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Aboras SI, Megahed AA, El-Yazbi F, Maher HM. Utility of sustainable ratio derivative spectrophotometry for the concurrent assay of synergistic repurposed drugs for COVID-19 infections; Insilico pharmacokinetics proof. BMC Chem 2024; 18:50. [PMID: 38454503 PMCID: PMC10921645 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The cutting-edge combination of fluvoxamine (FVM) and ivermectin (IVM) has been presented as a proposed dosage form for the treatment of COVID-19 infections in early diagnosed patients. The main objective of this work is to develop simple, sensitive, and efficient methods for the synchronous quantification of FVM and IVM without any prior separation. Four green UV-methods were employed for the synchronous quantification, namely: Fourier functions convolution of absorption spectra, FFAS, Fourier functions convolution of derivative spectra of absorption curves, FFDS, Fourier function convolution of ratio spectra of absorption curves, FFRS and the dual-wavelength method, DWM. FFRS and DWM approaches can be able to reconcile the two components' significantly interfering spectrum presented in this commixture. Good linearity was checked in the range of 5-40, and 2.5-25 μg/mL for the FVM, and IVM, respectively. All approaches developed have been recommended in compliance with ICH principles. Furthermore, the approaches' greenness was predestined by "National Environmental Method Index" (NEMI), "Analytical GREEnness metric (AGREE)", the "Analytical Eco-Scale", and the "Green Analytical Procedure Index" (GAPI). In addition, spider diagram was utilized for the assessment of the greenness index of the solvent used. Beside greenness, the sustainability of our methods was investigated using the HEXAGON tool. Continuing the constant pursuit of greenness, drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between FVM & IVM were predicted by insilico tools to ensure the safety of the suggested mixture as a preliminary step before invitro and in vivo studies. Because they were deemed sustainable, affordable, and successful, the suggested UV-methods may be used for routine quality control investigations of the indicated formulations FVM & IVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Aboras
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Al-mesallah, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Megahed
- Al-Basra Health Unit, Alamriya Medical Area, Ministry of Health, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fawzy El-Yazbi
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Al-mesallah, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Hadir M Maher
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Al-mesallah, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
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2
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Derayea SM, Oraby M, Zaafan AAS, Hamad AA, Nagy DM. A facile on-off fluorescence approach for fluvoxamine determination in pharmaceutical tablets; application to content uniformity testing. RSC Adv 2024; 14:8283-8292. [PMID: 38469194 PMCID: PMC10926349 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08257a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A green-complied spectrofluorimetric approach for quantification of the antidepressant, fluvoxamine, has been established. The method that has been suggested relies on the development of an association complex between fluvoxamine and erythrosine B in an acetate buffer solution. After being excited at 530 nm, the quenching in erythrosine B's native fluorescence caused by complex formation with fluvoxamine was detected at a wavelength of 552 nm. The values of fluorescence quenching at the most optimal reaction conditions were rectilinear at the concentration range of 0.2-2.0 μg mL-1, with a good correlation coefficient (r = 0.9998). The detection limit for the method was 0.03 μg mL-1 while the quantitation limit was 0.09 μg mL-1. The suggested approach has been validated according to the ICH. The established approach was effectively used to determine the drug under study in its dosage form with an average percent recovery of 98.92 ± 0.87 (n = 5), with no effect caused by the existing excipients. The proposed approach was also successfully used for the content uniformity test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M Derayea
- Analytical chemistry Department, Faculty of pharmacy, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Mohamed Oraby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of pharmacy, Sohag University Sohag 82524 Egypt
| | - Al Amir S Zaafan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of pharmacy, Sohag University Sohag 82524 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdulhafez Hamad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University Assiut Branch Assiut 71524 Egypt
| | - Dalia M Nagy
- Analytical chemistry Department, Faculty of pharmacy, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
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Madani-Nejad E, Shokrollahi A, Shahdost-Fard F. A smartphone-based colorimetric assay using Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticles as the nanoprobes for visual tracing of fluvoxamine in biofluids as a common suicide drug. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 296:122665. [PMID: 37011439 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of gold (AuNPs) as the core and silver (AgNPs) as the shell have been synthesized and applied as the nanoprobe for detection of fluvoxamine (FXM) as the anti-depression drug. The physicochemical properties of the prepared citrate-capped Au@Ag core-shell NPs have been characterized by UV-Vis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. The design of the smartphone-based colorimetric FXM sensor relies on the fast hydrolysis of FXM under alkaline conditions by producing of 2-(Aminooxy)ethanamine without any significant peak at 400-700 nm. The interaction of the resulted molecule with the nanoprobe induced a red shift in the longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak of the nanoprobe, which was accompanied by sharp and vivid color variations in the solution. A linear relationship between the absorption signal increasing by FXM concentration increasing from 1 µM to 10 µM presented a simple, low cost and minimally instrumented format for FXM quantification with a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 nM. The collected visual data with the elegant colorimetric response of the nanoprobe in the presence of FXM from Indian red to light red violet and bluish-purple color offered simple detection of FXM with the naked eye. The satisfactory results of the proposed cost-effective sensor in the rapid assay of FXM in human serum, urine, saliva and pharmaceutical samples guarantee the potential of the nanoprobe for on-site and visual determination of FXM in actual samples. The proposed sensor as the first non-invasive FXM sensor for saliva sample analysis may hold great promise to provide the technical support for the rapid and valid detection of FXM for forensic medicine and clinical organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F Shahdost-Fard
- Department of Chemistry, Farhangian University, Tehran 19396-14464, Iran.
