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Saravanan A, Thamarai P, Deivayanai VC, Karishma S, Shaji A, Yaashikaa PR. Current strategies on bioremediation of personal care products and detergents: Sustainability and life cycle assessment. Chemosphere 2024; 354:141698. [PMID: 38490608 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The increased use of personal care products and detergents in modern society has raised concerns about their potential adverse effects on the environment. These products contain various chemical compounds that can persist in water bodies, leading to water pollution and ecological disturbances. Bioremediation has emerged as a promising approach to address these challenges, utilizing the natural capabilities of microorganisms to degrade or remove these contaminants. This review examines the current strategies employed in the bioremediation of personal care products and detergents, with a specific focus on their sustainability and environmental impact. This bioremediation is essential for environmental rejuvenation, as it uses living organisms to detergents and other daily used products. Its distinctiveness stems from sustainable, nature-centric ways that provide eco-friendly solutions for pollution eradication and nurturing a healthy planet, all while avoiding copying. Explores the use of microbial consortia, enzyme-based treatments, and novel biotechnological approaches in the context of environmental remediation. Additionally, the ecological implications and long-term sustainability of these strategies are assessed. Understanding the strengths and limitations of these bioremediation techniques is essential for developing effective and environmentally friendly solutions to mitigate the impact of personal care products and detergents on ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
| | - P Thamarai
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - V C Deivayanai
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - S Karishma
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Alan Shaji
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P R Yaashikaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
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Aziz T, Qadir R, Anwar F, Naz S, Nazir N, Nabi G, Haiying C, Lin L, Alharbi M, Alasmari AF. Optimal Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Phenolics from Leaves of Pongamia pinnata via Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Networking. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04875-w. [PMID: 38386143 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This research work seeks to evaluate the impact of selected enzyme complexes on the optimised release of phenolics from leaves of Pongamia pinnata. After preliminary solvent extraction, the P. pinnata leaf extract was subjected to enzymatic treatment, using enzyme cocktails such as kemzyme dry-plus, natuzyme, and zympex-014. It was noticed that zympex-014 had a greater extract yield (28.0%) than kemzyme dry-plus (17.0%) and natuzyme (18.0%). Based on the better outcomes, zympex-014-based extract values were subsequently applied to several RSM parameters. The selected model is suggested to be significant by the F value (12.50) and R2 value (0.9669). The applicability of the ANN model was shown by how closely the projected values from the ANN were to the experimental values. In terms of total phenolic contents (18.61 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid contents (12.56 mg CE/g), and DPPH test (IC50) (6.5 g/mL), antioxidant activities also shown significant findings. SEM analysis also revealed that the cell walls were damaged during enzymatic hydrolysis, as opposed to non-hydrolysed material. Using GC-MS, five potent phenolic compounds were identified in P. pinnata extract. According to the findings of this study, the recovery of phenolic bioactives and subsequent increase in the antioxidant capacity of P. pinnata leaf extract were both positively impacted by the optimisation approaches suggested, including the use of zympex-014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Aziz
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Rahman Qadir
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farooq Anwar
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sumaira Naz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Nausheen Nazir
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow 31-120, Poland
| | - Cui Haiying
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Gupta GK, Kapoor RK. Recent advances in eco-friendly technology for decontamination of pulp and paper mill industrial effluent: a review. Environ Monit Assess 2024; 196:275. [PMID: 38363444 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The economic development of a country directly depends upon industries. But this economic development should not be at the cost of our natural environment. A substantial amount of water is spent during paper production, creating water scarcity and generating wastewater. Therefore, the Pollution Control Board classifies this industry into red category. Water is used in different papermaking stages such as debarking, pulping or bleaching, washing, and finishing. The wastewater thus generated contains lignin and xenobiotic compounds such as resin acids, chlorinated lignin, phenols, furans, dioxins, chlorophenols, adsorbable organic halogens (AOX), extractable organic halogens (EOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls, plasticizers, and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins. Nowadays, several microorganisms are used in the detoxification of these hazardous effluents. Researchers have found that microbial degradation is the most promising treatment method to remove high biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from wastewater. Microorganisms also remove AOX toxicity, chlorinated compounds, suspended solids, color, lignin, derivatives, etc. from the pulp and paper mill effluents. But in the current scenario, mill effluents are known to deteriorate the environment and therefore it is highly desirable to deploy advanced technologies for effluent treatment. This review summarizes the eco-friendly advanced treatment technologies for effluents generated from pulp and paper mills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guddu Kumar Gupta
- Enzyme and Fermentation Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Kapoor
- Enzyme and Fermentation Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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Zhou Y, Tian Y, Beltrame G, Laaksonen O, Yang B. Ultrasonication-assisted enzymatic bioprocessing as a green method for valorizing oat hulls. Food Chem 2023; 426:136658. [PMID: 37354577 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonication-assisted enzymatic treatments using Viscozyme®, Alcalase®, and feruloyl esterase were applied to recover proteins, avenanthramides, phenolic acids, free sugars, and organic acids from oat hulls (OH). The profiles of the chemical compounds in OH were markedly influenced by the nature of enzymes, ultrasonication frequency, and processing time. A significant increase in the contents of proteins and phenolic acids was observed in the liquid fraction of all enzymatic treatments, which was 2-19 folds higher than those detected in untreated OH. In contrast, avenanthramides were mostly degraded during enzyme hydrolyses. The highest content of proteins (68.9 g/100 g DM) was found in the liquid fraction after the feruloyl esterase treatment assisted with 90 min of ultrasonication at 25 kHz. This fraction also contained 0.07% phenolic acids, 14.1% free sugars, and 1.8% organic acids, which can be potentially used as the ingredient of novel food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Ye Tian
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Gabriele Beltrame
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Oskar Laaksonen
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Sciences, Department of Life Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Shanxi Center for Testing of Functional Agro-Products, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
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Ning Y, Mai J, Hu BB, Lin ZL, Chen Y, Jiang YL, Wei MY, Zhu MJ. Study on the effect of enzymatic treatment of tobacco on HnB cigarettes and microbial succession during fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12577-2. [PMID: 37209161 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Starch and cellulose are the fundamental components of tobacco, while their excessive content will affect the quality of tobacco. Enzymatic treatment with different enzymes is a promising method to modulate the chemical composition and improve the sensory quality of tobacco leaves. In this study, enzymatic treatments, such as amylase, cellulase, and their mixed enzymes, were used to improve tobacco quality, which could alter the content of total sugar, reducing sugar, starch, and cellulose in tobacco leaves. The amylase treatment changed surface structure of tobacco leaves, increased the content of neophytadiene in tobacco by 16.48%, and improved the total smoking score of heat-not-burn (HnB) cigarette products by 5.0 points compared with the control. The Bacillus, Rubrobacter, Brevundimonas, Methylobacterium, Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter, Pseudosagedia-chlorotica, and Sclerophora-peronella were found to be significant biomarkers in the fermentation process by LEfSe analysis. The Basidiomycota and Agaricomycetes were significantly correlated with aroma and flavor, taste, and total score of HnB. The results showed that microbial community succession occurred due to amylase treatment, which promoted the formation of aroma compounds, and regulated the chemical composition of tobacco, and improved tobacco quality during tobacco fermentation. This study provides a method for enzymatic treatment to upgrade the quality of tobacco raw materials, thereby improving the quality of HnB cigarettes, and the potential mechanism is also revealed by chemical composition and microbial community analysis. KEY POINTS: Enzymatic treatment can change the chemical composition of tobacco leaves. The microbial community was significantly affected by enzymatic treatment. The quality of HnB cigarettes was significantly improved by amylase treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ning
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Mai
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Bin Hu
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong-Long Lin
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Lei Jiang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yang Wei
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ming-Jun Zhu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
- College of Life and Geographic Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecology of Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, The Key Laboratory of Ecology and Biological Resources in Yarkand Oasis at Colleges & Universities Under the Department of Education of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Kashi University, Kashi, 844006, People's Republic of China.
