1
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A Review on Microstructural Formations of Discontinuous Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Prepared via Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing: Fiber Orientation, Fiber Attrition, and Micro-Voids Distribution. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224941. [PMID: 36433068 PMCID: PMC9699595 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymer composite (DFRPC) provides superior mechanical performances in material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) parts, and thus promotes their implementations in engineering applications. However, the process-induced structural defects of DFRPCs increase the probability of pre-mature failures as the manufactured parts experience complicated external loads. In light of this, the meso-structures of the MEAM parts have been discussed previously, while systematic analyses reviewing the studies of the micro-structural formations of the composites are limited. This paper summarizes the current state-of-the-art in exploring the correlations between the MEAM processes and the associated micro-structures of the produced composites. Experimental studies and numerical analyses including fiber orientation, fiber attrition, and micro-voids are collected and discussed. Based on the review and parametric study results, it is considered that the theories and numerical characterizations on fiber length attrition and micro-porosities within the MEAM-produced composites are in high demand, which is a potential topic for further explorations.
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2
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Highly oriented PVDF molecular chains for enhanced material performance. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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3
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Liu Z, Lyu J, Ding Y, Bao Y, Sheng Z, Shi N, Zhang X. Nanoscale Kevlar Liquid Crystal Aerogel Fibers. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15237-15248. [PMID: 36053080 PMCID: PMC9527790 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aerogel fibers, the simultaneous embodiment of aerogel porous network and fiber slender geometry, have shown critical advantages over natural and synthetic fibers in thermal insulation. However, how to control the building block orientation degree of the resulting aerogel fibers during the dynamic sol-gel transition process to expand their functions for emerging applications is a great challenge. Herein, nanoscale Kevlar liquid crystal (NKLC) aerogel fibers with different building block orientation degrees have been fabricated from Kevlar nanofibers via liquid crystal spinning, dynamic sol-gel transition, freeze-drying, and cold plasma hydrophobilization in sequence. The resulting NKLC aerogel fibers demonstrate extremely high mechanical strength (41.0 MPa), excellent thermal insulation (0.037 W·m-1·K-1), and self-cleaning performance (with a water contact angle of 154°). The superhydrophobic NKLC aerogel fibers can cyclically transform between aerogel and gel states, while gel fibers involving different building block orientation degrees display distinguishable brightness under polarized light. Based on these performances, digital textiles woven or embroidered with high- and low-orientated NKLC aerogel fibers enable up to 6.0 Gb information encryption in one square meter and on-demand decryption. Therefore, it can be envisioned that the tuning of the building blocks' orientation degree will be an appropriate strategy to endow performance to the liquid crystal aerogel fibers for potential applications beyond thermal insulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengwei Liu
- School
of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jing Lyu
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yi Ding
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yaqian Bao
- School
of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhizhi Sheng
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Nan Shi
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuetong Zhang
- Suzhou
Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Division
of Surgery and Interventional Science, University
College London, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
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Wan B, Song Q, Peng H, Cui Y, Wang H, Wang S, Zhu Z. Structure analysis and Pb2+-resistant activity of novel oligosaccharide from Trichoderma asperellum. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Cheesbrough A, Sciscione F, Riccio F, Harley P, R'Bibo L, Ziakas G, Darbyshire A, Lieberam I, Song W. Biobased Elastomer Nanofibers Guide Light-Controlled Human-iPSC-Derived Skeletal Myofibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110441. [PMID: 35231133 PMCID: PMC9131876 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Generating skeletal muscle tissue that mimics the cellular alignment, maturation, and function of native skeletal muscle is an ongoing challenge in disease modeling and regenerative therapies. Skeletal muscle cultures require extracellular guidance and mechanical support to stabilize contractile myofibers. Existing microfabrication-based solutions are limited by complex fabrication steps, low throughput, and challenges in measuring dynamic contractile function. Here, the synthesis and characterization of a new biobased nanohybrid elastomer, which is electrospun into aligned nanofiber sheets to mimic the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix, is presented. The polymer exhibits remarkable hyperelasticity well-matched to that of native skeletal muscle (≈11-50 kPa), with ultimate strain ≈1000%, and elastic modulus ≈25 kPa. Uniaxially aligned nanofibers guide myoblast alignment, enhance sarcomere formation, and promote a ≈32% increase in myotube fusion and ≈50% increase in myofiber maturation. The elastomer nanofibers stabilize optogenetically controlled human induced pluripotent stem cell derived skeletal myofibers. When activated by blue light, the myofiber-nanofiber hybrid constructs maintain a significantly higher (>200%) contraction velocity and specific force (>280%) compared to conventional culture methods. The engineered myofibers exhibit a power density of ≈35 W m-3 . This system is a promising new skeletal muscle tissue model for applications in muscular disease modeling, drug discovery, and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Cheesbrough
