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Oshaghi S. Nano-sized magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer solid-phase microextraction for highly selective recognition and enrichment of sulfamethoxazole from spiked water samples. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1729:465016. [PMID: 38852266 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This research, described ultrasound-assisted dispersive magnetic solid-phase microextraction, which is efficient for the enrichment and determination of sulfamethoxazole, based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (USA-DMSPME-MIP). Meanwhile, the initial characterization of Fe3O4-MIP was completed by conventional methods and well-known protocols to obtain recognition and adsorbing performance at pre-specified optimum conditions. Fe3O4-MIP exhibited information regarding its selective recognition pattern towards sulfamethoxazole. The USA-DMSPME-MIP parameters were optimized by response surface methodology, and based on optimum conditions, this efficient method for the extraction and enrichment of sulfamethoxazole from spiked water samples and quantification by HPLC-UV was used. The enhanced technique indicates the limit of detection is 2 ng mL-1 for sulfamethoxazole, along with excellent linear range with coefficients of determination >0.99 and good recoveries for spiked water samples (94.2 and 98.2 %) with RSDs less than 3.5 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Oshaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran.
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Munonde TS, Nqombolo A, Hobongwana S, Mpupa A, Nomngongo PN. Removal of methylene blue using MnO 2@rGO nanocomposite from textile wastewater: Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics studies. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15502. [PMID: 37151643 PMCID: PMC10161714 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the adsorptive removal of methylene blue dye, which is commonly used in textile industries, was investigated using the MnO2@reduced graphene oxide (rGO) adsorbent. The sonication-assisted synthesis from rGO nanosheets and MnO2 nanoparticles resulted to the MnO2@rGO nanocomposite with improved physicochemical properties. The characterization results showed the improved surface area, porous structure and adsorption sites from the nitrogen adsorption-desorption studies, improved morphology from the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and the improved crystal structure from X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The improved physicochemical properties on the MnO2@rGO nanocomposite played a significant role in enhancing the dye removal in textile wastewater. The equilibrium experimental data was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 156 mg g-1, suggesting a monolayer adsorption. The kinetic data best fitted the pseudo-second order kinetic model, suggesting a chemisorption adsorption process. The thermodynamic data (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) confirmed the feasibility, randomness and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. The mechanism of adsorption involved the hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions and electrostatic interactions. The removal of methylene blue using MnO2@rGO nanocomposite in spiked textile wastewater yielded a 98-99% removal. The method demonstrated competitiveness when compared with literature reported results, paving way for further investigations towards industrial scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tshimangadzo S. Munonde
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI) in Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Azile Nqombolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI) in Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - Siphosethu Hobongwana
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI) in Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Anele Mpupa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI) in Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI) in Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
- Corresponding author.Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
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Mpupa A, Nqombolo A, Mizaikoff B, Nomngongo PN. Beta-Cyclodextrin-Decorated Magnetic Activated Carbon as a Sorbent for Extraction and Enrichment of Steroid Hormones (Estrone, β-Estradiol, Hydrocortisone and Progesterone) for Liquid Chromatographic Analysis. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010248. [PMID: 35011480 PMCID: PMC8747044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A β-cyclodextrin-decorated magnetic activated carbon adsorbent was prepared and characterized using various analytical techniques (X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–electron diffraction spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)), and the adsorbent was used in the development of a magnetic solid-phase microextraction (MSPE) method for the preconcentration of estrone, β-estradiol, hydrocortisone and progesterone in wastewater and river water samples. This method was optimized using the central composite design in order to determine the experimental parameters affecting the extraction procedure. The quantification of hormones was achieved using high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Under optimum conditions, the linearity ranged from 0.04 to 300 µg L−1 with a correlation of determinations of 0.9969–0.9991. The limits of detection and quantification were between 0.01–0.03 and 0.033–0.1 µg L−1, with intraday and interday precisions at 1.1–3.4 and 3.2–4.2. The equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, and high adsorption capacities (217–294 mg g−1) were obtained. The developed procedure demonstrated high potential as an effective technique for use in wastewater samples without significant interferences, and the adsorbent could be reused up to eight times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anele Mpupa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (A.M.); (A.N.); (B.M.)