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Xu Y, Sun L, Gu Y, Cheng G, Fan X, Ding Y, Zhuang Y. Improving the emulsification performance of adlay seed starch by esterification combined with ultrasonication and enzymatic treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124839. [PMID: 37172703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, superior modified starch was prepared using ultrasonic and enzymatic treatments to confirm the potential of using adlay seed starch (ASS) in Pickering emulsions. Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)-modified starches, such as OSA-UASS, OSA-EASS, and OSA-UEASS, were prepared using ultrasonic, enzymatic, and combined ultrasonic and enzymatic treatments, respectively. The effects of these treatments on the structure and properties of ASS were evaluated to elucidate their influence on starch modification. Ultrasonic and enzymatic treatments improved the esterification efficiency of ASS by changing its external and internal morphological characteristics and the crystalline structure to provide more binding sites for esterification. The degree of substitution (DS) of ASS modified by these pretreatments was 22.3-51.1 % higher than that of the OSA-modified starch without pretreatment (OSA-ASS). Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirmed the esterification. Small particle size and near-neutral wettability indicated that OSA-UEASS was the promising emulsification stabilizer. The emulsion prepared using OSA-UEASS exhibited better emulsifying activity and emulsion stability and long-term stability for up to 30 days. These amphiphilic granules with improved structure and morphology were used to stabilize a Pickering emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xuejing Fan
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yangyue Ding
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yongliang Zhuang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Yang Z, Wu Y, Ouyang J. Effect of Cooking Method and Enzymatic Treatment on the in vitro Digestibility of Cooked and Instant Chestnut Flour. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2023; 78:166-172. [PMID: 36469235 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-01035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microwave treatment, roasting, boiling, and enzymatic treatment were used to prepare cooked and instant chestnut flour, and the in vitro digestibility were compared. Cooking gelatinized the starch and destroyed the granular and crystal structure, increasing starch digestibility. After enzymatic hydrolysis, starches were degraded by 20~24%, and the reducing sugar content of the instant flours increased by 79~94%. Starch digestibility was reduced after enzymatic hydrolysis, however, the estimated glycemic index (GI) increased to 65.1 ~ 77.7 due to the combined effect of increased reducing sugar and decreased starch hydrolysis in the instant flours. The chestnuts treated by 'boiling + enzymes' are still a medium GI food. These findings give guidance for the development of low GI cooked and instant chestnut flour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglei Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwen Wu
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis), 100089, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ouyang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, Beijing, China.
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Tong X, He Z, Zheng L, Pande H, Ni Y. Enzymatic treatment processes for the production of cellulose nanomaterials: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 299:120199. [PMID: 36876810 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanomaterials have attracted much attention in recent years because of their unique properties. Commercial or semi-commercial production of nanocellulose has been reported in recent years. Mechanical treatments for nanocellulose production are viable but highly energy-intensive. Chemical processes are well reported; however, these chemical processes are not only costly, but also cause environmental concerns and end-use related challenges. This review summarizes recent researches on enzymatic treatment of cellulose fibers for the production of cellulose nanomaterials, with focus on novel enzymatic processes with xylanase and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) to enhance the efficacy of cellulase. Different enzymes are discussed, including endoglucanase, exoglucanase and xylanase, as well as LPMO, with emphasis on the accessibility and hydrolytic specificity of LPMO enzymes to cellulose fiber structures. LPMO acts in a synergistic way with cellulase to cause significant physical and chemical changes to the cellulose fiber cell-wall structures, which facilitate the nano-fibrillation of the fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada; Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, PR China
| | - Zhibin He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada.
| | - Linqiang Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada
| | - Harshad Pande
- Domtar Corporation, 395 Blvd Maisonneuve West, Montreal, PQ H3A 1L6, Canada
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, Canada
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Wang S, Liu Z, Zhao S, Zhang L, Li C, Liu S. Effect of combined ultrasonic and enzymatic extraction technique on the quality of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) juice. Ultrason Sonochem 2023; 92:106231. [PMID: 36463783 PMCID: PMC9722495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In order to obtain noni juice with high yield and good quality, the effect of combined extraction technique of enzymatic treatment (EZ) and ultrasonication (US) on the overall quality of noni juice was investigated. Moreover, the extraction performance of the EZ-US combined extraction technique was compared with that of EZ-based extraction and the US-based extraction. Response surface methodology (RSM) was designed to optimize the parameters of ultrasonic treatment, by taking consideration of the extraction efficiency, quality parameters and bioactive ingredients of noni juice. The results indicated that combined ultrasonic and enzymatic treatment achieved a synergistic effect on promoting the quality of noni juice. The maximum juice yield of 67.95 % was obtained under ultrasonication for 10 min at 600 W after enzymatic treatment (EZU). In addition, EZU-treated juice exhibited the highest contents of total phenolic and flavonoid, which were 148.19 ± 2.53 mg gallic acid/100 mL and 47.19 ± 1.22 mg rutin/100 mL, respectively, thus contributing to better antioxidant activity. Moreover, the EZU treatment significantly reduced the particle size of noni juice, and improved its suspension stability and rheological properties. FTIR results indicated that the treatments did not bring major changes in the chemical structure and the functional groups of compounds in noni juice. Therefore, EZU treatment can be successfully applied to the extraction of noni juice with better nutritional properties and overall quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Products Processing Technology of Haikou City, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Congfa Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Products Processing Technology of Haikou City, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Sixin Liu
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Products Processing Technology of Haikou City, Haikou 570228, China.
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Aguilera Flores MM, Sánchez Castro MA, Ávila Vázquez V, Correa Aguado HC, García Torres J. Evaluation of the lipase from castor bean ( Ricinus Communis L.) as a potential agent for the remediation of used lubricating oil contaminated soils. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2022; 20:657-673. [PMID: 36406614 PMCID: PMC9672203 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-022-00806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation of hydrocarbons-contaminated soils, using enzymes, is considered an alternative technology for soil remediation, obtaining shorter remediation times, greater removal efficiencies, and less waste generation. The lipases from invasive plants such as castor bean (Ricinus Communis L.) could represent an opportunity for its application in this purpose. This paper reports the results of evaluating enzymatic treatment at different conditions for the remediation of used lubricating oil-contaminated soils. Four assays were performed for the removal of the contaminant in a soil sample: (1) natural attenuation and (2) biostimulation with urea (10% w/v), both used as blanks, (3) enzymatic treatment with lipases at ambient conditions (room temperature, soil pH) and (4) enzymatic treatment with lipases at ideal conditions (temperature 37 °C, pH 4.5). After seven weeks of treatment, removal percentages of 14.23 ± 1.92%, 35.71 ± 5.17%, 14.11 ± 6.71%, and 94.26 ± 1.91%, respectively, were obtained. The degradation of the contaminant was analyzed by Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for each assay. Results show the potential of the lipases for catalyzing the degradation of this contaminant in the soil at ideal conditions, representing an alternative technology to be applied as treatment ex-situ. This paper is the first study known to show the utilization of castor bean lipase for the remediation of hydrocarbons-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Mauricio Aguilera Flores
- Environmental Engineering, Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Zacatecas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Bote 202 Cerro del Gato Ejido La Escondida, Col. Ciudad Administrativa, 98160 Zacatecas, Zac Mexico
| | - Manuel Alexis Sánchez Castro
- Environmental Engineering, Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Zacatecas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Bote 202 Cerro del Gato Ejido La Escondida, Col. Ciudad Administrativa, 98160 Zacatecas, Zac Mexico
| | - Verónica Ávila Vázquez
- Environmental Engineering, Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Zacatecas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Bote 202 Cerro del Gato Ejido La Escondida, Col. Ciudad Administrativa, 98160 Zacatecas, Zac Mexico
| | - Hans Christian Correa Aguado
- Environmental Engineering, Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Zacatecas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Bote 202 Cerro del Gato Ejido La Escondida, Col. Ciudad Administrativa, 98160 Zacatecas, Zac Mexico
| | - Jésica García Torres
- Environmental Engineering, Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Zacatecas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Bote 202 Cerro del Gato Ejido La Escondida, Col. Ciudad Administrativa, 98160 Zacatecas, Zac Mexico
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Dadan M, Grobelna A, Kalisz S, Witrowa-Rajchert D. The impact of ultrasound-assisted thawing on the bioactive components in juices obtained from blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.). Ultrason Sonochem 2022; 89:106156. [PMID: 36084570 PMCID: PMC9465023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) assisted thawing of blue honeysuckle berry was utilized in order to reduce the losses of bioactive components (ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, iridoids, proanthocyanins) and increase the extraction efficiency during juice processing. It was analysed whether it was more beneficial to apply US (alone or with enzymatic treatment) to the frozen state, until reaching the cryoscopic temperature or thawed state. Both the US and enzymatic treatment significantly increased the extraction efficiency, extract content, acidity and the content of iridoids and chlorogenic acid in juices, especially if the US was applied to 50 °C. It was probably due to a higher extractivity by the greater damage of the tissue and detexturation. Enzymatic treatment due to long heating contributed to a higher degradation of anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and proanthocyanidins, which are more heat-sensitive. The results of the study mainly indicated the possibility of including ultrasound-assisted thawing in the fruit processing before pressing the juices. This may replace costly enzymatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Dadan
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Grobelna
- Division of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Stanisław Kalisz
- Division of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Witrowa-Rajchert
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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12
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Moris V, Lam M, Amoureux L, Magallon A, Guilloteau A, Maldiney T, Zwetyenga N, Falentin-Daudre C, Neuwirth C. What is the best technic to dislodge Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm on medical implants? BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:192. [PMID: 35933363 PMCID: PMC9356421 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial biofilm can occur on all medical implanted devices and lead to infection and/or dysfunction of the device. In this study, artificial biofilm was formed on four different medical implants (silicone, piccline, peripheral venous catheter and endotracheal tube) of interest for our daily clinical and/or research practice. We investigated the best conventional technic to dislodge the biofilm on the implants and quantified the number of bacteria. Staphylococcus epidermidis previously isolated from a breast implant capsular contracture on a patient in the university hospital of Dijon was selected for its ability to produce biofilm on the implants. Different technics (sonication, Digest-EUR®, mechanized bead mill, combination of sonication plus Digest-EUR®) were tested and compared to detach the biofilm before quantifying viable bacteria by colony counting. Results For all treatments, the optical and scanning electron microscope images showed substantial less biofilm biomass remaining on the silicone implant compared to non-treated implant. This study demonstrated that the US procedure was statistically superior to the other physical treatment: beads, Digest-EUR® alone and Digest-EUR® + US (p < 0.001) for the flexible materials (picc-line, PIV, and silicone). The number of bacteria released by the US is significantly higher with a difference of 1 log on each material. The result for a rigid endotracheal tube were different with superiority for the chemical treatment dithiothreitol: Digest-EUR®. Surprisingly the combination of the US plus Digest-EUR® treatment was consistently inferior for the four materials. Conclusions Depending on the materials used, the biofilm dislodging technique must be adapted. The US procedure was the best technic to dislodge S. epidermidis biofilm on silicone, piccline, peripheral venous catheter but not endotracheal tube. This suggested that scientists should compare themselves different methods before designing a protocol of biofilm study on a given material. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02606-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Moris
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Dijon, boulevard de Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 21000, Dijon, France. .,Lipids Nutrition Cancer Team NuTox, UMR866, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 17 rue Paul Gaffarel, Dijon, 21000, France.
