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Min X, Lu L, Xu X, Wen Y, Zheng X. Investigation on the inhibition mechanism and binding behavior of paeonol to tyrosinase and its anti-browning property by multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126962. [PMID: 37722636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Paeonol, as one effective tyrosinase inhibitor, had been used as food preservative and clinical medication for skin disorders. In this study, the inhibition mechanism and binding behavior of paeonol to tyrosinase and its anti-browning property were investigated using multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. Activity assay and kinetic results confirmed paeonol as a reversible mixed-type tyrosinase inhibitor. Results of the mechanistic studies were clarified using fluorescence quenching, synchronous fluorescence, CD spectra and 3D fluorescence, and showed that the binding of paeonol to tyrosinase might change the chromophore microenvironment and conformation of tyrosinase to inhibit enzyme catalytic activity. Molecular docking results revealed the detailed binding between paeonol and tyrosinase. Moreover, paeonol could prevent the browning of fresh-cut apples, as well as inhibiting PPO and POD activities and increasing APX activity. All above findings established a reliable basis for the inhibitory mechanism of paeonol against tyrosinase and therefore contributed to its application in anti-browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Min
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Li Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xuetao Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
| | - Yi Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan 825403, China.
| | - Xi Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.
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Santiago-Balmaseda E, Segura-Cobos D, Garín-Aguilar ME, San Miguel-Chávez R, Cristóbal-Luna JM, Madrigal-Santillán E, Gutierrez-Rebolledo GA, Chamorro-Cevallos GA, Pérez-Pastén-Borja R. Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat ( Sterculiaceae), a Potential Nephroprotector against Oxidative Damage Provoked by STZ-Induced Hyperglycemia in Rats. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3572. [PMID: 37896035 PMCID: PMC10610294 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, known in Mexico as the "tree of the little hands", flower's infusion is used to treat kidney failure associated with diseases such as diabetes. The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant effect of the methanolic extract of its flowers on oxidative damage in kidneys caused by streptozotocin in rats. METHODS The extract phytochemical profile was performed with HPLC. Antioxidant potential in vitro was determined with DPPH and total phenolic tests; antioxidant evaluation in vivo was performed in diabetic rats administered daily via the intragastric route (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 6 weeks; serum glucose/creatinine, food/water consumption, and urinary volume were measured. Relative weight, protein/DNA ratios and oxidative stress were measured in renal tissue. RESULTS The extract showed 20.53% of total phenolic content and IC50 of 18.05 µg/mL in DPPH, and this was associated with ferulic acid, phloretin and α-amyrin. Both doses showed a moderate decrease in the protein/DNA ratio in renal tissue, and the same behavior was observed for total urinary protein loss and serum creatinine, while the best antioxidant effect was exerted by a lower dose, which increased catalase activity and decreased lipid peroxidation in the kidneys. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrated that C. pentadactylon methanolic flower's extract improves renal function through antioxidant mechanisms during experimental diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eira Santiago-Balmaseda
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Amibas Anfizoicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. Ave. Barrios 1, Col. Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico;
| | - David Segura-Cobos
- Laboratorio de Amibas Anfizoicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. Ave. Barrios 1, Col. Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico;
| | - María Eugenia Garín-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Farmacobiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. Ave. Barrios 1, Col. Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico;
| | - Rubén San Miguel-Chávez
- Posgrado en Botanica, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico-Texcoco Highway Km 35.6, Texcoco Estado de México 56230, Mexico;
| | - José Melesio Cristóbal-Luna
- Laboratorio de Toxicologia de la Reproduccion, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Campus Unidad Profesional Casco de Santo Tomas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ave. Salvador Díaz Mirón w/n and Closed Street Plan de San Luis, Col. Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Gabriel Alfonso Gutierrez-Rebolledo
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Toxicologia de la Reproduccion, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
| | - Germán Alberto Chamorro-Cevallos
- Laboratorio de Toxicologia de la Reproduccion, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Pastén-Borja
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