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Fabiola Sciscione
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Federica Riccio
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Peter Harley
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Lea R'Bibo
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Georgios Ziakas
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Arnold Darbyshire
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
| | - Ivo Lieberam
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative MedicineMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersCentre for Developmental NeurobiologyKings College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Wenhui Song
- UCL Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDepartment of Surgical BiotechnologyDivision of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonNW3 2PFUK
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6
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Perikala M, Bhardwaj A. Waste to white light: a sustainable method for converting biohazardous waste to broadband white LEDs. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11443-11453. [PMID: 35425042 PMCID: PMC9006348 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01146h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has generated a lot of non-degradable biohazardous plastic waste across the globe in the form of disposable surgical and N95 masks, gloves, face shields, syringes, bottles and plastic storage containers. In the present work we address this problem by recycling plastic waste to single system white light emitting carbon dots (CDs) using a pyrolytic method. The synthesized CDs have been embedded into a transparent polymer to form a carbon dot phosphor. This CD phosphor has a broad emission bandwidth of 205 nm and is stable against photo degradation for about a year. A white LED with CRI ∼70 and CIE co-ordinates of (0.25, 0.32) using the fabricated CD phosphor is reported. Further our phosphor is scalable and is environmentally sustainable, and will find wide application in next generation artificial lighting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Perikala
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Asha Bhardwaj
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
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7
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Covaliu-Mierlă CI, Matei E, Stoian O, Covaliu L, Constandache AC, Iovu H, Paraschiv G. TiO2–Based Nanofibrous Membranes for Environmental Protection. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020236. [PMID: 35207157 PMCID: PMC8875440 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning is a unique technique that can be used to synthesize polymer and metal oxide nanofibers. In materials science, a very active field is represented by research on electrospun nanofibers. Fibrous membranes present fascinating features, such as a large surface area to volume ratio, excellent mechanical behavior, and a large surface area, which have many applications. Numerous techniques are available for the nanofiber’s synthesis, but electrospinning is presented as a simple process that allows one to obtain porous membranes containing smooth non-woven nanofibers. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the most widely used catalyst in photocatalytic degradation processes, it has advantages such as good photocatalytic activity, excellent chemical stability, low cost and non-toxicity. Thus, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is used in the synthesis of nanofibrous membranes that benefit experimental research by easy recyclability, excellent photocatalytic activity, high specific surface areas, and exhibiting stable hierarchical nanostructures. This article presents the synthesis of fiber membranes through the processes of electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning, electrospinning and electrospraying or electrospinning and precipitation. In addition to the synthesis of membranes, the recent progress of researchers emphasizing the efficiency of nanofiber photocatalytic membranes in removing pollutants from wastewater is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ileana Covaliu-Mierlă
- Department of Biotechnical Systems, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.C.-M.); (O.S.); (L.C.); (A.-C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Ecaterina Matei
- Department of Biotechnical Systems, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.C.-M.); (O.S.); (L.C.); (A.-C.C.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-72-454-3926
| | - Oana Stoian
- Department of Biotechnical Systems, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.C.-M.); (O.S.); (L.C.); (A.-C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Leon Covaliu
- Department of Biotechnical Systems, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.C.-M.); (O.S.); (L.C.); (A.-C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Alexandra-Corina Constandache
- Department of Biotechnical Systems, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.C.-M.); (O.S.); (L.C.); (A.-C.C.); (G.P.)
| | - Horia Iovu
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 132 Calea Grivitei, 010737 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Gigel Paraschiv
- Department of Biotechnical Systems, Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.C.-M.); (O.S.); (L.C.); (A.-C.C.); (G.P.)