| | - Mylan Lam
- LBPS/CSPBAT, UMR CNRS 7244, Galilee Institute, Paris 13 University Sorbonne Paris Cité, 99 avenue JB, 93430, Clément, Villetaneuse, France
| | - Lucie Amoureux
- Department of Bacteriology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon Cedex, France.,UMR/CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Arnaud Magallon
- Department of Bacteriology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon Cedex, France.,UMR/CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Adrien Guilloteau
- Hospital Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, University of Franche-Comté, 11 Rue Claude Goudimel, Besançon, 25000, France
| | - Thomas Maldiney
- Lipids Nutrition Cancer Team NuTox, UMR866, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 17 rue Paul Gaffarel, Dijon, 21000, France.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, William Morey General Hospital, Chalon-sur-Saône, France
| | - Narcisse Zwetyenga
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Dijon, boulevard de Maréchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 21000, Dijon, France.,Lipids Nutrition Cancer Team NuTox, UMR866, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 17 rue Paul Gaffarel, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Céline Falentin-Daudre
- LBPS/CSPBAT, UMR CNRS 7244, Galilee Institute, Paris 13 University Sorbonne Paris Cité, 99 avenue JB, 93430, Clément, Villetaneuse, France
| | - Catherine Neuwirth
- Department of Bacteriology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon Cedex, France.,UMR/CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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13
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Valizadeh S, Rezaei S, Mohamadnia S, Rahimi E, Tavakoli O, Faramarzi MA. Elimination and detoxification of phenanthrene assisted by a laccase from halophile Alkalibacillus almallahensis. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2022; 20:227-239. [PMID: 35669835 PMCID: PMC9163237 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00771-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phenanthrene (Phe), a tricyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH), is found in high concentrations as a pollutant in various environments. In this study, the removal or (oxidizing) ability of Phe by a laccase from Alkalibacillus almallahensis was investigated. The laccase (12 U mL-1) was able to remove 63% of Phe (50 mg L-1) under optimal conditions of 40 °C, pH 8, 1.5 M NaCl and in the presence of 1 mM HBT as a laccase mediator after a 72 h incubation period. The results for the effect of different solvents, ionic and non-ionic surfactants on the activity of the halophilic laccase towards Phe showed that the addition of these compounds increase removal efficiency and complete enzymatic removal of Phe will achieve in a solution of 5% (v/v) acetone and 1.5% tween 80. The kinetic parameters K m and V max of laccase-catalyzed removal of the substrate were determined as 0.544 mM and 0.882 µmol h-1 mg-1, respectively. A microtoxicity study with respect to the inhibition of algal growth showed a decrease in toxicity of the laccase-treated Phe solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiler Valizadeh
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14176 Iran
| | - Shahla Rezaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155–6451, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Sonia Mohamadnia
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14176 Iran
| | - Elaheh Rahimi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14176 Iran
| | - Omid Tavakoli
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14176 Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155–6451, 1417614411 Tehran, Iran
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Hu X, Cheng L, Hong Y, Li Z, Li C, Gu Z. Impact of celluloses and pectins restrictions on gluten development and water distribution in potato-wheat flour dough. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:534-542. [PMID: 35235853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The addition of potato to wheat flour extends the nutritional values of bread. However, the adverse effects mediated by high dietary fiber in potato flour could affect the formation of gluten matrix. The water dynamics and distribution determined by the Low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) demonstrated a competitive water binding of dietary fiber, resulting in the partial dehydration and conformational changes of gluten protein complexes. Besides, the microstructure of the dough characterized by Scanning electron microscope (SEM) suggested that the insoluble cellulose could block the continuity of gluten from the spatial position, thereby negative affecting the mechanical properties of the dough. In our study, addition of cellulase and/or pectinase apparently mitigated the gluten aggregation and dehydration, contributing to the formation and the continuity of the three-dimensional gluten network. As a consequence, the specific volume of the bread was increased by 40.2%, and the hardness was reduced by 64.48%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Hu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Yan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Caiming Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhengbiao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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15
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Wang Q, Shen P, Chen B. Ultracentrifugal milling and steam heating pretreatment improves structural characteristics, functional properties, and in vitro binding capacity of cellulase modified soy okara residues. Food Chem 2022; 384:132526. [PMID: 35217458 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Soy okara contains high levels of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF). The objective of this work is to investigate the composition, structure changes, and functionality of okara residues after the modification by ultracentrifugal milling (M), milling + steam heating (M + S), or milling + steam heating + enzymatic (M + S + E) treatment. The results showed that the combination of M + S could significantly convert okara IDF into soluble ones, and the highest conversion rate (59%) was achieved with the smallest size (147 µm). The structural characterization revealed that size reduction altered the functional groups and crystallinity of the modified okara residues with irregular and enlarged morphology. More importantly, the functionalities, including water and oil holding capacities, swelling capacity, as well as cholesterol and bile acid binding capacities were improved remarkably in okara residues pretreated by M + S prior to cellulase hydrolysis. The findings provide new insights on the effective biotransformation of okara into valuable food ingredients.
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16
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Cuprys A, Thomson P, Suresh G, Roussi T, Brar SK, Drogui P. Potential of agro-industrial produced laccase to remove ciprofloxacin. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:10112-10121. [PMID: 34510355 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13578-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a widely used antibiotic, is frequently detected in the environment due to insufficient wastewater and water treatment. Hence, novel, green and cost-effective technologies are required to enhance the removal of these pollutants. The potency of crude enzymes, especially laccases, produced by white-rot fungi was tested to assess their effectiveness to degrade CIP from water. Crude laccase alone could not oxidize CIP. The addition of syringaldehyde, a redox mediator, resulted in a decrease in antibiotic concentration up to 68.09±0.12% in 24 h, which was the highest removal efficiency achieved with 0.15 mg/mL syringaldehyde and 2 mg/mL of crude laccase (0.1 U/ml). Crude laccase oxidation of CIP was inhibited after 6 h of treatment. To compare, a pure enzyme with the same activity as the crude one removed 86% of CIP in 24 h. No inhibitory effect during the treatment was observed. The estimation of antimicrobial efficiency revealed that after 6 h of treatment, the toxicity towards Escherichia coli decreased by 30%. The wastewater treatment by the crude laccase-mediated system was estimated to significantly reduce the cost of enzymatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Cuprys
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Elizabeth Stephansens vei 15, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Paisley Thomson
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Gayatri Suresh
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Tarek Roussi
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
- Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada.
