippocampus. Also, further investigations showed that Mat treatment abated endoplasmic reticulum stress induced hippocampal ultra-structure injury as evidenced by increasing the numbers of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, as well as down-regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress related protein levels (GRP78, CHOP, ATF6 and Caspase-12). Furthermore, administration of Mat enhanced hippocampal protein expressions of PK2, PKR1 and PKR2, which decreased significantly in diabetic mice. Collectively, these findings suggested that Mat could ameliorate diabetes-induced spatial learning and memory impairment, possibly by alleviating ER stress, and partly through modulation of PK2/PKRs pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Wenli Liao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China; Basic Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Ke Wu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liangliang Hua
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Mengyu Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Cairong Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China; Clinical Medical School, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
| | - Fei Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
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14
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Dong SJ, Gao XY, Pei MX, Luo T, Fan D, Chen YL, Jin JF, Zhao XD. Effects and Mechanism of Salvianolic Acid B on the Injury of Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Induced by Iopromide. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:761908. [PMID: 35035354 PMCID: PMC8758562 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.761908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing application of medical imaging contrast materials, contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has become the third major cause of iatrogenic renal insufficiency. CIN is defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine levels of at least 0.50 mg/dl or an increase >25% of serum creatinine from baseline after exposure to contrast. In this study, the protective effects of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) were detected in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) exposed to iopromide. The results showed that different concentrations of Sal B counteract the loss of cell viability induced by iopromide, and reduce cell apoptosis, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and the levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)–related and apoptosis-related proteins such as p-IRE-1α, p-eIF-2α/eIF-2α, p-JNK, CHOP, Bax/Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3. In addition, Sal B at a concentration of 100 μmol/L inhibited ERS and reduced cell damage to a similar extent as the ERS inhibitor 4-PBA. Importantly, treatment with Sal B could abolish the injury induced by ERS agonist tunicamycin, increasing cell viability and the mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as significantly reducing ROS levels and the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved-caspase-3, GRP78, p-eIF2α, p-JNK, and CHOP. These results suggested that the protective effect of Sal B against HK-2 cell injury induced by iopromide may be related to the inhibition of ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin-Yue Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ming-Xin Pei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Pathology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Dong Fan
- Department of Pathology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yan-Ling Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jun-Feng Jin
- Department of Pathology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiao-Duo Zhao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Protegrin-1 inhibits porcine ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis from H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress via the PERK/eIF2α/CHOP signaling pathway in vitro. Theriogenology 2021; 179:117-127. [PMID: 34864562 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of granulosa cells is one of the major causes of follicular atresia, affecting ovarian physiological function. Protegrin-1 (PG-1) is an antimicrobial peptide with effective antimicrobial activity, immunomodulatory function, and porcine growth-promoting effects. PG-1 has been detected in porcine ovaries follicles. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PG-1 on oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of porcine ovarian granulosa cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. Granulosa cells were obtained from porcine follicles and treated with H2O2 to establish the oxidative stress model, and then treated with or without PG-1 (10 μg/mL). PG-1 significantly suppressed H2O2-induced apoptosis in granulosa cells after 24 h of treatment. Furthermore, these results revealed that PG-1 increased the mRNA and protein expression of anti-apoptotic B cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 (BCL2) and the BCL2/Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) ratio while decreasing the expression of pro-apoptotic BAX and active caspase-3. Using Western blot analysis, it was found that PG-1 decreased the phosphorylation of RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and the α-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) as well as the protein expression level of CCAAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), all of which were increased by H2O2. Moreover, inhibitors against PERK and phospho-eIF2ɑ both suppressed the H2O2-induced granulosa cells apoptosis and enhanced the anti-apoptosis effect of PG-1. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that PG-1 inhibited porcine ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis from oxidative stress via the PERK/eIF2α/CHOP signaling pathway in vitro, which suggests the novel regulatory function of the antimicrobial peptide in the ovary.