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8
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Liu YY, An JD, Wang TT, Li Y, Ding B. Hydrothermal assembly, structural diversity, and photocatalytic characterization of two polyoxometalates-based hybrid Cu II and Cu I coordination polymers with 2,6-(1,2,4-triazole-4-yl)pyridine. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1813767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jun-Dan An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Bin Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, MOE Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, PR China
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9
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An JD, Wang TT, Shi YF, Huo JZ, Wu XX, Liu YY, Ding B. Convenient ultrasonic preparation of a water stable cluster-based Cadmium(II) coordination material and highly sensitive fluorescent sensing for biomarkers DPA and 5-HT. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 247:119092. [PMID: 33120122 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a new type of micro-porous material, namely metal organic framework material, has received more and more attention from many basic and industrial fields because these materials possess unique advantages. In this work, through the powerful sonochemical preparation method, a three-dimensional cluster-based CdII-MOFs, {[Cd(abtz)2(H2O)2]·(ClO4)2·H2O}n (1, abtz = 1-(4-aminobenzyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole) can be quickly synthesized in the facile ultrasonic method. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) measurement confirms that these bulky samples 1 (synthesized on different ultrasonic powers and ultrasonic time conditions) were pure. In addition, ultrasonic chemical time and irradiation power did not change the structure of composites materials 1. SEM and morphological changes of 1 in the ultrasonic synthesis are also determined. Moreover, 1 exhibits good stability, the structure of 1 can be maintained not just in various solvents, and in aqueous environments with pH values from 2 to 12. Photo-luminescent experiment also reveals that complex 1 has the excellent application prospect as highly sensitive sensing material for the biomarker DPA (2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid) and 5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) through the photo-luminescence "turn-on" and "turn-off" effect, respectively. Further photo-luminescent measurements also show that different ultrasonic powers and ultrasonic time can effectively induce fluorescent sensing enhancement for biomarkers DPA and 5-HT based on the water stable clustered-based cadmium(II) coordination framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dan An
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Yang-Fan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Jian-Zhong Huo
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xiang-Xia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China; Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
| | - Bin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry (Tianjin Normal University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecule, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China; Tianjin Normal University, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
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10
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Xu TC, Han DH, Zhu YM, Duan GG, Liu KM, Hou HQ. High Strength Electrospun Single Copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) Nanofibers with Improved Molecular Orientation by Drawing. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2516-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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11
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Cui J, Li F, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Ma W, Huang C. Electrospun nanofiber membranes for wastewater treatment applications. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Cai H, Li N, Li Y, An DM. New three-dimensional Zn(II)/Cd(II)-based coordination polymers as luminescent sensor for Cu2+. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Qin J, Feng P, Wang Y, Du X, Song B. Nanofibrous Actuator with an Alignment Gradient for Millisecond-Responsive, Multidirectional, Multimodal, and Multidimensional Large Deformation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:46719-46732. [PMID: 32945656 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although progress has been made in the construction of stimulus-responsive actuators, the performance of these smart materials is still unsatisfactory, owing to their slow response, small deformation amplitude, uncontrollable bending direction, and unidirectional (2D to 3D) transformation. Herein, we employ a structural bionic strategy to design and fabricate a novel water/moisture responsive nanofibrous actuator with an alignment degree gradient. Owing to its different contraction gradient amplitudes along the thickness direction and the unique physical property of the nanofibrous material, the prepared actuator exhibits excellent shape deformation performance, including superfast response (less than 150 ms), controllable deformation directions, multiple actuation models, multiple dimensional deformation (0D-3D, 1D-3D, 2D-3D, and 3D-3D), large bending curvature (25.3 cm-1), and a repeatability rate of at least 1000. The actuation performance of the nanofibrous actuator is superior to the currently reported actuators. The nanofibers are integrated into layer-by-layer and side-by-side structures to achieve competitive and independent actuation, respectively. The outstanding shape-changing properties of the nanofibrous actuator result in the construction of practical intelligent devices for applications such as amphibious movement, intelligent protection, and cargo transportation. The nanofibrous actuator designed herein exhibits tremendous potential in soft robotics, sensors, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanrong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Du