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, North York, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Patrick Drogui
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec, G1K 9A9, Canada
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17
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Atencio S, Verkempinck SHE, Bernaerts T, Reineke K, Hendrickx M, Van Loey A. Impact of processing on the production of a carotenoid-rich Cucurbita maxima cv. Hokkaido pumpkin juice. Food Chem 2022; 380:132191. [PMID: 35081478 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pumpkin juice with high carotenoid content can be attractive natural alternative for artificial food colourants. We evaluated the impact of processing treatments on aqueous carotenoid extraction from pumpkins, aiming to enhance carotenoid transfer into the juice fraction. Crushed whole pumpkins were processed by high pressure homogenization (HPH) for mechanical cell disruption, by enzymatic treatment for cell wall polysaccharide degradation or by a pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment for cell membrane electroporation. Processed purees were separated into juice and pomace and carotenoids were quantified by HPLC-DAD. Whereas only 54-60% of the carotenoids in non-processed puree was transferred into the juice, HPH- and enzyme-assisted processing of purees significantly increased juice yields and total soluble solids, and consequently, carotenoid concentrations in these juices up to 90-98% and 72-90%, respectively. No significant improvement was observed for PEF-treated samples. Results obtained can be industrially useful in producing natural colouring plant concentrates as clean-label ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmaine Atencio
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah H E Verkempinck
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Bernaerts
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kai Reineke
- GNT Europa GmbH, Kackertstrasse 22, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc Hendrickx
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Loey
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Food Technology, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, Box 2457, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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18
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Liu J, Liu D, Bi J, Liu X, Lyu Y, Verkerk R, Dekker M. Micelle separation conditions based on particle size strongly affect carotenoid bioaccessibility assessment from juices after in vitro digestion. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110891. [PMID: 34980416 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
For assessing the carotenoid bioaccessibility during in vitro digestion, obtaining the micelle fraction that can diffuse through the mucin layer according to the particle size is an important step. However, the accuracy of the various approaches to obtaining the right fraction of micelles described in literature has not been investigated. In many studies the reported bioaccessible fraction might therefore be over- or underestimating the real bioaccessibility. The present study aimed to fill this gap and give approaches to get accurate data on the bioaccessible fraction from samples with different properties. Results illustrated that optimizing the centrifugal speed and duration of the digesta are essential in obtaining the micelle fraction. Different digesta have different optimum centrifugal parameters to obtain the bioaccessible fraction. 6,000 rpm and 40 min was selected as the optimum centrifugal parameter for combined juice (CJ). 6,000 rpm and 60 min was the optimum centrifugal parameter for CJ with oil, and CJ with emulsion using non-ionic emulsifier. 8,000 rpm and 20 min was the optimum centrifugal parameter for CJ with emulsion using ionic emulsifier. Polygalacturonanase (PG)-digested systems required higher centrifugal speed (10,000 rpm) compared with CJ-based systems (6,000 rpm or 8,000 rpm). A prediction model to determine the optimal centrifugation speed/time from the properties of the intestinal digesta was developed. Sample preparation conditions strongly affect carotenoid bioaccessibility assessment from juices during in vitro digestion. Based on these results, it is highly recommended to perform an optimized preparation procedure for bioaccessible fraction prior to carotenoid bioaccessibility analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China; Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dazhi Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jinfeng Bi
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xuan Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ying Lyu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruud Verkerk
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Dekker
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Mathur P, Sanyal D, Callahan DL, Conlan XA, Pfeffer FM. Treatment technologies to mitigate the harmful effects of recalcitrant fluoroquinolone antibiotics on the environ- ment and human health. Environ Pollut 2021; 291:118233. [PMID: 34582925 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic proliferation in the environment and their persistent nature is an issue of global concern as they induce antibiotic resistance threatening both human health and the ecosystem. Antibiotics have therefore been categorized as emerging pollutants. Fluoroquinolone (FQs) antibiotics are an emerging class of contaminants that are used extensively in human and veterinary medicine. The recalcitrant nature of fluoroquinolones has led to their presence in wastewater, effluents and water bodies. Even at a low concentration, FQs can stimulate antibacterial resistance. The main sources of FQ contamination include waste from pharmaceutical manufacturing industries, hospitals and households that ultimately reaches the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The conventional WWTPs are unable to completely remove FQs due to their chemical stability. Therefore, the development and implementation of more efficient, economical, convenient treatment and removal technologies are needed to adequately address the issue. This review provides an overview of the technologies available for the removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics from wastewater including adsorptive removal, advanced oxidation processes, removal using non-carbon based nanomaterials, microbial degradation and enzymatic degradation. Each treatment technology is discussed on its merits and limitations and a comparative view is presented on the choice of an advanced treatment process for future studies and implementation. A discussion on the commercialization potential and eco-friendliness of each technology is also included in the review. The importance of metabolite identification and their residual toxicity determination has been emphasized. The last section of the review provides an overview of the policy interventions and regulatory frameworks that aid in retrofitting antibiotics as a central key focus contaminant and thereby defining the discharge limits for antibiotics and establishing safe manufacturing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purvi Mathur
- TERI-Deakin NanoBiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, 110003, India; Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (Burwood Campus), 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Doyeli Sanyal
- TERI-Deakin NanoBiotechnology Centre, Sustainable Agriculture Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, 110003, India; Amity University Punjab, IT City, Sector 82A, Mohali, 140308, India.
| | - Damien L Callahan
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences (Burwood Campus), 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Xavier A Conlan
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, (Waurn Ponds Campus), 75 Pigdons Road, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Frederick M Pfeffer
- Deakin University, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, (Waurn Ponds Campus), 75 Pigdons Road, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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20
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Gupta GK, Dixit M, Kapoor RK, Shukla P. Xylanolytic Enzymes in Pulp and Paper Industry: New Technologies and Perspectives. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 64:130-143. [PMID: 34580813 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry discharges massive amount of wastewater containing hazardous organochlorine compounds released during different processing stages. Therefore, some cost-effective and nonpolluting practices such as enzymatic treatments are required for the potential mitigation of effluents released in the environment. Various xylanolytic enzymes such as xylanases, laccases, cellulases and hemicellulases are used to hydrolyse raw materials in the paper manufacturing industry. These enzymes are used either individually or in combination, which has the efficient potential to be considered for bio-deinking and bio-bleaching components. They are highly dynamic, renewable, and high in specificity for enhancing paper quality. The xylanase act on the xylan and cellulases act on the cellulose fibers, and thus increase the bleaching efficacy of paper. Similarly, hemicellulase enzyme like endo-xylanases, arabinofuranosidase and β-D-xylosidases have been described as functional properties towards the biodegradation of biomass. In contrast, laccase enzymes act as multi-copper oxidoreductases, bleaching the paper by the oxidation and reduction process. Laccases possess low redox potential compared to other enzymes, which need some redox mediators to catalyze. The enzymatic process can be affected by various factors such as pH, temperature, metal ions, incubation periods, etc. These factors can either increase or decrease the efficiency of the enzymes. This review draws attention to the xylanolytic enzyme-based advanced technologies for pulp bleaching in the paper industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guddu Kumar Gupta
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Mandeep Dixit
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Kapoor
- Enzyme and Fermentation Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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21
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Desando G, Bartolotti I, Cattini L, Tschon M, Martini L, Fini M, Schiavinato A, Soranzo C, Grigolo B. Prospects on the Potential In Vitro Regenerative Features of Mechanically Treated-Adipose Tissue for Osteoarthritis Care. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1362-1373. [PMID: 33469783 PMCID: PMC8316247 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gathering a better grasp on the adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is demanding among clinicians for osteoarthritis (OA) care because of its promising but multifaceted clinical outcomes. The aim of this preclinical in vitro study was to test whether the mechanical approach with Hy-Tissue SVF system, a class IIa CE marked device of adipose tissue micro-fragmentation, influences the biological features and functions of SVF. We compared mechanical generated-SVF (mSVF) with the enzymatic generated-SVF (eSVF) by testing cell survival, phenotype, differentiation, and paracrine properties using ELISA assays. Both adipose SVF showed 80% viable cells and enrichment for CD-44 marker. The mSVF product preserved the functions of cell populations within the adipose tissue; however, it displayed lowered nucleated cell recovery and CFU-F than eSVF. As for multipotency, mSVF and eSVF showed similar differentiation commitment for osteochondral lineages. Both adipose SVF exhibited an increased release of VEGF, HGF, IGF-1 and PDGF-bb, involved in pathways mediating osteochondral repair and cell migration. Both mSVF and eSVF also displayed high release for the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. After in vitro culture, supernatants from both mSVF and eSVF groups showed a low release of cytokines except for IL-10, thereby giving evidence of functional changes after culture expansion. In this study, mSVF showed active cell populations in the adipose tissue comparable to eSVF with excellent survival, differentiation and paracrine properties under a new mechanical adipose tissue micro-fragmentation system; thereby suggesting its potential use as a minimally invasive technique for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Desando
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy.