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Hong X, Song X, Wu X, Yang C, Gong D, Zhang G. Treatments of heating and ultrasound improve the inhibition of gallocatechin gallate on tyrosinase. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:3896-3906. [PMID: 36321508 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallocatechin gallate (GCG), a catechin of tea polyphenols, possesses inhibitory ability against tyrosinase, but few studies have reported how common processing methods affect it. In this research, the influence of heating and ultrasound treatments on the inhibition of GCG against tyrosinase was explored by ultraviolet-visible absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Both heating and ultrasound treatments of GCG alone improved GCG's inhibitory ability against tyrosinase compared with the untreated, and a combination of heating and ultrasound treatment (100 °C, 20 min + 630 W, 20 min) further decreased the relative tyrosinase activity to 26.8%. The treated GCG exhibited a stronger fluorescence quenching effect on tyrosinase, but did not have any influence on the static quenching mechanism. Compared to the untreated GCG, the binding constants of treated GCG by heating, ultrasound and their combination with tyrosinase significantly increased, but the number of binding sites was still approximately one and the main driving force of the treated GCG was still hydrophobic interaction. After treatments of heating, ultrasound and their combination, the composition of GCG solutions was changed. CONCLUSION The enhanced inhibition of treated GCG on tyrosinase may be due to partial conversion of GCG into epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and gallic acid (GA), which may cooperate with GCG to better inhibit the enzyme activity. This study has provided some valuable information for the application of catechins against tyrosinase in food processing and cosmetic industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Change Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Chen J, He Z, Yu S, Cai X, Zhu D, Lin Y. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory kinetics and mechanism of ellagic acid: In vitro, in silico and in vivo studies. IET Nanobiotechnol 2023. [PMID: 37153957 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), which is widely distributed in many foods, has been found to possess inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase (XO). However, there is ongoing debate about the difference in XO inhibitory activity between EA and allopurinol. Additionally, the inhibitory kinetics and mechanism of EA on XO are still unclear. Herein, the authors systematically studied the inhibitory effects of EA on XO. The authors' findings showed that EA is a reversible inhibitor with mixed-type inhibition, and its inhibitory activity is weaker than allopurinol. Fluorescence quenching experiments suggested that the generation of EA-XO complex was exothermic and spontaneous. In silico analysis further confirmed that EA entered the XO catalytic centre. Furthermore, the authors verified the anti-hyperuricemia effect of EA in vivo. This study elucidates the inhibition kinetics and mechanism of EA on XO, and lays a theoretical foundation for the further development of drugs and functional foods containing EA for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Laboratory Medicine (Putian University), Fujian Province University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Zemin He
- School of Pharmacy, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Sijin Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaozhen Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Danhong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Yanhua Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
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Xing L, Zhang M, Liu L, Hu X, Liu J, Zhou X, Chai Z, Yin H. Multiomics provides insights into the succession of microbiota and metabolite during plant leaf fermentation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115304. [PMID: 36649845 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The quality of fermented plant products is closely related to microbial metabolism. Here, the associations of bacterial communities, metabolites, and functional genes were explored using multi-omics techniques based on plant leaf fermentation systems. The results showed significant changes in the structure of the microbial community, with a significant decrease in Firmicutes and a significant increase in Proteobacteria. In addition, the concentration of metabolites with antibacterial, antioxidant and aroma properties increased significantly, enhancing the quality of the fermented plant leaves. Integrated macrogenomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that amino acid metabolism could be key metabolic pathway affecting fermentation quality. Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes were actively involved in tyrosine metabolism (ko00350) and phenylalanine metabolism (ko00360), and are presumed to be the major groups responsible for synthesizing growth and flavor compounds. This study emphasized the important role of microorganisms in the changes of metabolites during the fermentation of plant leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xing
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Xi Hu
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Xiangping Zhou
- Yongzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Yongzhou, 425000, China
| | - Zhishun Chai