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069 Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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14
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Conte AA, Sun K, Hu X, Beachley VZ. Effects of Fiber Density and Strain Rate on the Mechanical Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Nanofiber Mats. Front Chem 2020; 8:610. [PMID: 32793555 PMCID: PMC7385238 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the effects of electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber density and strain rate on nanofiber mat mechanical properties. An automated track collection system was employed to control fiber number per mat and promote uniform individual fiber properties regardless of the duration of collection. Fiber density is correlated to the mechanical properties of the nanofiber mats. Young's modulus was reduced as fiber density increased, from 14,901 MPa for samples electrospun for 30 s (717 fibers +/- 345) to 3,615 MPa for samples electrospun for 40 min (8,310 fibers +/- 1,904). Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased with increasing fiber density, where samples electrospun for 30 s resulted in a UTS of 594 MPa while samples electrospun for 40 min demonstrated a UTS of 1,250 MPa. An average toughness of 0.239 GJ/m3 was seen in the 30 s group, whereas a toughness of 0.515 GJ/m3 was observed at 40 min. The ultimate tensile strain for samples electrospun for 30 s was observed to be 0.39 and 0.48 for samples electrospun for 40 min. The relationships between UTS, Young's modulus, toughness, and ultimate tensile strain with increasing fiber density are the result of fiber-fiber interactions which leads to network mesh interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano A. Conte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
| | - Katie Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
| | - Vince Z. Beachley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- Nanosciences Division, National Center For Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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16
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Liu YY, An JD, Wang TT, Li Y, Ding B. Solvo-thermal Preparation and Characterization of Two Cd II
Coordination Polymers Constructed From 2,6-(1,2,4-Triazole-4-yl)pyridine and 5-R-Isophthalic Acid (R = Nitro, Sulfo). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; MOE Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry; Tianjin Normal University; 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; 300071 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Jun-Dan An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; MOE Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry; Tianjin Normal University; 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; 300071 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; MOE Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry; Tianjin Normal University; 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; 300071 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Tianjin Normal University; 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Bin Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; MOE Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry; Tianjin Normal University; 300387 Tianjin P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; 300071 Tianjin P. R. China
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17
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Wu T, Ding M, Shi C, Qiao Y, Wang P, Qiao R, Wang X, Zhong J. Resorbable polymer electrospun nanofibers: History, shapes and application for tissue engineering. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Kim Y, Wu X, Oh JH. Fabrication of triboelectric nanogenerators based on electrospun polyimide nanofibers membrane. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2742. [PMID: 32066808 PMCID: PMC7026082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59546-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface modification of polyimides (PIs) using electrospinning would significantly improve the performance of TENGs because of the larger surface area of the electrospun friction layer. However, PIs generally have high solvent resistance, so it is complicated to convert them into nanofibers using electrospinning process. This study aims to fabricate PI nanofibers via simple, one-step electrospinning and utilize them as a friction layer of TENGs for better performance. PI nanofibers were directly electrospun from PI ink made of polyimide powder without any additional process. The effect of PI concentration on spinnability was investigated. Uniform and continuous nanofibrous structures were successfully produced at concentrations of 15 wt% and 20 wt%. Electrospun PI nanofibers were then utilized as a friction layer for TENGs. A TENG with 20 wt% produced an open circuit voltage of 753 V and a short circuit current of 10.79 μA and showed a power density of 2.61 W m-2 at a 100 MΩ load resistance. During tapping experiment of 10,000 cycles, the TENG