| | - I Bartolotti
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy
| | - L Cattini
- Laboratorio di ImmunoReumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italia
| | - M Tschon
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italia
| | - L Martini
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italia
| | - M Fini
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italia
| | - A Schiavinato
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A, Abano Terme, Padova, 35031, Italy
| | - C Soranzo
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A, Abano Terme, Padova, 35031, Italy
| | - B Grigolo
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy
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22
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Bideh NZ, Mashhadi N, Taylor KE, Biswas N. Elimination of selected heterocyclic aromatic emerging contaminants from water using soybean peroxidase. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:37570-37579. [PMID: 33715130 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13403-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Widespread occurrence of various heterocyclic aromatic compounds is reported in concentrations from 1 to 20 μg/L in surface and groundwater as well as influents and effluents of wastewater treatment plants around the world. These so-called emerging contaminants and their metabolites can cause adverse effects on the environment and humans, even at very low concentration, hence raised environmental concerns. In this study, feasibility of soybean peroxidase-catalyzed removal of three selected heterocyclic aromatics from water was investigated, including sensitivity to the most important operational conditions, pH (range 3.6-9.0), H2O2 concentration (range 0.10-1.50 mM), and enzyme activity (range 0.001-5.0 U/mL). 3-Hydroxycoumarin and 2-aminobenzoxaozle were found to be substrates for the enzyme, having ≥95% and 45% removal efficiency with most effective pHs of 7.0 and 6.0, respectively. Time course study was also conducted to determine the initial first-order rate constants and half-lives; half-lives normalized for enzyme activity (0.0257 and 452 min for the respective substrates) are compared with those of 21 other compounds reactive with soybean peroxidase. High-resolution mass spectrometry was employed to characterize the plausible oligomerization products of enzymatic treatment, which revealed formation of dimers and trimers of the two substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Ziayee Bideh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Neda Mashhadi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Keith E Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Nihar Biswas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
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23
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Maryskova M, Linhartova L, Novotny V, Rysova M, Cajthaml T, Sevcu A. Laccase and horseradish peroxidase for green treatment of phenolic micropollutants in real drinking water and wastewater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:31566-31574. [PMID: 33606164 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active micropollutants that contain diverse phenolic/aromatic structures are regularly present in wastewater effluents and are even found in drinking water. Advanced green technologies utilizing immobilized laccase and/or peroxidase, which target these micropollutants directly, may provide a reasonable alternative to standard treatments. Nevertheless, the use of these enzymes is associated with several issues that may prevent their application, such as the low activity of laccase at neutral and basic pH or the necessity of hydrogen peroxide addition as a co-substrate for peroxidases. In this study, the activity of laccase from Trametes versicolor and horseradish peroxidase was evaluated across a range of commonly used substrates (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), syringaldazine, and guaiacol). Moreover, conditions for their optimal performance were explored along with an assessment of whether these conditions accurately reflect the effectivity of both enzymes in the degradation of a mixture of bisphenol A, 17α-ethinylestradiol, triclosan, and diclofenac in tap drinking water and secondary wastewater effluent. Laccase and horseradish peroxidase showed optimal activity at strongly acidic pH if ABTS was used as a substrate. Correspondingly, the activities of both enzymes detected using ABTS in real waters were significantly enhanced by adding approximately 2.5% (v/v) of McIlvaine's buffer. Degradation of a mixture of micropollutants in wastewater with 2.5% McIlvaine's buffer (pH 7) resulted in a substantial decrease in estrogenic activity. Low degradation efficiency of micropollutants by laccase was observed in pure McIlvaine's buffer of pH 3 and 7, compared with efficient degradation in tap water of pH 7.5 without buffer. This study clearly shows that enzyme activity needs to be evaluated on micropollutants in real waters as the assessment of optimal conditions based on commonly used substrates in pure buffer or deionized water can be misleading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Maryskova
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 1409/7, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Linhartova
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benatska 2, 128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Novotny
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 1409/7, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Rysova
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 1409/7, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Cajthaml
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benatska 2, 128 01, Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Sevcu
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 1409/7, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
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24
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Jiang CC, Hsieh CH, Liao CJ, Chang WH, Liao WJ, Tsai-Wu JJ, Chiang H. Collagenase treatment of cartilaginous matrix promotes fusion of adjacent cartilage. Regen Ther 2020; 15:97-102. [PMID: 33426207 PMCID: PMC7770344 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In articular cartilage-repair, grafts usually fuse unsatisfactorily with surrounding host cartilage. Enzymatic dissociation of cartilaginous matrix to free chondrocytes may benefit fusion. We tested such a hypothesis with human cartilage in vitro, and with porcine cartilage in vivo. Human articular cartilage was collected from knee surgeries, cut into disc-and-ring sets, and randomly distributed into three groups: disc-and-ring sets in Group 1 were left untreated; in Group 2 only discs, and in Group 3 both discs and rings were treated with enzyme. Each disc-and-ring reassembly was cultured in a perfusion system for 14 days; expression of cartilage marker proteins and genes was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and PCR. Porcine articular cartilage from knees was similarly fashioned into disc-and-ring combinations. Specimens were randomly distributed into a control group without further treatment, and an experimental group with both disc and ring treated with enzyme. Each disc-and-ring reassembly was transplanted into subcutaneous space of a nude mouse for 30 days, and retrieved to examine disc-ring interface. In in vitro study with human cartilage, a visible gap remained at disc-ring interfaces in Group 1, yet became indiscernible in Group 2 and 3. Marker genes, including type II collagen, aggrecan and Sox 9, were well expressed by chondrocytes in all specimens, indicating that chondrocytes’ phenotype retained regardless of enzymatic treatment. Similar results were found inin vivo study with porcine cartilage. Enzymatic dissociation of cartilaginous matrix promotes fusion of adjacent cartilage. The clinical relevance may be a novel method to facilitate integration of repaired cartilage in joints. Cartilage repair-patches fuse poorly to surrounding host cartilage. Collagenase treatment of adjacent cartilaginous tissues facilitates their fusion. Collagenase treatment of cartilage promotes chondrocyte proliferation and presentation. Collagenase treatment does not affect phenotypes of chondrocytes.
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Key Words
- Cartilage fusion
- Cartilage repair
- Cartilaginous matrix
- DMMB, 1,9-dimethyl methylene blue
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- Enzymatic treatment
- GAG, glycosaminoglycan
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- Sox 9, SRY-box transcription factor 9
- cDNA, complementary deoxyribonucleic acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Wei-Ju Liao
- Taiwan Biomaterial Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyy-Jih Tsai-Wu
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hongsen Chiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chungsan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
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25
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Wang L, Ni H, Zhang J, Shi Q, Zhang R, Yu H, Li M. Enzymatic treatment improves fast pyrolysis product selectivity of softwood and hardwood lignin. Sci Total Environ 2020; 717:137241. [PMID: 32070898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fast pyrolysis of lignin is still struggling in efficiency and scalable utilization. The low product selectivity thereby represents one of the most challenging issues. White-rot fungi have been widely used in bio-pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, where ligninolytic enzymes have been evidenced to modify lignin structures and enhance bio-refining efficiency. We thus treated lignin from both softwood (ginkgo) and hardwood (poplar) with enzymatic cocktail from white-rot fungus for fast pyrolysis. Both ginkgo and poplar lignin had much improved product selectivity at lower temperature after enzymatic modification, in particular, the 2-methoxy-phenol production from ginkgo lignin. Besides the improved product selectivity, the residue bio-char from pyrolysis had much improved surface area with more porous structures. Mechanistic study showed that the improvement of lignin pyrolysis products might attribute to demethoxylation and interunit linkage cleavage of lignin during enzymatic treatment. All these results highlighted that the product selectivity and bio-char performances have been synergistically improved by enzymatic treatment, which could thus pave a new way for enhancing fast pyrolysis efficiency. Overall, using softwood and hardwood lignin, this research has presented a new strategy using ligninolytic enzyme to modify lignin for synergistically improving product selectivity and bio-char performances, which opened up a new avenue for lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Haoxiang Ni
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jialong Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qipeng Shi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Mengjie Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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26
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Pap N, Hamberg L, Pihlava JM, Hellström J, Mattila P, Eurola M, Pihlanto A. Impact of enzymatic hydrolysis on the nutrients, phytochemicals and sensory properties of oil hemp seed cake (Cannabis sativa L. FINOLA variety). Food Chem 2020; 320:126530. [PMID: 32222655 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis of the oil hemp seed (FINOLA variety) cake and defatted hemp seed cake by SC-CO2 was carried out using Flavorpro 750 MDP and Promod 439 L enzymes, and proximate composition, proanthocyanidins, phytic acid, lignanamides and cannabinoids were determined from the separated phases. CIELAB* color parameters were measured, while trained panelists evaluated taste, color, and smell in 1-9 Hedonic scale. Ten lignanamides, seven cannabisin-type and three grossamide-type, were found, from the cannabinoids, only cannabidiolic acid was detected. Protein, fat, ash, lignanamides and proanthocyanidins remained mostly in the sediments after the hydrolysis process in the Flavorpro treated samples, while dry matter, fat and ash was released mostly to liquids in Promod treated samples. The defatting process by SC-CO2 resulted in a higher lightness and the enzymatic processing did not have effect on the color attributes. Sediments from the enzymatic treatment were tastier, with better color and smell than liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Pap
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, Myllytie 1, FIN-31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
| | - Leena Hamberg
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Bioeconomy and Environment, Latokartanonkaari 9, FIN-00790 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Juha-Matti Pihlava
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, Myllytie 1, FIN-31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
| | - Jarkko Hellström
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, Myllytie 1, FIN-31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
| | - Pirjo Mattila
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4 A, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Merja Eurola
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Natural Resources, Tietotie 4, FIN-31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
| | - Anne Pihlanto
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Production Systems, Myllytie 1, FIN-31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
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27
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Mukherjee D, Bhattacharya S, Taylor KE, Biswas N. Enzymatic treatment for removal of hazardous aqueous arylamines, 4,4'-methylenedianiline and 4,4'-thiodianiline. Chemosphere 2019; 235:365-372. [PMID: 31265982 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The search for an effective and sustainable treatment method to remove the recalcitrant atom-bridged bis-anilino compounds, 4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA) and 4,4'-thiodianiline (TDA) from water is a major challenge and focus of this study. The escalating discharge of these two toxic and carcinogenic pollutants from industrial sources may pose a serious threat to the environment. Crude soybean peroxidase (SBP), isolated from soybean seed hulls (coats), catalyzes the oxidative polymerization of these aqueous pollutants in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The effects of several process parameters, i.e., pH, hydrogen peroxide-to-substrate concentration ratio and SBP concentration, were investigated to optimize the performance of enzymatic treatment. The minimum effective SBP concentration required for removal of MDA was 0.70 U/mL, which was higher than that of TDA (0.15 U/mL). The reaction time course to achieve ≥95% removal of these compounds from water was determined under those optimum conditions. Identification of the transformed products was performed by means of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The products generally observed were protonated oxidized oxidative dimers and higher oligomers (most commonly azo-coupled products). Michaelis constant, KM, and maximum reaction velocity, Vmax, obtained from the Michaelis-Menten (M-M) model revealed that TDA had a 65-fold lower KM than MDA (indicating TDA's higher affinity for SBP), and almost 5-fold higher Vmax than MDA. A pro-forma cost analysis is presented to assess the possibility of commercialization of enzymatic treatment as an alternative to conventional/traditional treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Keith E Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4.