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4
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Ali HM, Hammad SF, El-Malla SF. Green spectrophotometric methods for determination of a monosodium glutamate in different matrices. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Abu‐hassan AA, Omar MA, Derayea SM. Use of acetylacetone for nano‐level assay of fluvoxamine maleate in pure form and pharmaceutical formulation. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 35:1360-1365. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Abu‐hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Al‐Azhar University, Assiut branch Assiut Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. Omar
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy Taibah University Medinah Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M. Derayea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Minia University Minia Egypt
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Abu‐hassan AA, Omar MA, Derayea SM. New approach for stability study and determination of fluvoxamine in raw materials and pharmaceuticals through condensation with 2,2‐dihydroxyindane‐1,3‐dione. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 35:934-940. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Abu‐hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyAl‐Azhar University, Assiut Branch Assiut Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. Omar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyMinia University Minia Egypt
| | - Sayed M. Derayea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyMinia University Minia Egypt
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7
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Derayea SM, Omar MA, Abu-hassan AA. Studying the association complex formation of atomoxetine and fluvoxamine with eosin Y and its application in their fluorimetric determination. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:170943. [PMID: 29657744 PMCID: PMC5882668 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple, sensitive and non-extractive spectrofluorimetric method has been developed and validated for the determination of two psychoanaleptic drugs, atomoxetine and fluvoxamine, in pure forms and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The proposed method is based on the formation of binary complexes between eosin Y and the studied drugs in the presence of a Teorell-Stenhagen buffer. The quenching of the native fluorescence of eosin Y due to complex formation with the studied drugs was measured spectrofluorimetrically at 545 nm after excitation at 302 nm. At the optimum reaction conditions, the fluorescence quenching values (ΔF) and concentrations were rectilinear over the concentration ranges of 0.2-2.2 and 0.3-2.2 µg ml-1 for atomoxetine and fluvoxamine, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of the studied drugs in their pharmaceutical formulations with average percentage recoveries of 100.13 ± 0.66 and 99.69 ± 0.44 for atomoxetine and fluvoxamine, respectively (n = 5), without interference from common excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M. Derayea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Author for correspondence: Sayed M. Derayea e-mail:
| | - Mahmoud A. Omar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Abu-hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut branch, Assiut, Egypt
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Yang D, He Y, Chen F. Determination of fluvoxamine maleate in human urine and human serum using alkaline KMnO 4 -rhodamine B chemiluminescence. LUMINESCENCE 2017; 32:1077-1083. [PMID: 28371383 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The flow-injection chemiluminescence (FI-CL) behavior of a gold nanocluster (Au NC)-enhanced rhodamine B-KMnO4 system was studied under alkaline conditions for the first time. In the present study, the as-prepared bovine serum albumin-stabilized Au NCs showed excellent stability and reproducibility. The addition of trace levels of fluvoxamine maleate (Flu) led to an obvious decline in CL intensity in the rhodamine B-KMnO4 -Au NCs system, which could be used for quantitative detection of Flu. Under optimized conditions, the proposed CL system exhibited a favorable analytical performance for Flu determination in the range 2 to 100 μg ml-1 . The detection limit for Flu measurement was 0.021 μg ml-1 . Moreover, this newly developed system revealed outstanding selectivity for Flu detection when compared with a multitude of other species, such as the usual ions, uric acid and a section of hydroxy compounds. Additionally, CL spectra, UV-visible spectroscopes and fluorescence spectra were measured in order to determine the possible reaction mechanism. This approach could be used to detect Flu in human urine and human serum samples with the desired recoveries and could have promising application under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan He
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Funan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Ali Ahmed SM, Elbashir AA, Aboul-Enein HY. New spectrophotometric method for determination of cephalosporins in pharmaceutical formulations. ARAB J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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10