could stably harvest electrical energy. The harvested energy from the proposed TENG is sufficient to illuminate more than 55 LEDs and drive small electronic devices, and the TENGs exhibit excellent performance as a wearable energy harvester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongjun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Xinwei Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hoon Oh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Zhao L, Duan G, Zhang G, Yang H, He S, Jiang S. Electrospun Functional Materials toward Food Packaging Applications: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E150. [PMID: 31952146 PMCID: PMC7022779 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning is an effective and versatile method to prepare continuous polymer nanofibers and nonwovens that exhibit excellent properties such as high molecular orientation, high porosity and large specific surface area. Benefitting from these outstanding and intriguing features, electrospun nanofibers have been employed as a promising candidate for the fabrication of food packaging materials. Actually, the electrospun nanofibers used in food packaging must possess biocompatibility and low toxicity. In addition, in order to maintain the quality of food and extend its shelf life, food packaging materials also need to have certain functionality. Herein, in this timely review, functional materials produced from electrospinning toward food packaging are highlighted. At first, various strategies for the preparation of polymer electrospun fiber are introduced, then the characteristics of different packaging films and their successful applications in food packaging are summarized, including degradable materials, superhydrophobic materials, edible materials, antibacterial materials and high barrier materials. Finally, the future perspective and key challenges of polymer electrospun nanofibers for food packaging are also discussed. Hopefully, this review would provide a fundamental insight into the development of electrospun functional materials with high performance for food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Gaigai Duan
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Guoying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China;
| | - Haoqi Yang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Shuijian He
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.Z.); (S.H.)
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20
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Dong ZP, Zhao F, Zhang L, Liu ZL, Wang YQ. A white-light-emitting lanthanide metal–organic framework for luminescence turn-off sensing of MnO4− and turn-on sensing of folic acid and construction of a “turn-on plus” system. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02145h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A white-light-emitting lanthanide MOF shows recyclable and dual-responsive sensing for MnO4− and folic acid in an aqueous system with high selectivity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Peng Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics of Rare Earth Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Inner Mongolia University
- Huhhot
- China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics of Rare Earth Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Inner Mongolia University
- Huhhot
- China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics of Rare Earth Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Inner Mongolia University
- Huhhot
- China
| | - Zhi-Liang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics of Rare Earth Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Inner Mongolia University
- Huhhot
- China
| | - Yan-Qin Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics of Rare Earth Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Inner Mongolia University
- Huhhot
- China
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21
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Cho M, Ko FK, Renneckar S. Molecular Orientation and Organization of Technical Lignin-Based Composite Nanofibers and Films. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:4485-4493. [PMID: 31647629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural materials are highly anisotropic, maximizing performance of the polymeric structures while conserving mass and enhancing function. In synthetic materials, nanoscale fibers produced by electrospinning often contain molecular alignment of polymers along the fiber axis achieving some similarity to natural fibers. In this study, isolated softwood kraft lignin (SKL) was electrospun into aligned fibers utilizing a special collector. The molecular organization of lignin within the aligned nanofibers was investigated by polarized light optical microscopy. Furthermore, the functional groups that had preferred alignment along the fiber axis were identified with polarized Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy based on dichroism measurements. In addition, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was added to the lignin solutions in order to create composite nanofibers. Both the orientation of NCC within the nanoscale fibers and the impact this component had on the degree of orientation of SKL within the aligned nanofibers were revealed by utilizing polarized FTIR. Finally, solvent cast lignin films were analyzed for their anisotropic polarizability, demonstrating birefringence with and without nanocrystalline cellulose. The work provided unique insight into both preferred orientation (fibers) and assembly (films) for technical lignin due to processing.
