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Gupta GK, Kapoor RK. Recent advances in eco-friendly technology for decontamination of pulp and paper mill industrial effluent: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:275. [PMID: 38363444 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The economic development of a country directly depends upon industries. But this economic development should not be at the cost of our natural environment. A substantial amount of water is spent during paper production, creating water scarcity and generating wastewater. Therefore, the Pollution Control Board classifies this industry into red category. Water is used in different papermaking stages such as debarking, pulping or bleaching, washing, and finishing. The wastewater thus generated contains lignin and xenobiotic compounds such as resin acids, chlorinated lignin, phenols, furans, dioxins, chlorophenols, adsorbable organic halogens (AOX), extractable organic halogens (EOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls, plasticizers, and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins. Nowadays, several microorganisms are used in the detoxification of these hazardous effluents. Researchers have found that microbial degradation is the most promising treatment method to remove high biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from wastewater. Microorganisms also remove AOX toxicity, chlorinated compounds, suspended solids, color, lignin, derivatives, etc. from the pulp and paper mill effluents. But in the current scenario, mill effluents are known to deteriorate the environment and therefore it is highly desirable to deploy advanced technologies for effluent treatment. This review summarizes the eco-friendly advanced treatment technologies for effluents generated from pulp and paper mills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guddu Kumar Gupta
- Enzyme and Fermentation Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Kapoor
- Enzyme and Fermentation Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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Effectiveness of Biomass-based Fly Ash in Pulp and Paper Liquid Waste Treatment. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Azimi SC, Shirini F, Pendashteh A. Synthesis, characterization, and application of α-Fe 2 O 3 @TiO 2 @SO 3 H photo-Fenton catalyst for photocatalytic degradation of biologically pre-treated wood industry wastewater. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10695. [PMID: 35243716 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of removing chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity from wood wastewater was investigated using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and the photo-Fenton process. A total of 94.78% of COD reduction and 99.9% of turbidity removal were observed under optimum conditions of SBR, which consisted of an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.453 kg COD m-3 day-1 , mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) of 4564 mg L-1 , and cycle time of 48 h. A magnetic α-Fe2 O3 @TiO2 @SO3 H nanocatalyst was prepared as a heterogeneous Fenton reagent. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and elemental mapping (MAP) analyses were performed to determine the structure and morphology of synthesized photocatalyst. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the process based on a central composite design (CCD). The maximum photocatalytic degradation of 87.54% and COD reduction of 83.35% were achieved at a dosage of 0.6 g L-1 of catalyst, 30 mg L-1 of H2 O2 , and pH of 3.5 for 45 min. The results indicated that a combination of the SBR process and α-Fe2 O3 @TiO2 @SO3 H could be used as an effective method for the treatment of wood wastewater. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A combination of the SBR and photo-Fenton process was introduced as an impressive method for wood industry wastewater treatment. The efficiencies of COD, BOD5 , NO3 -N, PO4 -P, and color removal were obtained according to the standard limits in Iran. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of the use of synthesized α-Fe2 O3 @TiO2 @SO3 H photocatalyst for the wood industry wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyedeh Cobra Azimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Water Engineering and Environment, The Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farhad Shirini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Pendashteh
- Department of Water Engineering and Environment, The Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Hurtado JA, Valdez LF, Escudero CJ. Solar homogeneous catalysis to the removal of organic matter from slaughterhouse effluents undergone to a prior biological process. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:2242-2251. [PMID: 34810308 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study shows the effectiveness of the wastewater treatment from a municipal slaughterhouse that has undergone a previous biological treatment applying a sequence of stages, reaching a 75% of elimination of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) using sedimentation in combination with coagulation-flocculation, using 0.5 g/L FeCl3 which is one of the best known inorganic coagulants. Then, the elimination of COD was around 98% adding the Fenton process in which 1,000 mg/L H2O2 and FeSO4 were used. In addition to the COD, other water quality parameters were measured to evaluate the level of purification of the test samples, such as solids of different types, pH, DOC and so on. With the above process, it can be noted that the Fenton process produced a slight improvement in the effluent quality by using a solar concentrator in the now-called photo-Fenton process, reaching around 99% of COD removal (0.36 g/L), 91% of total suspended solids (0.32 g/L) and 89% of dissolved organic carbon (0.20 g/L). These results were the best achieved within a proposed treatment train for this type of complex wastewater. Moreover, this last part of the process adds an improvement by the usage of renewable energy sources such as sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Hurtado
- Departament of Biotechnology and Environmental, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, 45129 Zapopan, Mexico E-mail:
| | - L F Valdez
- Departament of Biotechnology and Environmental, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, 45129 Zapopan, Mexico E-mail:
| | - C J Escudero
- Departament of Biotechnology and Environmental, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, 45129 Zapopan, Mexico E-mail:
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Bisht D, Sinha S, Nigam S, Bisaria K, Mehrotra T, Singh R. Adsorptive decontamination of paper mill effluent by nano fly ash: response surface methodology, adsorption isotherm and reusability studies. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:1662-1676. [PMID: 33843750 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, adsorption of colour and other pollutants from agro-based paper mill effluent onto fabricated coal fly ash nanoparticles (CFA-N) have been investigated. Response surface methodology was applied to evaluate the operational conditions for maximum ouster of colour from effluent by nano structured CFA-N. Maximum reduction in colour (92.45%) and other pollutants were obtained at optimum conditions: 60 min interaction time, 60 g/L adsorbent dosage and 80 rpm agitation rate. The regression coefficient values (adjusted R2 = 0.7169; predicted R2 = 0.7539) established harmony between predicted and the experimental data. The adsorption equilibrium results matched perfectly with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms with maximum adsorption capacity of 250 platinum-cobalt/g. Additionally, the efficacy of CFA-N was also assessed in a continuous column mode. Furthermore, the feasibility of treated effluent for irrigation purpose was checked by growing the plant Solanum lycopersicum. Overall, the findings demonstrated the outstanding role of inexpensive and abundantly available CFA-N in treatment of paper mill effluent to the required compliance levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Bisht
- Centre for Fly Ash Research and Management, New Delhi, India; † These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Surbhi Sinha
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125 Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail: ; † These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sonal Nigam
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125 Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail:
| | - Kavya Bisaria
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125 Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail:
| | - Tithi Mehrotra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125 Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail:
| | - Rachana Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125 Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail:
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Effect of Zr Impregnation on Clay-Based Materials for H2O2-Assisted Photocatalytic Wet Oxidation of Winery Wastewater. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12123387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
UV-activated Zr-doped composites were successfully produced through the impregnation of Zr on the crystal lattice of different clay materials by a one-step route. Fixing the amount of Zr available for dopage (4%), the influence of different supports, submitted to different chemical treatments, on the photocatalytic activity of the resulting Zr-doped pillared clay materials (PILC) was assessed. Both chemical characterization and structural characterization suggest that the immobilization of Zr on montmorillonite and PILC structures occurred through isomorphic substitution between Si and Zr in the tetrahedral sheet of the clay material. This structural change was demonstrated by significant modifications on Si-OH stretching vibrations (1016 cm−1, 1100 cm−1 and 1150 cm−1), and resulted in improved textural properties, with an increase in surface area from 8 m2/g (natural montmorillonite) to 107 m2/g after the pillaring process, and to 118 m2/g after the pillaring and Zr-doping processes ((Zr)Al-Cu-PILC). These materials were tested in the UV-photodegradation of agro-industrial wastewater (AIW), characterized by high concentrations of recalcitrant contaminants. After Zr-dopage on AlCu-PILC heterogeneous catalyst, the total organic carbon (TOC) removals of 8.9% and 10.4% were obtained through adsorption and 77% and 86% by photocatalytic oxidation, at pH 4 and 7, respectively. These results suggest a synergetic effect deriving from the combination of Zr and Cu on the photocatalytic degradation process.
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Proano-Pena G, Carrano AL, Blersch DM. Analysis of very-high surface area 3D-printed media in a moving bed biofilm reactor for wastewater treatment. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238386. [PMID: 32853235 PMCID: PMC7451639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBRs) can efficiently treat wastewater by incorporating suspended biocarriers that provide attachment surfaces for active microorganisms. The performance of MBBRs for wastewater treatment is, among other factors, contingent upon the characteristics of the surface area of the biocarriers. Thus, novel biocarrier topology designs can potentially increase MBBR performance in a significant manner. The goal of this work is to assess the performance of 3-D-printed biofilter media biocarriers with varying surface area designs for use in nitrifying MBBRs for wastewater treatment. Mathematical models, rendering, and 3D printing were used to design and fabricate gyroid-shaped biocarriers with a high degree of complexity at three different levels of specific surface area (SSA), generally providing greater specific surface areas than currently available commercial designs. The biocarriers were inoculated with a nitrifying bacteria community, and tested in a series of batch reactors for ammonia conversion to nitrate, in three different experimental configurations: constant fill ratio, constant total surface area, and constant biocarrier media count. Results showed that large and medium SSA gyroid biocarriers delivered the best ammonia conversion performance of all designs, and significantly better than that of a standard commercial design. The percentage of ammonia nitrogen conversion at 8 hours for the best performing biocarrier design was: 99.33% (large SSA gyroid, constant fill ratio), 94.74% (medium SSA gyroid, constant total surface area), and 92.73% (large SSA gyroid, constant biocarrier media count). Additionally, it is shown that the ammonia conversion performance was correlated to the specific surface area of the biocarrier, with the greatest rates of ammonia conversion (99.33%) and nitrate production (2.7 mg/L) for manufactured gyroid biocarriers with a specific surface area greater than 1980.5 m2/m3. The results suggest that the performance of commercial MBBRs for wastewater treatment can be greatly improved by manipulation of media design through topology optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andres L. Carrano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - David M. Blersch
- Biosystems Engineering Department, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Souza LAD, Benvenuti T, Buzzi DC, Rodrigues MAS, Amado FDR. Electrodialysis reversal applied to tertiary treatment of Kraft pulp mill effluent. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2020.1789603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luan Amaral de Souza
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, UESC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência, Inovação e Modelagem em Materiais, PROCIMM, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Benvenuti
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, UESC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência, Inovação e Modelagem em Materiais, PROCIMM, Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Daniella Cardoso Buzzi
- Rede Temática em Engenharia de Materiais – REDEMAT. Praça Tiradentes, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Franco Dani Rico Amado
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, UESC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência, Inovação e Modelagem em Materiais, PROCIMM, Ilhéus, Brazil
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Kinetic analysis via mathematical modeling for ferrous iron oxidation in a class of SBR-type system. Chin J Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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