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Ferraz RS, Mendonça EAM, Silva JPA, Cavalcanti IMF, Lira-Nogueira MCB, Galdino SL, Pitta IR, Lima MDCA, Santos-Magalhães NS. Validation of a UV-spectrophotometric analytical method for determination of LPSF/AC04 from inclusion complex and liposomes. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502015000100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a UV spectrophotometric method for determination of LPSF/AC04 from inclusion complex and encapsulated into liposomes. The validation parameters were determined according to the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) and National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) guidelines. LPSF/AC04 was determined at 250 nm in methanol by a UV spectrophotometric method, exhibiting linearity in the range from 0.3 to 2 µg.mL−1 (Absorbance=0.18068 x [LPSF/AC04 µg.mL-1] + 0.00348), (r2=0.9995). The limits of detection and quantification were 0.047µg.mL−1 and 0.143µg.mL−1, respectively. The method was accurate, precise, reproducible and robust since all the samples analyzed had coefficient of variation of less than 5% and no statistically significant difference between theoretical and practical concentrations was detected. Thus, a rapid, simple, low cost and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for determining the content of inclusion complex and liposomes containing LPSF/AC04.
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11
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Hassanzadeh J, Amjadi M. Sensitive and selective determination of fluvoxamine maleate using a sensitive chemiluminescence system based on the alkaline permanganate-Rhodamine B-gold nanoparticles reaction. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 30:439-43. [PMID: 25214010 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A high-yield chemiluminescence (CL) system based on the alkaline permanganate-Rhodamine B reaction was developed for the sensitive determination of fluvoxamine maleate (Flu). Rhodamine B is oxidized by alkaline KMnO4 and a weak CL emission is produced. It was demonstrated that gold nanoparticles greatly enhance this CL emission due to their interaction with Rhodamine B molecules. It is also observed that sodium dodecyl sulfate, an anionic surfactant, can strongly increase this enhancement. In addition, it was demonstrated that a notable decrease in the CL intensity is observed in the presence of Flu. This may be related to Flu oxidation with KMnO4 . There is a linear relationship between the decrease in CL intensity and the Flu concentration over a range of 2-300 µg/L. A new simple, rapid and sensitive CL method was developed for the determination of Flu with a detection limit (3s) of 1.35 µg/L. The proposed method was used for the determination of Flu in pharmaceutical and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Hassanzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
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Abolhasani J, Hassanzadeh J. Potassium permanganate-acridine yellow chemiluminescence system for the determination of fluvoxamine, isoniazid and ceftriaxone. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 29:1053-8. [PMID: 24753178 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Based on the oxidation of acridine yellow by permanganate in basic medium, a new chemiluminescence system was developed for the sensitive determination of some important drugs. The remarkable inhibiting effect of fluvoxamine, ceftriaxone and isoniazid on this reaction was applied to their detection. A possible mechanism was proposed for this system based on chemiluminescence emission wavelengths and experimental observations. Under optimum conditions, calibration graphs were obtained for 1 × 10(-9) to 1 × 10(-6) mol/L of fluvoxamine; 2 × 10(-8) to 8 × 10(-6) mol/L of ceftriaxone and 5 × 10(-8) to 4 × 10(-5) mol/L of isoniazid. This proposed method was satisfactorily used in the determination of these drugs in pharmaceutical samples and human urine and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Abolhasani
- Department of Chemistry, East Azerbaijan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods for the determination of saxagliptin and vildagliptin in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Analytical study for the charge-transfer complexes of rosuvastatin calcium with π-acceptors. Molecules 2013; 18:7711-25. [PMID: 23823872 PMCID: PMC6269705 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18077711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies were carried out to investigate the charge-transfer (CT) reaction of ROS-Ca, as a n-electron donor with various π-acceptors: tetracyanoethylene, p-chloranilic acid, 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,3,5,6-tetrabromo-1,4-benzoquinone, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone, 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-quinodimethane, and 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone. Different colored CT complexes were obtained. The reaction mechanism and site of interaction were determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric techniques and computational molecular modeling. The formation of the colored complexes was utilized in the development of simple, rapid and accurate spectrophotometric methods for the determination of ROS-Ca. Under the optimum reaction conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (0.9984–0.9995) were found between the absorbances and the concentrations of ROS-Ca in the range of 2–200 μg mL−1. The limits of detection ranged from 0.41 to 12.24 μg mL−1. No interference could be observed from the additives commonly present in the tablets or from the drugs that are co-formulated with ROS-Ca in its combined formulations. The methods were successfully applied to the analysis of tablets with good accuracy and precision; the recovery percentages ranged from 99.54–100.46 ± 1.58–1.82%. The results were compared favorably with the reported method. The proposed methods are practical and valuable for routine application in quality control laboratories for determination of ROS-Ca in its bulk form and tablets.