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Velázquez D, Průša V, Masrati G, Yariv E, Sychrova H, Ben‐Tal N, Zimmermannova O. Allosteric links between the hydrophilic N-terminus and transmembrane core of human Na + /H + antiporter NHA2. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4460. [PMID: 36177733 PMCID: PMC9667825 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human Na+ /H+ antiporter NHA2 (SLC9B2) transports Na+ or Li+ across the plasma membrane in exchange for protons, and is implicated in various pathologies. It is a 537 amino acids protein with an 82 residues long hydrophilic cytoplasmic N-terminus followed by a transmembrane part comprising 14 transmembrane helices. We optimized the functional expression of HsNHA2 in the plasma membrane of a salt-sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and characterized in vivo a set of mutated or truncated versions of HsNHA2 in terms of their substrate specificity, transport activity, localization, and protein stability. We identified a highly conserved proline 246, located in the core of the protein, as being crucial for ion selectivity. The replacement of P246 with serine or threonine resulted in antiporters with altered substrate specificity that were not only highly active at acidic pH 4.0 (like the native antiporter), but also at neutral pH. P246T/S versions also exhibited increased resistance to the HsNHA2-specific inhibitor phloretin. We experimentally proved that a putative salt bridge between E215 and R432 is important for antiporter function, but also structural integrity. Truncations of the first 50-70 residues of the N-terminus doubled the transport activity of HsNHA2, while changes in the charge at positions E47, E56, K57, or K58 decreased the antiporter's transport activity. Thus, the hydrophilic N-terminal part of the protein appears to allosterically auto-inhibit cation transport of HsNHA2. Our data also show this in vivo approach to be useful for a rapid screening of SNP's effect on HsNHA2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Velázquez
- Laboratory of Membrane TransportInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Průša
- Laboratory of Membrane TransportInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Gal Masrati
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGeorge S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Elon Yariv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGeorge S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Hana Sychrova
- Laboratory of Membrane TransportInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Nir Ben‐Tal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyGeorge S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel‐Aviv UniversityTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Olga Zimmermannova
- Laboratory of Membrane TransportInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
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The Luteolinidin and Petunidin 3- O-Glucoside: A Competitive Inhibitor of Tyrosinase. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27175703. [PMID: 36080469 PMCID: PMC9458148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme tyrosinase plays a key role in the early stages of melanin biosynthesis. This study evaluated the inhibitory activity of anthocyanidin (1) and anthocyanins (2-6) on the catalytic reaction. Of the six derivatives examined, 1-3 showed inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 3.7 ± 0.1, 10.3 ± 1.0, and 41.3 ± 3.2 μM, respectively. Based on enzyme kinetics, 1-3 were confirmed to be competitive inhibitors with Ki values of 2.8, 9.0, and 51.9 μM, respectively. Molecular docking analysis revealed the formation of a binary encounter complex between 1-3 and the tyrosinase catalytic site. Luteolinidin (1) and petunidin 3-O-glucoside (2) may serve as tyrosinase inhibitors to block melanin production.
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Ai YF, Dong SH, Lin B, Huang XX, Song SJ. Acylated sucroses and butenolide analog from the leaves of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. and their potential anti-tyrosinase effects. Fitoterapia 2022; 161:105250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Dual Antimelanogenic Effect of Nicotinamide-Stabilized Phloretin Nanocrystals in Larval Zebrafish. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091825. [PMID: 36145574 PMCID: PMC9502130 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin is a kind of dark insoluble pigment that can cause pigmentation and free-radical clearance, inducing melasma, freckles, and chloasma, affecting the quality of life of patients. Due to poor water solubility and low safety, the absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs is limited by the hinderance of a skin barrier. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new, safe, and highly efficient drugs to improve their transdermal absorption efficiency and thus to inhibit the production of melanin. To address these issues, we developed a new nicotinamide (NIC)-stabilized phloretin nanocrystals (PHL-NCs). First, NC technology significantly increased the solubility of PHL. The in vitro release results indicated that at 6 h, the dissolution of the PHL-NIC-NCs was 101.39% ± 2.40% and of the PHL-NCs was 84.92% ± 4.30%, while that of the physical mixture of the two drugs was only 64.43% ± 0.02%. Second, NIC acted not only as a stabilizer to enlarge the storage time of PHL-NIC-NCs (improved to 10-day in vitro stability) but also as a melanin transfer inhibitor to inhibit melanin production. Finally, we verified the melanin inhibition effect of PHL-NIC-NCs evaluated by the zebrafish model. It showed that 0.38 mM/L PHL-NIC-NCs have a lower tyrosinase activity at 62.97% ± 0.52% and have less melanin at 36.57% ± 0.44%. The inhibition effect of PHL-NCs and PHL-NIC-NCs was stronger compared to the positive control arbutin. In conclusion, the combination of NIC and PHL achieves better inhibition of tyrosinase and inhibition of melanin production through synergism. This will provide a direction to the subsequent development of melanin-inhibiting drugs and the combined use of pharmaceutical agents.