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16
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Ouyang R, Zhao X, Zhang R, Yang J, Li S, Deng D. FGF21 attenuates high uric acid‑induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation and vascular endothelial cell dysfunction by activating Sirt1. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:35. [PMID: 34850960 PMCID: PMC8669652 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. Hyperuricemia has been previously reported to contribute to vascular endothelial dysfunction and the development of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney diseases. In addition, it has been reported that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) can exert regulatory effects on UA‑induced lipid accumulation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible role of FGF21 in HUVEC cell injury induced by UA. The study used UA to induce HUVEC cell injury, inhibited sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) expression using EX527 and overexpressed FGF21 by transfection. Subsequently, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expression levels of FGF21, Sirt1 and inflammatory cytokines TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6, whereas western blotting was performed to measure their corresponding protein expression levels including FGF21, Sirt1, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3, pro‑caspase1, apoptosis‑associated speck‑like protein containing a CARD, activating transcription factor 4, C/EBP homologous protein and eukaryotic initiation factor 2. Furthermore, dichloro‑dihydro‑fluorescein diacetate staining was performed to measure intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HUVECs. The levels of ROS and nitric oxide were also quantified using commercial assay kits. The results demonstrated that overexpression of FGF21 significantly inhibited UA treatment‑induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation and oxidative stress in HUVECs. Furthermore, overexpression of FGF21 significantly activated Sirt1. The sirt1 inhibitor, EX527, significantly abrogated the suppressive effects of FGF21 overexpression on ER stress, inflammation and oxidative stress in UA‑stimulated HUVECs. To conclude, results of the present study suggested that FGF21 may attenuate UA‑induced ER stress, inflammation and vascular endothelial cell dysfunction by activating Sirt1. Therefore, FGF21 may be a potential effective target for the future treatment of vascular endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ouyang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Rongping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Siyin Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Daihua Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
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17
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Zhu Y, Ju H, Lu H, Tang W, Lu J, Wang Q. The function role of ubiquitin proteasome pathway in the ER stress-induced AECII apoptosis during hyperoxia exposure. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:379. [PMID: 34809635 PMCID: PMC8607682 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in premature infants, characterized by alveolar dysplasia and pulmonary microvascular remodeling. In the present study, we have investigated the functional roles of ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP) in BPD, and its relationship with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) mediated type II alveolar epithelial cell (AECII) apoptosis. Methods A hyperoxia-induced BPD rat model was constructed and the pathologic changes of lung tissues were evaluated by hematoxylin–eosin staining. Cell apoptosis and protein expression were determined by TUNEL assay and Western blotting, respectively. Further reagent kit with specific fluorescent substrate was utilized to measure the activity of 20 s proteasome. Meanwhile, AECII were cultured in vitro and exposed to hyperoxia. AECII apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. In contrast, MG132 treatment was induced to explore UPP during hyperoxia exposure on AECII apoptosis and ERS sensors expression. Results A significant increase in apoptosis and total ubiquitinated proteins expression were observed in BPD rats and AECII culture, and the change of UPP was associated with ERS. In order to confirm the role of UPP in AECII apoptosis of BPD, AECII cells were treated by MG132 with the concentration of 10 μmol/L under hyperoxia exposure. We found that the proteins expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP-78), PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), as well as AECII apoptosis were increased following MG132 treatment. Furthermore, the relatively up-regulated in the levels of total ubiquitinated proteins expression and 20 s proteasome activity were correlated with increased ERS sensors expression. Conclusions Our findings indicate that UPP may participate in the ERS-induced AECII apoptosis under hyperoxia condition. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01751-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Ju
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junying Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, People's Republic of China
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18