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Ashour S, Bayram R. Novel spectrophotometric method for determination of some macrolide antibiotics in pharmaceutical formulations using 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 99:74-80. [PMID: 23041925 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
New, simple and rapid spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated for the assay of two macrolide drugs, azithromycin (AZT) and erythromycin (ERY) in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method was based on the reaction of AZT and ERY with sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (NQS) in alkaline medium at 25 °C to form an orange-colored product of maximum absorption peak at 452 nm. All variables were studied to optimize the reaction conditions and the reaction mechanism was postulated. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range 1.5-33.0 and 0.92-8.0 μg mL(-1) with limit of detection values of 0.026 and 0.063 μg mL(-1) for AZT and ERY, respectively. The calculated molar absorptivity values are 4.3 × 10(4) and 12.3 × 10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1) for AZT and ERY, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of AZT and ERY in formulations and the results tallied well with the label claim. The results were statistically compared with those of an official method by applying the Student's t-test and F-test. No interference was observed from the concomitant substances normally added to preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwan Ashour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.
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Wani TA, Ahmad A, Zargar S, Khalil NY, Darwish IA. Use of response surface methodology for development of new microwell-based spectrophotometric method for determination of atrovastatin calcium in tablets. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:134. [PMID: 23146143 PMCID: PMC3505740 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Response surface methodology by Box-Behnken design employing the multivariate approach enables substantial improvement in the method development using fewer experiments, without wastage of large volumes of organic solvents, which leads to high analysis cost. This methodology has not been employed for development of a method for analysis of atorvastatin calcium (ATR-Ca). RESULTS The present research study describes the use of in optimization and validation of a new microwell-based UV-Visible spectrophotometric method of for determination of ATR-Ca in its tablets. By the use of quadratic regression analysis, equations were developed to describe the behavior of the response as simultaneous functions of the selected independent variables. Accordingly, the optimum conditions were determined which included concentration of 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), time of reaction and temperature. The absorbance of the colored-CT complex was measured at 460 nm by microwell-plate absorbance reader. The method was validated, in accordance with ICH guidelines for accuracy, precision, selectivity and linearity (r² = 0.9993) over the concentration range of 20-200 μg/ml. The assay was successfully applied to the analysis of ATR-Ca in its pharmaceutical dosage forms with good accuracy and precision. CONCLUSION The assay described herein has great practical value in the routine analysis of ATR-Ca in quality control laboratories, as it has high throughput property, consumes minimum volume of organic solvent thus it offers the reduction in the exposures of the analysts to the toxic effects of organic solvents, environmentally friendly "Green" approach) and reduction in the analysis cost by 50-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer A Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P,O, Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Darwish IA, Al-Shehri MM, El-Gendy MA. Novel spectrophotometric method for determination of cinacalcet hydrochloride in its tablets via derivatization with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate. Chem Cent J 2012; 6:11. [PMID: 22305461 PMCID: PMC3295732 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-6-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study represents the first report on the development of a novel spectrophotometric method for determination of cinacalcet hydrochloride (CIN) in its tablet dosage forms. Studies were carried out to investigate the reaction between CIN and 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (NQS) reagent. In alkaline medium (pH 8.5), an orange red-colored product exhibiting maximum absorption peak (λmax) at 490 nm was produced. The stoichiometry and kinetic of the reaction were investigated and the reaction mechanism was postulated. This color-developing reaction was employed in the development of a simple and rapid visible-spectrophotometric method for determination of CIN in its tablets. Under the optimized reaction conditions, Beer's law correlating the absorbance with CIN concentration was obeyed in the range of 3 - 100 μg/ml with good correlation coefficient (0.9993). The molar absorptivity (ε) was 4.2 × 105 l/mol/cm. The limits of detection and quantification were 1.9 and 5.7 μg/ml, respectively. The precision of the method was satisfactory; the values of relative standard deviations (RSD) did not exceed 2%. No interference was observed from the excipients that are present in the tablets. The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of CIN in its pharmaceutical tablets with good accuracy and