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI), Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Azile Nqombolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (A.M.); (A.N.); (B.M.)
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI), Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (A.M.); (A.N.); (B.M.)
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (A.M.); (A.N.); (B.M.)
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI), Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-11-559-6571
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Occurrence, quantification, and adsorptive removal of nodularin in seawater, wastewater and river water. Toxicon 2020; 180:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Le TH, Lee HJ, Kim JH, Park SJ. Highly Selective Fluorescence Sensor Based on Graphene Quantum Dots for Sulfamethoxazole Determination. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112521. [PMID: 32492851 PMCID: PMC7321422 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In our research, a reliable fluorescence sensor for the detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) was developed. This method relies on graphene quantum dots (GQDs) entrapped in a silica molecularly imprinted polymer (GQDs@SMIP), which was synthesized by the polymerization using GQDs, SMZ, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as fluorescence material, template, cross-linker, and functional monomers, respectively. The GQDs@SMIP was characterized by fluorometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopies, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. The GQDs@SMIP exhibited a good capacity to absorb SMZ from solution, which resulted in the quenching of the GQD fluorescence intensity. The intensity of GQDs@SMIP decreased linearly with the SMZ concentration in the range of 1 to 100 µM with a correlation coefficient of 0.99537. In addition, the fluorescence responses of GQDs@SMIP to interfering substances were investigated. The results indicated that there was no effect of interfering substances on SMZ detection. Thus, the highly selective GQDs@SMIP fluorescence sensor is an effective and promising device for SMZ detection and analysis.
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Ganesan S, Karthick K, Namasivayam C, Arul Pragasan L, Kirankumar VS, Devaraj S, Ponnusamy VK. Discarded biodiesel waste-derived lignocellulosic biomass as effective biosorbent for removal of sulfamethoxazole drug. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:17619-17630. [PMID: 31845244 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to evaluate the removal of pharmaceutical drug using discarded biodiesel waste-derived lignocellulosic-based activated carbon biomaterial. Lignocellulosic-based activated carbon (LAC) biomaterial was prepared from Jatropha shell (biodiesel processing waste) by a zinc chloride activation method. The LAC biomaterial was characterized using various techniques including powder XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDAX, and BET analysis. LAC biomaterial was applied to examine the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) drug in aqueous solution under ambient temperature. Various experimental parameters such as the effect of pH, treatment time, adsorbate concentration, and LAC dose of adsorption experiments were thoroughly examined and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, LAC biomaterial showed the maximum adsorption removal efficiency of SMZ drug. The kinetic models of Lagergren first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion, and Bhangam's equation for SMZ removal onto LAC were used to recognize the probable mechanism of adsorption manner. From the experimental results, the Freundlich isotherm model (Kf = 83.56 mg g-1 (L mg-1)1/n) shows similar fit than the Langmuir (Q0 = 206.2 mg g-1) and Dubinin-Radushkevich (Qm = 150.69 mg g-1) condition models of adsorption isotherms. The rate constants of adsorption were found to confirm the pseudo-first-order kinetic and Bhangam's models with a significant correlation. The separation factor (RL) showed the favorable condition of the adsorption isotherm for the experimental system. The desorption results indicate that the ionic molecular exchange of SMZ from the hydroxyl group of LAC surface plays an important role in the recycling processes. Therefore, these results proved that the prepared low-cost LAC biomaterial could be used as an efficient adsorption material for the effective removal of pharmaceutical drugs in aqueous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivarasan Ganesan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
- Division of Environmental Ecology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | - Kumaravel Karthick
- Division of Environmental Ecology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
- Division of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | - Chinnaya Namasivayam
- Division of Environmental Chemistry, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | - Lingassamy Arul Pragasan
- Division of Environmental Ecology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | - V S Kirankumar
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Sabarinathan Devaraj
- Biopharmacy Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