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Gold Nanomaterials-Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors for Phenolic Antioxidants Detection: Recent Advances. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12060959. [PMID: 35335772 PMCID: PMC8950254 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidants play a central role in the development and production of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, to reduce oxidative processes in the human body. Among them, phenolic antioxidants are considered even more efficient than other antioxidants. They are divided into natural and synthetic. The natural antioxidants are generally found in plants and their synthetic counterparts are generally added as preventing agents of lipid oxidation during the processing and storage of fats, oils, and lipid-containing foods: All of them can exhibit different effects on human health, which are not always beneficial. Because of their relevant bioactivity and importance in several sectors, such as agro-food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic, it is crucial to have fast and reliable analysis Rmethods available. In this review, different examples of gold nanomaterial-based electrochemical (bio)sensors used for the rapid and selective detection of phenolic compounds are analyzed and discussed, evidencing the important role of gold nanomaterials, and including systems with or without specific recognition elements, such as biomolecules, enzymes, etc. Moreover, a selection of gold nanomaterials involved in the designing of this kind of (bio)sensor is reported and critically analyzed. Finally, advantages, limitations, and potentialities for practical applications of gold nanomaterial-based electrochemical (bio)sensors for detecting phenolic antioxidants are discussed.
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Zhang G, Fan M. Response to the comments published in Food Res Int. 2022,153,110944. Food Res Int 2022; 153:110954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.110954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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In vitro cytotoxicity assay, mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity and release analysis of kojic monooleate nanodelivery system and in silico molecular docking study against 2Y9X target enzyme. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Yanti S, Wu ZW, Agrawal DC, Chien WJ. Interaction between phloretin and insulin: a spectroscopic study. J Anal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-021-00284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDiabetes is among the top ten deadly diseases in the world. It occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (INS) or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Phloretin (PHL) has a biological effect that can treat diabetes. A spectroscopic study was carried out to explore the interaction between phloretin and insulin. UV/Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectropolarimeter were used in the study. UV/Vis spectra showed that the interaction between PHL and INS produced strong absorption at a wavelength of 282 nm. The fluorescence analysis results showed that the excitation and emission occurred at 280-nm and 305-nm wavelengths, respectively. Temperature changes did not affect INS emissions. However, the interaction of PHL–INS caused a redshift at 305 to 317 nm. Temperature affected the binding constant (Ka) and the binding site (n). Ka decreased with increasing temperature and increased the binding site. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) each had a value of − 16,514 kJ/mol and 22.65 J/mol·K. PHL and INS interaction formed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interaction. The free energy (ΔG0) recorded was negative. PHL and INS interactions took place spontaneously. The quenching effect was dynamic and static. KD values were greater than KS. The higher the temperature, the less was KD and KS. The appearance of two negative signals on circular dichroism (CD) spectropolarimeter implies that phloretin could induce regional configuration changes in insulin. The addition of PHL has revealed that the proportion of α-helix in the insulin stabilizes its structure. Phloretin’s stabilization and enhancement of the α-helix structural configuration in insulin indicate that phloretin can improve insulin resistance.
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Cheng R, Shi W, Yuan Q, Tang R, Wang Y, Yang D, Xiao X, Zeng J, Chen J, Wang Y. 5-Substituted isatin thiosemicarbazones as inhibitors of tyrosinase: Insights of substituent effects. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 255:119669. [PMID: 33812239 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Seven isatin-thiosemicarbazone analogues bearing different substituents (R) attached at C-5 of the indoline ring, TSC-ISA-R (R = -H, -CH3, -OCH3, -OCF3, -F, -Cl and -NO2), were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of mushroom tyrosinase (TYR). The inhibitory behaviour and performance of TSC-ISA-R were investigated spectroscopically in relation to the substituent modifications through examining their inhibition against the diphenolase activity of TYR using L-DOPA as a substrate. The IC50 values of TSC-ISA-R were determined to be in the range of 81-209 μM. The kinetic analysis showed that TSC-ISA-R were reversible and mixed type inhibitors. Three potential non-covalent interactions rather than complexation including the binding of TSC-ISA-R with free TYR, TYR-L-DOPA complex, and with substrate L-DOPA were found to be involved in the inhibition. The substituent modifications affected these interactions by varying the characters of the resulting TSC-ISA-R in different degrees. The thiosemicarbazido moiety of each TSC-ISA-R contributed predominantly to the inhibition, and the isatin moiety seemed to play a regulatory role in the binding of TSC-ISA-R to the target molecules. The results of theoretical calculations using density functional theory method indicated a different effect of -R on the electron distribution in HOMO of TSC-ISA-R. The LUMO-HOMO energy gap of TSC-ISA-R almost accords with the trend of their experimental inhibition potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410000, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Building Materials Research Academy, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jianjun East Rd. 211, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Wenyan Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Building Materials Research Academy, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jianjun East Rd. 211, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Qingyun Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Building Materials Research Academy, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jianjun East Rd. 211, Yancheng 224051, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ruiren Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410000, PR China
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Building Materials Research Academy, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jianjun East Rd. 211, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Di Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Building Materials Research Academy, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jianjun East Rd. 211, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Xin Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Building Materials Research Academy, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jianjun East Rd. 211, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Jianping Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Building Materials Research Academy, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jianjun East Rd. 211, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Building Materials Research Academy, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jianjun East Rd. 211, Yancheng 224051, PR China.