precisions; the label claim percentage was 100.80 - 102.23 ± 1.27 - 1.62%. The results were compared favorably with those of a reference pre-validated method. The method is practical and valuable in terms of its routine application in quality control laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P,O, Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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New Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determination of Cephalosporins in Pharmaceutical Formulations. J Fluoresc 2011; 22:857-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-1021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wani TA, Khalil NY, Abdel-Rahman HM, Darwish IA. Novel microwell-based spectrophotometric assay for determination of atorvastatin calcium in its pharmaceutical formulations. Chem Cent J 2011; 5:57. [PMID: 21982201 PMCID: PMC3212923 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-5-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of a colored charge-transfer (CT) complex between atorvastatin calcium (ATR-Ca) as a n-electron donor and 2, 3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) as a π-electron acceptor was investigated, for the first time. The spectral characteristics of the CT complex have been described, and the reaction mechanism has been proved by computational molecular modeling. The reaction was employed in the development of a novel microwell-based spectrophotometric assay for determination of ATR-Ca in its pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed assay was carried out in 96-microwell plates. The absorbance of the colored-CT complex was measured at 460 nm by microwell-plate absorbance reader. The optimum conditions of the reaction and the analytical procedures of the assay were established. Under the optimum conditions, linear relationship with good correlation coefficient (0.9995) was found between the absorbance and the concentration of ATR-Ca in the range of 10-150 μg/well. The limits of detection and quantitation were 5.3 and 15.8 μg/well, respectively. No interference was observed from the additives that are present in the pharmaceutical formulation or from the drugs that are co-formulated with ATR-Ca in its combined formulations. The assay was successfully applied to the analysis of ATR-Ca in its pharmaceutical dosage forms with good accuracy and precision. The assay described herein has great practical value in the routine analysis of ATR-Ca in quality control laboratories, as it has high throughput property, consumes minimum volume of organic solvent thus it offers the reduction in the exposures of the analysts to the toxic effects of organic solvents, and reduction in the analysis cost by 50-fold. Although the proposed assay was validated for ATR-Ca, however, the same methodology could be used for any electron-donating analyte for which a CT reaction can be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer A Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P,O, Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Gouda AA, Hashem H, Hassan W. Spectophotometric methods for determination of cefdinir in pharmaceutical formulations via derivatization with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole. Drug Test Anal 2011; 4:991-1000. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Darwish IA, Sultan MA, Al-Arfaj HA. Selective kinetic spectrophotometric method for determination of gatifloxacin based on formation of its N-vinyl chlorobenzoquinone derivative. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2010; 75:334-339. [PMID: 19939728 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A selective and simple kinetic spectrophotometric has been developed, for the first time, for the determination of gatifloxacin (GAT) in its dosage forms. The method was based on the formation of a colored N-vinyl chlorobenzoquinone derivative of GAT by its reaction with 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone in presence of acetaldehyde. The formation of the colored product was monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbances at 655 nm. The factors affecting the reaction were studied and optimized. The stoichiometry of the reaction was determined, and the reaction pathway was postulated. Under the optimized conditions, the initial rate and fixed time (at 5 min) methods were utilized for constructing the calibration graphs. The graphs were linear in the concentration ranges of 2-100 and 10-140 microg ml(-1) with limits of detection of 0.84 and 3.5 microg ml(-1) for the initial rate and fixed time methods, respectively. The analytical performance of both methods was fully validated, and the results were satisfactory. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of GAT in its commercial dosage forms. The label claim percentages were 99.7-100.5 and 98.2-99.5% for the initial rate and fixed time methods, respectively. Statistical comparison of the results with those of the reference method showed excellent agreement and proved that there was no significant difference in the accuracy and precision between the reference and the proposed methods. The proposed methods are superior to all the previously reported spectrophotometric methods in terms of the procedure simplicity and assay selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Sultan MA. New, simple and validated kinetics spectrophotometric method for determination of moxifloxacine in its pharmaceutical formulations. ARAB J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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