| | - Nihar Biswas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Canada
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28
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De Prez J, Van Vuure AW, Ivens J, Aerts G, Van de Voorde I. Flax treatment with strategic enzyme combinations: Effect on chemical fiber composition and ease of fiber extraction. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2019; 23:e00358. [PMID: 31321214 PMCID: PMC6612796 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of treatment of flax with strategic enzyme combinations on the ease of fiber extraction and the chemical fiber composition is reported in this study. To contribute to the increasing demand for bio-based and sustainable materials, it is of great importance to develop optimal enzyme formulations which can replace the yet poorly controlled traditional dew retting process. Regarding the chemical composition of the fiber, enzymatic treatments all resulted in similar improvements, with an enhanced cellulose content of 81 ± 1% after polygalacturonase + xylanase treatment (vs. 64 ± 2% for green fibers). Evaluation of extraction efficiency (EE) showed that several enzyme combinations significantly increased EE in comparison with green fibers. An EE of 23 ± 6% was found for fibers extracted after polygalacturonase + pectinmethylesterase treatment, in comparison with an EE of 11 ± 1% for green fibers. Combinations with three enzymes resulted in a higher reduction of the pectin content of the fibers. The combination of enzymes shows hence promising potential but further evaluation of mechanical performance of fiber reinforced composites is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana De Prez
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M²S), Cluster for Bioengineering Technology (CBeT), Laboratory of Enzyme, Fermentation and Brewing Technology (EFBT), Technology Campus Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aart Willem Van Vuure
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Department of Materials Engineering (MTM), Technology Cluster for Materials Technology (TC-MT), Campus Group T, Andreas Vesaliusstraat 13, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Ivens
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Department of Materials Engineering (MTM), Technology Cluster for Materials Technology (TC-MT), Campus De Nayer, De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860, Sint-Katelijne Waver, Belgium
| | - Guido Aerts
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M²S), Cluster for Bioengineering Technology (CBeT), Laboratory of Enzyme, Fermentation and Brewing Technology (EFBT), Technology Campus Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van de Voorde
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M²S), Cluster for Bioengineering Technology (CBeT), Laboratory of Enzyme, Fermentation and Brewing Technology (EFBT), Technology Campus Ghent, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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29
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Mashhadi N, Taylor KE, Jimenez N, Varghese ST, Levi Y, Lonergan C, Lebeau E, Lamé M, Lard E, Biswas N. Removal of Selected Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products from Wastewater using Soybean Peroxidase. Environ Manage 2019; 63:408-415. [PMID: 30607547 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-018-01132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Personal care products and pharmaceuticals have been reported in various concentrations in the effluent of municipal sewage treatment plants (STP). Although they are generally found in the nanogram to microgram per liter range, many of them might have adverse health effects on humans at these concentrations. Conventional treatments applied at the STP are unable to effectively remove most of these recalcitrant compounds, thus there is a necessity for development of alternative treatment techniques. In this article, the efficiency of enzymatic treatment using soybean peroxidase in treating some commonly found micropollutants is discussed. The target compounds were, two phenolic surfactant breakdown products, nonylphenol and octylphenol, two antimicrobial agents, Triclosan and sulfamethoxazole and three phenolic steroids. The effects of the most important parameters pH, enzyme concentration and peroxide concentration have been evaluated for each compound. The treatment of synthetic wastewater was shown to be effective (≥95% removal), except for sulfamethoxazole, in concentration ranges of 10 s of µM at neutral pH with 2-5 mU/L of catalytic activity and 2-3 molar equivalents of hydrogen peroxide. The effectiveness of the treatment has also been determined for lower concentrations (6-9 nM) which approximate those in real wastewater. A matrix effect was found in the treatment of Triclosan in spiked real wastewater indicating that re-optimization of important parameters for STP treatment would be required to achieve high removal efficiency. A reverse-phase, solid-phase extraction technique was used to concentrate target analytes in real wastewater, enabling chromatographic detection by UV absorbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Mashhadi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Keith E Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Nathalie Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Sherin T Varghese
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Yaniv Levi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Corinne Lonergan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Emilie Lebeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Mathilde Lamé
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Elodie Lard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Nihar Biswas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
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30
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Long L, Shen F, Wang F, Tian D, Hu J. Synthesis, characterization and enzymatic surface roughing of cellulose/xylan composite films. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 213:121-127. [PMID: 30879651 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Upgrading renewable cellulose biopolymer to various high-value material/chemical is of great importance in building a sustainable bio-economy. This work assessed the technical feasibility of fabricating transparent cellulose/xylan composite films using facile solution-casting method. More importantly, this work also initially assessed the technical potential of xylanase treatment to selectively modify the surface of the obtained composite films with the goal of extending their applications. When bleached Kraft xylan addition was lower than 20 wt%, the composite films could still retain their original mechanical and structural advantages. Xylanase treatment specifically removed 26.0% and 32.3% xylan of the composite films with an enzyme loading of 2 and 5 mg g-1 cellulose, respectively. It was shown that xylan component was heterogeneously located in the surface of the composite films during film-casting process, which allowed the subsequent surface etching/roughing at nanoscale using facile xylanase treatment without compromising their structural advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Long
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China
| | - Fei Shen
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, PR China.
| | - Dong Tian
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, PR China.
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Canada
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Naghdi M, Taheran M, Brar SK, Kermanshahi-Pour A, Verma M, Surampalli RY. Removal of pharmaceutical compounds in water and wastewater using fungal oxidoreductase enzymes. Environ Pollut 2018; 234:190-213. [PMID: 29175684 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to recalcitrance of some pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), conventional wastewater treatment is not able to remove them effectively. Therefore, their occurrence in surface water and potential environmental impact has raised serious global concern. Biological transformation of these contaminants using white-rot fungi (WRF) and their oxidoreductase enzymes has been proposed as a low cost and environmentally friendly solution for water treatment. The removal performance of PhACs by a fungal culture is dependent on several factors, such as fungal species, the secreted enzymes, molecular structure of target compounds, culture medium composition, etc. In recent 20 years, numerous researchers tried to elucidate the removal mechanisms and the effects of important operational parameters such as temperature and pH on the enzymatic treatment of PhACs. This review summarizes and analyzes the studies performed on PhACs removal from spiked pure water and real wastewaters using oxidoreductase enzymes and the data related to degradation efficiencies of the most studied compounds. The review also offers an insight into enzymes immobilization, fungal reactors, mediators, degradation mechanisms and transformation products (TPs) of PhACs. In brief, higher hydrophobicity and having electron-donating groups, such as amine and hydroxyl in molecular structure leads to more effective degradation of PhACs by fungal cultures. For recalcitrant compounds, using redox mediators, such as syringaldehyde increases the degradation efficiency, however they may cause toxicity in the effluent and deactivate the enzyme. Immobilization of enzymes on supports can enhance the performance of enzyme in terms of reusability and stability. However, the immobilization strategy should be carefully selected to reduce the cost and enable regeneration. Still, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in enzymatic degradation and the toxicity levels of TPs and also to optimize the whole treatment strategy to have economical and technical competitiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Naghdi
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Mehrdad Taheran
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - Azadeh Kermanshahi-Pour
- Biorefining and Remediation Laboratory, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, B3J 1Z1, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Mausam Verma
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - R Y Surampalli
- Global Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainability, P.O. Box 14354, Lenexa, KS 66285, USA
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Maffei G, Bracciale MP, Broggi A, Zuorro A, Santarelli ML, Lavecchia R. Effect of an enzymatic treatment with cellulase and mannanase on the structural properties of Nannochloropsis microalgae. Bioresour Technol 2018; 249:592-598. [PMID: 29091842 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The effects of an enzymatic treatment with cellulase and mannanase on the properties of marine microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. were investigated. The combined use of these enzymes synergistically promoted the recovery of lipids from the microalgae, increasing the extraction yield from 40.8 to over 73%. Untreated and enzymatically treated microalgae were characterized by chemical analysis and by TGA/DTG, FTIR, XRD and SEM. Significant changes were observed in the chemical composition and thermal behavior of the microalgae. The enzymatic treatment also resulted in an increase of the crystalline-to-amorphous cellulose ratio. SEM images revealed dramatic changes in cell morphology, extensive cell damage and release of intracellular material. Overall, the results obtained indicate that the enzymes used are capable of disrupting the microalgal cell wall and that a combination of common analytical techniques can be used to assess the enzyme-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Maffei
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Bracciale
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy; CISTeC - Research Center in Science and Technology for the Preservation of Historical-Architectural Heritage, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Broggi
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy; CISTeC - Research Center in Science and Technology for the Preservation of Historical-Architectural Heritage, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Zuorro
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Santarelli
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy; CISTeC - Research Center in Science and Technology for the Preservation of Historical-Architectural Heritage, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Lavecchia
- DICMA - Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy.