| | - Yanqing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Environmental Ecology, Yancheng Teachers University, Xiwang Avenue South Rd. 2, Yancheng 224007, PR China.
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15
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Chen J, Ran M, Wang M, Liu X, Liu S, Yu Y. Structure-activity relationships of antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of cinnamic acid and its derivatives. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1697-1705. [PMID: 33974002 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The related structure-activity relationships of cinnamic acid and its derivates have not been studied in details yet. Herein, antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of 18 compounds were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the substituents on the phenyl ring of cinnamic acid led to the enhancement of the inhibition on monophenolase and the weakening of the inhibition on diphenolase. Among these tested compounds, 9 was first discovered as a tyrosinase inhibitor in a reversible competitive manner with IC50 value of 68.6 ± 4.2 µm. Docking results demonstrated 9 located into the catalytic center of tyrosinase. Antioxidant assay indicated that only 1 hydroxyl group on the phenyl ring was not enough to possess the radical scavenging activity, and the number of hydroxyl groups may be more important. This study will be helpful in the development of new cinnamic acid derivates as tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants with higher efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Fujian, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Mengnan Ran
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Fujian, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Fujian, China
| | - Xinying Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Fujian, China
| | - Siwan Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Fujian, China
| | - Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
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16
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Chen R, Shi Y, Liu G, Tao Y, Fan Y, Wang X, Li L. Spectroscopic studies and molecular docking on the interaction of delphinidin-3-O-galactoside with tyrosinase. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1327-1338. [PMID: 34051112 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of delphinidin-3-O-galactoside (DG) on the activities of tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) (TY) from the edible Agaricus bisporus mushroom were investigated by enzyme kinetics, multispectroscopic methods, and molecular docking. As a result, DG showed strong inhibition on TY with the IC50 of 34.14 × 10-6 mol L-1 . The inhibition mode of DG against TY was mixed type with α values of 5.09. The binding constant Ka and related thermodynamic parameters at the three different temperatures showed that the fluorescence quenching of TY by DG was static quenching. Synchronous fluorescence, three-dimensional fluorescence, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopies confirmed that the conformation or microenvironment of the TY protein were changed after binding with DG. Molecular docking revealed that DG had strong binding affinity to TY through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force, and the results were consistent with the fluorescence data. Our findings suggested that DG may be potential TY inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongda Chen
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yurui Shi
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiming Liu
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanzhou Tao
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yangyang Fan
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Li
- The College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
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17
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Fluorescence on-off-on with small and charge-tunable nanoparticles enables highly sensitive intracellular microRNA imaging in living cells. Talanta 2021; 226:122114. [PMID: 33676670 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterial-based on-off-on fluorescence sensing strategies are significant particularly in intracellular nucleic acids imaging assay. There still remains challenge to rationally balance fluorescence quenching efficiency and recovery dynamics. We assume that the performance of on-off-on fluorescence sensing strategy can be fundamentally improved on small zero-dimensional (0D) nanomaterial with precisely modulated surface charge. For a proof-of-concept demonstration, silicon nanoparticle (SiNP) with ~4 nm was synthesized and used as the quencher model, of which the surface charge density was modulated by modification of triphenylphosphonium (TPP). The influence of particle size, surface charge and charge density of the nanomaterials on sensing performance was systematically investigated. The strategy showed a low limit of detection (LOD) as 26 pM for target model miR-494, which is one of the lowest in nanomaterial-based on-off-on sensing platforms. And the LOD is even comparable to amplification-based methods in a greatly shortened assay time (2.5 h). The miR-494 expresses in cancerous and normal living cells of human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), human lung carcinoma (A549), human breast cancer (MCF-7), and normal human mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) cells were imaged and localized with significantly improved sensitivity and specificity. These excellent performances insure it a promising candidate as convenient and non-enzymatic sensing platform for miRNA-associated disease detection and early diagnosis.