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22
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Monteserín C, Blanco M, Murillo N, Pérez-Márquez A, Maudes J, Gayoso J, Laza JM, Hernáez E, Aranzabe E, Vilas JL. Novel Antibacterial and Toughened Carbon-Fibre/Epoxy Composites by the Incorporation of TiO 2 Nanoparticles Modified Electrospun Nanofibre Veils. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1524. [PMID: 31546862 PMCID: PMC6780269 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of electrospun nanofiber veils was revealed as an effective method for enhancing the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composites. These veils will eventually allow the incorporation of nanomaterials not only for mechanical reinforcement but also in multifunctional applications. Therefore, this paper investigates the effect of electrospun nanofibrous veils made of polyamide 6 modified with TiO2 nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of a carbon-fiber/epoxy composite. The nanofibers were included in the carbon-fiber/epoxy composite as a single structure. The effect of positioning these veils in different composite positions was investigated. Compared to the reference, the use of unmodified and TiO2 modified veils increased the flexural stress at failure and the fracture toughness of composites. When TiO2 modified veils were incorporated, new antibacterial properties were achieved due to the photocatalytic properties of the veils, widening the application area of these composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Monteserín
- Unidad de Química de superficies y Nanotecnología, Fundación Tekniker, Iñaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, Spain.
| | - Miren Blanco
- Unidad de Química de superficies y Nanotecnología, Fundación Tekniker, Iñaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, Spain.
| | - Nieves Murillo
- Division Industria y Transporte, TECNALIA, P Mikeletegi 7, E-20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Ana Pérez-Márquez
- Division Industria y Transporte, TECNALIA, P Mikeletegi 7, E-20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Jon Maudes
- Division Industria y Transporte, TECNALIA, P Mikeletegi 7, E-20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Jorge Gayoso
- Division Industria y Transporte, TECNALIA, P Mikeletegi 7, E-20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Jose Manuel Laza
- Grupo de Química Macromolecular (LABQUIMAC) Dpto. Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Estíbaliz Hernáez
- Grupo de Química Macromolecular (LABQUIMAC) Dpto. Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Estíbaliz Aranzabe
- Unidad de Química de superficies y Nanotecnología, Fundación Tekniker, Iñaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Vilas
- Grupo de Química Macromolecular (LABQUIMAC) Dpto. Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
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23
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Chen L, Al-Shawk A, Rea C, Mazeh H, Wu X, Chen W, Li Y, Song W, Markel DC, Ren W. Preparation of electrospun nanofibers with desired microstructures using a programmed three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber collector. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 106:110188. [PMID: 31753331 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The traditional electrospinning process produces dense two-dimensional (2D) nanofiber (NF) sheets that limit cell infiltration and proliferation. Our previous study demonstrated that 3D NF sheets could be formed on an NF collector surface mounted with multiple movable needles through the corona discharge. In this study, we developed a programmed electrospun 3D NF collector. It can precisely control the moving speed of NF collector during electrospinning; thereby fabricating 3D NFs with desired microstructures (pore size, pore volume, and interconnectivity). Four types of polycaprolactone (PCL) 3D NF matrices with different microstructures can be obtained concurrently on the NF collector surface, which are set by different forward moving speed of the NF collector device: NF-zero (no move, as control), NF-low (0.085 mm/min), NF-mid (0.158 mm/min) and NF-high (0.232 mm/min). A linear increase of the NF sheet thickness (from 0.21 mm to 0.91 mm) was recorded with accelerating collector movement. Quantitative analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-computed tomography (μ-CT), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) showed a monotonic increase of pore size and porosity with the increase of collector moving speeds. The collector movement also impacted the crystallinity and mechanical properties of the NFs. When prepared at high collector speed, the NFs showed improved proliferation and differentiation (p < .05) of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3 cells compared to the NFs from the static collector. A programmed NF collector device allows for the reproducible, precise and continuous fabrication of 3D NFs with tailorable geometry and microstructures. This simple, controllable, one-step process could promote the clinical translation of electrospun NFs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ameer Al-Shawk
- Department of Mechanic Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Christopher Rea
- Department of Engineering Technology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Hanan Mazeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Mechanic Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Engineering Technology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yawen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI 48075, USA
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - David C Markel