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Gouvêa RF, Ribeiro LO, Souza ÉF, Penha EM, Matta VM, Freitas SP. Effect of enzymatic treatment on the rheological behavior and vitamin C content of Spondias tuberosa (umbu) pulp. J Food Sci Technol 2017; 54:2176-2180. [PMID: 28720976 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2630-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Umbu is a native fruit of the semi-arid Northeastern region of Brazil, which presents an exotic and differentiated flavor. Containing vitamin C and presenting a high potential of consumption, no appropriated technology has been developed to process this fruit and expand its commercialization to other markets. The enzymatic treatment of fruit pulps leads to viscosity reduction, which makes possible an efficient processing for obtaining high quality umbu juices. In order to contribute to the valorization of this underexploited culture, two commercial pectinolytic enzymes, Pectinex Ultra SP-L® and Rapidase TF®, were used to promote viscosity reduction of umbu pulp. The effect of reaction temperature (35, 45 and 55 °C) and enzyme concentration (100, 200 and 300 ppm) on the rheological properties of the fruit pulp was evaluated. In relation to the viscosity of the original pulp (84.8 mPa s at 100 s-1 shear rate), a significant, four times lower, viscosity reduction of 18.9 mPa s was observed. Under optimum process condition (35 °C and Rapidase at 100 ppm concentration), the lowest viscosity was achieved after 40 min of reaction. Under these reaction conditions, no significant change was found in the vitamin C content, indicating the preservation of functional and nutritional properties of umbu pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo F Gouvêa
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Brazil
| | - Leilson O Ribeiro
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Avenida das Américas 29501, Rio de Janeiro, 23020-470 Brazil
| | - Érika F Souza
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Avenida das Américas 29501, Rio de Janeiro, 23020-470 Brazil
| | - Edmar M Penha
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Avenida das Américas 29501, Rio de Janeiro, 23020-470 Brazil
| | - Virgínia M Matta
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Avenida das Américas 29501, Rio de Janeiro, 23020-470 Brazil
| | - Suely P Freitas
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Brazil
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Grandclément C, Seyssiecq I, Piram A, Wong-Wah-Chung P, Vanot G, Tiliacos N, Roche N, Doumenq P. From the conventional biological wastewater treatment to hybrid processes, the evaluation of organic micropollutant removal: A review. Water Res 2017; 111:297-317. [PMID: 28104517 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Because of the recalcitrance of some micropollutants to conventional wastewater treatment systems, the occurrence of organic micropollutants in water has become a worldwide issue, and an increasing environmental concern. Their biodegradation during wastewater treatments could be an interesting and low cost alternative to conventional physical and chemical processes. This paper provides a review of the organic micropollutants removal efficiency from wastewaters. It analyses different biological processes, from conventional ones, to new hybrid ones. Micropollutant removals appear to be compound- and process- dependent, for all investigated processes. The influence of the main physico-chemical parameters is discussed, as well as the removal efficiency of different microorganisms such as bacteria or white rot fungi, and the role of their specific enzymes. Even though some hybrid processes show promising micropollutant removals, further studies are needed to optimize these water treatment processes, in particular in terms of technical and economical competitiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Grandclément
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2, Marseille, France; Société Seakalia SAS, Groupe Ovalee, Technopôle de Château-Gombert, Héliopolis, 13013, Marseille, France
| | | | - Anne Piram
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
| | | | - Guillaume Vanot
- Société Seakalia SAS, Groupe Ovalee, Technopôle de Château-Gombert, Héliopolis, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Tiliacos
- Société Seakalia SAS, Groupe Ovalee, Technopôle de Château-Gombert, Héliopolis, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Roche
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2, Marseille, France.
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Abstract
The few-celled female gametophyte, or embryo sac, of flowering plants is not easily accessible as it is buried within the sporophytic tissues of the ovule. Nevertheless, it has become an attractive model system to study the molecular mechanisms underlying patterning and cell type specification, as well as fertilization of the two female gametes, the egg and the central cell. While female gametes, zygotes, and early embryos can be manually isolated from the embryo sacs in maize, wheat, tobacco, and rice by micromanipulation, this approach had been considered impossible for the much smaller embryo sac of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we describe a method to isolate living cells from the Arabidopsis female gametophyte by micromanipulation. The manual isolation of egg cells, central cells, and synergid cells is a technique that enables a number of important studies such as cell-type-specific transcriptional profiling or the analysis of DNA methylation profiles. It also offers the possibility to use isolated female gametes for in vitro fertilization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Englhart
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lucija Šoljić
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sprunck
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstrasse 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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36
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Wang X, Li Z, Zhou X, Wang Q, Wu Y, Saino M, Bai X. Study on the bio-methane yield and microbial community structure in enzyme enhanced anaerobic co-digestion of cow manure and corn straw. Bioresour Technol 2016; 219:150-157. [PMID: 27484671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of enzymes to improve anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of cow manure and corn straw was explored in this study, including cellulase pretreatment and direct additions of amylase and protease. The effects of enzymes on microbial community structure were investigated though PCR-DGGE method. Results showed that AcoD with amylase achieved the highest methane yield of 377.63ml·CH4/g·VS, which was an increase of 110.79%. The methane increment consumed the amylase of 4.18×10(-5)g/ml·CH4. Enzymes mainly affected the bacteria in the hydrolysis stage rather than the bacteria in the hydrogenesis and acetogenesis stage and the archaea in the methanogenesis stage. However, the experimental results demonstrated that enzymes had no negative influence on microbial communities; the predominant microbial communities were similar. Therefore, AcoD with amylase was an effective way to improve the bio-methane yield of cow manure and corn straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zifu Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | | | - Mayiani Saino
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
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Liguori R, Faraco V. Biological processes for advancing lignocellulosic waste biorefinery by advocating circular economy. Bioresour Technol 2016; 215:13-20. [PMID: 27131870 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The actualization of a circular economy through the use of lignocellulosic wastes as renewable resources can lead to reduce the dependence from fossil-based resources and contribute to a sustainable waste management. The integrated biorefineries, exploiting the overall lignocellulosic waste components to generate fuels, chemicals and energy, are the pillar of the circular economy. The biological treatment is receiving great attention for the biorefinery development since it is considered an eco-friendly alternative to the physico-chemical strategies to increase the biobased product recovery from wastes and improve saccharification and fermentation yields. This paper reviews the last advances in the biological treatments aimed at upgrading lignocellulosic wastes, implementing the biorefinery concept and advocating circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Liguori
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenza Faraco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4, 80126 Naples, Italy; European Center "Europe Direct LUPT", Italy; Interdepartmental Center "R. d'Ambrosio, LUPT", Italy.