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18
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Chen J, Ran M, Wang M, Liu X, Liu S, Ruan Z, Jin N. Evaluation of antityrosinase activity and mechanism, antioxidation, and UV filter properties of theaflavin. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:951-962. [PMID: 33878231 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a key metalloenzyme for the biosynthesis of melanin that plays a critical role in the prevention of skin damage caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. However, the overproduction of melanin may cause a variety of skin diseases. Due to the toxicity and inefficiency of existing tyrosinase inhibitors, it is urgent to identify safe and potent alternatives from natural sources. Theaflavin, a single-component extracted from black tea, has been found to possess a variety of pharmacological activities. Herein, the inhibition kinetics of theaflavin on tyrosinase and inhibitory mechanism were determined using spectroscopy, molecular docking, and zebrafish model. The results showed that theaflavin inhibited the diphenolase activity of tyrosinase in a reversible mixed type manner with IC50 of 229.75 μmol/L and hindered the synthesis of melanin in zebrafish. This may be due to the formation of eight hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic effects between theaflavin and tyrosinase according to the results of molecular docking. To study the possible effects on the prevention of free radical-mediated skin cancer and photoaging caused by UV radiation, the antioxidation and UV filter properties of theaflavin were further verified. This study demonstrates that theaflavin is a potential multifunctional compound that can be used in cosmetic and medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Laboratory Medicine (Putian University), Fujian Province University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Mengnan Ran
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Xinying Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Siwan Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Zhipeng Ruan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Laboratory Medicine (Putian University), Fujian Province University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Nan Jin
- School of Pharmacy and Medical technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Laboratory Medicine (Putian University), Fujian Province University, Putian, Fujian, China
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19
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Ding XM, Cai SX, Wang L, Zhang YC. Electrocatalytic performance of tyrosinase detection in Penaeus vannamei based on a [(PSS/PPy)(P 2Mo 18/PPy) 5] multilayer composite film modified electrode. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1392-1403. [PMID: 33650584 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyoxometalates (POMs) are widely used in the preparation of sensors that detect the content of substances because of their excellent electron transfer capabilities. In this paper, a [(PSS/PPy)(P2Mo18/PPy)5] multilayer composite film modified electrode was prepared by the potentiostatic deposition method. The electrochemical performance of the modified electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry under the conditions of different modified layers, different supporting electrolytes and different sweep rates. Different concentrations of tyrosinase were catalyzed by the modified electrode under a suitable supporting electrolyte, and the electrochemical sensing of tyrosinase by the modified electrode was studied. The research results show that the modified electrode has good stability and reproducibility for electrochemical sensing of tyrosinase, and the response current has a good linear relationship with the amount of tyrosinase added. Taking peak III as an example, the detection limit (S/N = 3) was 2.7649 U mL-1. It can be known from the timing ampere curve that as the concentration of tyrosinase in the reaction system continues to increase, its response current increases stepwise, providing a linear curve in the range of 3.66 U mL-1 to 26.87 U mL-1, and the minimum detection limit (S/N = 3) reaches 0.0021 U mL-1. The [(PSS/PPy)(P2Mo18/PPy)5] multilayer composite membrane modified electrode was used to detect tyrosinase in Penaeus vannamei. The spiked recovery of the sample was 96.3-100.8%, indicating that the modified electrode has high accuracy and can be used for the detection of tyrosinase in actual samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Ding
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, P. R. China.