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Ultrasonic-Assisted Magnetic Solid-Phase Dispersive Extraction for Determination of Chlorpyrifos and Triclosan in Wastewater Samples prior to Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Detection. Chromatographia 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Wang AY, Sun K, Wu L, Wu P, Zeng W, Tian Z, Huang QX. Co-carbonization of biomass and oily sludge to prepare sulfamethoxazole super-adsorbent materials. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134238. [PMID: 31505360 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Different biomass materials (walnut shell, coconut shell or cottonwood sawdust) were co-pyrolyzed with carbon-enriched oily sludge to produce aqueous phase sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) adsorption materials. The co-pyrolysis char was activated with K2CO3 to modify its micro-structure and functional groups. Results show that ACs prepared from the mixture contained more mesopores than biomass-based ACs, more porous and higher yield than oily sludge-based ACs. One-step activation method was more attractive than two-step activation in larger specific surface area (up to almost 4 times), wider pore size distribution (2-3 nm), stronger SMZ adsorption ability (higher than 2 times). The maximum BET surface area was 1342 m2/g for the ACs prepared from the mixture of walnut shell and oily sludge by one-step activation and it had the maximum SMZ adsorption capacity up to 361.9 mg/g, which is higher than previous reported values. The capacity of SMZ adsorption of ACs was mainly attributed to pore size distribution, specific surface area and functional groups. Among them, the appropriate content of CO and CO functional groups, larger specific area and more pores range from 2 to 3 nm lead to higher adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory Clean Energy Utilization, 38 Zheda Road, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory Clean Energy Utilization, 38 Zheda Road, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
| | - Liping Wu
- Xinjiang Yucheng Thermal Power Co. LTD, 206 Jingsi Road, Karamay 834000, PR China
| | - Ping Wu
- Xinjiang Yucheng Thermal Power Co. LTD, 206 Jingsi Road, Karamay 834000, PR China
| | - Wenchao Zeng
- Xinjiang Yucheng Thermal Power Co. LTD, 206 Jingsi Road, Karamay 834000, PR China
| | - Zhongmin Tian
- Xinjiang Yucheng Thermal Power Co. LTD, 206 Jingsi Road, Karamay 834000, PR China
| | - Qun-Xing Huang
- State Key Laboratory Clean Energy Utilization, 38 Zheda Road, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China.
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Pamphile N, Xuejiao L, Guangwei Y, Yin W. Synthesis of a novel core-shell-structure activated carbon material and its application in sulfamethoxazole adsorption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 368:602-612. [PMID: 30721855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The increasing release of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) into water poses serious threats to human beings. In this study, a novel core-shell activated carbon (CSAC) material with a high-mechanical-strength porous ceramic shell was synthesized and tested by adsorbing sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from aqueous solutions. An activated carbon core (AC core) was synthesized from a mixture of powder AC (92%) and cassava waste splinters binder (8%). Moreover, a shell with a high thickness of 0.13 cm and compressive strength (2.92 MPa) was generated from the mixture of coal fly ash and clay at ratio of 60:40. It demonstrated high protection of the AC core. The adsorption efficiency of SMX by CSAC attained 99.0% and 97.9% at initial concentrations of 5 and 10 mg L-1, respectively. Furthermore, 77.0, 68.6 and 60.4% of SMX were adsorbed at higher concentrations of 30, 50, and 100 mg L-1, respectively. The kinetics study demonstrated that the adsorption of SMX followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Moreover, the sorption isotherm was better fitted to Freundlich isotherms. Finally, SMX adsorption on CSAC simultaneously depended on the pore texture of CSAC and the hydrophobic properties of SMX, as well as the π-π bonds and electrostatic interactions between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndagijimana Pamphile
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liu Xuejiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Guangwei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Wang Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Mashile PP, Dimpe MK, Nomngongo PN. Application of waste tyre-based powdered activated carbon for the adsorptive removal of cylindrospermopsin toxins from environmental matrices: Optimization using response surface methodology and desirability function. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:679-685. [PMID: 30821608 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1579538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) derived from waste tyre was investigated for the removal of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) from aqueous solutions and spiked real water samples. Response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design was used for the optimization of experimental conditions. Based on the desirability score of 1.0, the percentage recovery of CYN was optimized at 104% and the optimum conditions were found to be 50.0 mg for the mass of adsorbent, 60 min for contact time and sample pH value of 3. The experimental equilibrium data best fitted Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum monolayer adsorption uptake of the waste tyre-based AC (WTAC) was 107 µg g-1. Kinetic studies demonstrated that the adsorption data were best described by pseudo-second-order. Finally, the optimized adsorption process was applied for the removal of CYN from real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phodiso P Mashile