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38
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Koutinas ΑΑ, Papafotopoulou-Patrinou E, Gialleli AI, Petsi T, Bekatorou A, Kanellaki M. Production of nanotubes in delignified porous cellulosic materials after hydrolysis with cellulase. Bioresour Technol 2016; 213:169-171. [PMID: 26996258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, tubular cellulose (TC), a porous cellulosic material produced by delignification of sawdust, was treated with a Trichoderma reesei cellulase in order to increase the proportion of nano-tubes. The effect of enzyme concentration and treatment duration on surface characteristics was studied and the samples were analyzed with BET, SEM and XRD. Also, a composite material of gelatinized starch and TC underwent enzymatic treatment in combination with amylase (320U) and cellulase (320U) enzymes. For TC, the optimum enzyme concentration (640U) led to significant increase of TC specific surface area and pore volume along with the reduction of pore diameter. It was also shown that the enzymatic treatment did not result to a significant change of cellulose crystallinity index. The produced nano-tubular cellulose shows potential for application to drug and chemical preservative delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Αthanasios Α Koutinas
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras 26500, Greece.
| | | | | | - Theano Petsi
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras 26500, Greece
| | - Argyro Bekatorou
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras 26500, Greece
| | - Maria Kanellaki
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras 26500, Greece
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Arca-Ramos A, Kumar VV, Eibes G, Moreira MT, Cabana H. Recyclable cross-linked laccase aggregates coupled to magnetic silica microbeads for elimination of pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:8929-8939. [PMID: 26817474 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the use of magnetic mesoporous silica microbeads (MMSMB) as supports was proposed to produce magnetically-separable cross-linked enzyme aggregates (MCLEAs). The effects of cross linking time, addition of bovine serum albumin as protein feeder, pH, glutaraldehyde concentration, and laccase:MMSMB mass ratio on the immobilization yield and enzyme load were investigated. The best conditions allowed the rapid preparation of MCLEAs with high enzyme load, i.e., 1.53 U laccase/mg MCLEAs. The stability of MCLEAs was improved with regard to low pH, presence of chemical denaturants, and real wastewater matrix, compared to free laccase. In addition, the novel biocatalyst exhibited good operational stability, maintaining up to 70 % of its initial activity after 10 successive batch reactions. Finally, MCLEAs demonstrated its catalytic potential to transform acetaminophen and various non-phenolic pharmaceutical active compounds as mefenamic acid, fenofibrate, and indomethacin from biologically treated wastewater effluent, with similar or even higher efficiency than free laccase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arca-Ramos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - V V Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India
| | - G Eibes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M T Moreira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - H Cabana
- Department of Civil Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada.
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada.
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40
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Chen Z, Zhang W, Wang D, Ma T, Bai R. Enhancement of activated sludge dewatering performance by combined composite enzymatic lysis and chemical re-flocculation with inorganic coagulants: Kinetics of enzymatic reaction and re-flocculation morphology. Water Res 2015. [PMID: 26196306 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of combined process of composite enzymatic treatment and chemical flocculation with inorganic salt coagulants was investigated in this study. The evolution of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) distribution, composition and morphological properties were analyzed to unravel the sludge conditioning mechanism. It was found that sludge filtration performance was deteriorated due to release of a large amount of biopolymers after enzymatic treatment. The change in EPS followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic equation well under enzymatic treatment. The feeding modes of enzymes had a significant influence on sludge lysis efficiency under compound enzymes treatment. Alpha amylase + protease was more effective in solubilization than other two addition modes (protease + α-amylase or simultaneous addition). The sludge floc re-formed and macromolecule biopolymers were effectively removed through coagulation process. At the same time, both of filtration rate and cake solid content of sludge treated with enzymes were improved with increasing dosage of coagulants, and ferric iron (FeCl3) had better performance in sludge dewaterability enhancement than polyaluminium chloride (PACl). In addition, sludge filtration property was slightly deteriorated, while the cake moisture reduction was favored at the optimal dosage of inorganic coagulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Chen
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Teng Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Runying Bai
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
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41
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Beltramino F, Roncero MB, Vidal T, Torres AL, Valls C. Increasing yield of nanocrystalline cellulose preparation process by a cellulase pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 2015; 192:574-581. [PMID: 26092069 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work the introduction of a cellulase treatment prior to NCC isolation was assessed. NCC was produced using sulfuric acid at two different concentrations (62 and 64% wt.). The effect of pore size for filtration step was also assessed. The smaller acid dose leaded to yields up to 65-70% and average size up to 160 nm. It also produced crystals with reduced sulfur content (0.6-1%). Cellulase pretreatment influenced NCC characteristics, as it increased overall yield a 12%, increased average particle size around 35 nm and reduced NCC sulfur content up to a 0.8%. We found that different conditions of enzymatic treatments led to quantitative differences on their effects on NCC. Acetate buffer used for enzymatic treatments was found to counteract effects of acid. The evidence presented in this work suggested that pretreating fibers with this cellulase represents a very interesting option to partially replace chemicals on NCC isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Facundo Beltramino
- CELBIOTECH_Paper Engineering Research Group, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC. BarcelonaTech), Colom 11, E-08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - M Blanca Roncero
- CELBIOTECH_Paper Engineering Research Group, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC. BarcelonaTech), Colom 11, E-08222 Terrassa, Spain.
| | - Teresa Vidal
- CELBIOTECH_Paper Engineering Research Group, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC. BarcelonaTech), Colom 11, E-08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Antonio L Torres
- CELBIOTECH_Paper Engineering Research Group, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC. BarcelonaTech), Colom 11, E-08222 Terrassa, Spain
| | - Cristina Valls
- CELBIOTECH_Paper Engineering Research Group, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC. BarcelonaTech), Colom 11, E-08222 Terrassa, Spain
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42
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Shah NNAK, Rahman RA, Shamsuddin R, Adzahan NM. Effects of pectinase clarification treatment on phenolic compounds of pummelo (Citrus grandis l. Osbeck) fruit juice. J Food Sci Technol 2014; 52:5057-65. [PMID: 26243926 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes occured on phenolic compounds between two Malaysian varieties of pummelo fruit juice: Ledang (PO55) and Tambun (PO52) post-enzymatic clarification. The changes in polyphenols composition were monitored using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Diode Array Detection and Folin Ciocalteu's method. Clarification treatment of pummelo fruit juice with a commercial pectinase was optimized based on incubation temperature, time and enzyme concentration. Both varieties of pummelo fruit juice were treated with different optimized variables which produced the highest clarities with the least effect to the juice physical quality. Tambun variety was found to have significantly more total phenolic compounds (p <0.05) in comparison to Ledang variety, possibly due to the amount of naringin. Three types of hydroxycinnamic acids (chlorogenic, caffeic and coumaric acid) and three compounds of flavanones (naringin, hesperidin and narirutin) were found in both fruit juices, where naringin and chlorogenic acid were the major contributor to the total phenolic content. Naringin, which gave out bitter aftertaste to the juice, was found to decrease, 1.6 and 0.59 % reduction in Ledang and Tambun respectively, post-enzymatic treatment. The decrease in naringin, albeit nominal, could be a potential benefit to the juice production in reducing the bitterness of the juice. Post-enzymatic analysis furthermore resulted in no significance differences (p <0.05) on the total phenolic compounds of both varieties. This study in summary provides a compositional database for Malaysian pummelo fruit juice of various phenolic compounds, which can provide useful information for evaluating the authenticity and the health benefits from the juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Nadiah Abdul Karim Shah
- Department of Process & Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Russly Abdul Rahman
- Department of Process & Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia ; Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia ; Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Shamsuddin
- Department of Process & Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Noranizan Mohd Adzahan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
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Bougatef A, Nedjar-Arroume N, Ravallec-Plé R, Leroy Y, Guillochon D, Barkia A, Nasri M. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) by-products protein hydrolysates obtained by treatment with microbial and visceral fish serine proteases. Food Chem 2008; 111:350-6. [PMID: 26047434 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2008] [Revised: 03/18/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of protein hydrolysates prepared from heads and viscera of sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) by treatment with various proteases were investigated. Protein hydrolysates were obtained by treatment with Alcalase(®), chymotrypsin, crude enzyme preparations from Bacillus licheniformis NH1 and Aspergillus clavatus ES1, and crude enzyme extract from sardine (Sardina pilchardus) viscera. All hydrolysates exhibited inhibitory activity towards ACE. The alkaline protease extract from the viscera of sardine produced hydrolysate with the highest ACE inhibitory activity (63.2±1.5% at 2mg/ml). Further, the degrees of hydrolysis and the inhibitory activities of ACE increased with increasing proteolysis time. The protein hydrolysate generated with alkaline proteases from the viscera of sardine was then fractionated by size exclusion chromatography on a Sephadex G-25 into eight major fractions (P1-P8). Biological functions of all fractions were assayed, and P4 was found to display a high ACE inhibitory activity. The IC50 values for ACE inhibitory activities of sardinelle by-products protein hydrolysates and fraction P4 were 1.2±0.09 and 0.81±0.013mg/ml, respectively. Further, P4 showed resistance to in vitro digestion by gastrointestinal proteases. The amino acid analysis by GC/MS showed that P4 was rich in phenylalanine, arginine, glycine, leucine, methionine, histidine and tyrosine. The added-value of sardinelle by-products may be improved by enzymatic treatment with visceral serine proteases from sardine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bougatef
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P "W" 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Naima Nedjar-Arroume
- Laboratoire de Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien, IUT A Lille I, BP 179, 59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Rozenn Ravallec-Plé
- Laboratoire de Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien, IUT A Lille I, BP 179, 59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Yves Leroy
- CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 8576, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Bâtiment C9, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Didier Guillochon
- Laboratoire de Procédés Biologiques, Génie Enzymatique et Microbien, IUT A Lille I, BP 179, 59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Ahmed Barkia
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P "W" 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie - Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, B.P "W" 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
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