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20
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Yu S, He M, Zhai Y, Xie Z, Xu S, Yu S, Xiao H, Song Y. Inhibitory activity and mechanism of trilobatin on tyrosinase: kinetics, interaction mechanism and molecular docking. Food Funct 2021; 12:2569-2579. [PMID: 33625428 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03264f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is the rate-limiting enzyme controlling the production of melanin, and tyrosinase inhibitors can regulate the overproduction of melanin by inhibiting tyrosinase activity, which is an effective method to treat pigmentation disorders. In this study, kinetic analysis, multispectroscopic methods and molecular simulation were used to investigate the inhibitory activity and mechanism of trilobatin on tyrosinase. The kinetic analysis showed that trilobatin had significant inhibitory activity on tyrosinase in a reversible and mixed-type manner with IC50 values of (2.24 ± 0.35) × 10-5 mol L-1. The intrinsic fluorescence of tyrosinase was quenched by trilobatin through a static quenching mechanism. Different spectroscopic measurements demonstrated that trilobatin could change the microenvironments and conformation of tyrosinase and molecular docking determined the binding site of quercetin on tyrosinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Yu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255049, China.
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21
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Chai Z, Shang J, Shi W, Li X, Ma H. Increase of tyrosinase activity at the wound site in zebrafish imaged by a new fluorescent probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2764-2767. [PMID: 33595549 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08134e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase plays a pivotal role in the hyperpigmentation of wounds. Here, we develop a new fluorescent probe and with it, we reveal an increase of tyrosinase activity at the wound site in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Chai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jizhen Shang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Wen Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Huimin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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22
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Peng Z, Wang G, Zeng QH, Li Y, Liu H, Wang JJ, Zhao Y. A systematic review of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors and their structure-activity relationship. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4053-4094. [PMID: 33459057 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1871724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a copper-containing oxidation enzyme, which is responsible for the production of melanin. This enzyme is widely distributed in microorganisms, animals and plants, and plays an essential role in undesirable browning of fruits and vegetables, antibiotic resistance, skin pigment formation, sclerotization of cuticle, neurodegeneration, etc. Hence, it has been recognized as a therapeutic target for the development of antibrowning agents, antibacterial agents, skin-whitening agents, insecticides, and other therapeutic agents. With great potential application in food, agricultural, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, a large number of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors have been widely reported in recent years. In this review, we systematically summarized the advances of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors in the literatures, including their inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, structure-activity relationship (SAR), inhibition kinetics, and interaction mechanisms with the enzyme. The collected information is expected to provide a rational guidance and effective strategy to develop novel, potent and safe tyrosinase inhibitors for better practical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiao-Hui Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
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23
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Anunciato Casarini TP, Frank LA, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS. Dermatological applications of the flavonoid phloretin. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173593. [PMID: 32971088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Botanical molecules are known to have the ability to counteract ultraviolet radiation-induced skin damage. The interest in the development of natural compound-based products for the prevention of solar ultraviolet radiation-induced skin photoaging, melasma, and photocarcinogenesis has been increasing. Recently, the flavonoid phloretin has attracted the attention of researchers in the dermatological field for application in cosmetics and therapeutics. In addition to its antioxidant activity, phloretin has been shown to have properties such as anti-aging and depigmenting effects. In this study, we review the dermatological treatments with phloretin for conditions such as melasma, photoaging, acne, and melanoma. Phloretin has been shown to inhibit elastase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 activity, to reduce cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content, and induce apoptosis in B16 mouse melanoma 4A5 cells. An in vivo study showed that phloretin, applied topically to the dorsal skin of mice, suppressed the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced expression of COX-2, a critical molecular target of many chemopreventive, as well as anti-inflammatory agents. Phloretin can penetrate the skin; nevertheless, its penetration profile in different skin layers has not yet been evaluated. Despite its health benefits, phloretin application has been limited because of its photoinstability and poor aqueous solubility, among other limitations. Therefore, we reviewed the recent advances in pharmaceutical applications such as the use of nanotechnology, in order to improve the cutaneous availability of phloretin. In this review, we also focus on the oral application, product development challenges, and recent progress and future research directions on phloretin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Pizza Anunciato Casarini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Luiza Abrahão Frank
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Raffin Pohlmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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24