- Department of Orthopedics, Providence Hospital and Medical Center, Southfield, MI 48075, USA
| | - Weiping Ren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Providence Hospital and Medical Center, Southfield, MI 48075, USA; John D. Dingle VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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24
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Liu Z, Ma W, Zhang M, Zhang Q, Xiong R, Huang C. Fabrication of superhydrophobic electrospun polyimide nanofibers modified with polydopamine and polytetrafluoroethylene nanoparticles for oil–water separation. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongche Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agroforest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass‐Based Green Fuels and ChemicalsNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agroforest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass‐Based Green Fuels and ChemicalsNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agroforest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass‐Based Green Fuels and ChemicalsNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Qilu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 People's Republic of China
| | - Ranhua Xiong
- Lab General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Department of PharmaceuticsGhent University Belgium
| | - Chaobo Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agroforest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass‐Based Green Fuels and ChemicalsNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Biopolymer‐Based Functional Materials, Jiangsu Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest ResourcesNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
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25
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Ding C, Fang H, Duan G, Zou Y, Chen S, Hou H. Investigating the draw ratio and velocity of an electrically charged liquid jet during electrospinning. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13608-13613. [PMID: 35519595 PMCID: PMC9063980 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of the draw ratio and velocity of an electrospinning polymer solution jet is of great interest for understanding the formation of nanofibers. During the electrospinning process, the charged polymer solution jets were stretched by electric force, resulting in the formation of ultrathin fibers. In this study, theoretical deduction and experimental calculation were applied to evaluate the velocities and draw ratios of the charged jets at different electrospinning stages. Depending on the diameter of the charged jets at different electrospinning stages, the velocities and draw ratios of the charged jets were calculated with values far lower than the data in a previous report. The theoretical calculation was compared with experimental data using polyamic acid as a model polymer for electrospinning. The results indicated that during electrospinning, as the collecting distance was increased from 0 to 30 cm, the diameter of the electrospinning jet decreased from 18 800 nm to a constant value of around 245 nm, the solvent in the jet decreased from 96.50 wt% to 25.45 wt%, and the density of the jet increased from 0.9504 to 1.0995 g cm−3. These parameters led to the draw ratio and velocity of the jet experiencing first an increase and then a decrease in the value, and the highest draw ratio and velocity were 869 and 867 m s−1, respectively, which are quite different from the data in previous reports. Theoretical calculations and experiments were performed to determine the draw ratio and velocity of an electrospinning jet.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330027
- China
| | - Hong Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330027
- China
| | - Gaigai Duan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Nanjing Forestry University
- Nanjing 210037
- China
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Mechanics
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
| | - Shuiliang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330027
- China
| | - Haoqing Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330027
- China
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26
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Synthesis of polyacrylonitrile and mechanical properties of its electrospun nanofibers. E-POLYMERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2018-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AbstractPolyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers are very important to achieve high performance carbon nanofibers. In this work, co-polyacrylonitriles (co-PANs) with different molecular weights were synthesized by a simple free-radical polymerization. The effect of the initiator amount on the molecular weight of co-PAN was investigated. The co-PANs with different molecular weight were electrospun into aligned nanofibers by adjusting the absolute viscosity of co-PAN solution into ~1.0 Pa·s. All the co-PAN nanofibers showed smooth surfaces and homogeneous fiber diameters of ~450 nm. Tensile tests were applied to evaluate the mechanical properties of electrospun aligned co-PAN nanofibers. The results indicated that higher molecular weight led to better mechanical performance of electrospun aligned co-PAN nanofibers. When the molecular weight was 2.3×105, the highest strength of 153 MPa, strain of 0.148, and toughness of 16.0 J/g were obtained. These electrospun aligned co-PAN nanofibers could be good candidates for the preparation of high performance carbon nanofibers.
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