- a Department of Applied Chemistry , University of Johannesburg , Johannesburg , South Africa
| | - Mogolodi K Dimpe
- a Department of Applied Chemistry , University of Johannesburg , Johannesburg , South Africa
| | - Philiswa N Nomngongo
- a Department of Applied Chemistry , University of Johannesburg , Johannesburg , South Africa
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Deveci S, Çetinkaya E, Dönmez KB, Orman S, Doğu M. Development of preconcentration process of iron by using graphene adsorbent and experimental design methodology. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Mashile GP, Mpupa A, Nomngongo PN. In-Syringe Micro Solid-Phase Extraction Method for the Separation and Preconcentration of Parabens in Environmental Water Samples. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061450. [PMID: 29904011 PMCID: PMC6100510 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a simple, rapid and effective in-syringe micro-solid phase extraction (MSPE) method was developed for the separation and preconcetration of parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl paraben) in environmental water samples. The parabens were determined and quantified using high performance liquid chromatography and a photo diode array detector (HPLC-PDA). Chitosan-coated activated carbon (CAC) was used as the sorbent in the in-syringe MSPE device. A response surface methodology based on central composite design was used for the optimization of factors (eluent solvent type, eluent volume, number of elution cycles, sample volume, sample pH) affecting the extraction efficiency of the preconcentration procedure. The adsorbent used displayed excellent absorption performance and the adsorption capacity ranged from 227–256 mg g−1. Under the optimal conditions the dynamic linear ranges for the parabens were between 0.04 and 380 µg L−1. The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 6–15 ng L−1 and 20–50 ng L−1, respectively. The intraday (repeatability) and interday (reproducibility) precisions expressed as relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 5%. Furthermore, the in-syringe MSPE/HPLC procedure was validated using spiked wastewater and tap water samples and the recoveries ranged between from 96.7 to 107%. In conclusion, CAC based in-syringe MSPE method demonstrated great potential for preconcentration of parabens in complex environmental water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geaneth Pertunia Mashile
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
| | - Anele Mpupa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
| | - Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
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Mashile PP, Mpupa A, Nomngongo PN. Adsorptive removal of microcystin-LR from surface and wastewater using tyre-based powdered activated carbon: Kinetics and isotherms. Toxicon 2018; 145:25-31. [PMID: 29501826 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Microcystin LR (MC-LR) is a highly toxic compound and it is known for its adverse health effect on both humans and animals. Due to the ineffectiveness of conventional water treatments methods, for the past decades, researchers have been developing cost-effective ways of removing MC-LR from water bodies. This study reports the application of powdered activated carbon (PAC) obtained from the waste tyre for the removal of MC-LR. The choice of the adsorbent was chosen due to its attractive properties. The prepared tyre-based PAC was found to have the large surface area (1111 m2 g-1). The detection of MC-LR was achieved using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a PDA detector. The experimental parameters (such as optimum pH, dosage and contact time) affecting the removal of MC-LR using tyre based-powdered activated carbon were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Maximum removal of MC-LR was achieved under the following optimum conditions; sample pH 4, carbon dosage concentration 10,000 mg L-1 and contact time of 34 min. Under optimum conditions, kinetic studies and adsorption isotherms reflected better fit for pseudo-second-order rate and Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. The optimized method was applied for the removal of MC-LR in wastewater sample. The effluent and influent sample contained initial concentrations ranging from 0.52 to 8.54 μg L-1 and the removal efficiency was 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phodiso P Mashile
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Anele Mpupa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Philiswa N Nomngongo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
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