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Qu Y, Zhan Q, Du S, Ding Y, Fang B, Du W, Wu Q, Yu H, Li L, Huang W. Catalysis-based specific detection and inhibition of tyrosinase and their application. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:414-425. [PMID: 33133725 PMCID: PMC7591782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is an important enzyme in controlling the formation of melanin in melanosome, and plays a key role in the pigmentation of hair and skin. The abnormal expression or activation of tyrosinase is associated with several diseases such as albinism, vitiligo, melanoma and Parkinson disease. Excessive deposition of melanin could cause diseases such as freckles and brown spots in the human body, and it is also closely related to browning of fruits and vegetables and insect molting. Detecting and inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase is of extraordinary value in the progress of diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Therefore, many selective optical detection probes and small molecular inhibitors have been developed, and have made significant contributions to the basic and clinical research on these diseases. In this paper, the detection and inhibition of tyrosinase and their application in whitening products are reviewed, with special emphasis on development of fluorescent probes and inhibitors. Hopefully, this review will help design more efficient and sensitive tyrosinase probes and inhibitors, as well as shed light on novel treatment of diseases such as melanoma. The abnormal expression or activation of tyrosinase is the pathogenesis of several diseases such as albinism, vitiligo, and melanoma. Detecting and inhibiting tyrosinase activity is of great value in the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. The detection/inhibition of tyrosinase and its application in whitening products are reviewed, with special emphasis on probes/inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwei Qu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qing Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shubo Du
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, PR China
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Wei Du
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, PR China
| | - Haidong Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, PR China.,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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25
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Liu F, Xu WF, Mu H, Lv ZR, Peng J, Guo C, Zhou HM, Ye ZM, Li XH. Inhibition kinetics of acetosyringone on xylanase in hydrolysis of hemicellulose. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1788-1798. [PMID: 32448038 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1767499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Many phenolic compounds, derived from lignin during the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, could obviously inhibit the activity of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes. Acetosyringone (AS) is one of the phenolic compounds produced from lignin degradation. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of AS on xylanase activity through kinetic experiments. The results showed that AS could obviously inhibit the activity of xylanase in a reversible and noncompetitive binding manner (up to 50% activity loss). Inhibitory kinetics and constants of xylanase on AS were conducted by the HCH-1 model (β = 0.0090 ± 0.0009 mM-1). Furthermore, intrinsic and 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic (ANS)-binding fluorescence results showed that the tertiary structure of AS-mediated xylanase was altered. These findings provide new insights into the role of AS in xylanase activity. Our results also suggest that AS was an inhibitor of xylanase and targeting AS was a potential strategy to increase xylose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University , Guangdong, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University , Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Fei Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University , Zhejiang, China
| | - Hang Mu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University , Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Lv
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University , Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University , Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-Meng Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University , Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo-Ming Ye
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University , Guangdong, China
| | - Xu-Hui Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University , Zhejiang, China
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26
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Safflospermidines from the bee pollen of Helianthus annuus L. exhibit a higher in vitro antityrosinase activity than kojic acid. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03638. [PMID: 32215336 PMCID: PMC7090343 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ozone deterioration in the atmosphere has become a severe problem causing overexposure of ultraviolet light, which results in humans in melanin overproduction and can lead to many diseases, such as skin cancer and melasma, as well as undesirable esthetic appearances, such as freckles and hyperpigmentation. Although many compounds inhibit melanin overproduction, some of them are cytotoxic, unstable, and can cause skin irritation. Thus, searching for new natural compounds with antityrosinase activity and less/no side effects is still required. Here, bee pollen derived from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was evaluated. Materials and methods Sunflower bee pollen (SBP) was collected from Apis mellifera bees in Lopburi province, Thailand in 2017, extracted by methanol and sequentially partitioned with hexane and dichloromethane (DCM). The in vitro antityrosinase activity was evaluated using mushroom tyrosinase and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is reported. The antioxidation activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and reported as the half maximal effective concentration. Two pure compounds with antityrosinase activity were isolated by silica gel 60 column chromatography (SG60CC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and their chemical structure deduced by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. Results The DCM partitioned extract of SBP (DCMSBP) had an antityrosinase activity (IC50, 159.4 μg/mL) and was fractionated by SG60CC, providing five fractions (DCMSBP1-5). The DCMSBP5 fraction was the most active (IC50 = 18.8 μg/mL) and further fractionation by HPLC gave two active fractions, revealed by NMR analysis to be safflospermidine A and B. Interestingly, both safflospermidine A and B had a higher antityrosinase activity (IC50 of 13.8 and 31.8 μM, respectively) than kojic acid (IC50 of 44.0 μM). However, fraction DCMSBP5 had no significant antioxidation activity, while fractions DCMSBP1-4 showed a lower antioxidation activity than ascorbic acid. Conclusion Safflospermidine A and B are potential natural tyrosinase inhibitors.
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