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Chen Y, Qie X, Quan W, Zeng M, Qin F, Chen J, Adhikari B, He Z. Omnifarious fruit polyphenols: an omnipotent strategy to prevent and intervene diabetes and related complication? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-37. [PMID: 34792409 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome which cannot be cured. Recently, considerable interest has been focused on food ingredients to prevent and intervene in complications of diabetes. Polyphenolic compounds are one of the bioactive phytochemical constituents with various biological activities, which have drawn increasing interest in human health. Fruits are part of the polyphenol sources in daily food consumption. Fruit-derived polyphenols possess the anti-diabetic activity that has already been proved either from in vitro studies or in vivo studies. The mechanisms of fruit polyphenols in treating diabetes and related complications are under discussion. This is a comprehensive review on polyphenols from the edible parts of fruits, including those from citrus, berries, apples, cherries, mangoes, mangosteens, pomegranates, and other fruits regarding their potential benefits in preventing and treating diabetes mellitus. The signal pathways of characteristic polyphenols derived from fruits in reducing high blood glucose and intervening hyperglycemia-induced diabetic complications were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejiao Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Huang X, Can L, Zhao X, Wang Y, Xue J, Cheng M, Zhu L. Thymosin beta 4 alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver by inhibiting ferroptosis via up-regulation of GPX4. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174351. [PMID: 34280397 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thymosin beta 4 (Tβ4) can improve the liver fibrosis and reduce inflammation, while the role of Tβ4 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) whether mediated by ferroptosis remains unclear. A rat model of NAFLD was established on a high-fat diet (HFD), and rats were assigned ferroptosis inducer erastin and inhibitor Ferrostatin 1 (Fer-1). Subsequently, histopathology of the liver and the expression of ferroptosis-related genes in rat liver were detected. The steatosis of LO2 cells was induced by palmitic acid (PA) to reproduce the results of the rat experiment. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to interfere with GPX4 expression to explore the influence on Tβ4 function. Tβ4 improved the inflammation, biochemical and lipid metabolism indexes, increased the antioxidant level, and inhibited abnormal accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in HFD-induced NAFLD rats. Also, Tβ4 improved PA-induced LO2 damage and inhibited apoptosis of PA-induced LO2 cells. Both in vivo and in vitro, Tβ4 regulated expression of genes associated with ferroptosis, and Fer-1 treatment exaggerated the above effects of Tβ4, while erastin attenuated the protective effect of Tβ4. Moreover, siRNA GPX4 attenuated the protective effect of Tβ4 on the rat liver and on the mitochondrial membrane integrity of LO2 cells. Interfered expression of GPX4 with siRNA also regulated the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3 and SOD1, which attenuated therapeutic effect of Tβ4 on rat liver and LO2 cells. This study revealed that Tβ4 protects hepatocytes by inhibiting the GPX4-mediated ferroptosis pathway, which provides a new strategy and target for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang Guizhou Province, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Xinhao Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China.
| | - Li Can
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Xueke Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Yinghui Wang
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Mingliang Cheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Lili Zhu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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20
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Wang QL, Xing W, Yu C, Gao M, Deng LT. ROCK1 regulates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via TLR2-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress/pyroptosis axis. Mol Immunol 2021; 138:99-109. [PMID: 34365196 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that ROCK1 participates in the progression of multiple diseases, including septic intestinal barrier, cardiac dysfunction and acute lung injury. However, its regulatory role and specific mechanism in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) remain unclear. METHODS Cecal ligation puncture (CLP) was conducted to establish sepsis mouse model, and in vitro model was achieved by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Genes expression was evaluated by qRT-PCR, western blot or ELISA was conducted to assess the levels of proteins. Hoechst staining was performed to evaluate cell pyroptosis. LDH activity assay was detected to assess cytotoxicity. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect Ly-6G expression and neutrophils distribution in kidney tissues of mice. H&E and TUNEL staining were carried to evaluate kidney injury of mice. RESULTS Our findings illuminated that ROCK1 was highly expressed in sepsis-induced AKI, and ROCK1 knockdown inhibited NLRP3-mediated cell pyroptosis in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. Moreover, ROCK1 modulated HK-2 cell pyroptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). TLR2 inhibitor could suppress ERS mediated cell pyroptosis under LPS treatment. Further, TLR2 activator partially reversed the effects of ROCK1 inhibition on ERS mediated pyroptosis in LPS-treated HK-2 cells and CLP mice. CONCLUSION In conclusion, ROCK1 may regulate sepsis-induced AKI via TLR2-mediated ERS/pyroptosis axis. Our data demonstrated the role and underlying mechanism of ROCK1 in septic AKI, providing theoretical basis for sepsis-induced AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Lu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Long-Tian Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Guo Y, Yang C, Guo R, Huang R, Su Y, Wang S, Kong Y, Wang J, Tan C, Mo C, Wu C, Zhao B. CHOP Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Hepatoxicity Induced by Monocrotaline. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:685895. [PMID: 34108882 PMCID: PMC8181757 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.685895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocrotaline (MCT), a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, is the major toxin in Crotalaria, which causes cell apoptosis in humans and animals. It has been reported that the liver is a vulnerable target of MCT. However, the exact molecular mechanism of the interaction between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and liver injury induced by MCT is still unclear. In this study, the cytotoxicity of MCT on primary rat hepatocytes was analyzed by a CCK-8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. Protein expression was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. As a result, MCT significantly decreased the cell viability and mediated the apoptosis of primary rat hepatocytes. Meanwhile, MCT could also induce ER stress in hepatocytes, indicated by the expression of ER stress-related proteins, including GRP78, p-IRE1α, ATF6, p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP. Pretreatment with 4-PBA, an inhibitor of ER stress, or knockdown of CHOP by siRNA could partly enhance cell viability and relieve the apoptosis. Our findings indicate that ER stress is involved in the hepatotoxicity induced by MCT, and CHOP plays an important role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Rong Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruijie Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yongxia Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yezi Kong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chengjian Tan
- Department of Biotechnology, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chonghui Mo
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Chenchen Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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22
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FABP3-mediated membrane lipid saturation alters fluidity and induces ER stress in skeletal muscle with aging. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5661. [PMID: 33168829 PMCID: PMC7653047 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is characterized by decreased skeletal muscle mass and function with age. Aged muscles have altered lipid compositions; however, the role and regulation of lipids are unknown. Here we report that FABP3 is upregulated in aged skeletal muscles, disrupting homeostasis via lipid remodeling. Lipidomic analyses reveal that FABP3 overexpression in young muscles alters the membrane lipid composition to that of aged muscle by decreasing polyunsaturated phospholipid acyl chains, while increasing sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidylcholine. FABP3-dependent membrane lipid remodeling causes ER stress via the PERK-eIF2α pathway and inhibits protein synthesis, limiting muscle recovery after immobilization. FABP3 knockdown induces a young-like lipid composition in aged muscles, reduces ER stress, and improves protein synthesis and muscle recovery. Further, FABP3 reduces membrane fluidity and knockdown increases fluidity in vitro, potentially causing ER stress. Therefore, FABP3 drives membrane lipid composition-mediated ER stress to regulate muscle homeostasis during aging and is a valuable target for sarcopenia. Ageing leads to a loss of muscle mass and strength, called sarcopenia. Here, the authors show that fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3), a lipid chaperone, drives age-dependent lipidome remodeling in skeletal muscle and deteriorates muscle mass and contractility by modulating membrane fluidity and ER stress signaling.
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23
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Liu B, Deng Q, Zhang L, Zhu W. Nobiletin alleviates ischemia/reperfusion injury in the kidney by activating PI3K/AKT pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4655-4662. [PMID: 33173956 PMCID: PMC7646848 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that nobiletin (NOB) displays anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic efficacies against multiple pathological insults. However, the potential effects of NOB on the injury caused by ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) in the kidney remain undetermined. In the present study, I/R injury was elicited by right kidney removal and left renal pedicel clamping for 45 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. NOB was added at the start of reperfusion. Histological examination, detection of biomarkers in plasma, and measurement of apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) were used to evaluate renal injury. Additionally, the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 was also used in mechanistic experiments. NOB pre-treatment significantly reduced renal damage caused by I/R injury, as indicated by decreased serum levels of creatine, blood urea nitrogen and tubular injury scores. Furthermore, NOB inhibited elevated ERS-associated apoptosis, as evidenced by reduced apoptotic rates and ERS-related signaling molecules (such as, C/EBP homologous protein, caspase-12 and glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa). NOB increased phosphorylation of proteins in the PI3K/AKT pathway. The inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling with pharmacological inhibitors could reverse the beneficial effects of NOB during renal I/R insult. In conclusion, NOB pre-treatment may alleviate I/R injury in the kidney by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production and ERS-induced apoptosis, partly through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Urology, Jingmen No. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
| | - Quanhong Deng
- Department of Urology, Jingmen No. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Jingmen No. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
| | - Wen Zhu
- Department of Urology, Jingmen No. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
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